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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Hur mycket kunskaper om HLR till barn har tandläkarstudenter i Sverige? / How Much Knowledge About CPR in Children Do Dental Students Have in Sweden?

Lafe, Raghad Ahmad, kousa, Rahaf January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund: Incidensen av hjärtstillestånd i Sverige uppskattas till 5000 fall varje år. Barn drabbas också av hjärtstopp hos tandläkare, därför är det viktigt att tandläkare har kunskap inom HLR till barn för att öka chansen för överlevnad. Syfte: Att ta reda på hur mycket kunskap tandläkarstudenter på tandläkarutbildningar i Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö har om HLR till barn och att undersöka om tandläkarstudenterna behöver ytterligare utbildning i HLR till barn för att säkerställa kunskaper inom området. Material & Metod: Webbaserad enkätstudie där tandläkarstudenter på sista terminen på utbildningsorterna; Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö tillfrågades om deltagande och att besvara 20 frågor om hantering och kunskaper gällande barn-HLR. Resultat: Totalt tillfrågades 263 tandläkarstudenter från Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö, och 90 personer av dessa svarade 34,2 %. Av alla tandläkarstudenter uppvisade 31,1 % korrekt kunskap i alla steg att kunna utföra HLR i rätt ordning, som bröstkompressioner samt skapandet av fria luftvägar. Av Göteborgs tandläkarstudenter uppvisade 54,5 % rätt kunskap medan motsvarande siffror för Malmö och Stockholm var 23,8 % respektive 23,1 %. Av de svarande önskade 85,6 % mer information om att hantera en situation vid hjärtstopp av barn.  Slutsats: Fler studier med ett större antal deltagare behövs för att kunna kartlägga kunskapen hos tandläkarstudenter om akut hantering och omhändertagande av situationen vid hjärtstopp och andningsstopp hos barn. Genom framtida samarbete mellan tandläkarutbildningar så kan flera möjligheter erbjudas till studenter för att uppnå högre kunskapsnivå. Det kan även finnas ett behov att erbjuda HLR-utbildning för att öka kunskapen i samhället. / Background: The incidence of cardiac arrest in Sweden is estimated to be 5,000 cases per year.  Cardiac arrest also happens at the dentist, therefore it is important that dentists have knowledge in CPR for children. The aim: To investigate how much knowledge dental students in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö have about CPR for children and investigate whether students need additional training. Material & Method: Web-based survey where dental students in their last semester in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö, were asked to participate in answering 20 questions about  children-CPR. Results: A total of 263 dental students from Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö, and 90 of them responded 34.2%. Of all dental students, 31.1% demonstrated correct knowledge in all stages to be able to perform CPR in the correct sequence, such as chest compressions and the creation of free airways. Of Gothenburg's dental students, 54.5% demonstrated the correct knowledge, while the corresponding figures for Malmö and Stockholm were 23.8% and 23.1% respectively. Of the respondents, 85.6% wanted more information about handling a situation in the event of cardiac arrest in children. Conclusion: More studies with a larger number of participants are needed to be able to assess the level of knowledge of dental students about emergency management of situations of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest. Through future collaboration, several opportunities can be offered to students to achieve a higher level of knowledge. There may also be a need to offer CPR training at both adult and child level.
42

Nivel de conocimientos y actitudes sobre normas de bioseguridad en radiología oral en estudiantes de una universidad, Chiclayo, 2023

Hernandez Calderon, Cinthya Karen January 2024 (has links)
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el nivel de conocimiento y actitudes sobre normas de bioseguridad en radiología oral en estudiantes de una universidad, Chiclayo, 2023. El estudio fue descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal. La población del estudio fue de 101estudiantes, con 36 varones y 65 mujeres. Se incluyeron estudiantes matriculados en el semestre 2023-I, en la escuela de odontología, de ambos sexos, mayores de 18 años, que aceptaron participar en el estudio, se excluyeron a aquellos que no contestaron en forma correcta o completa el cuestionario. El cuestionario utilizado contiene dos dimensiones como son conocimiento y actitud sobre normas de bioseguridad en radiología oral, cada una con 10 preguntas y cuenta con adecuadas características de validez y confiabilidad. En el estudio se obtuvo que el 66.3% de los estudiantes alcanzaron un nivel medio de conocimiento y en actitud se reportó un 83.2% desfavorable. Asimismo, se encontró significancia estadística al asociar conocimiento y actitud sobre normas de bioseguridad en radiología en los estudiantes (p=0.002). Los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva y con la prueba Chi Cuadrado. Se concluyó que existe relación entre conocimiento y actitud sobre normas de bioseguridad en radiología oral en estudiantes de odontología, por otro lado, el nivel de conocimiento fue medio y en actitud fue desfavorable. / The objective of the study was to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes about biosafety standards in oral radiology in students at a university, Chiclayo, 2023. The study was descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional. The study population was 101 students, with 36 men and 65 women. Students enrolled in the 2023-I semester, in the dental school, of both sexes, over 18 years of age, who agreed to participate in the study, were included. Those who did not answer the questionnaire correctly or completely were excluded. The questionnaire used contains two dimensions such as knowledge and attitude regarding biosafety standards in oral radiology, each with 10 questions and has adequate validity and reliability characteristics. In the study, it was found that 66.3% of the students reached a medium level of knowledge and 83.2% reported an unfavorable attitude. Likewise, statistical significance was found when associating knowledge and attitude about biosafety standards in radiology in students (p=0.002). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the Chi Square test. It was concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge and attitude regarding biosafety standards in oral radiology in dental students; on the other hand, the level of knowledge was medium and the attitude was unfavorable.
43

Aligning the clinical assessment practices with the assessment practices

Maart, Ronel 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Removable Prosthetic Dentistry (PRO400) is a fourth year module of the undergraduate dentistry programme which consists of a large clinical component. After reviewing relevant literature and conducting module evaluations, clinical tests were introduced and implemented in 2008 as an additional clinical assessment method. The intention of introducing the clinical tests was an attempt to ensure that students were assessed fairly, that their theoretical knowledge and the ability to apply it clinically were properly assessed, and to provide feedback on their clinical performance. The purpose of this concurrent mixed methods study was to compare the relationship between the students‟ performance in the clinical tests and daily clinical grades with their theoretical performance in the PRO400 module. The second part of the study explored the academic staff s‟ perceptions of the clinical test as clinical assessment tool in the PRO400 module. The case study design enabled the researcher to explore the question at hand in considerable depth. The mixed methods approach was useful to capture the best of both the qualitative and quantitative approaches. For the quantitative data-collection, record reviews of the results of fourth-year dental students‟ who completed the PRO400 module at the end of 2007 were used, and included 110 students. For the qualitative component three full-time lecturers within the Prosthetic department were interviewed. The clinical test marks and clinical session marks of all the students (n=109) in PRO400 were compared to their theory mark of that year. The tests marks were entered into a spreadsheet in Microsoft Excel and the data analysis was done with the assistance of a statistician. The analytical abstraction method was used to assist with the qualitative data analysis; first the basic level of analysis was done in the narrative form, followed by second higher level of data analysis. The basic and higher levels of analysis were discussed under the following themes: clinical tests, student performances, alignment of theory and clinical assessment and personal influence on supervisors‟ assessment practices and attitude. Role-taking and the supervisors‟ perceptions and concerns regarding the students were explored as emergent themes. The quantitative findings were displayed using tables and graphs. Forty five students. clinical marks were 10% higher than their theory mark, while only 8 students. theory marks were 10% higher than their clinical test mark. There appeared to be hardly any relationship between the students. clinical daily grade assessment marks and their theory marks. The average theory mark was 47%, the average clinical test marks were 55% and the average daily clinical grade was 63%. Integration of the data obtained from the different data collection methods was done at the level of data interpretation. The clinical test as an assessment tool is well accepted by the supervisors and they agreed that it is more reliable and accurate than the clinical daily grade assessment method. The quantitative findings relate well to other reported studies that concluded that the daily grade was poorly correlated with the competency exams (a similar phenomenon in the clinical test of the PRO400 module). From the findings of this study it appeared that there is a better correlation of the clinical test mark and the theory mark, than clinical daily mark and the theory mark. This finding related well with the lecturers. views that the clinical tests were more reliable as a clinical assessment tool than the daily clinical mark. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: "Removable Prosthetic Dentistry (PRO400)" is 'n vierdejaar-module in die voorgraadse tandheelkundeprogram wat 'n groot kliniese komponent bevat. Na 'n oorsig gedoen is van die relevante literatuur, en nadat die module-evaluering afgehandel is, is kliniese toetse in 2008 ingevoer en geimplementeer as 'n bykomende metode van kliniese assessering. Die kliniese toetse is ingestel in 'n poging om te verseker dat studente se teoretiese kennis en hul vermoe om dit klinies toe te pas op . regverdige wyse geassesseer word en om terugvoer te kan gee oor die studente se kliniese prestasie. Die doel van hierdie studie, waarin gelyktydige gemengde metodes gebruik is, was om die verband tussen die studente se prestasie in die kliniese toetse, asook hul daaglikse kliniese punte en hul teoretiese prestasie in die PRO400-module vas te stel. Die tweede deel van die studie het ondersoek ingestel na die akademiese personeel se persepsies van die kliniese toets as 'n instrument vir kliniese assessering in die PRO400-module. 'n Dwarssnit-gevallestudie-ontwerp is gebruik en 'n gemengdemetode-benadering was nuttig om sowel kwalitatiewe as kwantitatiewe data in te samel. Vir die kwantitatiewe data-insamelingverslae is die uitslae van 109 vierdejaar-tandeheelkundestudente in die PRO400-module aan die einde van 2007 gebruik. Vir die kwalitatiewe data-insameling is onderhoude gevoer met drie voltydse dosente in die Prostetiese Tandheelkunde-departement. Die kliniese toetspunte en die kliniese sessiepunte van al die studente (n=109) in die PRO400-module is met hul teoriepunte van daardie jaar vergelyk. Die toetspunte is op 'n sigblad in Microsoft Excel ingevoer en die data-analise is met die hulp van 'n statistikus gedoen. Die analitiese abstraksiemetode is vir die analise van die kwalitatiewe data gebruik. Die basiese vlak van data-analise in die narratiewe vorm is eerste gedoen. Dit is gevolg deur 'n tweede, hoervlak-data-analise. Die basiese en hoer vlakke van analise is onder die volgende temas bespreek: kliniese toetse, studenteprestasie, ooreenstemming van teorie en kliniese assessering, en persoonlike invloed op studieleiers se assesseringspraktyke en houding. Rol-aanneming en die studieleiers se persepsies, asook kwessies rakende die studente is as ontluikende temas ondersoek. Die resultate van hierdie studie het aangetoon dat die kliniese punte van 45 studente 10% hoër was as hul teoriepunte, en dat slegs agt studente se teoriepunte 10% hoër as hul kliniese toetspunte was. Dit het geblyk dat daar feitlik geen verband was tussen die studente se kliniese daaglikse assesseringspunte en hul teoriepunte nie. Die gemiddelde teoriepunt was 47%, die gemiddelde kliniese toetspunt was 55% en die gemiddelde daaglikse kliniese punt was 63%. Al die studieleiers het die kliniese toets as assesseringsinstrument goed aanvaar en hulle het saamgestem dat dit meer betroubaar en akkuraat is as die daaglikse kliniese assesseringsmetode. Die kwantitatiewe bevindings hou goed verband met dié van soortgelyke studies waarin daar bevind is dat die daaglikse prestasie swak gekorreleer het met die bevoegdheidseksamen (ʼn soortgelyke beginsel as die kliniese toets van die Pro400). Dit het ook uit die bevindings van hierdie navorsing geblyk dat daar ʼn beter korrelasie is tussen die kliniese toetspunt en die teoriepunt as tussen die daaglikse kliniese punt en die teoriepunt. Hierdie bevinding het ʼn duidelike verband getoon met die dosente se siening dat die kliniese toetse as ʼn kliniese assesseringsinstrument meer betroubaar is as die daaglikse kliniese punt in die PRO400-module in die Tandheelkunde-program.
44

Pratique dentaire en milieu rural : perspectives des étudiants en médecine dentaire du Québec

Sharifian, Nastaran 03 1900 (has links)
Introduction: La répartition de la main-d'oeuvre dentaire à travers le Canada est fortement balancée en faveur des zones urbaines, une situation qui favorise les disparités dans l'accès aux soins de santé buccodentaire. En engageant des professionnels de la santé buccodentaire dans la pratique dentaire en milieu rural, il faut d’abord comprendre leurs opinions personnelles et professionnelles, ainsi que les obstacles et les facteurs motivant leur choix de pratique. Cependant, il existe un manque des connaissances sur la perception des étudiants de soins de santé buccodentaire à l'égard de la pratique rurale. Par conséquent, nous avons voulu vérifier comment les étudiantes en médecine dentaire perçoivent la pratique dentaire en milieu rural. Méthodes: Nous avons effectué une recherche qualitative dans deux grandes facultés de médecine dentaire au Québec. Un échantillonnage intentionnel et la technique boule de neige ont été utilisé pour recruter des étudiants finissants et des résidents en médecine dentaire en tant que participants à l'étude. Des enregistrements sonores des entrevues, d’une durée de 60 à 90 minutes, semi-structurées et face à face ont été colligés jusqu’à atteinte de la saturation. Nous avons procédé à une analyse thématique pour dégager les enjeux. Cela a inclus un compte-rendu des entrevues, l’encodage des transcriptions, la présentation des données et leur interprétation. Résultats: Dix-sept entretiens (10 F et 7 M, âge: 22 à 39) ont été réalisées. Cinq grands thèmes ont émergé des entrevues: niveau des connaissances sur les inégalités de la santé buccodentaire en milieu rural, image de la ruralité, image de la pratique dentaire en milieu rural, obstacles perçus et facteurs mobilisateurs. Les étudiants ont exprimé que l'éducation dentaire, les avantages financiers, le professionnalisme, le soutien professionnel, et les médias sociaux peuvent influencer positivement leur intérêt à l’égard de la pratique dentaire en milieu rural. Conclusion : Les résultats de cette étude soutiennent la mise en place de stratégies connues pour augmenter la connaissance et la motivation des étudiants en médecine dentaire pour choisir leur profession dans une région rurale. Les acteurs des politiques éducatives ont un rôle essentiel dans la promotion de ces politiques et stratégies facilitantes. / Introduction: The distribution of dental workforce across Canada is highly skewed toward urban areas, a situation which favours disparities in oral health care access. Engaging oral health care professionals in rural dental practice necessitates understanding the personal and professional points of view of these professionals, as well as barriers and motivators in regard to the choice of practice. However, little research exists on how dental students perceive working in rural and remote areas. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the knowledge and perspectives of future Quebec dentists in regard to rural dental practice. Methods: We conducted a qualitative interpretive descriptive research study in two major Faculties of Dental Medicine in Quebec. A purposeful sampling and snowball technique were used to recruit fourth-year dental students and dental residents as study participants. Audio-recorded, 60–90 minute, face-to-face and semi-semi-structured interviews were conducted, with the number of interviews being determined by saturation. Qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic approach including interview debriefing, transcript coding, data display, and interpretation. Results: Seventeen interviews (10 F and 7 M, age: 22–39) were carried out. Five major themes emerged from the interviews: awareness on rural oral health care access, image of rurality, image of rural dental practice, perceived barriers and enablers in regard to rural dental practice. Students expressed that undergraduate dental education, financial rewards, professionalism, professional support, and social media can positively affect their perspectives on rural dental practice.Conclusion: The results of this study support the implementation of strategies that are known to increase the knowledge and motivation of dental students toward rural dental practice. Educational policy maker have an essential role in encouraging these facilitating policies and strategies.
45

Personality characteristics of dental students in Kuwait University associated with preferred teaching methods

Hasan, Dalal 01 January 2020 (has links)
This study examined personality characteristics of dental students at Faculty of Dentistry at Kuwait University and investigated the relationships between personality characteristics of these students and their preferred teaching methods. In order to assess personality characteristics, The Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI) was used. For teaching method categorization Grasha’s (2002) classification was used. This research builds knowledge about personality traits as measured by the Myers-Briggs Type Inventory® of dental students in Kuwait. Further, it adds knowledge about teaching methods preferred by dental students. Two surveys, the Myers- Briggs Type Indicator® Form M and a brief learning preference for teaching methodology survey, served as data collection instruments. Twenty-seven out of 43 dental students were interested in participation. Twenty-three (53.4%) students completed both surveys. After the data were analyzed, no dominant personality types among the dental students surveyed was uncovered. There were, however, four types slightly more represented than others. This study did find some correlations between certain subgroups and preferences for teaching methods. The study also found that students perceived Hybrid and Demonstrator methods as both the most preferred and most beneficial. Overall, the findings support that there is association between personality and preferences of teaching method and there is a preference of a teaching method over the other in dental education in general.
46

Asociación de conocimientos y actitudes sobre accidentes ocupacionales en las prácticas clínicas de alumnos de Odontología de una clínica universitaria de Lima, Perú / Association of knowledge and attitudes towards occupational accidents in the clinical practices of dental students at a university clinic in Lima - Peru.

Medina Crispin, Clara Victoria, Diaz del Olmo Morey, Carlos 30 November 2020 (has links)
Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes sobre accidentes ocupacionales en prácticas clínicas de alumnos de odontología de una clínica universitaria de Lima - Perú. Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluaron a 156 alumnos de la carrera de Odontología. El nivel de conocimientos y actitudes fueron evaluados mediante una encuesta adaptada de 24 preguntas. Además a ello, se evaluaron otras variables como el tipo de exposición, material punzocortante, especialidad clínica, entre otros, mediante un cuestionario de autoreporte adaptado. Ambas encuestas fueron revisadas y aprobadas por expertos en la materia. Se calcularon proporciones para las variables cualitativas y medidas de tendencia central (mediana) para la variable edad. De la misma manera se usaron: la Prueba de Chi-Cuadrado y Umann Whitney, para la asociación de variables. Resultados: El 78,2% de los participantes tuvo conocimiento alto frente al manejo de accidentes ocupacionales; de la misma manera, 72,4% manifestó actitud positiva. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p>0,05) entre las variables conocimientos y actitud. Por otro lado, el 69,1% de los alumnos sufrió al menos un accidente ocupacional durante sus prácticas clínicas, en su mayoría causado por un material punzocortante, predominando el explorador con 65,1%. Conclusiones: No se encontró asociación entre las variables conocimiento y actitud, sin embargo, una gran cantidad de alumnos sufre este tipo de exposiciones, por lo que se recomienda una educación más efectiva sobre prevención y manejo de accidentes ocupacionales. / Objective: To determine the association between the level of knowledge, and attitude towards post exposure management of occupational accidents in the clinical practice of dental students at a university clinic in Lima - Peru. Materials and Methods: 156 dentistry students were evaluated. The students’ level of knowledge and attitude to post exposure management of occupational accidents were evaluated through an adapted survey of 24 questions. In addition, information on occupational accidents such as the type of exposure, involvement of sharp materials, and type of procedure was gathered via a self-reported questionnaire. Both surveys were reviewed and approved by subject matter experts. Absolute frequencies were calculated for the qualitative variables and central tendency measures (median) were calculated for quantitative variables. The Chi-Square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to test for statistical significance in the association of variables. Results: 78,2% of the participants had a high knowledge of occupational accident management; and 72,4% demonstrated a positive attitude towards accident management. No statistically significant association (p> 0.05) was found between knowledge and attitude. 69,1% of the students suffered at least one occupational accident during their clinical practice and most involved sharp materials. The explorer was involved in 65,1% of exposures. Conclusions: No association was found between knowledge and attitude towards accident management. However, a great number of students have suffered from occupational accidents resulting in hazardous exposure, so a more effective education on prevention and management of occupational accidents is recommended. / Tesis
47

Anterior single crown treatments made by dental students and teachers at Malmö University, Sweden; a 5-year retrospective follow-up

Zabel, Melanie, Vasiljević, Nataša January 2021 (has links)
Aim: To investigate the clinical survival and success, including both function and aesthetics, of tooth supported crowns in the anterior region after a minimum of 5 years after installation in the student as well as teacher clinic of the Faculty of Odontology, Malm. University, Sweden. Materials & method: Eligible patients were identified through screening of dental technician invoices stretching back to 2012. 78 patients were invited to participate in the study and 39 patients were examined, 28 and 11 from student and teacher clinics respectively. A modified examination protocol based on the CDA protocol was used by two examiners to score the crowns. Moreover, patients’ own views on aesthetics and function of their crowns were collected through a questionnaire. Results: Patient satisfaction with function and aesthetics was equally high in teacher and student clinic as well as for the different crown materials. Examiner ratings found overall successful results across the investigated categories “surface and colour”, “anatomic form” and “margin integrity”. No significant differences were found with regards to the operator or the different materials. The 5-year survival rate among the examined patients was 89% resp. 91% in the student and teacher clinic. Conclusion: Patients at the Faculty of Odontology in Malm. can expect to receive satisfying crown treatments in the anterior region of the mouth regardless of whether the operator is a teacher or a student and regardless of the chosen material. / Syfte: Att undersöka klinisk överlevnad och lyckandefrekvens, med hänsyn till funktion och estetik, av tandstödda kronor i framtandsregionen som installerades för minst 5 år sedan på student och lärarklinik vid Odontologiska fakulteten, Malmö Universitet, Sverige. Material och metod: 78 lämpliga patienter identifierades genom granskning av  tandtekniska fakturor från 2012 och framåt, och bjöds in att delta i studien. 39 patienter undersöktes, 28 respektive 11 från student- och lärarklinik. Två granskare använde ett modifierat granskningsprotokoll baserat på CDA protokollet för att betygsätta kronornas utseende och funktion. Utöver detta användes ett frågeformulär för att få patientens syn på estetik och funktion av kronan. Resultat: Patienternas omdömen av kronans funktion och estetik var lika hög i lärar- och studentkliniken liksom för de olika kronmaterialen. Granskarnas bedömning visade hög lyckandefrekvens för de undersökta kategorierna ”yta och färg”, ”anatomisk form” och ”kantanslutning”. Inga signifikanta skillnader kunde ses med avseende på vem som var operatör eller vilket material som valts. 5-års överlevnaden bland de undersökta patienterna var 89% resp. 91% p. student- och lärarkliniken. Slutsats: Patienter som behandlas vid Odontologiska fakulteten i Malmö kan förvänta sig ett tillfredsställande resultat vid kronterapi i framtandsregionen oavsett om operatören är en lärare eller en student och oavsett vilket material som väljs.
48

The accuracy of dental students' perception of their learning in relation to their actual conceptual learning

Radjaeipour, Gitta 01 January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Dental schools are faced with the challenge of incorporating varied instructional methodologies into their curriculum. Various dental schools distinguish different modules in their program under preclinical and clinical disciplines with minimal connections between the two. This study investigated students' perceptions of their curriculum and, more specifically, compare and contrast dental students' perceptions of learning during the first or freshman years, the second or junior years, and the third years as seniors in 2005, 2006, and 2007. It contrasts the results from students' perceptions and students' actual learning to establish correlations between these two phenomena. Various standard assessments were used. Students' understanding of the use of dental materials including base, liner, and cement were measured as predicting factors to substantiate the accuracy of the students' perceptions. A questionnaire was used to elicit a total of 853 responses over the three consecutive years. Pearson correlations were applied to analyze the data. The main finding was a positive correlation between the accuracy of students perceptions of learning and their participation in clinical practice; whereas no correlation was confirmed with regard to the accuracy of students' perceptions of learning when students had only or primarily participated in preclinical courses. The results suggest that advanced students' perceptions and knowledge can be considered by faculty when making decisions regarding reform of their dental curriculum
49

The Knowledge and Attitudes of Dental Hygiene Students: Smokeless Tobacco

Biernat, Kathy Ann 12 1900 (has links)
The use of smokeless tobacco products is increasing among teenagers and young adults in the United States. Community health professionals play a vital role in educating the public about these products, and in this regard the dental hygienist is of critical importance. This study evaluated the knowledge and attitudes towards smokeless tobacco among a representative sample of dental hygiene students in the United States. The dental hygiene schools were divided into six geographical regions and a total of 34 schools and 722 students participated. Seniors were found to score significantly higher than non-seniors both in knowledge and attitude. Furthermore, some significant differences in attitude were discovered between regions. In general, students scored poorly on both knowledge and attitude despite reporting having received classroom instruction on smokeless tobacco.
50

Gendered experiences of work environment : A study of stress and ambiguity among dental students in Sweden / Könade upplevelser av arbetsmiljö :  En studie av stress och ambiguitet bland tandläkarstudenter i Sverige

Schéle, Ingrid January 2011 (has links)
This thesis explores how dental students experience their education. We aim to generate ways to understand which elements relate to the students’ experience based on current theories and models regarding the quality of working life and gender (and) power relations.   Methods Twelve interviews with Umeå dental students in their clinical semesters were analysed with a Grounded Theory (GT) as well as a content analysis approach. A web-survey was sent to all clinical dental students in Sweden (P ≈ 805) with a response rate of 40% (p = 322). The quantitative methods included structural equation modelling and cluster analysis. Results The GT analysis resulted in the core category “Experiencing ambiguity,” that captured the student’s role-ambiguity. Central categories focused on perceived stress and performance assessment in relation to ambiguous inner and outer demands. The content analysis resulted in three categories: “Notions of inequalities,” “Gendering,” and “The student position.” These categories present the ways groups of students are constructed in relation to the student/dentist norm and social gender relations, and how women and men of foreign descent risk subordination and stereotyping. The SEM-model contained psychosocial work environment, tolerance for ambiguity, perceived stress, and student satisfaction. Work environment influenced both perceived stress and satisfaction, and stood for almost all of the explained variance in perceived stress for women, indicating that women are constructed as co-responsible for the work environment. About half of the variance for the men was explained by tolerance for ambiguity, indicating that the feeling of uncertainty may lead to stress in men who include “being in control” in their gender identity. The cluster analysis resulted in a six-cluster solution ranging from “The fresh and positive” to “The worn critiques.” Psychosocial work environment again appeared to be the main factor. Gender also appears to be a factor as the gender distribution in the best as well as the two worst clusters differs from the population. Conclusion Work environment stands out among the factors that relate to the students wellbeing and satisfaction, but the student group is heterogeneous and the ways students perceive their work environment relate to different processes and experiences. We suggest that the ways gender and ethnicity appear to be constructed in relation to the sociocultural gender power relations and the (traditional) medical hierarchy could be of importance for how the students’ experience their psychosocial work environment.

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