文化的變遷，戰後台灣飲食書寫已是多元而龐雜，八○年代末期始發表飲食篇章的韓良露，經過二十多年的耕耘，至今已有七冊共二百多篇飲食文本。韓良露以劇作家、電視製作人、生活美食家多重角色現身文壇，本非傳統純文學創作的身分，因此她的飲食書寫雜有旅行、電影、商業等元素，不易適切歸類。然而，其文本確實呈現了臺灣當代飲食書寫的另一種風格，即是在文化工業底下，展現文學大眾化的取向，擺脫前期單以懷舊為書寫筆調，用簡單的文字、真誠的心態、多方的飲食知識說美食、講人生、談生活，除了感性地藉飲食形塑情感記憶與成長歷程，以知性之眼凝視本土飲食文化的遞嬗外，更呼籲人們正視工業科技及全球化後所附帶的生活危機，積極倡導慢食運動，拉近人們與食物的距離，使讀者將嚴肅的知識文化輕鬆入口，立刻感受閱讀後片刻的沈醉與品味生命中的美好滋味。 本論文以韓良露飲食文本的歷史背景、主題思想、書寫策略、藝術表現為研究對象，分作六章論述。第一章緒論，主要說明個人的研究動機、研究範圍方法及論文架構。第二章歷史觀照與文化轉變，重點在探討戰後飲食文化、飲食書寫的發展概況，並且整理作家的家庭背景、成長過程、人生經歷。第三章韓良露飲食書寫主題，分別從記憶、旅行、情慾展開研究，盼由飲食有關的主題內容，覓得她的情感脈絡與生活感發。第四章韓良露飲食書寫策略，由時空概念、文化工業、隱喻系統、互文指涉、小品辨體分析其飲食文本的藝術魅力，目的在探討作家筆下塑造的美味情境。第五章韓良露筆下的飲食意識，以文化、生活、人生三方面疏通作家的生命哲理，指出作家對現代人飲食的隱憂與呼籲。第六章提出研究總結，找出韓良露飲食書寫的特色與定位，最後對於未來相關研究給予建議。 / With the transition of society and culture, post-war dietetic literature has become more diverse and complex. Han began to present the dietetic writings from 1980s and since then has produced 7 volumes with more than 200 dietetics texts. Although a playwright, producer and gourmet, Han is far from being a traditional creator of literature since the ingredients in her dietetic texts mix elements of travel, movies, and commerce. As a result, it is not easy to classify her texts. However, they have opened a new chapter in the expression of Taiwanese contemporary dietetic literature with a stylish flair for diet, lifestyle and living. All this is served up in simple digestible words for the masses that come flavored with a wealth of dietetic wisdom. Her works mold the memory of her passion for creating dietetic texts and a sensitive grasp of local dietary culture in transition. But she also alerts her readers to the challenges posed by the information age and globalization. Her solution is a ‘slow food’ campaign that will revive the tie of people with their food. This is aided by her writings that let readers indulge in the delicacies of life. The six-chapter thesis covers a historical background, threads of thoughts, writing strategies, and art performance of Han’s dietetic texts. The first chapter introduces motivation, methodology, and structure of the thesis. The second chapter (Historical Review and Cultural Transition) follows up to expound upon post-war dietetic culture, the development of dietetics writings and Han’s family background, growth, and life experience. The third chapter focuses on the theme of Han’s dietetic writings from the aspects of memory, travel and sexual passion. As can be expected, we can discover Han’s affection and passion for life. The fourth chapter (Han’s Dietetic Writing Strategies) analyzes the artistic fascination and discusses the delicious situation created by Han’s texts in terms of the concept of time and space, cultural industry, metaphorical system, intertextuality and essay differentiation. The fifth chapter (The Dietetic Consciousness of Han’s Texts) points out Han’s philosophy of life, secret worries and appeals through angles of culture, living and life. The sixth chapter (Conclusion) explores the features and position of dietetic writings, brings suggestions, and points to future research.

L’allergie alimentaire est un problème majeur de santé publique. Sa prévalence est estimée à 5 % chez l’adulte et à 8 % chez l’enfant dans les pays industrialisés. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter une contribution à la diététique diagnostique et thérapeutique de l’allergie alimentaire. Nos travaux ont porté sur l’allergie alimentaire au pois jaune et au sésame. Le pois jaune est un allergène émergent à risque de réaction grave. Son seuil réactogène est bas, soit 0,13 g de protéines alors que la teneur des aliments peut atteindre 20 g/100g. L’étude de 35 personnes allergiques au sésame a permis de définir que le seuil réactogène pouvant déclencher une réaction chez 5% de la population allergique se situe entre 1,2 et 4,0 mg de protéines de sésame. Nous avons validé la progression optimale des doses de sésame pour le test de provocation orale en lien avec le consensus européen Europrevall. L’absence d’harmonisation internationale concernant les allergènes à déclaration obligatoire, nous a conduit dans une seconde partie, à étudier l’impact de l’allergie alimentaire sur la décision, l’organisation et le déroulement d’un séjour à l’étranger. Cette étude réalisée en collaboration avec l’Observatoire Régional de Santé et des Affaires Sociales de Lorraine et les associations française et belge pour la prévention des allergies montre, sur un panel de 102 répondants, que l’allergie alimentaire contraint 14 % des répondants à ne pas voyager à l’étranger et que 30% des personnes ayant voyagé ont présenté une réaction allergique. Les accidents sont survenus principalement dans les restaurants. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité de développer un système d’information et de formation des personnes allergiques et des professionnels de l’alimentation pour mettre en oeuvre des stratégies de prévention du risque. / Food allergy is a major public health problem. Its prevalence is estimated at 5% in adults and 8% in children in industrialized countries. The objective of this thesis is to bring a contribution to the diagnostic and therapeutic dietetics in food allergy. Our work focused on yellow pea and sesame food allergies. Yellow pea is an emerging allergen with risk of a severe reaction. Its reactogenic threshold is of 0.13 g of protein while the content of food can reach 20 g / 100g. The study of 35 people allergic to sesame has enabled the identification of the reactogenic threshold that can trigger a reaction in 5% of the allergic population. It is estimated between 1.2 and 4.0 mg of sesame protein. We validated optimal progression dosing scheme for sesame for oral challenge test taking in account the European consensus Europrevall. Lack of international harmonization on mandatory allergens, led us in a second part of this thesis, to study the impact of food allergy on the decision, trip organization and a stay abroad of an allergic person. This study, conducted in collaboration with the regional health observatory and Social Affairs of Lorraine and the French and Belgian associations for allergy prevention shows, on a panel of 102 respondents, that food allergy forced 14% of respondents do not travel abroad and that 30% of people who have traveled had an allergic reaction. The accidents occurred mainly in restaurants. These results highlight the need to develop an information system and training of allergies and food professionals to implement risk prevention strategies.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:49:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoToledo.pdf: 2115688 bytes, checksum: d3f55d577bd91dea61ec89bfba45dc5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-22 / In the middle age, in Latin East, remarkable for political theory of the organic metaphor, it was formulated by Jhon of Salisbury, in the Policraticus. This theory imagined the society like a living organismo, whose head would be the king. All the members of social body should exercise their roles way consoante and efficient. However when the king got sick, all the society got sick too. In the Aragon´s kingdom, in 1308, the king Jaime II, the Virtuous, avoiding a political crises asked for help for his doctor, Arnaldo de Vilanova, to heal his sickness, the hemorrhoid. Based on medicals and hygiene theories, Arnaldo noticed in the food functionality the way to cure the king´s sckiness. Through the food list his showed there were the besto f the territory, the doctor selected, blended and recomended a loto f types of food and tastes. This research has the propouse to anlyze the difusion of medical theories in Aragon´s kingdom between XIII and XIV centuries trought the healths rules and understand too the relationship between the doctor´s craft and cook´s craft, revealing a fet up table where taste and health were importante allies to the health´s king. / A Idade Média Central, no Ocidente Latino, foi marcada pela teoria política da metáfora orgânica de sociedade, elaborada pelo intelectual inglês João de Salisbury, no livro Policraticus. Essa teoria imaginava a sociedade como um organismo vivo, cuja a cabeça pensante seria o rei. Todos os membros do corpo social deveriam exercer suas funções de maneira harmônica e eficiente. No entanto, quando o monarca adoecia, todo o corpo ficava desestabilizado. No reino católico de Aragão, no ano de 1308, o rei Jaime II, o Virtuoso,buscando sanar das hemorroidas que o adoentava, queria também evitar uma crise política no reino, pediu ajuda para seu médico pessoal, Arnaldo de Vilanova, para sanar uma moléstia que vinha o incomodando há muito tempo, as hemorroidas. Baseado nas teorias médicas e higiênicas da época, Arnaldo de Vilanova viu na funcionalidade dos alimentos a chave para amenizar e curar a doença do rei. Através de uma lista de alimentos dos mais variados gêneros e também indicando tudo que havia de melhor no território real e no além mar, o médico selecionou, misturou, separou e recomendou uma diversidade de comidas e sabores para a dieta régia. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo principal analisar a difusão das teorias dietéticas na corte de Aragão entre os séculos XIII e XIV através dos regimentos de saúde e também compreender de que maneira o ofício do médico se cruzava no território do cozinheiro, revelando uma mesa farta e funcional onde o sabor e a saúde eram importantes aliados para a saúde do rei.

A doença cardiovascular (DCV) é a principal causa de mortalidade em pacientes com diabetes melito (DM), sendo a intervenção dietética essencial no manejo desta complicação. O objetivo deste manuscrito foi revisar as evidências científicas que fundamentam as recomendações dietéticas da American Diabetes Association (ADA) para prevenção e tratamento da DCV nos pacientes com DM. As diretrizes da ADA baseiam-se em sua maioria em estudos com pacientes com DCV, porém sem DM. Nos pacientes com DM, um aumento na ingestão de peixe e de fibras solúveis são as recomendações dietéticas com benefício comprovado. Embora o DM possa ser considerado um equivalente de DCV estabelecida, a adoção das recomendações dietéticas de pacientes sem DM e com DCV para todos pacientes com DM é questionável, em especial considerando as peculiaridades da DCV no DM. Ensaios clínicos aleatorizados em pacientes com DM deverão melhor fundamentar os benefícios das intervenções dietéticas sobre a DCV. / Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and dietary intervention is an essential measure to prevent and treat this complication. The aim of this manuscript was to review scientific evidence that underlies the dietetic recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for prevention and treatment of CVD in DM. The ADA guidelines are mostly based on studies performed on patients with CVD and without DM. The evidence-based dietary recommendations for patients with DM are to increase the intake of fish and soluble fibers. Although DM has been considered as an equivalent of established CVD, the adoption of the same dietary recommendations used for patients without DM and with CVD is still undefined, especially considering the peculiarities of CVD in DM. Randomized clinical trials including patients with DM should provide further information regarding the benefits of these dietary interventions for CVD.

A doença cardiovascular (DCV) é a principal causa de mortalidade em pacientes com diabetes melito (DM), sendo a intervenção dietética essencial no manejo desta complicação. O objetivo deste manuscrito foi revisar as evidências científicas que fundamentam as recomendações dietéticas da American Diabetes Association (ADA) para prevenção e tratamento da DCV nos pacientes com DM. As diretrizes da ADA baseiam-se em sua maioria em estudos com pacientes com DCV, porém sem DM. Nos pacientes com DM, um aumento na ingestão de peixe e de fibras solúveis são as recomendações dietéticas com benefício comprovado. Embora o DM possa ser considerado um equivalente de DCV estabelecida, a adoção das recomendações dietéticas de pacientes sem DM e com DCV para todos pacientes com DM é questionável, em especial considerando as peculiaridades da DCV no DM. Ensaios clínicos aleatorizados em pacientes com DM deverão melhor fundamentar os benefícios das intervenções dietéticas sobre a DCV. / Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and dietary intervention is an essential measure to prevent and treat this complication. The aim of this manuscript was to review scientific evidence that underlies the dietetic recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for prevention and treatment of CVD in DM. The ADA guidelines are mostly based on studies performed on patients with CVD and without DM. The evidence-based dietary recommendations for patients with DM are to increase the intake of fish and soluble fibers. Although DM has been considered as an equivalent of established CVD, the adoption of the same dietary recommendations used for patients without DM and with CVD is still undefined, especially considering the peculiarities of CVD in DM. Randomized clinical trials including patients with DM should provide further information regarding the benefits of these dietary interventions for CVD.

A doença cardiovascular (DCV) é a principal causa de mortalidade em pacientes com diabetes melito (DM), sendo a intervenção dietética essencial no manejo desta complicação. O objetivo deste manuscrito foi revisar as evidências científicas que fundamentam as recomendações dietéticas da American Diabetes Association (ADA) para prevenção e tratamento da DCV nos pacientes com DM. As diretrizes da ADA baseiam-se em sua maioria em estudos com pacientes com DCV, porém sem DM. Nos pacientes com DM, um aumento na ingestão de peixe e de fibras solúveis são as recomendações dietéticas com benefício comprovado. Embora o DM possa ser considerado um equivalente de DCV estabelecida, a adoção das recomendações dietéticas de pacientes sem DM e com DCV para todos pacientes com DM é questionável, em especial considerando as peculiaridades da DCV no DM. Ensaios clínicos aleatorizados em pacientes com DM deverão melhor fundamentar os benefícios das intervenções dietéticas sobre a DCV. / Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and dietary intervention is an essential measure to prevent and treat this complication. The aim of this manuscript was to review scientific evidence that underlies the dietetic recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for prevention and treatment of CVD in DM. The ADA guidelines are mostly based on studies performed on patients with CVD and without DM. The evidence-based dietary recommendations for patients with DM are to increase the intake of fish and soluble fibers. Although DM has been considered as an equivalent of established CVD, the adoption of the same dietary recommendations used for patients without DM and with CVD is still undefined, especially considering the peculiarities of CVD in DM. Randomized clinical trials including patients with DM should provide further information regarding the benefits of these dietary interventions for CVD.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Salum.pdf: 228622 bytes, checksum: 1b454b2acd4d3e8f412a4498bafca447 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Introdution:The best physical performance has been required earlier, doing as that Young athletes will be submitted the manipulation dietetic joining of the use of the dietetics supplements. Main goal: describe the consume of the dietetic used by juniors male athletes of soccer, in Florianópolis, SC. Specific goals: verify the characteristics of the consumption of food supplements, identify the orientation sources for the consumption, the purpose of the use and the perception in relation to the results obtained starting from the supplementation. Method: descriptive and exploratory search with 40 athletes that has answered the questionnaire. It took place a descriptive analysis of simple frequency and percent. Result: the age of the athletes are between 17 and 20 years old, 33% of them are between 18 and 19 years old. The ones who consume the dietetic supplements 66,6% belive that they have been achieving their goals, 62,5% of them that haven t been using the supplements, 17,5% associate to the cost of the products and the others said that the club wasn t giving them in that time. The supplements most used are the proteins with 24 users, followed the isotonic leverages with 9 user and the creatina with 6 users. The main reason for the consume, it was the lean tissue mass with 15 users (37,5%), in spite of 11 users (27,5%) are related to protein supplements, small portion (12 users) has appropriate orientation (doctor and/or nutritionist) and 93,33% didn t relate to adverse effects. Conclusion: the hypothesis of use indiscriminate of dietetic supplements is confirmed by the juniors male athletes. It was observed that the source pointed is different and many athletes don t know which the functions of the several supplements are. There isn t any kind of control in the supplements business, the professionals who work with athletes and physical act ivy should be more informed about everything that involves a dietetic manipulation and supplementation. / Introdução:O melhor desempenho esportivo está sendo exigido cada vez mais cedo, fazendo com que jovens atletas sejam submetidos a manipulações dietéticas, acompanhadas do consumo de suplementos dietéticos. Freqüentemente este consumo se faz de forma empírica, sem prescrição especializada. Objetivo geral: descrever o consumo de suplementos dietéticos utilizados por atletas juniores de futebol do sexo masculino, em Florianópolis, SC. Objetivos específicos: detectar se os atletas consomem suplementos dietéticos ; identificar as fontes de prescrição e orientação para o consumo de suplementos dietéticos; verificar quais os suplementos dietéticos consumidos; identificar os motivos e os objetivos para o consumo de suplementos dietéticos; identificar, segundo a percepção do usuário, os resultados do consumo de suplementos dietéticos. Método: pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, com amostra de 40 atletas que responderam a um questionário. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva e os dados apresentados na forma de freqüência simples e percentual. Resultados: a idade dos atletas era de 17 a 20 anos, sendo que 33% tinham 18 e 19 anos. Dos atletas que consomem suplementos dietéticos 66,6% acredita estar atingindo seus objetivos. Dos 62,5% que não utilizam suplementos 17,5% associam ao custo elevado e outros 17,5% relatam que o clube não estava fornecendo naquele período. Os suplementos mais consumidos são os protéicos com 24 citações, seguido das bebidas isotônicas com 9 e da creatina com 6 citações. Quanto ao motivo para o consumo, o que mais se destacou foi o ganho de massa muscular com 15 (37,5%) citações, sendo que 11 (27,5%) citações relacionavam com os suplementos protéicos. A prescrição adequada (médico e/ou nutricionista) aparece com 12 citações. Conclusão: confirmando a hipótese pré-estabelecida o consumo de suplementos dietéticos é uma prática comum entre atletas juniores de futebol. Observou-se que a fonte de indicação é diversificada e muitos atletas não sabem quais as funções dos diversos suplementos. Como não há controle na comercialização dos suplementos, os profissionais que trabalham com atletas e praticantes de atividade física deveriam ser mais bem informados sobre tudo o que envolve uma manipulação e suplementação dietética.

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Estresse oxidativo é uma condição fisiológica que está associada à aterosclerose e pode ser influenciada pela dieta. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi agrupar 57 indivíduos com dislipidemia controlada por estatinas, de acordo com quatro biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo, e avaliar diferenças quanto ao padrão dietético e ao perfil lipídico entre esses grupos. Para isso, amostras de sangue foram coletadas de 57 indivíduos com dislipidemia controlada por estatinas e os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: ingestão dietética por meio do registro alimentar de 6 dias, ácidos graxos plasmáticos, concentração de lipoproteínas, triglicerídeos, glicose, LDL oxidada (LDL(-)), malondialdeído (MDA) e atividade antioxidante total por DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) e FRAP (Ferric reducing power). Os indivíduos foram separados em cinco grupos pela análise de agrupamento. Todos os grupos apresentaram diferença com relação a pelo menos um dos biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo. A separação dos indivíduos na primeira componente baseou-se na atividade antioxidante total. Dessa forma, os clusters (grupos) localizados no quadrante direito caracterizaram-se por capacidade antioxidante total mais alta, bem como por maiores concentrações de ácido mirístico e menores de ácido araquidônico que os clusters (grupos) localizados no quadrante esquerdo. Uma correlação negativa foi observada entre DPPH e índice de peroxidabilidade. A segunda componente baseou-se nas diferenças no estado de oxidação determinado pelas concentrações de MDA e LDL(-). Os clusters (grupos) localizados no quadrante superior apresentaram estado oxidativo mais alto e menor concentração de HDL que os clusters (grupos) localizados no quadrante inferior. Nenhuma diferença foi observada quanto à ingestão dietética entre os cinco clusters (grupos). Portanto, supõe-se que a síntese de ácidos graxos e a concentração de HDL parecem exercer efeito mais expressivo que a ingestão dietética nas condições oxidativas dos indivíduos com dislipidemia controlada por estatinas. / Oxidative stress is a physiological condition that is associated with atherosclerosis, and it can be influenced by diet. Our objective was to group 57 individuals with dyslipidemia controlled by statins according to four oxidative biomarkers, and to evaluate the diet pattern and blood biochemistry differences between these groups. Blood samples were collected and the following parameters were evaluated: diet intake by 6-day dietary register, plasma fatty acids, lipoprotein concentration, glucose, oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL(-)), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant activity by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric reducing power ) assays. Individuals were separated into five groups by cluster analysis. All groups showed a difference with respect to at least one of the four oxidative stress biomarkers. The separation of individuals in the first axis was based upon their total antioxidant activity. Clusters located on the right side showed higher total antioxidant activity, higher myristic fatty acid, and lower arachidonic fatty acid proportions than clusters located on the left side. A negative correlation was observed between DPPH and the peroxidability index. The second axis showed differences in oxidation status as measured by MDA and oxLDL concentrations. Clusters located on the upper side showed higher oxidative status and lower HDL cholesterol concentration than clusters located on the lower side. There were no differences in diet among the five clusters. Therefore, fatty acid synthesis and HDL cholesterol concentration seem to exert a more significant effect on the oxidative conditions of the individuals with dyslipidemia controlled by statins than does their food intake.