Using mixed methods, this study examined the nature of teacher-student interaction in an asynchronous, statewide, self-paced virtual high school. Eight teachers were interviewed to understand their perceptions on the nature of interactions and their role as a virtual school teacher. Interactions were primarily instructional in nature, taking the form of feedback on student assignments. There were few procedural and social interactions. In general, teachers felt disconnected from their students due to the large class sizes and limited interactions. They also felt disconnected from their peers and the role of a teacher as they traditionally defined it. To understand the relationship between perceived interaction and academic performance, 46,089 students were surveyed using an 18-item instrument designed to assess the types and frequency of interaction. Hierarchical linear modeling and hierarchical logistic regression on the 2,269 responses indicated significant differences between completers' and non-completers' perceptions of teacher-student interaction. However, there were minimal differences between students based on grade awarded and teacher-student interaction. The results of this study were discussed as well as implications for practitioners and researchers. The full text of this dissertation may be downloaded for free from http://etd.byu.edu/

Large-scale green space in city sometimes can bring isolation and disconnection. And isolation and disconnection make it become negative and even a barrier in urban space with time.

Many individuals in late modern society share experiences of an accelerating pace of life, time scarcity, and a pressure to keep up with the fast pace of change as well as a necessity to stay digitally connected. As a reaction to this, some individuals engage in attempts to disconnect from the online world and their digital devices as they seek to regain control and slow down the pace in life. This study examines deliberate disconnection through the experiences of individuals who engage in digital minimalism, referring to intentional, voluntary practices of paring back on technology in a long-term perspective. The purpose of the study was to explore challenges and benefits, and more specifically, to identify underlying motives and strategies for adopting digital minimalist practices. Analysing the above process, the thesis investigates also how these practices were negotiated over time and in what way motives were related to conscious counteraction of the overwhelming paste of contemporary life. The analysis was focused on the use of smartphones in everyday life. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven individuals adopting digital minimalist practices. The empirical data was analysed using concepts from Hartmut Rosa’s theory of social acceleration. The results from the study pointed out that digital minimalist practice was motivated in a strive to either reclaim or preserve control and rhythm. In line with this, motives were based in a strive to counteract unintentional actions, and therefore strategies mainly concerned attempts to increase the threshold to engage with the smartphone. Experience was marked by benefits of reclaiming control over time which fostered well-being, increased attention to social relations in real life and confidence, but also marked by challenges and ambivalence as the individuals struggled maintaining their strategies. Engaging in digital minimalism fostered those strategies and beliefs to be (re)negotiated as certain circumstances and shifts in life fostered digital availability to a higher degree.

Bakgrund: Cancer drabbar många människor och en vanlig behandlingsmetod är cytostatika. Cytostatika kan administreras intravenöst via en venport och med hjälp av en elastomerisk infusionspump. Idag sker oftast avvecklingen av infusionspump och venportsnål på olika mottagningar. Dock kan många sjukvårdsåtgärder utföras i hemmet av patienterna själva, så kallad egenvård. Motiv: För patienter med cancersjukdom som undergår cytostatikabehandling kan tillvaron till stora delar bestå av provtagningar, cytostatikabehandlingar, läkarmöten, och olika undersökningar. Genom att patienterna självständigt avvecklar infusionspump och venportsnål kan eventuellt deras delaktighet och kontroll öka och en känsla av förbättrad livskvalité möjligen uppnås. Syfte: Denna studie undersökte patienters förmåga att självständigt avveckla infusionspump och venportsnål efter avslutad cytostatikainfusion. Delsyften var att undersöka om det var någon skillnad beroende på vilken typ av miljö avvecklingen utfördes i, samt att belysa patienternas upplevelse av att självständigt utföra momenten. Metod: En observationsstudie med mixad metod genomfördes. Fem patienter genomförde självständig avveckling i två miljöer: på hälsocentral/sjukhus samt i det egna hemmet. Kvantitativ data från observationsprotokoll analyserades genom deskriptiv statistik. Kvalitativ data, deltagarnas kommentarer, analyserades genom tematisk analys. Resultat: Resultatet av den kvantitativa delen visade att det fanns förmåga hos patienterna som deltog i studien att självständigt avveckla infusionspump och venportsnål i hemmet. Vid jämförelse mellan resultaten i de olika miljöerna ses skillnader. Den kvalitativa delen resulterade i 3 olika teman: Förväntansfull tro på sin förmåga, Känsla av något spännande och Känsla av frihet och kontroll. Konklusion: Deltagarna hade förmåga att självständigt avveckla infusionspump och venportsnål i hemmet. De hade även viljan att utföra proceduren och såg flera fördelar med att självständigt utföra avvecklingen i hemmet. / Background: A common treatment method for cancer is chemotherapy administrated intravenously through subcutaneous venous port and elastomeric infusion pump. Today, disconnection of infusion pump and needle is usually done by nurses, however many healthcare tasks can be performed at home by patients themselves, so-called self-care. Motive: Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy spend a lot of time on receiving treatments and treatment-related activities. By independently disconnecting infusion pump and needle, patients’ participation and quality of life may increase. Other possible benefits are reduced travel costs for patients’ and improved efficiency for healthcare organisations along with the fact that patients would receive their entire chemotherapy treatment. Aim: This study investigated patients’ ability to independently disconnect infusion pump and venous port needle after completing chemotherapy treatment. Sub-aims were to investigate whether there were differences depending on type of environment in which the disconnection took place, as well as to shed light on patients’ experiences of performing the procedure independently. Methods: A mixed method observational study was conducted. Five patients’ performed independent disconnection in two environments: at health center/hospital and in their own homes. Quantitative observation protocols data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Qualitative data, the participants’ comments, were analyzed through thematic analysis. Result: The quantitative part showed that participants’ had the ability to independently disconnect the infusion pump and venous port needle. When comparing between the two environments, participants’ performed better in their own homes. The qualitative part revealed three themes: Anticipation and belief in one's ability, Feelings of something exciting and Feelings of freedom and control. Conclusion: Participants’ were able to independently disconnect infusion pump and needle at home. They also had the desire to perform the procedure and saw several advantages in independently performing the procedure at home.

The literature review revealed co-morbidity between adverse childhood experiences, adult psychopathology and alcohol dependence, although causality was questionable due to multiple variables. The current study used 54 clients at the acute end of the spectrum of severe alcohol dependence from a specialist tertiary substance misuse service (clients) and a control group of 54 non-problematic drinkers from an NHS working population (controls) to examine possible differences in security of attachment and maladaptive schemas and investigated how early relational experiences influenced core beliefs regarding self, others and intimate relationships and therapeutic implications for severely alcohol dependent clients’ engagement in specialist services. The study was divided into two sections: (1) quantitative analysis using Feeney, Noller and Hanrahan’s (1994) Attachment Style Questionnaire to measure attachment style and Young’s Schema Questionnaire (Young & Brown, 2001) to measure maladaptive schemas in the domain of disconnection and rejection and (2) qualitative analysis, using Interpretational Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore eight severely alcohol dependent clients’ subjective experiences of intimate relationships. Clients scored significantly lower in secure attachment style and significantly higher in both avoidant and ambivalent attachment style than controls and suggested overlapping between the two dimensions, known as ‘fearful avoidant’ attachment. Clients scored significantly higher than controls in all five sub-categories of maladaptive schemas in the domain of disconnection and rejection, namely mistrust/abuse, emotional deprivation, abandonment, social isolation/alienation and defectiveness/shame. IPA revealed common themes of negative parent-child interaction: physical and psychological abuse, neglect and explicit maternal rejection and emotional deprivation and hostile and abusive parent-parent interaction. These aetiological factors influenced fearful avoidant attachment and maladaptive core beliefs. Negation of children’s needs implicated an immaturely developed diffuseness of identity and defective self that inhibited formation of intimate adult relationships. A bio-psychosocial explanation suggested alcohol ameliorated hyper-vigilant anxiety and depression from adverse childhood experiences within a threatening family environment that implicated insecure attachment, maladaptive core beliefs and negative self-identity, inhibiting emotional intimacy. It advocated screening procedures and an integrated CBT and schema-based therapeutic approach for those at the more severe end of the spectrum of alcohol dependence deemed at risk of not engaging or disengaging prematurely from services.

As organizações encontram-se em um ambiente de acirrada e crescente concorrência, exigindo delas rapidez, flexibilidade e alta percepção. As decisões tomadas pelos administradores tornam-se mais importantes e freqüentes, devendo combinar velocidade e embasamento. Assim, a atuação destes profissionais, torna-se mais crítica e importante para o desempenho das organizações. Para atuarem satisfatoriamente neste contexto competitivo, os administradores necessitam ter disponível seu principal instrumento: a informação. Com este objetivo, muitos recursos são investidos em sistemas de informação, mas nem sempre os resultados esperados são alcançados. Este trabalho aborda a desconexão entre desenvolvedores e usuários de sistemas de informação, como problema nas organizações; investiga como esta desconexão afeta a obtenção de informação pelos decisores e apresenta formas de aproximação entre desenvolvedores e usuários, visando melhorias no uso de sistemas de informação. / Organizations meet in an environment of hard and growing competition, demanding from them, speed, flexibility and high perception. Decisions taken by the administrators become more frequent and important, and they should combine speed and foundation. Thus, these professionals' work, becomes more critic and important to the performance of organizations. In order to act satisfactorily in this competitive context, these administrators need to have available their main instrument: information. With this objective, many resources are invested in information systems, however, the expected results are not always reached. This work approaches the disconnection between developers and users of information systems, as a problem in organizations; it investigates how this disconnetion affects the obtainment of information by the decision makers and it presents approaching ways between developers and users, seeking improvements in the use of information systems.

<p>Vårt syfte med den här uppsatsen är att besvara följande frågeställningar:</p><ul><li>Vilka fördelar och nackdelar ser remissinstanserna med utredningens förslag?</li><li>Är det några speciella områden där åsikterna går isär eller är liknande?</li><li>Vilket stöd finns för utredningens förslag? </li></ul><p>Bakgrunden till att vi valt just detta ämne är att sambandet mellan redovisning och beskattning är ett komplicerat område som är sammankopplat på olika sätt.</p> / <p>Our purpose with this paper is to find out:<strong><em></em></strong></p><ul><li>What advantages and disadvantages does the proposal have, according to the bodies to which the proposal has been referred for consultation?</li><li>Are there any special areas where the opinions are alike or part from each other?</li><li>What is the support for the proposal?</li></ul><p>The reason for choosing this specific subject is that the connection between accounting and taxation is a complicated area, with many interconnections in different ways.</p>

Vårt syfte med den här uppsatsen är att besvara följande frågeställningar: Vilka fördelar och nackdelar ser remissinstanserna med utredningens förslag? Är det några speciella områden där åsikterna går isär eller är liknande? Vilket stöd finns för utredningens förslag? Bakgrunden till att vi valt just detta ämne är att sambandet mellan redovisning och beskattning är ett komplicerat område som är sammankopplat på olika sätt. / Our purpose with this paper is to find out: What advantages and disadvantages does the proposal have, according to the bodies to which the proposal has been referred for consultation? Are there any special areas where the opinions are alike or part from each other? What is the support for the proposal? The reason for choosing this specific subject is that the connection between accounting and taxation is a complicated area, with many interconnections in different ways.

As organizações encontram-se em um ambiente de acirrada e crescente concorrência, exigindo delas rapidez, flexibilidade e alta percepção. As decisões tomadas pelos administradores tornam-se mais importantes e freqüentes, devendo combinar velocidade e embasamento. Assim, a atuação destes profissionais, torna-se mais crítica e importante para o desempenho das organizações. Para atuarem satisfatoriamente neste contexto competitivo, os administradores necessitam ter disponível seu principal instrumento: a informação. Com este objetivo, muitos recursos são investidos em sistemas de informação, mas nem sempre os resultados esperados são alcançados. Este trabalho aborda a desconexão entre desenvolvedores e usuários de sistemas de informação, como problema nas organizações; investiga como esta desconexão afeta a obtenção de informação pelos decisores e apresenta formas de aproximação entre desenvolvedores e usuários, visando melhorias no uso de sistemas de informação. / Organizations meet in an environment of hard and growing competition, demanding from them, speed, flexibility and high perception. Decisions taken by the administrators become more frequent and important, and they should combine speed and foundation. Thus, these professionals' work, becomes more critic and important to the performance of organizations. In order to act satisfactorily in this competitive context, these administrators need to have available their main instrument: information. With this objective, many resources are invested in information systems, however, the expected results are not always reached. This work approaches the disconnection between developers and users of information systems, as a problem in organizations; it investigates how this disconnetion affects the obtainment of information by the decision makers and it presents approaching ways between developers and users, seeking improvements in the use of information systems.

Latinos are the fastest-growing minority group in the United States and have higher dropout rates compared to other groups. Moreover, problem behaviors are common in preschool classrooms, and the incidence of these problems is higher for children from low-income families. The purpose of this study was to understand Latino children's problem behaviors in the context of peer play interactions and identify those variables that influence such behavior. 265 five and six-year-old Spanish-speaking children (53.6% female) attending Head Start or kindergarten participated in the study. Additionally, 198 mothers and 78 pre-kindergarten and kindergarten lead teachers participated in the study. Child level data were gathered through the Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale, Teacher (PIPPS-T), the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition (PPVT-4), and the Test de Vocabulario en Imágenes Peabody (TVIP). Maternal data were obtained from the Demographic Parent Interview, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Breve Inventario de Síntomas (BIS). Both correlations and the multilevel models showed play disconnection related negatively to the child’s English proficiency and positively to maternal depression. Results suggest that children with lower English proficiency tend to be more disconnected from their peers as compared to children with higher English proficiency. Similarly, mothers with higher levels of depression symptoms had children with higher levels of play disconnection (internalizing behaviors). The current findings are consistent with previous studies and relevant to both researchers and practitioners.