The LOIS project aims at building a radio sensor and IT infrastructure in the south of Sweden, primarily with but not limited to the goal of space observations. Signals received produce a gigantic stream of data that has to be processed in real time. Our purpose is scheduling stream computations to computation nodes in such a way that the performance requirements are met. We built a framework where different local and global scheduling algorithms can be executed and tested including a number of benchmarking programs, comparing the performances. We will try to use a method as simple as possible. Given the results of the different local schedules as input – mapping parallel computations (tasks) to processors – along with some parameters such as the algorithm to apply and machine parameters, the framework will compute a global schedule. Moreover, the framework will visualize the results. We understand that framework as a graphic interface able to simulate the manipulation of different tasks, as well as different measurement groups. Showing the better performances is a big aid in order to improve the stream computation.

As time goes on, the demand for higher resolution and more visually rich images only increases. Unfortunately, creating these more realistic computer graphics is pushing our computational resources to their limits. In realistic rendering, one of the common ways 3D objects are represented is as volumetric elements called voxels. Traditionally, voxel data structures are known for their high memory requirements. One of the standard ways these requirements are minimized is by storing the voxels in a sparse voxel octree (SVO). Very recently, a method called High Resolution Sparse Voxel DAGs was presented that can store binary voxel data orders of magnitudes more efficiently than SVOs. This memory efficiency is achieved by converting the tree into a directed acyclic graph (DAG). The method was also shown to have competitive rendering performance to recent GPU ray tracers. Unfortunately, it does not support storing collections of rendering attributes, commonly called materials. These represent a given object's reflectance properties, and are necessary for calculating its perceived color. We present a method for connecting material information to High Resolution Sparse Voxel DAGs for mid-level scenes, with multiple meshes, and several different materials. This is achieved using an extended Sparse Voxel DAG, called a Moxel DAG, and an external data structure for holding the material information, we call a Moxel Table. Our method is much more memory efficient than traditional SVOs, and only increases in efficiency in comparison when at higher resolutions. Because it stores the equivalent information as SVOs, it achieves the exact same visual quality at the same resolutions.

In this master thesis the critique of the development within the Church of Sweden, by the Swedish Lutheran minister Dag Sandahl, is examined and analysed. Sandahl is an outspoken critic, and self-described dissident, in the Church of Sweden. He is primarily known for questioning, and being an opponent to, the opening up of the priesthood to women dated 1958 in the Church of Sweden. The source material used consists of monographs with critique of the Church published by Sandahl between 1973 and 2018. The thesis concludes that Sandahl’s critique touches a broad array of themes and occurrences within the life of the Church – primarily the Church of Sweden – such as the Church’s self-understanding as a national church and not part of the Church catholic, a functionalistic view of ministry leading to the ordination of women to the priesthood, the rough treatment of the opposing minority and the politicized General Synod. It is argued that Sandahl’s critique is best understood in terms of lived ecclesiology and ecclesiology proper.

<p>Barns föreställningar kring naturens olika fenomen är många. Ett fenomen som alla barn upplever varje dag är övergången från dag till natt och tvärtom. För att kunna ge barn förklaringar om hur saker och ting sker och hänger samman, är det viktigt att lyssna på deras föreställningar för att sedan bygga vidare på dessa. För att ta reda på barns föreställningar kring fenomenet dag och natt, har enskilda semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med elever i årskurs tre. Resultaten visar att eleverna hade förståelse för att solen, månen, jorden och andra planeter är i ständig rotation. Hur dessa objekt roterar ute i rymden varierade i svaren hos eleverna. Slutsatsen av detta arbete blir att elevernas föreställningar kring fenomenet dag och natt kan kopplas samman med de vetenskapliga förklaringarna samt att de hade förståelse för att olika objekt i rymden ständigt roterar på olika sätt.</p> / <p>Children's conceptions are several about different natural phenomenon. One phenomenon that every child comes in contact with every day is the transition from day to night and vice versa. To be able to give children explanations about thing that happens and how they are connected to each other, it is important to listen to what conceptions they have and then explain on the basis from their conceptions. Individual semi constructed interviews have been made with pupils in 3rd grade to find out what conceptions they have. The results show that the pupils were certain that the sun, the moon, the earth and other planets are rotating out in space varied. The conclusion of this work is that the pupils conceptions about the phenomenon day and night can be connected with the scientific explanations and that they also had understanding about how different objects are rotating in space.</p>

Abstract The general purpose of this study is to look at what four different Swedish newspapers reported about the Berlin walls fall. The newspapers chosen for the study are Ny Dag, Arbetet, Svenska Dagbladet and Dagens Nyheter. The method used is a qualitative method while analyzing newspaper materials. This is accomplished by using four different questions. What was the reaction? What was the predicted future? How the magazines opinion is shown through their general ideological believes? Was the Berlin walls fall viewed as a threat? The general reaction was a euphoric feeling and a new time for Europe. The future talks centered on the uniting of the two Germanys and why this should or shouldn’t happen. The political messages were different in every newspaper. Svenska Dagbladet went hard against communism while Ny Dag defended it. Arbetets reporting was milder and Dagens Nyheter tried to play both sides. The newspapers did report about a threat perspective and it was about the relationship between superpowers and the impending question about immigrants from DDR. The threat perspective was lowering while a peace perspective was rising.

Emerging technologies enable a set of distributed resources across a network to be linked together and used in a coordinated fashion to solve a particular parallel application at the same time. Such applications are often abstracted as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), in which vertices represent application tasks and edges represent data dependencies between tasks. Effective scheduling mechanisms for DAG applications are essential to exploit the tremendous potential of computational resources. The core issues are that the availability and performance of resources, which are already by their nature heterogeneous, can be expected to vary dynamically, even during the course of an execution. In this thesis, we first consider the problem of scheduling DAG task graphs onto heterogeneous resources with changeable capabilities. We propose a list-scheduling heuristic approach, the Global Task Positioning (GTP) scheduling method, which addresses the problem by allowing rescheduling and migration of tasks in response to significant variations in resource characteristics. We observed from experiments with GTP that in an execution with relatively frequent migration, it may be that, over time, the results of some task have been copied to several other sites, and so a subsequent migrated task may have several possible sources for each of its inputs. Some of these copies may now be more quickly accessible than the original, due to dynamic variations in communication capabilities. To exploit this observation, we extended our model with a Copying Management(CM) function, resulting in a new version, the Global Task Positioning with copying facilities (GTP/c) system. The idea is to reuse such copies, in subsequent migration of placed tasks, in order to reduce the impact of migration cost on makespan. Finally, we believe that fault tolerance is an important issue in heterogeneous and dynamic computational environments as the availability of resources cannot be guaranteed. To address the problem of processor failure, we propose a rewinding mechanism which rewinds the progress of the application to a previous state, thereby preserving the execution in spite of the failed processor(s). We evaluate our mechanisms through simulation, since this allow us to generate repeatable patterns of resource performance variation. We use a standard benchmark set of DAGs, comparing performance against that of competing algorithms from the scheduling literature.

När ett företag ger utdelning till sina aktieägare bör priset på en aktie sjunka med ett värde motsvarande utdelningsbeloppet, givet att marknaden är effektiv. Tidigare studier har visat att så inte är fallet i realiteten, en effekt som kallas ex-dagseffekten. Denna uppsats undersöker ex-dagseffektens förekomst i Sverige över tid. En eventstudie har genomförts för att se om det finns en avvikande avkastning på ex-dagen. Resultatet visar att det finns en avvikande avkastning på ex-dagen under åren 1961-2017. Utifrån denna undersökning kan vi med statistisk säkerhet säga att det har funnits en ex-dagseffekt. Tidigare studier argumenterar att det kan bero på skillnader i beskattning av kapitalvinst och utdelning alternativt en ökad handelsvolym. Däremot gav inte studien några signifikanta resultat om ex-dagseffekten beror på skatteeffekter eller aktieomsättning.

Many parallel programming languages allow programmers to describe parallelism by using constructs such as fork/join. When executed, such programs can be modeled as directed graphs, with nodes representing a computation and edges representing the sequence and dependency. However, because it does not coerce regularity in the computation, the general model is not amenable to efficient execution of the resulting program. Therefore, a more restrictive model called Series-Parallel DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) has been proposed and adopted by several major parallel languages. As reported by the Cilk developers, many parallel computations can be easily expressed in the series-parallel model, and there are provably efficient scheduling algorithms for the SP DAGs. Nevertheless, it remains open how much inherent parallelism will be lost when conforming to the model, because expressing a computation in the series-parallel model may also induce performance losses. We will show that any general DAG can be converted into an SP DAG without violating the original precedence relations; moreover, the conversion can be carried out in essentially linear time and space, and the resulting DAG exhibits little loss in the parallelism. Since the resulting SP DAG can then be executed with high efficiency, it implies that the languages based on SP DAGs are not as restrictive as they were thought to be. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

Barns föreställningar kring naturens olika fenomen är många. Ett fenomen som alla barn upplever varje dag är övergången från dag till natt och tvärtom. För att kunna ge barn förklaringar om hur saker och ting sker och hänger samman, är det viktigt att lyssna på deras föreställningar för att sedan bygga vidare på dessa. För att ta reda på barns föreställningar kring fenomenet dag och natt, har enskilda semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med elever i årskurs tre. Resultaten visar att eleverna hade förståelse för att solen, månen, jorden och andra planeter är i ständig rotation. Hur dessa objekt roterar ute i rymden varierade i svaren hos eleverna. Slutsatsen av detta arbete blir att elevernas föreställningar kring fenomenet dag och natt kan kopplas samman med de vetenskapliga förklaringarna samt att de hade förståelse för att olika objekt i rymden ständigt roterar på olika sätt. / Children's conceptions are several about different natural phenomenon. One phenomenon that every child comes in contact with every day is the transition from day to night and vice versa. To be able to give children explanations about thing that happens and how they are connected to each other, it is important to listen to what conceptions they have and then explain on the basis from their conceptions. Individual semi constructed interviews have been made with pupils in 3rd grade to find out what conceptions they have. The results show that the pupils were certain that the sun, the moon, the earth and other planets are rotating out in space varied. The conclusion of this work is that the pupils conceptions about the phenomenon day and night can be connected with the scientific explanations and that they also had understanding about how different objects are rotating in space.

Abstract The main purpose of the essay is to describe the reception of Alexander Solzhenitsyn’s debut novel   One day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1962) in Swedish newspapers. The reception itself comprises the 1963’s Swedish reviewers opinions on the novel as to how it was controversial or not and the literary quality of the novel and Solzhenitsyn’s writing. In the analysis, seventeen reviews from seventeen different newspapers is included, studied and compared. All of these reviews were written one year after the original release of the book, i.e. in 1962. The analysis will also include five other articles from five different Swedish newspapers, not about One Day, but rather about the Swedish view of the Soviet Union Solzjenitsyn lived in and loathed. The reason I included those articles was because they were written just a few months before the reviews, which makes them interesting when interpreting the image of the novels controversial content, something that could differ very much between the Soviet and the Swedish point of view.