Thesis (M.A.)--Columbia International University, 2003. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-138).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Covenant Theological Seminary, 2002. / Abstract. This is an electronic reproduction of TREN, #030-0113. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 200-206).

Thesis (M.A.)--Columbia International University, 2003. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-138).

A proposta deste estudo é analisar os processos recentes de convergência, interação e colaboração no campo da Comunicação, permeado pela cultura e pela tecnologia -especialmente a tecnologia digital. Para isso optou-se por relacionar os processos no campo da comunicação a processos semelhantes no campo da arte, uma vez que na arte os movimentos de deslocamento de foco do produto para o processo são mais evidentes que na mídia. Ao analisar esses movimentos é possível investigar como as possibilidades recentes de circulação da informação, proporcionadas pelas tecnologias digitais, alteraram ou deslocaram as premissas do conceito de autoria, e também as premissas das Teorias da Comunicação. Embora o conceito de tecnologia adotado considere que trata-se de uma construção cultural, busco-se um distanciamento das posições de pessimismo ou de determinismo tecnológico, na tentativa de traçar um mapa das mediações sociais estampadas nas novas formas de comunicação e de expressão das sociedades. Com isso verificou-se que a globalização carrega o paradoxo de promover profundos abismos sociais, especialmente nos países da América Latina, mas também a possibilidade de proporcionar diferentes formas de organização social, além de recombinações e apropriações da própria cultura. Tal evidência contrasta com o fato de que no campo da Comunicação as teorias vigentes seguem o modelo mecânico, que já não dá conta de analisar os movimentos recentes na comunicação de modelo eletrônico, marcados pela convergência e pela co-autoria. Concluiu-se que os conceitos de destemporalização, desterritorialização e destotalização, que fundamentam a Teoria das Materialidades, podem ser usados para a reflexão sobre os processos de comunicação permeados pela chamadas novas tecnologias da Comunicação. / This study analyze the recent processes of convergence, interaction and contribution in field of the Communication, involving culture and technology - especially digital technology. For this opted to relate the processes in field of communication and similar processes in field of art, a time that in art the movements of displacement of focus the product for process was evidences than in media. When analyzing these movements are possible to investigate as the recent possibilities of propagation to information, proportionate for digital technologies, had modified or dislocated the premises of authorship concept, and also the premises of Theories of Communication. Although the adopted concept of technology considers that it is about a cultural construction, with distance of the positions of pessimism or technological determinism, in attempt to trace a map of the printed mediated social in new forms of communication and expression of societies. With this it was verified especially that the globalization loads the paradox to promote deep abysses social, in Latin America countries, but also the possibility to provide different forms of social organization, beyond recombination's and appropriations of the proper culture. Such evidence contrasts with the fact of that in the field of the Communication the effective theories follow the mechanical model that already of the account not analyze the recent movements in communication of electronic model, marked for the convergence and the co-authorship. One concluded that the concepts of tempo unlimited, territory without delimitation and without totalities, base of the Materiality Theory, can be used for the reflection on processes of communication permeability by new Communication technologies.

The first part of the thesis is focused on the description of the specifics of business in culture, the division of types of innovation and the possibilities of financing cultural activities. In the second part of the thesis, the cultural object Kino Ševětín, its history, marketing communication, potential customers are introduced. Furthermore, there is described the situational analysis, which results in technical, strategic and product innovation. Subsequently, the possibilities of financing these innovations are described.

This thesis examines the growth of commercial lobbying in Scotland with the devolution of political power to Edinburgh in 1999. The study analyses the nascent public affairs community in Edinburgh in the lead up to, and during, the first session of the Scottish Parliament. This period covers the public debate at Holyrood over the registration and regulation of outside interests, and examines both the public and private political communication of those actors involved. The evidence base for this thesis is drawn from archival and documentary research, extended observational fieldwork in Edinburgh, and in depth interviews with informants from lobbying consultancies, corporations, voluntary sector organisations, elected representatives and public servants. A key focus of this study is the role of commercial and corporate lobbyists in Scottish public affairs and the Scottish public sphere. The analysis concludes that the Scottish Parliament's founding principles of openness, equality and accountability could be served through the regulation of lobbying.

This study aims at researching how a sustainable culture of peace can be built through civic engagement in the Abkhaz-Georgian post-conflict context. It does so by learning from locally based NGOs, working for a culture of peace in areas affected by the Abkhaz-Georgian armed conflict which occurred 1993 to 1994. The studied NGOs work for different components within a Culture of Peace such as; women’s rights, peace building, social and economic development, democratic participation and human rights. In order to answer the research question following sub questions are answered: •What can we learn from the experiences of the studied organizations’ participatory communication for social change? •How has the culture of communication in the Abkhaz-Georgian post conflict context been affecting the participatory communication for social change for the different organizations?The method to collect data to the research has been through a field study in Abkhazia and outside its border on the Georgian side, in the city Zugdidi which is the closest city to the Abkhazian border. Participatory observations and interviews with representatives from the different organizations working for a culture of peace were conducted during two and a half months. The theoretical framework used for the study consists of three theories. The first is the theory of “Culture of Peace”, used to analyze how the studied NGOs are working for a culture of peace. The second is the theory “participatory communication for social change” which is used to analyze the work of the studied organizations in order to know how they work for sustainable civic engagement. Lastly, the theory used to look at how the Abkhaz-Georgian post-conflict context is affecting the communication, is the theory “culture of communication”. The findings of the research present solutions of how to practice participatory communication to build a culture of peace in a post-conflict context. However, the research also discovers how certain public values and views in a post-conflict context can hinder effective work through participatory communication as well as ways of overcoming these challenges.

Um interkulturelle Interaktionen verstehen und erklären zu können, bedarf es eines Ansatzes, der offen für die Selbst- und Weltverhältnisse aller beteiligten Interaktanden ist und sich dementsprechend emischer, nicht etischer, Beschreibungen von Handlungen und damit verknüpften Bedeutungszuschreibungen verpflichtet fühlt. Auf Basis (1) eines Kulturbegriffs, der von der Kulturdurchdrungenheit jeglichen Handelns einerseits und der (an individuelles Handeln gebundenen) Handlungsbedingtheit von Kultur andererseits ausgeht, wie dies in der Kulturpsychologie der Fall ist, und (2) qualitativ-sinnverstehender Methodologie und Methoden empirischer Sozialforschung ist dies möglich. Da das Verstehen von (kulturell fremden) Handlungen als Grundlage interkulturell kompetenten Handelns gelten kann, kommt der Lehre hermeneutisch-sinnverstehender Ansätze in der Ausbildung interkultureller Kompetenz somit eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Diesen Zusammenhängen widmet sich die in drei Großkapitel gegliederte – teilkumulative – Dissertation. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden die Symbolic Action Theory Ernst E. Boeschs, die handlungstheoretisch und kulturpsychologisch fundierte Relationale Hermeneutik Jürgen Straubs und der Grounded Theory-Ansatzes (Glaser/Strauss) im Hinblick auf ihre Eignung für die Erforschung und Lehre interkultureller Kommunikation und Kompetenz beleuchtet, ihre besondere Nützlichkeit für diesen Kontext begründet und zum Verfahren der ‚pragma-semantischen Analyse’ verdichtet. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit sind die acht eingereichten Schriften in Originalfassung abgedruckt. Eine Zusammenfassung der zentralen Inhalte und Forschungsergebnisse sowie eine Darstellung der inhaltlichen und entstehungsgeschichtlichen Zusammenhänge der einzelnen Schriften findet sich in Kapitel 1.3. Vor dem Hintergrund des zentralen Themas der Erforschung und Lehre interkultureller Kommunikation rücken in Teil 2 konkrete Handlungsfelder (Tourismus, internationaler Schüleraustausch und Hochschule) in den Blick, die im Rahmen von Forschungs- und Lehrforschungsprojekten untersucht wurden. „Pragma-semantische Analysen zur Erforschung interkultureller Kommunikation“ (2.1) ist eine Studie, die am Beispiel eines reisebiographischen Interviews – in konsequenter Fortsetzung des ersten Teils der Arbeit – die Leistung des komparativen Vorgehens vorführt. Dem Zusammenhang zwischen touristischen Reisen und interkultureller Kommunikation und Kompetenz ist der Handbuchartikel „Tourismus“ (2.2) gewidmet. Die Studie „Touristische Begegnungen aus der Perspektive einer Psychologie interkulturellen Handelns“ (2.3) basiert auf vom Autor erhobenen Beobachtungs- und Gesprächsdaten in Ladakh (im indischen Teil des Himalaya). Die Studie „Experiences and Coping Strategies of Host Families in International Youth Exchange“ (2.4) basiert auf im Rahmen eines Lehrforschungsprojekts erhobenen narrativ-biografischen Interviews und analysiert Erfahrungen und Umgangsstrategien der Gasteltern im Hinblick auf kulturelle Differenz. Mit der programmatischen Betrachtung „Interkulturell ausgerichtete Studiengänge“ (2.5) beginnt der dritte Themenkomplex (Hochschule), der sich der Fruchtbarmachung der in Teil 1 und im Kapitel 2.1. dargestellten Theorien und Methoden für die Lehre im Bereich ‚Interkulturelle Kommunikation’ sowie für die Ausbildung interkultureller Kompetenz widmet. Im Kapitel „Akteure\" (2.6) wird dies mit Bezug u.a. auf die Anforderungen an Studierende, das Lehrpersonal und an die involvierten Institutionen konkretisiert. Der Text „Lehrforschung und Lehrforschungsprojekte“ (2.7) sowie die aus einem Lehrforschungsprojekt entstandene „Bedarfsanalyse“ (2.8) demonstrieren beispielhaft die enge Verzahnung von Forschung und Lehre, Theorie und Praxis und zeigen, wie das in den Kapiteln 2.5 und 2.6 formulierte Programm in der Lehre umgesetzt werden kann. In Teil 3 der Arbeit werden die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse für die Ausbildung im Bereich interkultureller Kommunikation und Kompetenz an der TU Chemnitz fruchtbar gemacht. Insbesondere der ermittelte Bedarf (2.8) an interkulturell ausgerichteten Studienangeboten an der TU Chemnitz sowie die in Kapitel 3.1 vorgenommene vertiefte Analyse der konkreten Standortfaktoren ermöglicht die empirisch und theoretisch fundierte Entwicklung eines detaillierten Konzepts zur Ausbildung Interkultureller Kommunikation und Kompetenz an der TU Chemnitz, das in Kapitel 3.2. dargestellt ist. / If one views intercultural competence not as a set of – ultimately parameter-based – skills, but as a result of an understanding of otherness, intercultural competence cannot be taught as such. What can be taught, however, is the way one can make sense of otherness, hermeneutics. Understanding and explaining intercultural interactions requires an approach that is open to the self and world relations of interactants and thus committed to emic, not etic, description of actions and ascription of meaning to actions. This necessitates an understanding of culture that views culture as a result of individual action and all action as steeped in culture. Methodologically, this calls for qualitative interpretive methods. This – partially cumulative – dissertation consists of three parts. The first part discusses in detail two hermeneutic approaches to interculturality: Ernst E. Boesch’s Symbolic Action Theory and Jürgen Straub’s Relational Hermeneutics. Using Grounded Theory (Glaser/Strauss), these two approaches can be turned into a highly useful tool for the investigation of intercultural phenomena: Pragma-Semantic Analysis. The second part contains eight papers and articles. Starting with three papers demonstrating the usefulness of pragma-semantic analysis if applied to authentic ethnographic data, this part also explores interculturality in host families in international youth exchange and the intercultural systematics of tourism. The other four papers address various aspects of teaching the subject of Intercultural Communication at universities – degree structures, teaching/research projects and needs analysis. The recurring theme in these four papers is the necessity of a close interrelation between research and teaching as well as theory and practice. The third part, based on a case study from the second, outlines challenges and opportunities for the development of intercultural study programmes at the University of Chemnitz. The methodology employed here is pertinent to all universities wishing to implement intercultural studies programmes that suit their particular local and institutional requirements.