State compensation is considered a complementary tool for victims of crimes’ access to restorative justice. Particular benefits with state compensation for trafficked persons is the non-involvement of the offender, which by the nature of the crime usually implies a major obstacle for their access to financial compensation. The access to compensation for cross border victims - which includes victims of trafficking - and the importance of enforcing victims of crimes’ right to justice and equality before the law, has undergone a major actualization in step with the free movement - which led to an increased mobility across EU-borders. The correlation between equality before the law -as an expression for cross border victims’ access to state compensation regardless of citizenship- and the prevailing increasement of freedom of movement in the EU will among others be analyzed down Dworkin’s perception on equality and freedom as reciprocal musts. The right to compensation for victims of trafficking is established in binding EU-acts and therefore requires compliance, particularly since Directive 2004/80/EG - which enforces cross border victims’ right to compensation - was adopted. Due to the lack of contrasting research in the area of victims’ access to state compensation in the EU-member states five different countries is hereby being analyzed, intending to compare national policies on compensation and their compliance with Directive 2004/80/EG. The member states in focus are Spain, Greece, Portugal, Malta and Italy. My conclusion asserts that the member states do comply with the EU-obligations on compensation but the protection of trafficked persons’ right - and access to- state compensation is notwithstanding beneath contempt and requires urgent progress.

The construction of the woman exposed to violence and how she is produced in the Swedish judiciary is important to understand the view of men's violence against the woman. How the woman exposed to violence in today's context are produced by the judiciary in relation to political and media discussions are also affecting social work and its practice. The aim of the study is to, with a norm critical perspective, highlight how women represented and assessed in Swedish district court judgments. We want to investigate how the woman exposed to violence in close relationships is produced and judged in Swedish courts. The study is based on a qualitative research effort and a discourse analysis has been made of 12 district court judgments from different district courts in Sweden. Through a thematic analysis, three themes became clear: “the district court's perception of the credibility of women”, “the course of events based on women's perspectives” and “the district court's considerations in assessing the crime breach, coarse women's violence”. The chosen theoretical approach that has been used to create an understanding of our research problem is norm critical perspective and the concept of ideal crime victim. The results gave us the conclusion that in Swedish district courts there are norms about how women exposed to violence should behave.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att göra en kritisk diskursanalys av begreppet brottsoffer i internationella, nationella och vetenskapliga dokument. Utgångspunkten i analysen är Norman Faircloughs tredimensionella modell. Analysen leder till en redovisning av brottsofferdiskursen och dess konsekvenser för samhället. De huvudsakliga slutsatserna är att brottsofferdiskursen är en del av en större diskursordning och underordnas en diskurs i vardera typen av text, internationell, nationell och vetenskaplig typ av text. Synen på brottsoffer och brottsofferdiskursen är avgörande för hur brottsoffer bemöts och vilket stöd de får. / The purpose of the essay is to perform a critical discourse analysis of the concept: crime victim in international, national and scientific documents. The basis of the analysis is Norman Faircloughs three-dimensional model. The analysis demonstrates the discourse of crime victims and its consequences for society. The main results are that the discourse of crime victims is part of a larger order of discourse and is subordinate to a discourse of each type of text, the international, the national and the scientific type of text. The general view of crime victim and the discourse of crime victims are decisive of the treatment of crime victims and the support they receive.

This thesis deals with the crime of dangerous stalking under s. 354 of the Criminal Code and also with the phenomenon called stalking, which is directly linked with the merits. In introduction of the thesis is described a relationships between the concepts - crime of dangerous stalking and stalking. The thesis is composed of three large chapters - first chapter is focused on stalking from psychological viewpoint, another chapter deals with a legislation of the crime of dangerous stalking in the Czech republic and in the last part are outlined the problematic aspects related to this crime and reasoning de lege ferenda. First chapter starts with a short description of history of stalking and includes mentioning of the first cases for introduction the antistalking legislation. Than a significant part of thesis deals with perpetrators of stalking, especially with the types of perpetrators, which were been created over the whole period of time and characteristics for each type of perpetrator. Another key part deals with victims of stalking from the psychological view and also from legal context of Victims of Crime Act, and also from context of Criminal Procedure Code from the viewpoint of the rights of the victims. Another part focuses on merits of dangerous stalking, where are mentioned the options of...

Uppsatsen undersöker hur våldtäktsoffer framställs i två olika tidningar (Dagens nyheter och Aftonbladet) och om det finns någon skillnad i framställningen beroende av offrets kön. Studien är gjord genom att tillämpa kritisk diskursanalys på de valda tidningsartiklarna för att se om det finns några skillnader. För att göra detta har vi utgått från genusteori samt Goffmans teori kring stigma. Studiens resultat medför att artiklarna har delats upp i tre kategorier: "ideala offer", "icke-idela offer" och "manliga offer". Utöver det genererades även kategorin för "diskussions- eller debattartiklar". Artiklar som kategoriseras som "ideala offer" innehåller färre detaljer kring brotten än artiklarna om de "icke-ideala offer". Kategorin "manliga offer" uppkom på grund av att artiklarna som tillhör den var gravt underrepresenterade, däremot kunde vi se att även dessa artiklar kan jämföras med de två första kategorierna. Artiklarna i den sista kategorin diskuterar mer allmänt kring problemen som våldtäkt för med sig mer allmänt. Majoriteten av dessa artiklar riktade sig till eller handlade om kvinnor. Den slutsats som kunde dras utifrån denna undersökning är att det rapporteras olika gällande olika kön hos våldtäktsoffer. Detta visar sig bland annat genom att det i artiklar som beskriver kvinnor ges mer detaljer som beskriver offret än om de som handlar om män; artiklar om män är generellt sett relativt detaljfattiga. Detta medför också att media styr den allmänna synen kring våldtäktsoffer och har därmed makt att förbättra situationen och göra bilden av manliga och kvinnliga offer mer jämställd då båda könen behöver lika mycket stöd från omgivningen. / This essay investigates how rape victims are shown in two different Swedish newspapers (Dagens nyheter and Aftonbladet) and if there are any differences depending on the victim’s sex. The study is using critical discourse analysis for the selected news articles to find out if the views differentiate. To be able to do this we have based our research in gender theory and the theory of stigma created by Goffman. The results if this study generates three categories: "ideal victims", "non-ideal victims" and "male victims". Apart from these, another category was detected: "discussion or debate articles". Articles that categorises as "ideal victims" contains fewer details of the crime than the articles about "non-ideal victims". The category "male victims" vas created because the articles from this category was seriously diminished, we could on the other hand also apply the two previously stated categories on this one. The articles from the discussion or debate category brings up the problems of rape in a more general matter. The majority of these are speaking to or about women. The conclusion of this study is that media is presenting male and female rape victims differently. This shows, among other conclusions, that articles about female victims contains more details about the victim than articles about men; articles about men do in general rapport lesser details. This contributes to media’s control over the general view on rape victims and have therefor the opportunity to make this situation better. Media can create a more equal image of male and female victims where both will be needing support from society.

Inledning: Med ökad förekomst av våld i Sverige blir forensisk omvårdnad ett alltmer aktuellt ämne inom vården. Forensisk omvårdnad är länken som binder samman sjukvård och rättsväsende. Patientgruppen består av förövare, brottsoffer och anhöriga. Insamling och bevarande av bevis är förekommande saker inom forensisk omvårdnad.  Syfte: Var att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av forensisk omvårdnad i mötet med vuxna brottsoffer.  Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ ansats, nio artiklar analyserades och bearbetades.  Resultat: Två kategorier arbetades fram i resultatet; hinder i omhändertagandet av bevis och sjuksköterskans emotionella utmaning. Två underkategorier var; brist på kunskap, rutiner samt protokoll och brist på tid. Behandling som inger empati och trygghet är viktig. Utan utbildning i forensisk omvårdnad blir det svårt för sjuksköterskor att identifiera och ge adekvat samt korrekt vård till patientgruppen. Slutsats: Forensisk omvårdnad kan bidra till att gärningsmän fälls, skapa upprättelse för brottsoffer och säker vård. Sjuksköterskans arbete för att upptäcka och förebygga våldsbrott är viktigt. Därmed är sjuksköterskors utbildning i forensisk omvårdnad avgörande. Det finns behov av ytterligare forskning inom området för att kunna tillföra mer kunskap. / Introduction: With increased incidence of violence in Sweden, forensic nursing is becoming an increasingly topical topic in healthcare. Forensic nursing is the link that connects healthcare and the justice system. The patient group consists of perpetrators, victims and relatives. Collection and preservation of evidence are things occurring in forensic nursing. Purpose: To describe the nurse's experiences of forensic nursing in the meeting with adult crime victims. Method: Literature review with a qualitative approach, nine articles were analyzed and processed.  Results: Two categories were worked out in the results; barriers in handling evidence and the nurse's emotional challenge. Two subcategories were; lack of knowledge, routines and protocols and lack of time. Treatment that instills empathy and security is important. Without training in forensic nursing, it becomes difficult for nurses to identify and provide adequate and correct care to the patient group. Conclusion: Forensic nursing can contribute to the conviction of perpetrators, create redress for crime victims and safe care. The nurse's work to detect and prevent violent crimes is important. Thus, nurses' training in forensic nursing is crucial. There is a need for further research in the area in order to add more knowledge.

Guardianship maltreatment is one of the most harmful crimes to a society, but the literature is somewhat neglected about it, for example, in comparison with the offense of battering a person living in common dwelling, namely domestic violence. Even so, it devotes some attention, at least that part of the issue related to the particular child victims of this crime. Crimes against persons who are unable to care for themselves on their own and are dependent on the care of another person who subsequently hurting is the socially very harmful or even liquidation. This offense is special both in terms of characteristics of the offender, and in terms of its subject, which is a victim of this crime. The most important peculiarity is that the object of attack is a person who is in the care of another. That person is helpless, unable to care for themselves properly. This is followed by another peculiarity of this crime, which is the relationship of the perpetrator to the victim. This has to be helping the victim in dealing with matters of everyday life and be so supportive to him. Instead, he uses this dependence, helplessness and utter reliance of the victim's person and tortures him. The sad truth is that most of the crime is committed by family members of the victim, that the victim of the person closest to him to...

(in English): The aim of the work was to describe the experience of the providers of assistance to victims of crime with the use of the law in their practice. The experience and the views of the providers were obtained in the form of a questionnaire survey. As a source of data for addressing service has been utilized to view all registered entities providing their services to the victims of the crimes on the web site of the Ministry of justice. The work was focused on the practical application of selected provisions of act no. 45/2013 Coll. and from its results revealed that providers in your practice are finding that the provisions relating to particularly vulnerable victims, are defined too narrowly. Also the communication between the provider and the police is not yet ideally set.