L\'objectiv de cette thèse est de comprendre la notion de divertissement dans les écrits de Blaise Pascal, dans l\'ordre, pour ainsi dire, anthropologique et moral. De la notion de connaissance de soi, nous allons réfléchir sur les concepts clés pascalien qui se rapportent à ce qu\'il appelle l\'étude de l\'homme. / O objetivo da presente dissertação é compreender a concepção de divertimento nos escritos de Blaise Pascal, tanto em sentido, por assim dizer, antropológico, quanto moral. A partir da noção de conhecimento de si, refletiremos sobre os principais conceitos pascalianos que se relacionam com o que ele chamava de estudo do homem.

Penderecki made a tremendous variety of contributions to the cello repertoire. His profound respect for tradition and for his past is deeply appreciated by both performers and audiences. In each individual composition, he explored the cello’s sonorous possibilities and created a new technical and musical palette for the instrument. He worked with legendary, world-renowned cellists who not only gave the premieres of his works but also established deep friendships with him. The Divertimento/Suite for Cello Solo (1994-2013), a compilation of miniature movements, each with its sophisticated structure, demonstrates Penderecki’s three compositional style periods. Baroque and Romantic elements in each movement are achieved within their style characteristics. Penderecki’s Divertimento/Suite for Violoncello Solo is composed of eight contrasting movements that were written during a nineteen-year period. The work is characterized by a Neo-Romantic aesthetic and utilizes the cello’s dark lyrical tones with a variety of timbre and tonal contrasts. The purpose of the present study is to create a practical performance guide to this important musical work with a detailed stylistic, textural, and motivic analysis of all eight movements. Although there are many published documents and analyses of Penderecki’s orchestral, choral, chamber and other solo pieces, the Divertimento/Suite for Cello Solo has yet to be thoroughly researched and discussed in the extant cello literature. It is the lack of research concerning this work that prompts this important study. This analysis will serve to outline the unifying compositional procedures of the work and explain the special instrumental techniques employed. With its illustrations of the motivic, harmonic and the textural relationships of each movement, this study serves as a twentieth-century performance guide for the cello world.

O objetivo da presente dissertação é compreender a concepção de divertimento nos escritos de Blaise Pascal, tanto em sentido, por assim dizer, antropológico, quanto moral. A partir da noção de conhecimento de si, refletiremos sobre os principais conceitos pascalianos que se relacionam com o que ele chamava de estudo do homem. / L\'objectiv de cette thèse est de comprendre la notion de divertissement dans les écrits de Blaise Pascal, dans l\'ordre, pour ainsi dire, anthropologique et moral. De la notion de connaissance de soi, nous allons réfléchir sur les concepts clés pascalien qui se rapportent à ce qu\'il appelle l\'étude de l\'homme.

Submitted by LIZANDRA LIMA (lizandralima@live.com) on 2018-02-23T18:09:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lizandra - dissertação final - ficha.pdf: 1231771 bytes, checksum: 58e043cb8d12e479abc75b7a9dfd7739 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2018-02-27T17:58:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Lizandra - dissertação final - ficha.pdf: 1231771 bytes, checksum: 58e043cb8d12e479abc75b7a9dfd7739 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-27T17:58:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lizandra - dissertação final - ficha.pdf: 1231771 bytes, checksum: 58e043cb8d12e479abc75b7a9dfd7739 (MD5) / Este estudo aborda a estruturação do lazer e da sociabilidade em Alagoinhas-Bahia, entre o final do século XIX e início do XX, período em que o país vivia mais um processo de modernização. Esta ação leva à Freguesia de Santo Antônio das Lagoinhas novos ideais de sociabilidade e divertimento que influenciariam na estruturação da cidade de Alagoinhas. Esta pesquisa de perspectiva histórica possibilita vislumbrar a construção dos espaços de lazer na cidade de Alagoinhas e a representação de suas práticas. O problema norteador apontado foi: Qual o processo histórico que fundou a estruturação das práticas de lazer e de sociabilidade na cidade de Alagoinhas-BA? Evidenciamos que no contexto da investigação, a ideia de lazer não se apresentava consolidada. Falamos de um processo de construção desse fenômeno. Nosso objetivo foi compreender como as práticas de lazer e sociabilidade se estruturaram na cidade, e ainda, apontar e analisar as práticas culturais e suas representações à época. Como metodologia lidamos com a Nova História Cultural. O recorte temporal está entre 1863 e 1930. As fontes usadas foram os periódicos que circulavam na época e produções literárias e acadêmicas acerca do nosso objeto, no período. A partir desta análise é possível concluir que mesmo sem a apropriação dos conceitos atuais, já haviam ações de lazer sendo desenvolvidas na localidade, visando atender os novos ideais de sociabilidade e divertimento, intrínsecos ao processo de modernização. Entre as atividades registradas vemos a influência da população imigrante que chegou a cidade, a partir da construção da ferrovia, como um fator que estimulou as práticas que repercutiram nos novos hábitos culturais da sociedade. / Abstract This study boards the structuring of the leisure and of the sociability in Alagoinhas-Bahia, between the end of the century XIX and beginning of the XX, period in which the country was lived one more process of modernization. This action takes to the Freguesia de Santo Antonio das Lagoinhas new ideals of sociability and amusement that they would influence the structuring of the city of Alagoinhas. This inquiry of historical perspective makes possible to glimpse the construction of the leisure spaces in the city of Alagoinhas and the representation of his practices. The problem guiding pointed was: Which the historical process that did establish the structuring of the practices of leisure and of sociability in the city of Alagoinhas-BA? We show up that in the context of the investigation, the leisure idea was not presenting itself consolidated. We talk about a process of construction of this phenomenon. Our objective went to understand like the leisure practices and sociability they were still structured in the city, and, to point and to analyze the cultural practices and his representations to the period. We used as methodology the New Cultural History. The cutting out historical is between 1863 and 1930. The worn-out fountains were the magazines that were circulating in the time and literary and academic productions about our object, in the period. From this analysis it is possible to end what even without the appropriation of the current concepts, already existed leisure actions being developed in the town, aiming to attend the new ideals of sociability and amusement, intrinsic to the process of modernization. Between the registered activities we see the influence of the immigrant population that reached city, from the construction of the railroad, like a factor that stimulated the practices that had repercussions on the new cultural habits of the society.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:10:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 flavia pereira.pdf: 1305401 bytes, checksum: bb9cb82af2a61453414517b55af20fb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-20 / Education process of the childhood goes to different form in some aspects and similar in another aspects along generations. The integrated elements of these process are historically built, they can present remain and transformations in generation speeches. In this work, we investigate remain and transformations in the education of the childhood, through of the analysis of account childhood memories for three generations from miner migrant resident in the Sao Luis de Montes Belos city. We meet as education founder elements of these three generations of the work, the amusement and the school. These elements, although constituted of the childhood from every interviewee, by the presence or absence, they present specialties every generation and every narrative. We understand a relation of continuity along three generations, once the work, the amusement and the school spend for every, not identical form, but spending for reorientation, overcoat into third generation. For each generation, they gain a meaning, a place, a function, in accordance with the context socio-historic in which the people were inserted. Every generation had a particular form to live itself and to educate the children, being this expression and at the same time the structuring of the very same culture. This way characterized itself for relative practices to the work, to the amusement and to the school. These practices carried of meanings, to found itself in representations about the child and childhood, who lift up of the narrative about three researched generations. Sometime the work, sometime school, or both, are taken as central elements in the preparation from the child to the adult life. The amusement, in turn, in the context of each generation, or it presented itself as a practice not straight connected this preparation, or it found itself between middle to the central elements of this process work and/or school, or still it constituted itself at a right of the child and at a necessity of the childhood. We took as reference theoretical and the lead of this research about study of BOSE (2003), LE GOF (1996), QUEIROZ (1998), BENJAMIN (1987 E 2002), BRETAS (1991), SILVA (2001), SOUSA (2001), PRIORE (2005), VALDEZ (1999 e 2003), ARIÉS (2006), HEYWOOD (2004), LEONTIEV (2004), VIGOTSKY (1998 e 2004), BARBOSA (1997), ROUSEAU (2004), LEWIS (1961), CARVALHO (1995), ALMEIDA (2007), MARQUES, NEVES E NETO (2002) e PINSKY (2005), etc. A careful analysis about interviews, joint by reference theoretical built, it let us to structure this study, which can to contribute for a discussion about childhood and their education. / O processo de educação da infância transcorre de maneira diferente em alguns aspectos e semelhante em outros, ao longo das gerações. Os elementos integrantes desse processo, os quais são historicamente construídos, podem apresentar permanências e transformações, no decurso das gerações. Neste trabalho, investigamos permanências e transformações na educação da infância, por meio da análise de relatos de memórias de infância de três gerações de migrantes mineiros residentes na cidade de São Luis de Montes Belos. Encontramos como elementos fundadores da educação dessas três gerações o trabalho, o divertimento e a escola. Estes elementos, embora constituidores da infância de todos os entrevistados, pela presença ou pela ausência, apresentam peculiaridades em cada geração e em cada relato. Percebemos uma relação de continuidade ao longo das três gerações, uma vez que o trabalho, o divertimento e a escola perpassam a todas, não de forma idêntica, mas passando por uma reorientação, sobretudo na terceira geração. Para cada geração eles ganham um significado, um lugar, uma função, de acordo com o contexto sócio-histórico em que os indivíduos estavam inseridos. Em cada geração houve um modo particular de se viver e de criar os filhos, sendo este expressão e ao mesmo tempo estruturador da própria cultura. Esse modo caracterizou-se por práticas relativas ao trabalho, ao divertimento e à escola. Estas práticas, carregadas de significados, alicerçam-se em representações acerca da criança e da infância, que emergem dos relatos das três gerações pesquisadas. Ora o trabalho, ora a escola, ou ambos, foram tomados como elementos centrais na preparação da criança para a vida adulta. O divertimento, por sua vez, no contexto de cada geração, ou se apresentou como uma prática não diretamente ligada a essa preparação, ou se encontrou entremeado aos elementos centrais desse processo trabalho e/ou escola, ou ainda se constituiu em um direito da criança e em uma necessidade da infância. Tomamos como referencial teórico norteador dessa pesquisa os estudos de BOSI (2003), LE GOF (1996), QUEIROZ (1998), BENJAMIN (1987 E 2002), BRETAS (1991), SILVA (2001), SOUSA (2001), PRIORE (2005), VALDEZ (1999 e 2003), ARIÈS (2006), HEYWOOD (2004), LEONTIEV (2004), VIGOTSKY (1998 e 2004), BARBOSA (1997), ROUSEAU (2004), LEWIS (1961), CARVALHO (1995), ALMEIDA (2007), MARQUES, NEVES E NETO (2002) e PINSKY (2005), dentre outros. Uma análise cuidadosa das entrevistas, fundamentada no referencial teórico construído, permitiu-nos estruturar esse estudo, que poderá contribuir para a discussão acerca da infância e sua educação.

This study has two divisions: Part I, an historical and analytical summary of the emergence and development of the divertimento and the serenade in the eighteenth century, and Part II, the culmination of these structures in the works of W. A. Mozart. Two primary purposes are envisioned: 1) to further our knowledge of how German Gesellshafts-musik evolved toward its peak in the second half of the eighteenth century, and 2) to furnish a useful analytical handbook of Mozart's works in these genres.

This thesis proposes a new concept of form for Boris Blacher's Divertimento for Woodwinds, Duet for Flute and Piano, and Quintet for Flute, Oboe, Violin, Viola, and Violoncello. In 1950, Blacher began to use systematically varying metric units to provide logic to the apparently arbitrary rhythm of modern music. This practice led the few scholars who have studied his compositions to concentrate on the mathematical organization of metrical units, underestimating other musical elements. This dissertation is based on the idea that it is not the mere disposition of meters, but mostly the interaction between them and other musical elements that makes the peculiar durational scheme audible, thus perceptually relevant. Following this, the technique of expansion and contraction that becomes evident in the organization of the meters is also present in the disposition of durations at other hierarchical levels and in the pitch structure. Furthermore, the mathematical metrical scheme is the foundation for a deeper universe of systematic organization. Blacher's techniques provide a unique sense of movement to his compositions, the aural effect of an "elastically developing music." In Duet and Quintet, this idea is also applied in simultaneity to the registral disposition of pitches and textural development, suggesting vertical elasticity. As a result, Blacher's late compositions suggest a replacement of the traditional concepts of form and texture with a new idea of constantly moving, elastic shape. The methodological approach of this thesis is exclusively analytical and technical, with emphasis on durational and pitch organization, form, texture, and the interaction among these aspects. The individual and comparative analysis of the three compositions reveals a consistent conception of the musical space that emphasizes its bi-dimensional quality. In the Divertimento, the unitary conception of the vertical and horizontal construction is mainly reflected in the bi-dimensional treatment of interval classes that provides coherence to the motivic structure. In Duet and Quintet, this mere idea of consistent organization of the musical materials in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the total space becomes a unique principle of formal definition, the elastic development of the musical content itself.