Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2007. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-65).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:39:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6355.pdf: 5566479 bytes, checksum: 47cf8f5e1885ed35f394023378a1285d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-18 / Several works have been done worldwide and are dedicated to the advancement of software that enables the comparison and reading of fingerprints. Literature shows several works related to the development of scientific techniques that allow the improvement in the collection and disclosure of fingerprints left at crime scenes. Some of those techniques are based on the use of high-tech materials and devices, such as gold nanoparticles and thin films made of copper and gold. However, the cost of these techniques is very high for everyday use, especially when considering the financial budgets for police apparatus in developing countries. Attempting to improve economically such viable and efficient techniques in order to permit the disclosure of latent fingerprints left at crime scenes, this work aims the studying and development of the ninhydrin colorimetric method, by performing numerous tests on fingerprints deposited on porous surfaces, such as paper and walls. Once confirmed the viability of ninhydrin employment, both in laboratory and on-site, and also having adjusted the optimum temperature for rapid revelation; this study provides the use of image-processing software, enabling the expert to compare, in real time, even at the site of criminal traces, the fingerprint image found with the official registry database, thus, obtaining the identity of the offender within a short period of time. / Diversos trabalhos de pesquisa em todo o mundo se dedicam ao desenvolvimento de softwares que viabilizem a comparação e leitura de impressões digitais e alguns estudam o desenvolvimento de técnicas científicas que permitam a melhoria na coleta e revelação de impressões digitais deixadas em locais de crimes. Parte das técnicas vistas em estudos atuais é baseada no uso de alta tecnologia, como é o caso das nano partículas de ouro ou mesmo de filmes finos de cobre e ouro, todavia apresentam custo exorbitante para o uso diário, sobretudo se considerados os orçamentos financeiros dos aparatos policiais de países em desenvolvimento. Buscando técnica economicamente viável e eficiente, para permitir a revelação de impressões digitais latentes deixadas em locais de crime, o presente trabalho visa ao estudo e pesquisa do método colorimétrico da ninidrina, através da realização de testes sobre impressões digitais depositadas em superfícies porosas, como papel, madeira e paredes. Constatada a viabilidade do uso da ninidrina, tanto em laboratório como in loco, bem como definida a melhor temperatura para a revelação rápida, avança este estudo na utilização de software de tratamento de imagem que permite ao perito, em tempo real, ainda no sítio de vestígios criminais, comparar a imagem da impressão digital revelada com banco de dados oficiais de registro, obtendo assim, em instantes, a identidade do autor do crime.

Die Bedeutung der Informations- und Werbefunktion von Verpackungen hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten stetig zugenommen. In diesem Zusammenhang stiegen die Anforderungen an die Qualität des Druckes auf den verschiedenen Packmitteln wie z.B. Dosen, Schachteln, Beuteln ebenso wie auf den Etiketten. Aufgrund der Vielfalt der Substrate und der Unterschiede im Herstellungsprozess der Packmittel kommen verschiedene Druckverfahren zum Einsatz. Dabei wird zwischen den konventionellen Druckverfahren wie z.B. Offsetdruck, Flexodruck, Tiefdruck, Siebdruck und Tampondruck und den Digitaldrucktechnologien unterschieden. [... aus dem Text]

Este projeto verificou a influência dos produtos químicos utilizados no processo de preparação de tecidos planos de algodão, para posterior estampa por processo digital com corantes reativos. No processo de preparação verificou-se a influência dos fatores quantidade de espessante, anti-migrante, álcali, agente higroscópico e cloreto de sódio (NaCl), utilizou-se um planejamento fatorial 25, cinco pontos centrais, para estudo dos ensaios, tendo como resposta a intensidade colorística (K S-1) das cores amarelo, vermelho, azul e preto, avaliando os índices de solidezes à água e à fricção. Baseando-se no modelo matemático obtido, aplicou-se receita otimizada com economia de 35 g L-1 e 45 g L-1 de espessante e NaCl, respectivamente. A aplicação gerou maiores valores de K S-1 em três das quatro cores estudadas. Somente a cor azul apresentou menor valor, porém com uma diferença de apenas 0,06 unidades, considerada não significativa. Nas solidezes testadas, a nota mínima obtida foi de 4/5, considerada como satisfatória em uma escala de 1 a 5, onde 1 é o pior resultado e 5 o melhor, ou seja, não houve detrimento nos índices de solidezes testados na receita otimizada em relação à receita de maior K S-1 do planejamento / This project verified the influence of the chemicals used in the process of preparation of cotton fabrics, for subsequent digital printing with reactive dyestuff. In the preparation process, the influence of the factors \'amount of thickener\', \'anti-migrant\', \'alkali\', \'hygroscopic agent\' and \'sodium chloride (NaCl)\' were used, being the answer coloristic intensity (K S-1) of the yellow, red, blue and black colors, evaluating the color fastness to water and friction. Based on the obtained mathematical model, an optimized recipe with savings of 35 g L-1 and 45 g L-1 of thickener and NaCl, respectively, was applied. The application generated higher values of K S-1 in three of the four colors studied. Only the blue color had lower value, but with a difference of only 0.06 units, considered not significant. In the solids tested, the minimum score obtained was 4/5, considered as satisfactory on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 is the worst result and 5 the best, that is, there was no detriment in the color fastnesstested in the optimized recipe in relation to the recipe of greater K S-1 of the planning

A utilização da quitosana como fixante de corantes tem se mostrado relevante, devido a sua estrutura química que é responsável pelas suas propriedades biodegradável e antibacteriana. O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal utilizar a quitosana para auxiliar na fixação de corantes pigmentados utilizados na estamparia digital. Também foi testada a carboximetilcelulose. A quitosana foi dissolvida em ácido acético 2% (v/v) nas concentrações de 5, 10, 15 e 22,2 g/L, enquanto a carboximetilcelulose foi dissolvida em água na concentração de 14,28 g/L Os polímeros foram aplicados como pré e pós tratamentos em malha de algodão por dois processos diferentes, via Foulard e por estamparia de quadros. A presença dos polímeros impregnados nas fibras de algodão foi avaliada por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). As amostras de malha tratadas e não tratadas (controle) foram lavadas por 54 vezes simulando o uso de uma camiseta durante um ano e avaliadas em espectrofotômetro quanto à solidez da cor a lavagem utilizando os parâmetros escala cinza e sistema CIELAB E*. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a utilização da quitosana e da carboximetilcelulose como pós-tratamento melhoraram o desempenho da solidez da cor a lavagem em 64% quando avaliada por CIELAB E* e 68% respectivamente quando avaliada por escala cinza. As amostras com aplicação de quitosana e carboximetilcelulose como pré-tratamentos apresentaram valores menores de solidez, quando comparadas às amostras pós-tratadas / The use of chitosan as binder has become relevant due to its chemical structure which is responsible for its biodegradable and antibacterial good. The present study is aimed to the use of chitosan to aid in the fixation of pigmented dyes used in digital printing. A carboxymethylcellulose was also tested. The chitosan was dissolved in 2% (v / v) acetic acid at the concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 22.2 g / L, while a carboxymethylcellulose was dissolved in water at 14.28 g / L. applied as pre and post treatments in cotton mesh by two different processes, Foulard and silk-screen. The presence of polymers impregnated in the cotton fibers was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The treated and untreated mesh samples were washed 54 times simulating the use of a T-shirt for one year and evaluated in spectrophotometer for color fastness to wash, using the CIELAB E * system. The results showed that the use of chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose as a post-treatment improved the color wash performance in 64% when evaluated by CIELAB E * and 68% when evaluated by gray scale. The samples with application of chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose as pre-treatments presented lower values of color fastness, when compared to the post-treated samples

’Point of view’ is an investigation of changeable surface patterns in the textile design field. The investigation is performed in order to get a deeper understanding of the relationship between changeable surface patterns and three-dimensional contexts to explore alternative methods.  The aim is to design surface patterns in a three dimensional context developed through printing and layering techniques, and to explore how the patterns change depending on the observer’s perspective. Practice based design experiments were carried out to explore materials and printing techniques such as transfer, digital and burn out. The patterns were in turn placed on a cubic frame with inner and outer layers, and studied for their effects on one another.  The project resulted in a series of surface patterns that were applied in a spatial context. The findings propose an alternative method for designing changeable surface patterns in a three-dimensional setting, using layers, transparency and distance as factors.

This report investigates the conventional female silhouette through common assumptions of the body. Moreover, different perspectives of the body and the dressed body is analysed and considere. Conventional pattern construction is based upon these assumptions of the female body. To expand the perspective, an experimental approach is implemented to display new expressions of the female silhouette and define and explore these characteristics through form. The work is conducted by rethinking the conventional female silhouette in terms of volume and composition extracted from traditional cuts in womenswear. Furthermore, to challenge expectations on female silhouette using seams and darts to create concave and convex volumes, to correspond with bodily shapes which then are rearranged in a non traditional composition.

Die Bedeutung der Informations- und Werbefunktion von Verpackungen hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten stetig zugenommen. In diesem Zusammenhang stiegen die Anforderungen an die Qualität des Druckes auf den verschiedenen Packmitteln wie z.B. Dosen, Schachteln, Beuteln ebenso wie auf den Etiketten. Aufgrund der Vielfalt der Substrate und der Unterschiede im Herstellungsprozess der Packmittel kommen verschiedene Druckverfahren zum Einsatz. Dabei wird zwischen den konventionellen Druckverfahren wie z.B. Offsetdruck, Flexodruck, Tiefdruck, Siebdruck und Tampondruck und den Digitaldrucktechnologien unterschieden. [... aus dem Text]

This thesis is in support of the exhibition entitled Getting Warmer, on display in Slocumb Galleries at East Tennessee State University from March 19 to March 23, 2007. The exhibition represents an exploration in the medium of fibers, incorporating digitally printed photographs on fabric and quilted structures. The collage of photographic textures and the stitched lines of machine embroidery reflect the artist's interest in the formal qualities of mapmaking and topography. Conceptually, the work is concerned with the idea of material as landscape and artwork as personal geography. This thesis addresses the artistic and cultural influences, the artistic process and previous works, and the conceptual development of the work.

Throughout history, the spread of microorganisms has caused much damage including infectious diseases and deaths. Ever since humans realized the impact of bacteria especially on population health many efforts have been done to combat the spread of pathogens. Textiles, as suitable environments for the growth of microorganisms are one of the major sources of epidemics. Therefore, producing antibacterial textiles can lessen the chances of transmission of microorganisms. In spite of effective protection antibacterial textiles offer, lack of comfort can result in less interest in the products from the users. The aim of this project is to use valve-jet printing as a resource-efficient finishing method to produce antibacterial textiles and measure its effect on comfort properties. As a natural, non-toxic, and biodegradable antibacterial agent, chitosan was chosen to be printed on cotton fabric. An ink with 0.5 w/v% concentration of chitosan dissolved in 1.5v/v% acetic acid was prepared and printed on cotton fabric through ChromoJet printer. The fabric was cured at 150°C for 1 minute to stabilize the chitosan on cotton. Three types of printed fabrics were produced with different number of printing passes. The samples were characterized by various methods to investigate the performance of printed chitosan ink on the antibacterial and comfort properties of the cotton fabric. Results indicate a successful printing of chitosan ink on cotton fabric through valve-jet printing method. Results further showed that multiple printing passes of chitosan ink on cotton fabric can result in higher antibacterial activity. However, with excessive increase of chitosan, the fabric compromises the hand feel and softness. Results also showed an increase in air permeability with the increment in the amount of chitosan on the cotton fabric, whereas capillary rise decreased with the increase of chitosan amount. Contact angle measurement and hydrostatic pressure test showed that between the printed and not-printed samples no big difference was observed in terms of hydrophilicity. The result of the thesis is of great importance as they introduce new printing process for the fabrication of antibacterial textile with comfort properties for various applications.