The thesis is dealing with the older workers in the labour market. The aim of this thesis is to analyse and evaluate the situation of the older workers in the labour market in the Czech Republic, especially in the years 2000 and 2005-2015, or even in 2015, with the focus on the indicators of the labour market, on the position of the older workers in this market according to selected aspects, and on the instruments affecting and encouraging these workers in the labour market. The thesis consists of the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part defines the problem of the demographic aging population, because this process is one of the reasons, why it is necessary to pay attention to the older workers in the labour market. This theoretical part is also dealing with the employment, unemployment, employment policy and strategic documents in relation to the older workers. The practical part begins with the demographic development in the Czech Republic, the following chapters are dealing with the analysis of the labour market indicators, instruments to support the older workers in the labour market and the comparison of the Czech Republic and EU states.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GER - Maria Dusolina R C Pereira.pdf: 439433 bytes, checksum: 7303ad6316c16eff616b4e0b8f3e37ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-10 / This work has the objective of investigating the role of the ANS (National Agency of Supplemental Health) as agent of regulation of health assistance for elderly users, by private health plans. The theme becomes especially important due to demographical transition, increase of life expectancy and diseases related to aging process, mainly Non-Transmitted Chronic Diseases (DCNT). Supplemental Health has always been an area with great conflicts among health plans operators, service renders and users. The 9656/98 law (the regulating landmark of this system), the ANS creation (National Agency of Supplemental Health), as regulating agent, the By Laws for the elderly, with the Consumer Defense Code, only intensify the controversy. The dissertation discusses the necessity of thinking of Supplemental Health in medium and long terms. This necessity is connected to the urging of prevention and promotion of health which is as important and urgent as curing diseases, for better life quality for users, financial health and longevity for health plans operators, minimizing the return of this population to SUS (Public Health Care System). It is claimed that ANS has the role of being an instrument in the solution of this difficult equation / Este trabalho teve por objetivo a Investigação do papel da ANS Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar - como agente de regulação e regulamentação de assistência à saúde dos usuários idosos, pelas operadoras de planos privados de saúde. O tema se torna particularmente importante em razão da transição demográfica, do aumento na expectativa de vida e das doenças inerentes ao processo de envelhecimento, principalmente as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis DCNT. A Saúde Suplementar sempre foi uma área de grandes conflitos entre operadoras de planos de saúde, prestadores de serviços e usuários. A Lei 9656/98 (o marco regulatório desse Sistema), a criação da ANS (Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar) como agente regulador e regulamentador, o Estatuto do Idoso, juntamente com o Código de Defesa do Consumidor, só intensificaram a polêmica. A Dissertação discute a necessidade de se pensar na Saúde Suplementar a médio e longo prazo; necessidade ligada à imperiosidade de a prevenção e da promoção à saúde serem tão importantes e urgentes quanto curar doenças, para melhor qualidade de vida para os usuários, saúde financeira e longevidade para as operadoras de planos de saúde, minimizando o retorno dessa população para o SUS. Postula-se que cabe, à ANS, o papel de instrumento na resolução dessa difícil equação

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-30 / Introducao: O envelhecimento bem sucedido e considerado o novo paradigma da gerontologia. A aptidao funcional e imprescindivel ao modelo de envelhecimento bem sucedido. Objetivo: Investigar as condicoes socioeconomicas e de saude e a relacao entre a aptidao funcional pelo American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) e o envelhecimento bem sucedido em idosas inscritas no Programa Saude da Familia, em Maceio, entre 2008 e 2009. Metodo: O estudo aconteceu em Unidades Basicas de Saude com o Programa Saude da Familia, entre julho de 2008 e fevereiro de 2009. A populacao foi constituida por uma amostra aleatoria de mulheres com idades entre 60 ate 79 anos, inscritas no Programa Saude da Familia de Maceio. As variaveis estudadas foram: socioeconomicas, percepcao da saude, flexibilidade, agilidade e equilibrio dinamico e coordenacao (AAHPERD); morbidades autorreferidas, estado nutricional (indice de massa corporal e circunferencia da cintura); depressao (escala de depressao geriatrica .GDS- com 30 itens); nivel de aptidao fisica (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ) e capacidade funcional (escala de Lawton). O tratamento de dados deu-se por estatistica descritiva, teste Qui-Quadrado, teste Exato de Fisher, teste t nao pareado de Student, coeficiente de correlacao gr h de Pearson, sendo considerados com nivel de significancia os valores de p<0,05. Resultados: Foram estudadas 268 idosas, com media de 66,68 anos de idade (DP+/-5,77). Houve maior proporcao de idosas na faixa de 60-69 anos (70,5%). Das comorbidades, a hipertensao arterial foi a mais prevalente (84,0%), seguida por artrite/reumatismo/artrose (56,7%) e diabetes mellitus (31,3%). Tinham sintomas de depressao leve ou moderada (escala de depressao geriatrica.11) 41,0%, foram classificadas com dependencia funcional 12,7% e foram consideradas sedentarias ou insuficientemente ativas 50,7% das idosas. Nos testes da AAHPERD tiveram avaliacao boa/muito boa em relacao a flexibilidade 76,1% da amostra, agilidade e equilibrio dinamico 34,7% e coordenacao 6,0%. Registrou-se 30,6% da amostra com aptidao funcional boa/muito boa. A aptidao funcional correlacionou-se com idade, anos de estudo, capacidade funcional e nivel de atividade fisica. Foram consideradas com envelhecimento bem sucedido 16,4% das idosas. A associacao entre ter envelhecimento bem sucedido e ausencia de hipertensao, diabetes, doencas do coracao e artrite/reumatismo/artrose foi significante. Conclusao: As idosas estudadas possuiam baixa escolaridade, baixa renda, com percepcao de saude regular a ruim. Houve elevado numero de morbidades autorreferidas, sendo a hipertensao arterial, artrite/reumatismo/artrose e diabetes mellitus as mais frequentes. Os componentes da aptidao funcional estudados correlacionaram-se com idade, escolaridade, capacidade funcional e nivel de atividade fisica e podem servir como parametro de avaliacao e seguimento na promocao do envelhecimento bem sucedido. / Introduction: The successful aging is considered the new gerontology paradigm. The functional fitness is imperative to the successful aging. Objective: investigate the socioeconomic and health conditions and the relation between the functional fitness by American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) and successful aging in elderly female registered in the Family Health Program of Maceio, from 2008 to 2009. Method: The study took place in Primary Care Settings with Family Health Program, from July, 2008 to February, 2009. The population was a random sample of women from 60 until 79 years-old, registered in the Family Health Program of Maceio. The variables studied were: socioeconomic and health perception conditions, flexibility, agility and balance, coordination (AAHPERD), self-referred morbidities, nutritional status (body mass index and waist circumference); depression (geriatric depression scale-30); international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and functional capacity (Lawton scale). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, qui-Square test, Fisher fs exact test, non-pared t-test, correlation coefficient of Pearson, being considered of significant level the values of p<0.05. Results: 268 elderly women were analyzed with a mean of 66.68 years (DP+/-5.77). There were a higher proportion of women from 60 to 69 years (70.5%). Hypertension was more prevalent (84%), followed by arthritis/rheumatism/artrosis (56.7%) and diabetes (31.3%). Of the women, 41% have mild to moderate depression (Geriatric Depression Scale.11), 12.7% were classified with functional dependency and 50.7% were considered as sedentary or insufficiently actives. In the AAHPERD tests, 76.1% had good/very good evaluation related to flexibility, 34.7% for agility and dynamic balance and 6% for coordination. Of the sample, 30.6% were shown with good/very good functional fitness. This functional fitness was correlated to age, years of education, functional capacity and physical activity. 16.4% of the sample was considered for the successful aging model. The association among successful aging and lack of hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases and arthritis/rheumatism/artrosis were significant. Conclusion: The evaluated elderly female had low educational level, low income and had a regular to bad perception of health. There was a high level of self-referred morbidities, being the hypertension, arthritis/rheumatism/artrosis and diabetes as more frequent. The functional fitness measured by AAHPERD were related to age, educational level, functional capacity and level of physical activity and may work as a evaluation parameter and follow-up for successful aging. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:48:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3421.pdf: 2433005 bytes, checksum: d9e12b445c314a19522f2ea851829937 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-17 / The objective of this research was to study the social representations of members of the Family Health Teams over the abuse of alcohol by the elderly. We tried to analyze, understand and interpret the ideas, perceptions and concepts reported by participants that can be mobilized towards this population. The study was to survey the field of health units from the city of Araras (São Paulo, Brazil). In constructing this work, we rely on the participation, as respondents, fifteen members of the Family Health Teams from different backgrounds (nurses, auxiliaries and nursing technicians, community health workers, dentist and doctor). This is a qualitative study, in which methodological approach we used semi-structured interviews, whose contents were analyzed according to pronouncements emerging from the oral testimony, we, therefore, the technique of discourse analysis, included within the scope of the analysis method content. The results were interpreted according to the theory of social representations, grouped in three categories: social representations of aging, alcohol use in general and, finally, the abuse of alcohol by the elderly. The elderly, in general, were portrayed as fragile, with most disease processes, which would be increased with the use of alcohol. This emphasis seems strongly rooted in the biomedical model. The elderly who constitute abuse of alcohol would be a hidden population for the group of respondents, who seem to be considered from the standpoint instrumented semiological and therapeutic for his actions on these patients. These actions end up being, to indicate that statements, based mainly on knowledge of common sense. We identified a positive attitudinal predisposition to attend to the elderly, an element that can also help guide the strategies for continuing professional education relating to elderly care that makes the abuse of alcohol. / O objetivo deste trabalho investigativo foi estudar as representações sociais de membros de Equipes de Saúde da Família sobre o uso problemático de álcool por idosos. Procuramos analisar, compreender e interpretar as ideias, as percepções e os conceitos relatados pelos participantes que podem ser mobilizados frente a esta população. O estudo teve como campo de pesquisa as Unidades de Saúde da Família do município de Araras (SP, Brasil). Na construção desse trabalho, contamos com a participação, como entrevistados, de quinze membros das Equipes de Saúde da Família de diferentes formações (enfermeiros, auxiliar e técnico de enfermagem, agentes comunitários de saúde, odontólogo e médico). Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, em cujo percurso metodológico utilizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas, cujos conteúdos foram analisados quanto às enunciações emergidas dos depoimentos orais; seguimos, portanto, a técnica da análise de enunciação, inserida dentro do escopo do método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram interpretados de acordo com a teoria das representações sociais, reunidos em três grandes categorias: representações sociais do envelhecimento; do uso de álcool de uma forma geral e, por último, do uso problemático de álcool por idosos. Os idosos, de modo geral, foram representados como frágeis, com mais processos patológicos, que seriam aumentados com o uso de álcool. Esta ênfase parece ancorada fortemente no modelo biomédico. Os idosos que fazem uso problemático de álcool constituir-se-iam numa população oculta para o grupo de entrevistados, que não parecem considerar-se instrumentados do ponto de vista semiológico e terapêutico para suas ações diante desses pacientes. Essas ações terminam por ser, ao que os enunciados indicam, baseadas preponderantemente em conhecimentos do senso comum. Foi identificada uma predisposição atitudinal positiva para atender os idosos, elemento que também pode ajudar a nortear as estratégias de educação profissional continuada relativas ao cuidado do idoso que faz uso problemático de álcool.

While we are witnessing an acceleration of the phenomenon of demographic aging in Canada, a spectacular increase in the participation rate of the elderly has been felt since the end of the 1990s. Several factors may be at the origin of this increase, but few studies really focus on empirically verifying these. It is in this register that this research is focused. In fact, in 2012, the government of Quebec implemented a tax initiative dedicated to the maintenance and return to the labor market of the elderly, namely the “Tax credit for experienced workers”, today. renamed as the “Tax Credit for career extension”. However, to date, no study has been carried out on the effectiveness of this Quebec tax measure in which the government has spent nearly $ 700 million and is preparing to spend more in the coming years. Testing the effect of this incentive policy for experienced workers will therefore be the main objective of this research. In order to meet this objective, we performed multivariate regression analyzes using a statistical model developed from our review of the literature on labor force participation rates of people aged 55 and over. Our sample consists of 360 data or 36 observations (one for each of the years covering the period 1983 to 2018) for each of the 10 provinces of Canada. For the purposes of our analyzes, we selected the participation rate of those aged 55 and over as the dependent variable as well as a realistic selection of 10 independent variables divisible into three categories, i.e., trend and non-trend structural variables (term linear trend, squared trend term and set of 9 provincial dichotomies), economic variables (unemployment rate, interest rate and average weekly earnings) and public policy variables (income tax benefit work, incentive nature within pension schemes and tax credit for experienced workers). Our results show that the Quebec incentive, the tax credit for career extension, did not have the expected effects on workers aged 55 and over, while particularly noticeable changes are observable for this age group. It seems that the good performance of the economic situation is sufficient to explain a good part of the behavior of the participation rates of people aged 55 and over in Quebec. These results are sufficient to encourage further evaluation of the tax credit program, as well as all current and future incentive policies put in place by governments. / Alors que nous assistons à une accélération du phénomène du vieillissement démographique au Canada, une remontée spectaculaire du taux d’activité des personnes âgées se fait sentir depuis la fin des années 1990. Plusieurs facteurs peuvent être à l’origine de cette hausse, mais peu d’études se concentrent réellement sur la vérification empirique de ceux-ci. C’est d’ailleurs dans ce registre que se concentre cette recherche. En effet, en 2012, le gouvernement du Québec s’est vu mettre en place une initiative fiscale explicitement dédiée au maintien et au retour sur le marché du travail des personnes âgées, soit le crédit d’impôt pour les travailleurs expérimentés, aujourd’hui renommée sous le nom de « crédit d’impôt pour le prolongement de carrière ». Or, à ce jour, aucune étude n’a été réalisée sur l’efficacité de cette mesure fiscale québécoise dans laquelle le gouvernement a dépensé près de 700 millions de dollars et s’apprête à en dépenser davantage dans les prochaines années. Tester l’effet de cette politique d’incitation pour les travailleurs expérimentés sera donc l’objectif principal de cette recherche. Afin de répondre à cet objectif, nous avons réalisé des analyses de régression multivariée à l’aide d’un modèle statistique développé à partir de notre recension des écrits sur les taux d’activité des personnes âgées de 55 ans et plus. Notre échantillon se compose de 360 données, soit 36 observations (une pour chacune des années couvrant la période de 1983 à 2018) pour chacune des 10 provinces du Canada. Pour les fins de nos analyses, nous avons choisi le taux d’activité des 55 ans et plus à titre de variable dépendante ainsi qu’une sélection réaliste de 10 variables indépendantes divisibles en trois catégories, soit des variables structurelles tendancielles et non tendancielles (terme de tendance linéaire, terme de tendance au carré et ensemble de 9 dichotomiques provinciales), des variables économiques (taux de chômage, taux d’intérêt et rémunération hebdomadaire moyenne) et des variables de politiques publiques (prime au travail, prestation fiscale pour revenu de travail, caractère incitatif à l’intérieur des régimes de pensions et crédit d’impôt pour les travailleurs expérimentés). Nos résultats démontrent d’ailleurs que l’incitative québécoise, soit le crédit d’impôt pour le prolongement de carrière n’a pas eu les effets escomptés sur les travailleurs âgés de 55 ans et plus, alors que des changements particulièrement marquant sont observables pour ce groupe d’âge. Il semble que la bonne tenue de la conjoncture économique soit suffisante afin d’expliquer une bonne part des comportements des taux d’activité des 55 ans et plus au Québec. Ces résultats sont suffisants afin d’inciter à la poursuite de l’évaluation du programme de crédit d’impôt, de même que l’ensemble des politiques d’incitation actuelles et futures mises en place par les gouvernements.

O presente estudo examina as relações entre autocuidado e envelhecimento, nas narrativas de idosos favelados da cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo no qual se investigou as formas de autocuidado adotadas pelos entrevistados, com ênfase na relação com os serviços de saúde. Defende-se que o autocuidado não pode ser compreendido como simples adoção de saberes técnicos para a promoção da saúde, mas como uma atitude prática, relacionada à experiência de envelhecer, às condições de vida e às interações familiar e comunitária. Propõe-se a necessidade de resistir à tendência de responsabilização individual do idoso pela sua saúde, freqüentemente associada às propostas de autocuidado. / This study examines, in narratives, the relationships between self-care and aging for elderly who live in a slum of Sao Paulo city. It is a qualitative research which analysis self-care strategies, undertaken by the interviewed, emphasizing the ir relationship with health care services. The analysis supports that self-care can not be understood as a plain adoption of technical skills in order to promote health but as a practical behavior related to aging experience, life conditions, family and community interactions. The study proposes that it?s necessary to avoid take elderly as the main responsible in other to promote their own health, what is often related to self-care strategies.

Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009 / INTRODUÇÃO: O processo de transição demográfica vivenciado no Brasil apresenta características particulares. Grande parte da população idosa tem baixo nível socioeconômico e educacional, e devido à alta prevalência de doenças crônicas causadoras de limitações funcionais e de incapacidades, tornam-se dependentes. Este fato gera uma demanda importante com custos elevados para o sistema de saúde, com medicamentos, internações, sejam hospitalares ou em instituições de longa permanência para idosos (ILPI). O maior desafio na atenção à pessoa idosa é conseguir que, apesar das progressivas limitações, ela possa viver com a melhor qualidade possível, de maneira independente, junto da família ou ainda nas ILPI. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as condições de funcionamento das ILPI no Estado de Alagoas, procurando saber se estão adequadas ou não para o atendimento a idosos. Pretendemos contribuir com o fortalecimento dos sistemas de monitoramento, avaliação e institucionalização das ações avaliativas a fim de garantir o cumprimento da legislação vigente pelas ILPI. METODOLOGIA: Caracteriza-se por um estudo de casos, a partir de dados secundários obtidos por meio da análise dos roteiros das inspeções sanitárias efetuadas nos anos de 2007 e 2008 pela Vigilância Sanitária Estadual e dos Municípios. O objeto de estudo é constituído por dezessete ILPI situadas no Estado de Alagoas. RESULTADOS: A maioria das ILPI analisadas representava, no momento da inspeção, alto ou médio risco para saúde do idoso, não alcançando os padrões mínimos necessários para o seu funcionamento e não oferecendo, portanto, uma assistência adequada à saúde do idoso institucionalizado. / INTRODUCTION: The process of demographic transition experienced in Brazil presents particular characteristics. Much of the population has low educational and socioeconomic level, and due to the high prevalence of chronic diseases that cause of functional limitations and disabilities, they become dependent. This fact engenders an important demand with high costs for the health system, with medicines, hospital admissions, or is in Homes for the Aged (ILPI). The biggest challenge in the care of the elderly person is that, despite the progressive constraints, she can live with the best quality possible, of an independent way, with the family or in ILPI. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the operating conditions of the ILPI in the state of Alagoas, seeking whether or not they are adequate to meet the elderly. We want to contribute to the strengthening of systems for monitoring, evaluation and institutionalization of evaluation activities to ensure compliance with current legislation by ILPI. METHODOLOGY: It is characterized by a case study from secondary data obtained from analysis of the roadmaps of health inspections conducted in the years 2007 and 2008 by the Health Surveillance State and the Municipalities. The object of study is composed of seventeen ILPI located in the State of Alagoas. RESULTS: Most ILPI was analyzed at the time of inspection, high or medium risk to health of the elderly, not reaching the minimum standards required for its operation and not offering therefore an adequate health care for the institutionalized elderly.

O presente estudo examina as relações entre autocuidado e envelhecimento, nas narrativas de idosos favelados da cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo no qual se investigou as formas de autocuidado adotadas pelos entrevistados, com ênfase na relação com os serviços de saúde. Defende-se que o autocuidado não pode ser compreendido como simples adoção de saberes técnicos para a promoção da saúde, mas como uma atitude prática, relacionada à experiência de envelhecer, às condições de vida e às interações familiar e comunitária. Propõe-se a necessidade de resistir à tendência de responsabilização individual do idoso pela sua saúde, freqüentemente associada às propostas de autocuidado. / This study examines, in narratives, the relationships between self-care and aging for elderly who live in a slum of Sao Paulo city. It is a qualitative research which analysis self-care strategies, undertaken by the interviewed, emphasizing the ir relationship with health care services. The analysis supports that self-care can not be understood as a plain adoption of technical skills in order to promote health but as a practical behavior related to aging experience, life conditions, family and community interactions. The study proposes that it?s necessary to avoid take elderly as the main responsible in other to promote their own health, what is often related to self-care strategies.

Population development in Sweden since 1960 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the population development in Sweden between 1960 and 2018. The main goal of this work is to evaluate in the context of selected demographic characteristics the course of demographic changes that appeared in the country after 1960. The result is changes in the level of demographic reproduction, which are referred to as the second demographic transition. From the 1960s to the present, Sweden has seen an increase in the average age at first marriage, an increase in the average age of the mother giving birth and an increase in the number of divorces. During the observed period, the Swedish population aged, the share of the pre-productive component of the population decreased, while the share of the post-productive component in the population increased. The development of total fertility in Sweden is often compared to a roller coaster due to its specific fluctuation. From 1960 to 2018, Sweden saw a decline in mortality rates, especially in the older age groups and up to one year of age, which was reflected in the values of life expectancy at birth that grew for both men and women. Sweden is inspiring for other European countries with its gender-neutral family and social policy. Keywords: population development, Sweden, second...