O objetivo central deste estudo é investigar as propostas de atividades escolares, utilizando a Internet como fonte de material para as aulas por professores de espanhol, língua estrangeira, do Município do Rio de Janeiro. Para desenvolvê-lo, utilizamos como suporte teórico estudos sobre a Internet e suas características enquanto suporte digital, aspectos gerais e específicos de leitura, gêneros textuais e digitais. Tomamos como objeto de análise os questionários respondidos pelos professores. Sua análise nos permitiu: a) identificar e delimitar os informantes da pesquisa; b) verificar o tipo de material que os professores utilizam em suas aulas; c) averiguar que interesse lhes desperta a Internet como um recurso didático-pedagógico; d) caracterizar o tipo de leitura que realizam no suporte digital e se essa se assemelha à do meio impresso; e) verificar as propostas de atividades de leitura criadas pelos docentes e f) construir perfis, ainda que não generalizantes, de professores de E/LE da SME/Rio, como leitores e docentes de leitura. Nosso estudo mostrou que há o interesse da maioria dos professores em utilizar as novas tecnologias (NTs) em suas aulas e ajudar na inclusão digital de seus alunos, mas que esta não se realiza. Conforme havíamos previsto nas hipóteses, a Internet serve como fonte para aquisição de material a ser utilizado em sala de aula pelo professor. Entretanto, atividades em laboratórios de informática não são realizadas, não apenas pela falta de recursos, mas também pela falta de condições físicas do espaço escolar não comportar a grande quantidade de alunos por turma. Além disso, a leitura através da tela do computador não é vista da mesma forma que a do meio impresso e o professor está atento às particularidades dessa atividade no novo suporte. Mesmo em se tratando de um estudo com corpus reduzido, acreditamos que nossas conclusões servirão como material de consulta e reflexão para muitos docentes e poderão ser uma ponte para propostas de trabalhos futuros, envolvendo o professor e as novas tecnologias / The main objective of the present research is to investigate proposals of pedagogical activities, using the Internet as a source of material for classes, elaborated by teachers of Spanish as a foreign language of Rio de Janeiro city. In order to develop this study, different theoretical constructs were used: studies about the Internet and its characteristics as a digital support, general and specific aspects of reading and textual and digital genres. Questionnaires answered by the teachers were used as object of analysis. Their analysis allowed us to: a) identify and delimit the research participants; b) verify the type of material used by teachers in their classes; c) investigate what kind of interest teachers have in relation to Internet as a didactic-pedagogical resource; d) characterize their way of reading in digital environment and analyze how similar it is to their way of reading in printed environment; e) verify the proposals of reading activities elaborated by the teachers and f) build profiles, although not general, of teachers of Spanish as a FL of SME/Rio, as readers and teachers of reading. The analysis of the data has indicated that there is an interest of the majority of teachers in using the new technologies (NTs) in their classes and helping the digital inclusion of their students, but this does not proceed. As we had anticipated in assumptions, the Internet serves as a source for the acquisition of material to be used in classroom by teachers. Nevertheless, activities in computer laboratories are not carried out, not only by lack of resources, but also by the lack of physical conditions of school space that does not include the large number of students per class. Moreover, reading through the computer screen is no longer viewed in the same way as reading in printed texts and the teacher is aware of the peculiarities of this activity in a new support. Although the present study has used a reduced corpus, we believe that our conclusions will serve as material for consultation and reflection to many teachers and may be a bridge for proposals for future works involving the teacher and the new technologies

Les robots de téléprésence sont proposés à des étudiants dont la maladie, l’hospitalisation ou la situation de handicap, empêche la présence physique en classe. La mise en place de cette technologie, s’inscrit dans une logique d’inclusion scolaire, visant une forme de présence de l’étudiant, dans un établissement scolaire ou universitaire dit « ordinaire ». Cependant, aucune étude préalable n’a été réalisée pour rendre compte des dimensions inclusives de cette technologie dans un contexte éducatif. La présence d’un étudiant, médiatisée par un dispositif de téléprésence, démultiplie les espaces d’interactions qui se trouvent situés dans des environnements à la fois physiques et numériques. En effet, l’étudiant utilisateur du robot de téléprésence, dispose de possibilités d’actions dans un environnement distant, qu’il produit à travers un environnement numérique. Cette situation inédite révèle des espaces potentiels de perception et d’action sur le monde et transforme la modalité de présence de l’utilisateur. L’objectif de cette recherche est de proposer une conceptualisation des enjeux de l’utilisation de ce dispositif, dans une visée d’inclusion scolaire. Il s’agit d’une théorisation qui est ancrée dans l’expérience vécue par des étudiants qui utilisent un robot de téléprésence pour des raisons de santé, afin de participer à leurs enseignements. La compréhension de ces expériences subjectives des utilisateurs, assure l’ancrage empirique de notre conceptualisation, dont les résultats mettent en avant les concepts centraux de perception et d’action, qui s’inscrivent dans le concept de présence. Ainsi, dans un contexte d’enseignement configuré en présentiel et médiatisé par un robot de téléprésence, l’inclusion scolaire de l’étudiant utilisateur, se rapporte à une renégociation perceptive réciproque, de la coprésence de l’utilisateur et de l’environnement distant. / Telepresence robots are offered to students whose illness, hospitalization or disability, prevents physical presence in the classroom. The implementation of this technology, is part of a logic of inclusive education, aimed at a form of presence of the student, in a school or university called "ordinary". However, no prior study has been done to account for the inclusive dimensions of this technology in an educational context. The presence of a student, mediated by a device of telepresence, multiplies the spaces of interactions which are located in environments both physical and digital. Indeed, the student user of the telepresence robot has the possibility of actions in a remote environment, which he produces through a digital environment. This unprecedented situation reveals potential spaces of perception and action on the world and transforms the modality of presence of the user. The objective of this research is to propose a conceptualization of the stakes of the use of this device, in a goal of inclusive education. It is a theorization that is rooted in the experience of students using a telepresence robot for health reasons, to participate in their teachings. The understanding of these subjective experiences of the users, ensures the empirical anchoring of our conceptualization, whose results put forward the central concepts of perception and action, which are part of the concept of presence. Thus, in a context of teaching configured face-to-face and mediated by a telepresence robot, the student's inclusion in the classroom, refers to a reciprocal perceptual renegotiation, the co-presence of the user and the remote environment.

The available literature presents a multitude of ways in which value creation can take place, and a near uncountable number of ways in which value creation can take place in digital contexts. However, little has been written in the way of value co-creation, or even value creation in general, in relation to the metaverse. This explorative study makes use of an abductive approach and will strive to identify how a game developer creates value for its customers in a metaverse context. Six qualitative interviews were conducted to collect data from a game developer within this new industry. The overarching process of collecting data is based on value co-creation theory and network theory. The study’s findings illustrate the involved and required factors when game developers co-create with customers, and shed light on the necessary amalgamation of different actors involved in the process. The conclusion can be summarised as follows: a game developer creates value for its customers through direct and indirect value adding activities. The first conclusion regarding direct value adding activities includes value co-creation, and is the basis of an improved conceptualised model based on previous theoretical literature, which can be used in future research.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-05-10T12:54:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carolina Ferreira Souza.pdf: 1903774 bytes, checksum: fb12be505b4c7a36b6455c716c3e0891 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-10T12:54:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carolina Ferreira Souza.pdf: 1903774 bytes, checksum: fb12be505b4c7a36b6455c716c3e0891 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / The present work deals with the lack of transparency of the Google search engine, analyzing what the rights of consumers users of this service are affected, as well as the damage caused to the balance of the digital environment. The capture of data and information circulating in the most different pages, programs and applications belonging to the large corporations of the network is increasingly refined and less transparent. In addition, access to existing data and information is increasingly being filtered and directed to partners, advertisers, in more or less explicit ways, depending on the service provided or the page accessed. In this way, the treatment that must be reserved for the digital environment must begin with the immediate and full universalization of Internet access and its data in favor of all without distinction or privileges, exclusions or exceptions, as well as the transparency of the algorithms that operate in the network through machine learning and other forms of artificial intelligence, under penalty of not authorizing those harmed by state inaction and / or by the action of capitalist speculation, to take the administrative and judicial measures applicable and applicable to the species for the realization of their rights. The methodology used was based on a bibliographic review to analyze the data obtained, with the collection of textual documents such as: legislation, jurisprudence, relevant doctrine, and publications of a technical nature, as well as an analysis of some of the terms of use and data policies of Google, in order to verify the lack of transparency and disrespect for human rights and Brazilian consumer rights and help in understanding the problem of commercialization and bias of the digital media. The results of the research indicated that the existing legislation is sufficient for the protection of consumers users of the Google search service in several aspects; however, considers the possibility of new data protection legislation as one more strategy within the law for the protection of human rights to communicate / O presente trabalho trata da falta de transparência do buscador Google, analisando-se quais os direitos dos consumidores usuários desse serviço são afetados, bem como o prejuízo causado ao equilíbrio do meio ambiente digital. A captação de dados e informações que circulam nas mais diferentes páginas, programas e aplicativos pertencentes às grandes corporações da rede está cada vez mais refinada e menos transparente. Além disso, o acesso aos dados e informações já existentes está sendo cada vez mais filtrado e direcionado para parceiros, anunciantes, de formas mais ou menos explícitas, dependendo do serviço prestado ou da página acessada. Desta forma, o tratamento que se deve reservar ao meio ambiente digital deve começar pela imediata e plena universalização do acesso à internet e aos seus dados em favor de todos, sem distinção ou privilégios, exclusões ou exceções, bem como pela transparência dos algoritmos que operam na rede através do aprendizado de máquina e outras formas de inteligência artificial, sob pena de, em não o sendo, autorizar os prejudicados pela inação estatal e/ou pela ação da especulação capitalista, a tomar as medidas administrativas e judiciais cabíveis e aplicáveis à espécie para a efetivação de seus direitos. A metodologia empregada valeu-se de revisão bibliográfica para análise dos dados obtidos, com a coleta de documentos textuais como: legislações, jurisprudências, doutrina pertinente, e publicações de caráter técnico, bem como análise de parte dos termos de uso e de políticas de dados do Google, a fim de se constatar a falta de transparência e o desrespeito aos direitos humanos e direitos do consumidor brasileiros e auxiliar na compreensão da problemática da mercantilização e parcialidade dos meios de comunicação digital. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que a legislação já existente é suficiente para a proteção dos consumidores usuários do serviço do buscador Google em diversos aspectos; entretanto, considera a possibilidade de uma nova legislação de proteção de dados como mais uma estratégia dentro do direito para a proteção dos direitos humanos à comunicar-se

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2016-04-22T11:20:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1438088 bytes, checksum: af1622e076af9b823a71ee8c8c49c9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-22T11:20:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1438088 bytes, checksum: af1622e076af9b823a71ee8c8c49c9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / This study aims to analyze the receptivity of economic information released in two national journalistic portals - G1 and the Exame, in the reader’s perspective. To this end, presents the theoretical foundations and concepts related to economic information and knowledge, as resources able to guide individuals in making informed decisions, contributing to individual and social development. In addition, it seeks to understand the role of the current media situation and the possible barriers to the processes of generation, access and understanding of this type of information. In this sense, is identified in the digital environment, characteristics that favor breaking down barriers, as well as appropriation of such information. In the methodological approach was made a literature gathering; analysis of examples that stimulated the observation and understanding of the phenomena; was applied an electronic questionnaire with users of G1 and Exam portals and the data analysis. In the analysis of data were used quantitative and qualitative procedures in accordance with the closed and open-ended nature of the questions of the research instrument. Through the information gathered, it was possible to draw a digital economic information reader profile, deepening on the understanding of their behavior in relation to digital media and economic information disseminated through these within the context of its receipt and use by the reader. It was noticed, then, that the receptivity of economic information in the digital media, in general, paints a worrying picture. Despite being aware of the relevance of economics for personal and social development, the receiver perceives the economic information as a specific and complex area of language, which he is not prepared to receive. Thus, the information is presented unattractive inhibiting its search of portals and hindering the interaction and understanding of the subject and, consequently, its appropriate and efficient use. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a recepção da informação econômica, divulgada em dois portais jornalísticos nacionais - o G1 e o Exame, na perspectiva do leitor. Para tal, apresenta os fundamentos teóricos e conceitos referentes à informação e ao conhecimento econômico, como recursos capazes de orientar os indivíduos na tomada de decisões mais conscientes, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento individual e social. Além disso, busca-se entender o papel da atual conjuntura midiática e os possíveis entraves aos processos de geração, acesso e entendimento desse tipo de informação. No percurso metodológico, utilizou-se levantamento bibliográfico; análise de exemplos que estimularam a compreensão; aplicação de um questionário eletrônico junto aos usuários dos portais G1 e Exame e análise de dados. Na análise dos achados foram utilizados procedimentos quanti-qualitativos, em conformidade com a natureza das questões fechadas e mistas, que compõem o instrumento de pesquisa. A partir dos indicadores obtidos, foi possível traçar um perfil do leitor da informação econômica digital, aprofundando-se no entendimento de seu comportamento em relação às mídias digitais e à informação econômica disseminada por meio destas mídias dentro do contexto de sua recepção e uso pelo leitor. Observou-se, então, que a recepção da informação econômica na mídia digital, de forma geral, apresenta um quadro preocupante. Apesar de ter consciência da relevância da Economia para o desenvolvimento pessoal e social, o receptor percebe a informação econômica representada por uma linguagem específica e complexa, cujo sentido ele não está preparado para perceber. Dessa forma, a informação não se apresenta atraente inibindo sua busca nos portais e dificultando o convívio e a compreensão do tema e, consequentemente, seu uso adequado e eficiente.

The aim of the research was to investigate how South Africa Further Education and Training learners acquire, recall, process and present information in a digitally enabled environment. To determine how a changing society and technology have influenced the way learners interact with information in an educational environment, recent changes in society and their influences on young people were examined as well as the traits of the generations with respect to character, family life, the future, peers and technology. This revealed that learners today need · material in visual format; · to find or create their own learning content; · fast access to learning material; and · learning material with long-term career value. It was also apparent that they are motivated by technology used in information transfer, are active learners and regard learning as a social activity. The methodology of case study action research was used. Note was taken of measures to ensure reliability and validity and applied to this research to ensure that the findings are valid and reliable as well as generalisable in South Africa beyond the confines of Pinelands High School (PHS). Two case studies observing the learners at PHS were undertaken:- creating web sites for the ThinkQuest web design competition and a building a web-based CV. The learners were heterogeneous and displayed a range of skills, ages, academic abilities and prior experiences. Many different management formats were employed, such as learning at a distance, in a contact environment, with examples and specific or open-ended instructions as well as different forms of motivation, time for the work in hand, etc. The major findings of the research were the influence of peers and importance of external motivation in the form of grades on the learners’ cognitive, affective and physical learning activities in the computer laboratory. Secondary findings indicated the importance of content, examples, instructions, time, mental state, classroom ecology, contact environment and software in the way learners acquired, recalled, processed and presented information. The research concluded with a set of actions that should be taken to ensure successful interaction with information in a digitally enabled environment. / Dissertation (PhD (Computer Assisted Education))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

Denna studie syftar till att analysera ledarskapet inom en statlig stadsbyggnadsförvaltning i södra Sverige under pandemin 2021. Baserat på detta syfte har följande frågor formulerats: Hur utspelar sig chefsrollen i en digital arbetsmiljö? Hur uppfattar medarbetarna det digitala ledarskapet? Vad tycker de anställda om att arbeta hemifrån? En kvalitativ fallstudie har genomförts för att besvara dessa frågor, där den huvudsakliga formen för informationsinsamling har varit genom kvalitativa intervjuer med medarbetare och chefer. Resultaten visade att ledarrollen har förändrats i många aspekter sedan pandemin började, särskilt i hur kommunikationen med medarbetare hanteras. Övergången från att arbeta heltid på kontoret till att mestadels arbeta hemifrån har resulterat i en förändring i hur chefer främst hanterar möten och sociala interaktioner. Den sociala sammanhållningen mellan anställda har försämrats, även fast lösningar för att bibehålla den har genomförts. Den allmänna uppfattningen bland alla anställda är att arbeta hemifrån kommer att bli allt vanligare inom arbetsplatsen. Det nämns särskilt att den ökade arbetseffektiviteten och tidsbesparingar, särskilt när det gäller minskad pendling, kommer att göra det svårt att övertyga anställda att återvända till kontoret på heltid. / This study aims to analyze the leadership of a governmental urban planning administration in southern Sweden during the pandemic 2021. Based on this purpose, the following questions have been formulated: How do the managerial role act out in a digital work environment? How do employees perceive that digital leadership? What do employees think about working from home? This qualitative case study has been conducted to answer these questions whereas the main form of information gathering has been through qualitative interviews, with regular employees and managers. The results showed that the leadership role has changed in many aspects since the pandemic began, especially in how the communication between co-workers is handled. The transition from working full-time in the office, to mostly working from home, has resulted in a change in how managers primarily handle meetings and social interactions. It has become more difficult to maintain social cohesion between employees, but measurements to maintain it has been implemented and is something the employees appreciate. That working from home will become increasingly common in public administration is the general perception among all employees. It is particularly mentioned that the gained increased work efficiency and the time savings, especially regarding less commuting, will make it difficult to convince the employees to return to the office on a full-time basis.

Despite decades of automation initiatives, manual assembly still represents one of the most cost-effective approaches in scenarios with high product variety and complex geometry. It represents 50% of total production time and 20% of total production cost. Understanding human performance and its impact in the assembly line is key in order to improve the overall performance of an assembly line. Along this thesis work, by studying the deviations occurring in the line, it is aimed to understand how human workers are affected by certain functioning aspects of the assembly line. To do so, three different influence factors have been chosen, and then observed its impact in human performance: i. How past events occurring in the line affect the current action of the worker. ii. How do scheduled stops affect the current action of the worker. iii. How does theoretical cycle time affect the performance of the worker. In order to observe these influence relationships, it has been used data gathered in the shop floor from SCANIA's Manufacturing Execution System (MES). By applying methods of Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) data has been indexed and the analyzed providing the necessary results for the study. Finally, from the results shown, it can be inferred that variability on the functioning of the line does have an impact on human performance overall. However, due the complexity of the manufacturing system, impact in human performance might not be as regular as initially thought. / Trots decennier av automatiseringsinitiativ utgör manuell montering fortfarande en av de mest kostnadseffektiva metoderna i scenarier med hög produktsortiment och komplex geometri. Den representerar 50% av den totala produktionstiden och 20% av den totala produktionskostnaden. Att förstå mänsklig prestanda och dess inverkan i monteringsledningen är nyckeln för att förbättra den totala prestandan hos en monteringslinje. Utöver detta avhandlingsarbete, genom att studera avvikelserna som uppstår i linjen, syftar det till att förstå hur mänskliga arbetstagare påverkas av vissa fungerande aspekter av monteringslinjen. För att göra det har tre olika inflytningsfaktorer valts och sedan observerat dess inverkan i mänsklig prestation: i. Hur tidigare händelser som uppstår i linjen påverkar arbetarens nuvarande åtgärder. ii. Hur påverkar planerade stopp arbetstagarens nuvarande åtgärder. iii. Hur påverkar teoretisk cykeltid arbetarens prestation. För att observera dessa inflytningsrelationer har det använts data som samlats in i butiksgolvetfrån SCANIAs Manufacturing Execution System (MES). Genom att tillämpa metoder för Knowledge Discovery i Database (KDD) har data indexerats och analyseras vilket ger de nödvändiga resultaten för studien. Slutligen kan det framgå av de visade resultaten att variationen i linjens funktion har en inverkan på den mänskliga prestationen övergripande. På grund av tillverkningssystemets komplexitet kan emellertid effekten i mänsklig prestanda inte vara så regelbunden som ursprungligen tänkt.

Este pesquisa propõe-se a investigar como adolescentes brasileiros, estudantes de língua inglesa, participam e realizam uma atividade de escrita coletiva de um texto teatral em língua inglesa em ambiente digital. Os pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos baseiam-se na teoria sócio-histórica de Vygotsky, na qual se destacam a noção de zona de desenvolvimento proximal e o desenvolvimento de processos psicológicos superiores. A metodologia é qualitativa de estudo de caso. Os dados foram gerados a partir do projeto Drama Club Webwriters desenvolvido nas aulas de Língua Inglesa do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Os participantes são oito alunos do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio divididos em quatro díades que, após a leitura de uma obra adaptada em inglês, a discutem e adaptam a história a um roteiro de peça teatral através do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem ALED (www.ufrgs.br/aled) e o editor de texto colaborativo EquiText (http://equitext.pgie.ufrgs.br). Os resultados apontam a atividade de escrita coletiva de texto teatral em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem como uma nova proposta pedagógica de abordagem processual. A atividade de escrita coletiva com o suporte de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem propicia a interação entre pares de maior e menor conhecimento de língua inglesa, os quais têm favorecida a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento cognitivo ao assumirem uma postura cooperativa. Por fim, considera-se o uso da metafala nas interações entre pares como um indício do processo de aprendizagem. Os dados indicam que o uso da metafala deve ser estimulado nas interações entre pares durante a escrita coletiva em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, que são vistas como momentos significativos para a construção de conhecimento e encontram na diversidade um fator determinante para o desenvolvimento cognitivo. / This research proposes the investigation of how Brazilian adolescents, English students as a foreign language in a public school, participate and carry out a collaborative writing of a play in English language in a digital environment. Theoretical and methodological references are based on the Vygotsky´s theory, especially its notion of zone of proximal development and the development of higher psychological processes. Data have been generated from the project Drama Club Webwriters developed in English classes at Colégio de Aplicação of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Participants are eight pupils in the first year of high school. Divided in pairs and after having read an adapted version in English, they discuss and adapt it into a play script by using the virtual learning environment ALED (www.ufrgs.br/aled) and the collaborative text editor EquiText (http://equitext.pgie.ufrgs.br). Results show that collaborative writing of a play through a digital environment can be seen as a new pedagogical process approach to writing. Collaborative writing supported by a digital environment allows interaction between less and more knowledgeable English learners, who by assuming a cooperative position, may enhance learning and so may develop higher psychological processes. Finally, the presence of metatalk in pair interactions can be considered as an indication of the learning process. Data also suggest metatalk must be stimulated in pair interactions during the collaborative writing through digital environments for those represent meaningful moments for knowledge construction. Diversity in pair interactions is seen as a determinant aspect of for cognitive development.

L'avènement des technologies numériques, notamment des réseaux numériques, a servi de prétexte pour introduire dans le droit d'auteur des réformes qui mènent à une mutation profonde de ce droit. Un précédent a été créé par l'inclusion des logiciels et des bases de données électroniques dans son champ de protection ; ce sont de créations strictement fonctionnelles, qui ne devraient pas appartenir à la catégorie « oeuvre de l'esprit ». Cela ne pouvait qu'engendrer une distorsion du critère de l'originalité. En outre, la nature de ces objets imposera d'adapter le régime juridique ainsi que les règles de titularité. Naquit ainsi, au sein du droit d'auteur classique, un paradigme spécial que tout rapproche du copyright américain. Centré sur l'investisseur et sur la notion de fixation, il est désormais en train de contaminer le droit d'auteur. Au demeurant, on ne peut négliger l'influence capitale du copyright américain dans tout ce processus de construction et d'extension puisque certains de ses concepts et principes se retrouvent aujourd'hui dans le droit d'auteur. On assiste à un véritable mouvement de déconstruction du droit d'auteur personnaliste hérité de la Révolution française et dont l'apogée fut la loi du 11 mars 1957. Nous mettrons en évidence les divers facteurs qui ont agi et qui agissent conjointement aux niveaux national, communautaire et international, tout en démontrant que si l'environnement numérique pose certes des difficultés pour l'exploitation des oeuvres de l'esprit, le droit d'auteur, centré sur l'auteur et fondé sur la notion de communication au public, était bel et bien capable d'y faire face sans avoir besoin d'ébranler ses assises / The advent of digital technologies, including digital networks, served as a pretext to introduce author's right reforms that lead to a profound change in this right. A precedent was set with the inclusion of software and electronic databases in the field of protection as these are strictly functional creations that should not belong to the category of "oeuvre de l'esprit". This inclusion leads to a distortion of the criteria of originality as well as the need to change both the rules of ownership and the legal regime of author's rights. Consequently a special paradigm, similar to U.S. copyright, is born inside the classical author's right system. Focused on the investor and in the notion of fixation, this special right of sotware and database now contaminates the author's right system. We cannot ignore the important influence of American concept of copyright in the whole process of construction and expansion of this special paradigm as some of its concepts and principles are reflected in today's notion of author's rights. We are witnessing a movement of deconstruction of the author's rights personalist legacy of the French Revolution which culminated in the Act of 11 March 1957. We will highlight the various factors that have acted and act jointly at national, EU and international level to produce this result, while demonstrating that while the digital environment certainly poses difficulties for the use of works of authorship, the author's right, author-centered and based on the notion of communication to the public, would indeed be able to cope with digital environment without the need to undermine its foundations