Annotation: This thesis contains an analyzes of JUDO sporting achievements of women. It examines how the methodology of training techniques and sports preparation of women differs from the men equivalents. Wheather any trainers are concentrated on women's groups. It describes technical, tactical and psychological preparation and the role of the coach. Finally, the thesis will refer to competitions and interest of women to take part in active judo competitions. I will specialise in the female categories . Keywords : women's Judo, training preparation, competitions, success, achievements, results

Title: Analysis of sports form of elite judo athletes Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is testing purposely selected group of elite judo athletes using a battery of tests, which is intended for seinor men's category and find out whether the of performance tests on results of the world competitions. The next aim is describe a judo training of elite judo athletes. Methods: The thesis has an empirical and theoretical-character, which have been used in date collection methods, examining available information from judo training, analysis of professional literature in the field of general sports training and also the experience of many years of competitive practise of the author. The statistical evaluation was used T-test for paired values dependent selection and Spearmen correlation coefficient. Results: The results of this thesis point out that probands who show a high performance in testing are not more successful at world competitons than probands with lower performance in testing. High performance in testing has no effect on success in world competition. Resulting different values of most selected of probands with distinguished from each test in the range of 0.1 - 0.2 diameter marks. Keywords: judo, training, sports form, testing, judo athletes

Title: Lower limb muscle activity during squat and technique seoi nage in judo Objectives: Goals of my work is finding activity lower muscle limb using surface electromyography in shallow squat, deep squat and seoi nage technic in judo. From the obtained results will be compared muscle activity in relative to MVC and compared timing activity of measuring muscles between deep squat and technic seoi nage right. Methods: Research component consisted of 10 subjects, 5 of fitness and 5 are active judokas. With using surface electromyography and kinematic analysis we monitored activity of measured muscles in shallow and deep squat, and seoi nage technic. The size of muscle activity was assessed in relation to MVC. Results: Evaluation of the results showed a higher involvement by m. gluteus maximus in deep squat than shallow squat. Deep squat makes higher muscles activity. Performing of seoi nage technique resulted in higher values by m. quadriceps femoris. Sequence involvement of muscles during deep squat and seoi nage techniques in selected subjects showed we a strong similarity with various techniques. Key words: Lower limb muscle,judo, electromyography, squat, seoi nage

Mémoire (M.Ps.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. / La p. de t. porte en outre: Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en psychologie offerte à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi en vertu d'un protocole d'entente avec l'Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. Bibliogr.: f. [127]-137.

Orientador: Li Li Min / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T08:01:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jacini_WantuirFranciscoSiqueira_M.pdf: 1344884 bytes, checksum: c81854d2225fd240d4f60b8fa20ab14e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Estudos experimentais têm sugerido que a prática de exercícios físicos associados a treinamento, planejamento e execução de movimentos complexos causam alterações estruturais no sistema nervoso. Essas podem refletir modificações benéficas à plasticidade cerebral, em resposta ao aumento da atividade imposta pela aprendizagem motora e exercícios físicos. Todavia, efeitos estruturais, com potencial implicação para o auxílio em reabilitação de problemas neurológicos, não são bem entendidos. A prática de judô demanda planejamento de atividades motoras complexas e exercícios físicos. A prática de corrida de fundo demanda pouca aprendizagem motora e contém exercícios físicos. Nosso objetivo foi Investigar variações no volume de substância cinzenta estimulada pela prática de judô e corrida de fundo através de morfometria baseada em voxels (VBM) em imagens de ressonância magnética (RM). Imagens de RM foram feitas em atletas de judô, de corrida de fundo e não atletas em um scanner de 2T (Elscint Prestige, Haifa, Israel). VBM foi feita usando os programas de analise matemática estatística de imagem (Statistical Parametric Mapping, SPM 2 e Matlab 7.0), utilizando imagens em T1 e voxels isotrópicos de 1mm. Os mapas probabilísticos com a substância cinzenta foram comparados voxel a voxel usando teste t-student para determinar diferenças significativas na CSC entre os grupos. Os resultados finais foram corrigidos por um algoritmo de correção para achados falso-positivos (False Discovery Rate - FDR) que minimiza o efeito das múltiplas comparações e eleva a sensibilidade do resultado final. Foram encontrados aumentos significativos no volume de substância cinzenta, no grupo de judocas em diversas áreas, descritas a seguir: Motoras primárias e suplementar no hemisfério esquerdo: giro pré-central (227 voxels); giro frontal superior (398 Voxels); giro frontal médio (34 Voxels); área motora suplementar (196 Voxels). E no hemisfério direito: área motora suplementar (51 Voxels). Áreas relacionadas a planejamento no hemisfério esquerdo: giro frontal inferior triangular (418 Voxels); rolando opercular (62 Voxels); giro frontal médio orbital (56 Voxels); giro reto (69 Voxels). No hemisfério direito, giro frontal inferior triangular, (162 Voxels) e giro reto (517 Voxels). Áreas relacionadas a concentração no hemisfério esquerdo: giro frontal superior orbital (357 Voxels); giro frontal médio orbital (305 Voxels); giro frontal inferior opercular (530 Voxels). No hemisfério direito: giro frontal superior orbital (283 Voxels); giro frontal inferior opercular (472 Voxels). Região dos lobos occipital e parietal, em áreas relacionadas à visão e associativas no hemisfério esquerdo: giro occipital médio (133 Voxels); giro parietal superior (435 Voxels); giro parietal inferior (46 Voxels). No hemisfério direito: giro occipital superior (169 Voxels); giro parietal superior (114 Voxels). Região do lobo temporal em áreas relacionadas à memória do hemisfério esquerdo: lóbulo para central (55 Voxels); giro temporal médio (326 Voxels); giro temporal inferior (1040 Voxels). No hemisfério direito: giro temporal médio (122 Voxels); giro temporal inferior (398 Voxels). Também foram encontrados aumento na concentração de substância cinzenta, no cerebelo em áreas relacionadas a aprendizagem motora no hemisfério esquerdo: cerebelo 1 (32 Voxels); cerebelo 7b (51 Voxels). No hemisfério direito: cerebelo 6 (29 Voxels). No grupo de corredores fundistas, encontramos alterações significativas, com aumentos e diminuições na concentração de substância cinzenta em diversas áreas. Diferentemente do que foi descrito no grupo de judocas, o grupo de corredores apresentou aumento e diminuição na concentração de substância cinzenta em áreas muito difusas. As alterações foram encontradas nas seguintes áreas: Na região do lobo frontal: houve aumento no volume de substância cinzenta de 14.457 voxels, entretanto apresentou uma diminuição de 5.720 voxels. A diferença entre aumento e diminuição no número de voxels que representaria ganho, foi de 8.737 voxels. Na região do lobo temporal e na insula foram encontradas mais diminuição que aumento: houve aumento no volume de substância cinzenta de 1.629 voxels, entretanto apresentou uma diminuição muito maior, de 9.580 voxels. A diferença entre aumento e diminuição no número de voxels que representaria perda, foi negativa em 7951 voxels. Região do lobo parietal foi encontrado aumento superior a diminuição no volume de substância cinzenta: houve aumento no volume de substância cinzenta de 11.298 voxels, enquanto apresentou uma diminuição de 10.725 voxels. A diferença entre aumento e diminuição no número de voxels que representaria ganho, foi de 573 voxels. Região do lobo occipital foi encontrado aumento superior a diminuição no volume de substância cinzenta: houve aumento no volume de substância cinzenta de 4.241 voxels, enquanto apresentou uma diminuição de 1.047 voxels. A diferença entre aumento e diminuição no número de voxels que representaria ganho, foi de 3.194 voxels. Também foram encontrados mais aumento que diminuição no volume de substância cinzenta no cerebelo: houve aumento no volume de substância cinzenta de 10.117 voxels, enquanto apresentou uma diminuição de 7.778 voxels. A diferença entre aumento e diminuição no número de voxels que representaria ganho, foi de 2.339 voxels. Sugerimos que a prática de esportes resulte em alterações morfológicas no córtex motor primário, cerebelo e áreas associativas. Nossos achados sugerem que planejamento motor e execução de movimento, associada a prática de exercícios físicos podem induzir melhoras na plasticidade cerebral, e justificar o uso de esportes na reabilitação de doenças neurológicas. Treinamento físico em atletas judocas e corredores fundistas induz a plasticidade neural. A magnitude da plasticidade neural são diferentes nessas duas modalidades, sugerindo que as mudanças podem ser específicas de acordo com a modalidade desportiva. O mecanismo da indução da plasticidade neural pode ser relacionado a aprendizagem motora como visto nos judocas ou relacionado a possíveis efeitos de fatores troficos e hormonais no cérebro liberados durante o exercício físico prolongado como visto nos corredores fundistas / Abstract: The regular practice of physical exercises can stimulate the cerebral plasticity, caused a great benefit consequently, to a healthy nervous system. This phenomenon are induced by increases the liberation of many local trophic factor as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and fibroblast growth factor - 2 (FGF - 2). These local trophic factor are responsible for cell surviving, a best resistance to nervous system insults and increases the neuronal connections. Moreover, motor learning was described at literature as an interesting alternative to improve cerebral plasticity, also increasing local tropic factors. Experimental studies have suggested that physical exercise encompassing practice, planning and execution of complex movements is associated with changes in brain structure. These changes possibly reflect plastic modifications of the cortical mantle in response to an enhanced demand imposed by the motor task. In humans, cortical plasticity in relation to physical activities is yet to be fully determined and quantified. Moreover, the effects of physical exercise on brain structure, with intrinsic potential implications for rehabilitation of brain damage, are not fully understood. The practice of judo, as physical exercise, demands complex motor planning and control. The practice of long distance running demands mainly physical exercise. To investigate the variations of gray matter volume stimulated by the practice of judo, a physical exercise involved with complex motor planning and control, by using MRI voxel based morphometry (VBM). Eight judo, eight long distance runners and healthy controls were enrolled in this study. MRI was performed in a 2T scanner (Elscint Prestige Haifa, Israel). VBM was performed using the software package SPM 2, on T1-weighted images with 1 mm isotropic voxels. The resulting gray matter concentration (GMC) probabilistic maps were compared, voxel-by-voxel, using a t-test, in order to determine differences in white and gray matter concentration between controls and judo practitioners. Contrasts were defined in order to estimate the probability of each voxel being gray matter. Statistical results were correct by for multiple comparisons using FDR (false discovery rate). We found significative changes compatible with gray matter increases in the judo players group in many different areas. The increases in gray matter volume are related with the enhanced areas where are neuron cells present, and their was found areas such as: In the region of the frontal lobe; motor areas primary and supplementary in the left hemisphere: pre-central gyrus, (227 voxels); frontal superior gyrus (398 Voxels); frontal middle gyrus (34 Voxels); supplementary motor area (196 Voxels). In the right hemisphere: supplementary motor area (51 Voxels). We also found planning related areas compatible with motor actions in the left hemisphere: frontal inferior triangular gyrus (418 Voxels); rolandic opercular, (62 Voxels); frontal middle orbital gyrus (56 Voxels); rectus gyrus (69 Voxels). In the right hemisphere: frontal inferior triangular gyrus (162 Voxels); rectus gyrus, (517 Voxels). Concentration related areas in the left hemisphere: frontal superior orbital gyrus (357 Voxels); frontal middle orbital gyrus (305 Voxels); frontal inferior opercular gyrus (530 Voxels). In the right hemisphere: frontal superior orbital gyrus (283 Voxels); frontal inferior opercular gyrus (472 Voxels). Region of the parietal e occipital lobes, vision and associative related areas in the left hemisphere: occipital middle gyrus (133 Voxels); parietal superior gyrus (435 Voxels); parietal inferior gyrus (46 Voxels). In the right hemisphere: occipital superior gyrus (169 Voxels); parietal superior gyrus (114 Voxels). Region of the temporal lobe; memory related areas in the left hemisphere: para central temporal middle gyrus (326 Voxels); temporal inferior gyrus (1040 Voxels). In the right hemisphere: temporal middle gyrus (122 Voxels); temporal inferior gyrus (398 Voxels). There were also found GMC increases in the cerebella left hemisphere: cerebellum 1 (32 Voxels); cerebellum 7b (51 Voxels). In the right hemisphere cerebellum 6 (29 Voxels).; On the running group we found many significative alterations when comparing with the health control group. We found increases and diminution on gray matter volume in several areas. The increases or diminution on gray matter volume is compatible with the increases or diminution in the areas where are the presence of more neuronal cell concentration. Differently of what we found in our previous study with judo group, the running group demonstrate an increase and diminution on gray matter volume in many and difuse inespecific areas. That alteration was mostly incompatible between this areas functions and the stimulus of running. The areas where was found increases and diminution of gray matter concentration was: in the region of frontal lobe we found an increase of 14.457 voxels, however this region demonstrated a decrease of 5.720 voxels. The difference between increase and decrease was 8.737 voxels. In the region of temporal lobe and insula was found more diminution then increases in related memory areas Increase in grey matter volume: the increase in grey matter volume was 1.629 voxels, however the decrease was much bigger, 9.580 voxels. The difference between increase and decrease was negative in 7.951 voxels. In the region of parietal lobe was found more increases then diminution in grey matter volume: the increase in grey matter volume was 11.298 voxels, however the decrease was 10.725 voxels. The difference between increase and decrease that represents a gain was 573 voxels. In the region of parietal lobe was found more increases then diminution in grey matter volume: the increase in grey matter volume was 4.241 voxels, however the decrease was 1.047 voxels. The difference between increase and decrease that represents a gain was 3.194 voxels. There were also found increases in the gray matter concentration in the cerebella in motor learning, motor memory and postural control related areas Increase in GMC: the increase in grey matter volume was 10.117 voxels, however the decrease was 7.778 voxels. The difference between increase and decrease that represents a gain was 2.339 voxels. Our findings suggest that motor planning and execution, embedded in sport practice, including judo, can induce plasticity related changes in the brain. These findings can justify the use of sports for rehabilitation of brain injuries such as cerebral palsy or stroke. The physical practice in judo players and long distance runners can increase neural plasticity. The increases of neural plasticity are different between this two sport modalities, suggesting that the change can be specific according to sport modalities. The mechanisms of neural plasticity increases can be related to motor skill as was shown in the judo players group or related to possible effects of tropic factors or hormonal released during prolonged physical exercises as shown in the long distance runners grou / Mestrado / Neurociencias / Mestre em Fisiopatologia Médica

Cette thèse, écrite par un enseignant de judo, s’intéresse aux Professeures de judo en France. Elle relève d’abord les difficultés d’émancipation rencontrées par les femmes dans la société en général et dans le monde du sport en particulier, pour en arriver à la place des femmes dans le monde du judo, qui est un sport avant tout masculin. Les étapes de l’émancipation, du désassujétissement et de la féminisation des compétences sont ainsi abordées. On découvre la prise de conscience des enseignantes de judo de leurs qualités et la considération qu’elles ont de leur profession. Les enquêtes montrent la valeur judoïstique de ces enseignantes comme leur bon niveau d’études. La thèse démontre que les enseignantes interrogées, se répartissant entre niveau local et national, ont des conceptions, des analyses, des problématiques souvent discordantes. On remarque le fort degré d’implication de ces sportives qui ont décidé de transmettre leur passion en enseignant un sport où les résultats féminins sont probants, mais encore trop souvent masqués dans les médias par ceux des hommes. L’ensemble de la thèse s’articule donc autour de la considération apportée aux enseignantes de judo, de la considération propre que se portent ces enseignantes et du profond désir de lutter contre toute forme d’assujettissement, en démontrant qu’elles prennent progressivement conscience de leurs compétences, qui supportent aisément la comparaison avec celles de leurs homologues masculins, encore trop souvent détenteurs de tous les pouvoirs. / This thesis, written by a male judo master/coach, is about French female judo instructors. First, it deals with the difficulties facing women regarding their emancipation in society in general but also more particularly in sports, and especially their roles in the world of judo, which is predominantly male. Thus the different stages of their emancipation, their fight against submissiveness and the way in which the judo skills are becoming more and more female-oriented are discussed. The growing awareness by female judo instructors of their own skills and the regard they have for their profession are analysed. Studies have shown the quality of these female judo instructors as well as their good educational level. The thesis shows that the female instructors, ranging from local to national levels, who were questioned often have conflicting conceptions and analyses of the problems and of the ways to solve them. The high degree of involvement of these sportswomen, who have decided to share their passion through teaching a sport where the results obtained by women are convincing, but too often still concealed in the média by those of men, is noted. Central to the whole thesis is the recognition gained by female judo instructors as well as the awareness they have of their own skills and their deep desire to fight against any kind of disenfranchisement. It shows that they are progressively becoming aware of their own skills, which are easily on par with men’s, who are nevertheless still in a position of authority in the world of judo.

Objetivo: Determinar el Perfil cineantropométrico de la Selección Peruana de Judo infantil, juvenil, junior, y mayores 2009. Diseño: Descriptivo, transversal. Participantes: 37 judokas 24 varones y 13 mujeres, con edades que oscilaban entre 10 y 31 años Material y Métodos: Se utilizó las recomendaciones técnicas propuestas por Heath y Carter (1990) para el Somatotipo y para la Composición corporal la Propuesta por Ross y Kerr (1993), se trabajó en base al protocolo de la Sociedad Internacional para el avance de la Cineantropometría, e instrumental validado internacionalmente y calibrado por antropometristas ISAK Nivel II. Principales Medidas de Resultados: Somatotipo antropométrico por ecuaciones y el fraccionamiento antropométrico de cinco componentes (masa grasa, masa muscular, masa ósea, masa residual y piel) Resultados: El Perfil de la categoría Infantil mostró un somatotipo Meso-endomórfico, con los siguientes componentes: Grasa 27.3%, masa muscular 42.6%, masa ósea 12.1%, masa residual 11.5% y piel 6.5%. El Perfil de la categoría juvenil mostró un somatotipo Mesomórfico balanceado, con los siguientes componentes: Grasa 25.1%, masa muscular 47.5%, masa ósea 9%, masa residual 11.9% y piel 6.5%. El Perfil de la categoría junior mostró un somatotipo Meso-endomórfico, con los siguientes componentes: Grasa 25.7%, masa muscular 47.7%, masa ósea 9.6%, masa residual 11.4% y piel de 5.6%. El Perfil de la categoría mayores mostró un somatotipo Meso-endomórfico, con los siguientes componentes: Grasa 24.1%, masa muscular 48.5%, masa ósea 10.3%, masa residual 11.6% y piel 5.6%. Conclusiones: El perfil cineantropometrico encontrado en todas las categorías no fue ideal para el judo, estando más lejos del perfil ideal la categoría infantil y el género femenino. El componente mesomórfico fue predominante sobre el resto de los componentes del somatotipo, más evidente en los judokas del género masculino. Los judokas más jóvenes (infantiles) poseen un porcentaje mayor de masa grasa y menor masa muscular. Palabras Claves: Cineantropometría, somatotipo, composición corporal, judo / --- Objective: To determine the cineanthropometric profile of the infantile, juvenile, junior Peruvian National Judo Team 2009. Design: Descriptive, transversal. Participants: 37 judokas 24 males and 13 females, with ages ranging from 10 to 31 years old. Material and Methods: technical recommendations proposed by Heath and Carter (1990) for the somatotype and body composition proposed by Ross and Kerr (1993), this work was based on the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of cineanthropometric instrumentally international validated and calibrated by anthropometrics ISAK Level II. Main Outcome Measurements: Somatotype anthropometric by anthropometric equations and the splitting of five components (fat mass, muscle mass, bone mass, residual mass and skin) Results: The profile of the children’s group showed a Meso-endomorphic somatotype, with the following components : Fat 27.3%, muscle 42.6%, 12.1% bone, residual mass 11.5% and 6.5% skin. The profile of the youth category Mesomorphic somatotype showed a balanced, with the following components: Fat 25.1%, 47.5% muscle mass; bone mass 9% and 11.9% residual mass skin 6.5%. The profile showed a somatotype junior Meso-endomorphic, with the following components: Fat 25.7%, 47.7% muscle mass, bone 9.6%, residual mass of 11.4% and 5.6% skin. The profile showed a higher category Meso-endomorphic somatotype, with the following components: 24.1% fat, muscle mass, 48.5%, 10.3% bone, 11.6% residual mass and skin 5.6%. Conclusions: The cineanthropometric profile found in all categories was not ideal for judo, being farther from the ideal profile for the junior category, and female gender. The Mesomorphic component was predominant over the other components of somatotype, more evident in the judokas male. Younger Judokas (children) have a higher percentage of body fat and less muscle mass. Key Words: Cineanthropometric, somatotype, body composition, judo

Name: Characteristics and Development of Combat Sport Sambo Objective of the work: Characterize sambo and its development in the world and the Czech Republic, to point out the differences between sambo and judo. Acquaint the public with this sport, so they gain knowledge of the rules, literature, history, personalities and organizations. Methods: The method of collecting information was studying literature, interviews and personal communication trainers and representatives of the Czech sambo federation, also Slovakian and Russian sambo representatives. Results: In the course of writing this thesis, we have learned more about the situation of sambo in our country and in the world of literature, sambo organizations and the differences between different types of sambo and judo. We have explained the main rules, so that everyone reading this thesis can understand the sport and gain basic knowledge of it. Key words: sambo, sports sambo, combat sambo, judo

De acordo com a Aprendizagem Motora, os golpes de Judô podem ser classificados como habilidades seriadas - implicam a realização de uma sequência de movimentos (componentes) que resulta no desequilíbrio (kuzushi), encaixe (tsukuri) e finalização (kake) do oponente - e abertas - o oponente se movimenta constantemente durante a luta. Tradicionalmente, as técnicas são ensinadas por meio do uchi komi que se caracteriza pela repetição de golpes sem a sua finalização e praticado com pouca ou nenhuma reação do oponente. Considerando a classificação dos golpes, o ensino por meio do uchi komi apresenta limitações por não levar em consideração o contexto da luta que é de natureza dual e dinâmica. Na área de estudos da Aprendizagem Motora, o problema de contexto tem sido investigado por meio da manipulação de dois tipos de meta: a da tarefa e a de aprendizagem. Aplicando-se esses dois tipos de meta à aprendizagem dos golpes de Judô tem-se que a meta da tarefa corresponde à meta do golpe em si e a meta de aprendizagem adiciona a essa meta a situação em que este golpe será utilizado, por exemplo, de shiai ou randori. Isto posto, o presente estudo investigou o efeito da meta de aprendizagem na aquisição do golpe o soto gari do Judô. Foi delineado um experimento constituído por 7 sessões de prática, divididas em: a) pré-teste, que ocorreu na 1ª sessão e objetivou a formação dos grupos experimentais; b) fase de aquisição, da 2ª à 6ª sessões, de prática do golpe o soto gari; c) teste de transferência imediato (TRi) na 6ª sessão realizado imediatamente após a última sessão de prática; d) teste de transferência atrasado (TRa), realizado 7 dias após a 6ª sessão. Os testes de transferência foram constituídos por uma situação de luta controlada. Os participantes (n=24) foram distribuídos em dois grupos experimentais (n=12): Grupo Meta da Tarefa (GMT) e Grupo Meta de Aprendizagem (GMA). Ambos os grupos receberam antes das sessões de prática instrução sobre a meta da tarefa. O GMA foi adicionalmente instruído que ao final das sessões de prática haveria uma luta na qual deveria projetar o oponente utilizando o golpe o soto gari. Na fase de aquisição, em cada bloco das sessões de prática, os participantes assistiram a 3 formas diferentes de executar o golpe o soto gari. Os praticantes foram livres para escolher dentre as 3 formas do golpe uma que iria praticar durante o bloco todo. As escolhas de cada participante foram registradas. Como medidas de desempenho nos testes de transferência foram consideradas: a) a quantidade de tentativas do golpe realizadas; b) em caso de sucesso na execução do golpe, esta foi avaliada seguindo os critérios estabelecidos pela Federação Internacional de Judô para pontuação. Os resultados mostraram que o GMA, ao receber a meta da aprendizagem, elaborou estratégias na escolha das formas de execução do golpe, apresentou superioridade em relação ao GMT na quantidade de tentativas do golpe e, no quesito pontuação, obteve melhora no TRa em comparação ao TRi / According to Motor Learning, Judo techniques can be classified as serial skills - they imply the execution of a sequence of movements (components), resulting in unbalance (kuzushi), preparation (tsukuri) and finishing (kake) of the opponent - and open - the opponent constantly moves during the fight. Traditionally, those techniques are taught through the uchi komi, which is characterized by movement repetition that neglects the finishing phase of the throw and is practiced with little or no reaction from the opponent. Considering the classification of techniques, teaching through the uchi komi presents limitations by not taking into account the context of the fight which is dual and dynamic in nature. In the field of Motor Learning, the context problem has been investigated through the manipulation of two types of goals: task and learning goals. Applying these two types of goals to the learning of Judo technique, the task goal corresponds to the goal of the technique itself and the learning goal adds to this the situation in which this technique will be used, for example, shiai or randori. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of the learning goal on the acquisition of o soto gari Judo technique. An experiment was designed consisting of 7 sessions, divided into: a) pre-test, occurred in the 1st session aimed at the formation of experimental groups; b) acquisition phase, from the 2nd to the 6th practice sessions of the o soto gari; c) immediate transfer test performed immediately after the 6th practice session; d) late transfer test, 7 days after the 6th session. The transfer tests consisted of a controlled fighting situation. Participants (n = 24) were divided into two experimental groups (n = 12): Task Goal Group (GMT) and Learning Goal Group (GMA). Both groups received before the practice sessions instruction about the goal of the task. GMA was instructed additionally that at the end of practice sessions there would be a fight in which participants should project the opponent using the technique o soto gari. In the acquisition phase, in each block of the practice sessions, the participants watched 3 different ways of executing the technique o soto gari. The participants were free to choose among the 3 forms one that would practice during the whole block. The choices of each participant were recorded. As performance measures in the transfer tests the following were considered: a) the number of attempts of the technique made by participants; b) if successful in the execution of the technique (projection), it was evaluated applying the criteria established by the International Judo Federation for scoring. The results showed that GMA elaborated strategies in the choice of the execution forms of o soto gari, presented superiority in relation to GMT in the number of attempts and in relation to scoring an improvement in the TRa in comparison to the TRi

Para alcançar o sucesso esportivo no contexto internacional, ou seja, conquistar medalhas nas principais competições internacionais, é necessária a interação de diversos fatores, sendo alguns deles os aspectos financeiros, as políticas públicas para o esporte, o desenvolvimento do atleta da iniciação ao alto rendimento, boas instalações esportivas, o apoio à carreira de técnicos, a ciência aplicada ao esporte entre outros. Apesar de o Brasil ainda não ser uma potência esportiva, algumas modalidades esportivas se destacam em competições internacionais, como o judô, a natação, a vela e o voleibol. Identificar os motivos pelos quais essas modalidades apresentam sucesso é importante para contribuir para o esporte no país, assim como para se criar uma referência para outras modalidades. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a estrutura organizacional das entidades esportivas e a qualidade dos programas de desenvolvimento de atletas de alto rendimento na modalidade judô, com ênfase nos processos de detecção, seleção e promoção de talentos esportivos (DSPTE) de judocas talentosos nos clubes que se destacam no Estado de São Paulo. Para isso, a pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas (A e B respectivamente) e contou com participação de nove técnicos e quarenta e três atletas das principais entidades esportivas que desenvolvem o judô no estado. Na etapa A, nove técnicos participaram de uma entrevista semiestruturada baseada em dez fatores para o sucesso no esporte. As entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas pelo método Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (LEFÈVRE; LEFÈVRE, 2003). Na etapa B, os quarenta e três atletas responderam a um questionário padronizado sobre a qualidade de detecção e seleção do talento esportivo (DSTE) proposto por Rütten e Ziemainz (2005). Os resultados da etapa A demonstraram que as entidades de prática esportiva são responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento de atleta para o esporte de alto rendimento. Todavia, os técnicos apontaram que não existe uma interação eficiente entre as entidades de judô com as entidades que organizam o esporte e que não existe um sistema nacional de identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos do judô brasileiro. Com relação aos resultados da etapa B, os atletas avaliaram como positivo o apoio dos pais e consideram que conseguir confiança é de fundamental importância na Detecção e Seleção de talentos (DSTE). Por outro lado, classificaram como aspectos negativos o apoio político, os recursos materiais, o papel da escola e a baixa quantidade de atletas detectados e selecionados. Quanto à promoção do talento (PTE), os atletas classificaram como aspectos positivos a qualidade dos treinamentos e dos técnicos, o apoio dos pais e a existência de um bom sistema de competição. Os atletas avaliaram como aspectos negativos o apoio político, econômico e a contribuição da escola para a PTE. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, os atletas do judô são desenvolvidos por cada entidade esportiva de prática, contando com o apoio dos pais e com a boa qualidade dos treinamentos e técnicos, sem que haja uma participação efetiva das entidades de organização esportiva, uma vez que não existe interação entres as entidades para o desenvolvimento da modalidade, assim como não existe um sistema nacional de identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos, e também não se utiliza o esporte na escola para a formação de atletas / The achievement of international sporting successes, that is, winning medals in the major international competitions, requires the interaction of several factors, such as finance, public policies for sport, good sport facilities, support for coaches, science applied to the sport, among others. Although Brazil is not a sports power, some of its sports stand out in international competitions such as judo, swimming, sailing and volleyball. Identifying the reason why these sports are successful is important to contribute to the sport in the country, as well as to create a benchmark to other sports. This research aimed to analyze the organizational structure of sports institutions and the quality of elite athletes development programs in judo, with emphasis on sporting talents detection, selection and promotion processes of talented judokas in sports clubs that stand out in the State of São Paulo. In order to do so, this research was divided into two phases (namely, A and B) and included the participation of 43 athletes and 9 coaches from major sports entities that develop judo in the state. In phase A, nine coaches answered a semi-structured interview based on 10 factors for sporting success. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse method (LEFÈVRE; LEFÈVRE, 2003). In phase B, the 43 athletes answered a standardized questionnaire on the quality of detection and selection of sporting talent proposed by Rütten and Ziemainz (2005). The results of phase A showed that sports practice entities are responsible for developing athletes for elite sport. However, coaches pointed out that there is no efficient interaction among entities in judo with sport management entities and that there is no national system for identifying and developing Brazilian judo talents. Concerning the results of phase B, athletes rated as positive the support of parents and consider that conquering trust is fundamentally important in detection and selection of sporting talents. On the other hand, they rated as negative the political support, the material resources, the role of the school, and the low number of detected and selected athletes. Regarding the talents promotion, athletes rated as positive the quality of training and coaches, the support of parents and the existence of a good competition system. Athletes rated as negative the political and economic support, and the contribution of school to the promotion of talents. According to the obtained results, judokas are developed by each sports practice entity, relying on the support of parents and on the quality of training and coaches, without any effective participation of sport management organizations, since there is no favorable interaction among sport development entities, there is no national system for identifying and developing talents as well as sport is not used in schools for training athletes