Older patients comprise a large portion of patients in the acute care setting. Registered Nurses (RNs) are the main care providers in the hospital setting. RNs caring for older hospitalized patients are affected by many factors including workload pressures, issues related to the acute care environment and attitudes toward older patients. However, a literature review identified a limited number of studies exploring the RNs experience of caring for older patients in the acute care setting. This study explored the RNs experience of caring for older patients (age 65 and older) on an orthopedic unit in an acute care hospital. Saturation was reached with a purposive sample of nine RNs working on the orthopedic unit, including eight females and 1 male. Participants were interviewed using broad open-ended questions, followed by questions more specific to emerging themes. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using Glasers (1992) grounded theory approach. Participants described the basic social problem as dealing with the complexity of older patients. The basic social process identified was the concept of looking beyond. Looking beyond was described as looking at the big picture to find what lies outside the scope of the ordinary. Three sub-processes of looking beyond were identified as connecting, searching, and knowing. Connecting was described as getting to know patients as a person by taking time, respecting and understanding the individual. Searching was described as digging deeper, searching for the unknown by looking for clues and mining everywhere for information. Knowing was described as intuitively knowing what is going to happen and what the older patient needs by pulling it all together and knowing what to expect. These dynamic sub-processes provided the RN with the relationship and information required to look beyond to manage the older patients complexity. The results of this study have implications for nursing practice, education and research. These findings may provide RNs with a process to manage the complex care of a large portion of our population.

This thesis is an ethnography of drug dealers. Working from a Chicago School Symbolic Interactionist approach (Mead, 1934; Blumer, 1969), nineteen interviews were conducted with current and former drug dealers. I inquired into their careers (initial involvements, continuities, disinvolvements, reinvolvements) of participation in selling drugs. The data analysis is primarily located in three chapters – Chapters Five, Six, and Seven. Chapter Five considers people’s involvements in selling drugs as well as dealers’ interpersonal exchanges with their customers. In particular three processes are considered in Chapter Five: initial involvements in drug sales,expanding the customer base, and making sales. Chapter Six discusses dealers’ relationships with suppliers as well as dealers who become involved in supplying activities. This chapter discusses the matters of: making contacts with suppliers, working with suppliers, and becoming suppliers. Chapter Seven examines some of the identity allures and problematics of being a drug dealer as well as instances of disinvolvement and reinvolvement in drug dealing. This includes considerations of: striving for respectability, encountering regulatory agencies, and the problematics of disentanglement.

This thesis is an ethnography of drug dealers. Working from a Chicago School Symbolic Interactionist approach (Mead, 1934; Blumer, 1969), nineteen interviews were conducted with current and former drug dealers. I inquired into their careers (initial involvements, continuities, disinvolvements, reinvolvements) of participation in selling drugs. The data analysis is primarily located in three chapters – Chapters Five, Six, and Seven. Chapter Five considers people’s involvements in selling drugs as well as dealers’ interpersonal exchanges with their customers. In particular three processes are considered in Chapter Five: initial involvements in drug sales,expanding the customer base, and making sales. Chapter Six discusses dealers’ relationships with suppliers as well as dealers who become involved in supplying activities. This chapter discusses the matters of: making contacts with suppliers, working with suppliers, and becoming suppliers. Chapter Seven examines some of the identity allures and problematics of being a drug dealer as well as instances of disinvolvement and reinvolvement in drug dealing. This includes considerations of: striving for respectability, encountering regulatory agencies, and the problematics of disentanglement.

Older patients comprise a large portion of patients in the acute care setting. Registered Nurses (RNs) are the main care providers in the hospital setting. RNs caring for older hospitalized patients are affected by many factors including workload pressures, issues related to the acute care environment and attitudes toward older patients. However, a literature review identified a limited number of studies exploring the RNs experience of caring for older patients in the acute care setting. This study explored the RNs experience of caring for older patients (age 65 and older) on an orthopedic unit in an acute care hospital. Saturation was reached with a purposive sample of nine RNs working on the orthopedic unit, including eight females and 1 male. Participants were interviewed using broad open-ended questions, followed by questions more specific to emerging themes. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using Glasers (1992) grounded theory approach. Participants described the basic social problem as dealing with the complexity of older patients. The basic social process identified was the concept of looking beyond. Looking beyond was described as looking at the big picture to find what lies outside the scope of the ordinary. Three sub-processes of looking beyond were identified as connecting, searching, and knowing. Connecting was described as getting to know patients as a person by taking time, respecting and understanding the individual. Searching was described as digging deeper, searching for the unknown by looking for clues and mining everywhere for information. Knowing was described as intuitively knowing what is going to happen and what the older patient needs by pulling it all together and knowing what to expect. These dynamic sub-processes provided the RN with the relationship and information required to look beyond to manage the older patients complexity. The results of this study have implications for nursing practice, education and research. These findings may provide RNs with a process to manage the complex care of a large portion of our population.

Šiame tyrime yra pateikiamas darbo su padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiku modelis. Tai svarbu kiekvienam dirbančiam bendrojo lavinimo mokykloje, nes turbūt kiekvienoje klasėje esti padidėjusio aktyvumo vaikų, o žinių trūkumas trukdo tinkamai organizuoti ugdymo procesą. Tyrimo problema – kaip gerinti darbą su padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiku, kad vyktų normalus ugdymo procesas? Tyrimo tikslas – pateikti darbo su padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiku pradinėje mokykloje modelį. Tikslui pasiekti buvo įgyvendinti šie uždaviniai: apibrėžta padidėjusio aktyvumo samprata ir padidėjusio aktyvumo atsiradimo priežastys, apibūdinta socialinės aplinkos įtaka padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiko ugdymui, aprašyti padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiko ugdymo mokykloje aspektai, atskleistas mokytojų vaidmuo, siekiant palengvinti ugdymo procesą. Tyrimo objektu buvo pasirinktas padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiko ugdymas. Tyrimas atliktas pasitelkus kokybinį tyrimo metodą – standartizuotą interviu. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2008 m., kovo mėnesį. Tyrime dalyvavo 8 mokytojos dirbančios pradinėse klasėse, Šėtos vidurinėje mokykloje. Apibendrinant, galima teigti, kad padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiko ugdymas priklauso nuo gebėjimo tinkamai organizuoti ugdymo procesą. Dirbti su padidėjusio aktyvumo vaiku trukdo nesugebėjimas susikaupti, trukdymas dirbti kitiems vaikams, netinkamas elgesys, nekantrumas, tėvų požiūris. Darbo kokybės geras vertinimas motyvuojamas papildomo laiko skyrimu padidėjusio aktyvumo vaikui, vaisingu darbu su tėvais. Darbo kokybė pagerėtų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This research presents a model of the work with the children of enlarged activeness. It is important for everyone who works at school. I presume, such children we can meet in every school and the lack of knowledge bothers us to organize the process of teaching properly. The problem of researching is how to improve the work with a child of enlarged activeness that the process of teaching would be progressive. The aim of my research is to present a model of the work with the child of enlarged activeness in primary school. My goals in this aim were some researches: an explicit conception of enlarged activeness and the reasons of the origin of it, describing of the influence of social environment for teaching a child with enlarged activeness and the aspects of the work with them at school, disclosing the role of the teachers, trying to make easier the process of teaching. The object of my research is the child of enlarged activeness. I used a quality research method – a standard interview. The research was made in March, 2008. Eight teachers who work in Seta secondary school took part in this research. In summary, I have to say that teaching the child of enlarged activeness depends on our ability to organize the process of teaching properly. The quality of the work mainly depends on the child‘s ability to concentrate his attention in class. He hasn‘t to disturb other students. These children often are badly-behaved and impatient. It is very important parents attitude to them and... [to full text]

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

The aim of this research is to examine the conceptual design issues concerned with integrating product capabilities that can only be generated at the micro- scale (through feature sizes generally of the order of 100nm to 100μm) directly into 3-dimensional products at the macro-scale. Such macro-scale products could accordingly contain internal devices that are too small to be seen or touched by unaided human designers, which begs the question as to how to enable designers to work with objects which are beyond direct human experience, and how can the necessary collective discussion take place within teams of designers, and between these teams and those responsible for product manufacture? This thesis examines and tests a concept that theoretical 2-dimensional diagrams of function may be transformed into 3-dimensional working structures using procedures allied to those used by graphic designers to create solid objects from 2-dimensional prototype geometries through, for example, extrusion or rotation. Applying such procedures to theoretical diagrams in order to transform them into scalable 3-dimensional devices is not yet in general use at the macro-scale, but with increasing recognition of the unique capabilities of the micro- scale the idea may grow in appeal to alleviate the difficulties of conceiving of functional structures that, when built, will be too small to experience directly. Furthermore this design method, through its basis upon a common currency of functional diagrams, may overcome many of the problems of describing and discussing the design and manufacture of normally intangible objects in 3 dimensions. Finally, it is shown through the example of a novel Red Blood Cell / Plasma Separation Device that the geometric transformation process can lead to the design of functional structures which would not readily be arrived at intuitively, and that may be effectively and efficiently integrated into host products.

Diante da intensificação do processo de encarceramento feminino verificada na última década e das nefastas consequências que decorrem da prisionalização, a presente pesquisa voltar-se-á para a análise da criminalidade feminina a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, a fim de identificar as especificidades do comportamento feminino e revelar como o gênero e as relações de poder dele decorrentes estão essencialmente entrelaçados na construção da realidade criminal. Para tanto, será adotada uma abordagem histórica sobre o conceito de gênero e da sua introdução analítica nas ciências jurídicas, a fim de compreender de que forma o paradigma de gênero colabora para a transformação do discurso jurídico. Em seguida, será exposta a trajetória das teorias criminológicas, passando pelos caminhos das teorias demonológicas até as feministas, com a finalidade de investigar as diversas abordagens da criminalidade feminina. Por fim, a partir da análise de processos criminais que tramitaram perante o Superior Tribunal de Justiça e abordaram o crime de tráfico de drogas para dentro dos presídios, serão investigados concretamente os diferentes aspectos que as questões de gênero podem relacionar-se com o fenômeno criminal. / In view of the intensification of female incarceration verified on the past decade and the nefarious consequences that follows the imprisonment, the following research will focus on the analysis of the female criminality from a gender perspective, willing to identify the female behavior specificities and reveal how the gender and the following power relations are essentially associated in the framing of the criminal reality. For this purpose, will be taken a historical approach about the concept of gender and its analytical introduction on the legal sciences, in order to understand how the gender paradigm collaborates for the legal discourse transformation. Afterwards, it will be established the criminological theories path, through the demonological theories up to the feminist theories, to investigate the various approaches about feminine criminality. Finally, from the analysis of processes that were processed before the Superior Tribunal de Justiça and addressed drug dealing into prisons, will be investigated truly the different aspects in with gender issues can relate with the criminal phenomenon.

O uso e o tráfico de drogas, associados à violência, constituem-se numa das questões mais emblemáticas da sociedade contemporânea. Por acreditar na necessidade de realizar investigações e reflexões sobre este problema, visando subsidiar programas de promoção de saúde e cidadania através de um novo enfoque, realizei o presente estudo com os seguintes objetivos gerais: conhecer, sob o ponto de vista dos agentes participantes, as percepções e concepções relacionadas ao tráfico de drogas na cidade de Ribeirão Preto e região; e que tem por objetivos específicos, conhecer, sob o ponto de vista dos participantes: 1. as razões que levam as pessoas, principalmente os jovens, a se envolverem com o tráfico de drogas; 2. as percepções e concepções sobre a estrutura e/ou organização do tráfico de drogas, funções dos atores sociais envolvidos, inclusive com relação ao adolescente; 3. as apreciações sobre a violência relacionada ao tráfico de drogas e, em particular, sobre a participação do adolescente na mesma. Foram sujeitos deste estudo sete homens, com idades entre 27 e 60 anos, que têm ou já tiveram envolvimento no tráfico de drogas, na cidade de Ribeirão Preto e região. Os participantes foram intencionalmente escolhidos, levando-se em conta sua vinculação significativa com o problema investigado. Procedimento: a entrevista, com roteiro semi-estruturado, foi o principal instrumento para a coleta de dados. Foram realizadas vinte e três sessões de entrevistas individuais, no período de agosto de 2.001 a setembro de 2.002, e julho a agosto de 2.004. Como instrumentos complementares, foram utilizados registros em notas, em Diário de Campo, assim como, de narrativas fortuitas. Análise de dados: os dados obtidos foram analisados através de uma abordagem qualitativa, sob uma perspectiva compreensivista, a qual privilegia o ponto de vista dos agentes sociais envolvidos. O método de análise foi o de conteúdo temático. A análise dos dados mostrou os múltiplos motivos que podem levar alguém a envolverse com o tráfico de drogas, a partir do ponto de vista dos participantes. São razões que podem se dar isolada ou simultaneamente, e que, muitas vezes, se entrelaçam e se interpenetram. Nas concepções sobre a estrutura e a organização do tráfico de drogas, denominado por eles de “movimento”, sobre os atores envolvidos e os papéis desempenhados, recolhi uma variedade extensa de categorias. Elas sugerem que o tráfico de drogas está em constante mutação; é dinâmico, improvisado e repleto de alternativas: fraciona-se, migra, difunde-se, escapa e, ainda, é permeado de símbolos e folclores. As apreciações dos participantes sobre a violência relacionada ao tráfico de drogas e, em particular, à participação do adolescente neste contexto, trouxeram relatos, reflexões e questionamentos sobre as mais diversas representações inseridas na dinâmica do tráfico de drogas. / The use of drugs and the drug dealing, associated with violence, are one of the most worrisome issues of our contemporary society. As a believer in the need of investigating and reflecting about such matters (in order to have subsidized programs which can promote health and citizenship based on a new focus) I have conducted the present study which points out the following: (a) general objectives: to know, from the agents' point of view, the perception and conceptions related to drug dealing in the city of Ribeirão Preto and in its surrounding areas and (b) specific objectives: to know, based on the agents' point of view: 1. the reasons why people, mainly the young ones, get involved with drug dealing; 2. the perception and conceptions on the drug dealing structure and/or its organization, the roles taken by the social actors including the aspect concerned teenagers; 3. considerations on violence related to drug dealing and, in particular, the the participation of teenagers in it. Seven adult men were subjects of this study, their ages ranged from 27 to 60 years old. They either have or had already been involved in drug dealing in the city mentioned above and in its surrounding areas. These participants have been carefully chosen as they played an important role and had an important link with the “problem” under study. Procedure: interviews guided by a semi-structured questionnaire were the main informational tool for the study’s data ollection. Twenty three individual interviews were accomplished from August 2001 and Septemper 2002, and also from July to August 2004. Additional data such as notes in the field diary, as well as fortuitous narratives were written or recorded. Data analysis: the gathered data have been analyzed through a qualitative approach, based on a comprehensivist perspective that grants privilege to the involved social agents' point of view. The method of analysis relies on the thematic content itself. Based on the participants’ opinion, the data analysis has shown the various reasons which can lead a person to get involved in drug dealing. Such reasons can happen as an isolated fact or happen simultaneously; and many times they entangle and interpenetrate into themselves. As to the conception of the drug dealing (referred by them as “movement”) structure and organization, as well as of the actors involved and their respective roles, I have gathered a large amount of categories. They suggest that drug dealing changes constantly; it is dynamic, improvised and full of alternatives: it divides itself, moves to different places, spreads itself, escapes and, also, is surrounded by symbols and histories. The participants’ appreciation on violence related to drug dealing and, in particular, the participation of teenagers have revealed accounts, reflections and questionings ranging from the most diverse representations inserted in the drug dealing dynamics.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-08-09T15:21:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 mairaknupptoledocosta.pdf: 1173441 bytes, checksum: 24c664ad78da1cd0b06b4f79f69f935e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-08-14T17:06:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mairaknupptoledocosta.pdf: 1173441 bytes, checksum: 24c664ad78da1cd0b06b4f79f69f935e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-14T17:06:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mairaknupptoledocosta.pdf: 1173441 bytes, checksum: 24c664ad78da1cd0b06b4f79f69f935e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-20 / No presente trabalho, o sistema prisional brasileiro foi situado historicamente como pano de fundo para a discussão sobre jogos de poder, em uma perspectiva que enxerga a prisão enquanto dispositivo disciplinar na atuação para com a criminalidade, o tráfico de drogas e o aprisionamento feminino. Tratou-se de problematizar a construção social do sujeito feminino, a partir da análise das categorias gênero e sexo, assim como a criminalidade feminina enquanto possibilidade de agenciamento frente à subalternidade. Traçou-se um percurso histórico que buscou compreender o processo de aprisionamento de mulheres e os jogos de poder que produzem e fabricam os corpos e determinam os comportamentos que serão punidos. Foram analisadas as questões de gênero ligadas ao corpo e aos marcadores históricos que permitiram à mulher a apropriação de si, partindo da hipótese de que as mulheres possuem autonomia e buscam condições de existência através do agenciamento de seus corpos e vidas. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com mulheres presas pelo crime de tráfico de drogas, especificamente aquelas que utilizaram seus corpos para o transporte de drogas para dentro do sistema prisional. A partir da Análise do Discurso foucaultiana, buscou-se identificar condições de abjeção ou de agenciamento dos corpos dessas mulheres, analisar práticas de cuidado de si, descrever enunciados de gênero e compreender as circunstâncias do envolvimento destas mulheres com o crime cometido. Como técnicas de produção de dados, foram utilizadas entrevistas exploratórias, análise documental, notas em diário de campo e observação participante. A pesquisadora, por ser psicóloga da penitenciária em que se realizou a pesquisa, pôde observar esse fenômeno e suas nuances a partir da imersão no campo, de inspiração etnográfica. Como resultados da pesquisa concluiu-se que tal fenômeno, o uso do corpo para o cometimento do crime, revelou-se a partir da fala de cada mulher participante da pesquisa contendo nuances que demarcam posições de abjeção e agenciamento de si, em práticas de existências ancoradas nas experiências vividas e nas marcas que trazem nos próprios corpos. / In this research, the Brazilian prison system has been historically situated as a background to the discussion about power dispute, in a perspective that understand prison as a disciplinary dispositive in relation to criminality, the drug dealing and women imprisonment. It deal with the social construction of female subject, from the analysis of genders category, as well as female criminality while possibility of agency compared to subalternity. In addition, It have traced a historical route that tried to perceive women imprisonment process and the power games that produces the bodies and behaviors that will be punished. Gender issues related to body and the historical marks that allowed women to take possession of themselves was analyzed starting from the hypothesis that women have autonomy and look for living conditions through agency of their bodies and lives. In this way, this research was developed with women arrested because of drug dealing, especially those one that used their bodies to bring drugs inside prison. Starting from the Foucault's Discourse Analysis, it have identified the conditions of abjection of their bodies, analyses practices of care the self, describe gender statements and understand the circumstances of involvement of these women with crime. As database production techniques, exploration interviews, documental analysis, field diary were used. The researcher, psychologist of the prison that the research was made, observed this phenom and its nuances from the field immersion, of ethnographic inspiration. This research concluded that this phenom, the body use to commit crimes, revealed itself from the speech of each women that contributed with this inquiry, containing nuances that demarcate positions of abjection and self-agency in practices of existence anchored in lived experiences and the marks that they bring on their bodies.