本研究針對台灣半導體設計產業的演變軌跡進行探討與分析，本研究以國內技術層次及市場發展都相對優良的IC(Integrated Circuit，簡稱IC)設計產業為範疇，利用安妮塔․麥格漢(Anita M.Mcgahan)在「創新的軌跡」對IC設計產業的演化作分析以及探討，同時亦可將分析結果提供IC 設計產業作為未來發展之參考。研究所得之結論如下: 1、IC設計產業的產品生命週期短，技術汰換率高，市場變化快速。 2、IC設計產業是創造型演變軌跡。 3、台灣IC設計產業者核心資產較不易保護，但核心活動都較堅固。 4、IC設計產業中的電腦晶片組和LCD驅動晶片與視訊控制IC都已為成熟期。 本研究之結論在管理上的意義: 1、IC設計產業的核心資產易遭受威脅，完整的核心活動可降低核心資產所遭受的損失。 2、IC設計產業的核心資產最重要的為專利和產品的研發技術。 3、IC設計產業的核心活動上，因為台灣的上、下游垂直分工的形態，讓台灣IC設計廠商跟供應商的關係大致良好，所以台灣廠商的核心活動也佔有優勢。

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23495号 / 工博第4907号 / 新制||工||1767(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市環境工学専攻 / (主査)教授 米田 稔, 教授 清水 芳久, 教授 高岡 昌輝 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

Over the last years, Web services have become increasingly popular. It is because they allow businesses to share data and business process (BP) logic through a programmatic interface across networks. In order to reach the full potential of Web services, they can be combined to achieve specifi c functionalities. Web services run in complex contexts where arising events may compromise the quality of the system (e.g. a sudden security attack). As a result, it is desirable to count on mechanisms to adapt Web service compositions (or simply called service compositions) according to problematic events in the context. Since critical systems may require prompt responses, manual adaptations are unfeasible in large and intricate service compositions. Thus, it is suitable to have autonomic mechanisms to guide their self-adaptation. One way to achieve this is by implementing variability constructs at the language level. However, this approach may become tedious, difficult to manage, and error-prone as the number of con figurations for the service composition grows. The goal of this thesis is to provide a model-driven framework to guide autonomic adjustments of context-aware service compositions. This framework spans over design time and runtime to face arising known and unknown context events (i.e., foreseen and unforeseen at design time) in the close and open worlds respectively. At design time, we propose a methodology for creating the models that guide autonomic changes. Since Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) lacks support for systematic reuse of service operations, we represent service operations as Software Product Line (SPL) features in a variability model. As a result, our approach can support the construction of service composition families in mass production-environments. In order to reach optimum adaptations, the variability model and its possible con figurations are verifi ed at design time using Constraint Programming (CP). At runtime, when problematic events arise in the context, the variability model is leveraged for guiding autonomic changes of the service composition. The activation and deactivation of features in the variability model result in changes in a composition model that abstracts the underlying service composition. Changes in the variability model are refl ected into the service composition by adding or removing fragments of Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL) code, which are deployed at runtime. Model-driven strategies guide the safe migration of running service composition instances. Under the closed-world assumption, the possible context events are fully known at design time. These events will eventually trigger the dynamic adaptation of the service composition. Nevertheless, it is diffi cult to foresee all the possible situations arising in uncertain contexts where service compositions run. Therefore, we extend our framework to cover the dynamic evolution of service compositions to deal with unexpected events in the open world. If model adaptations cannot solve uncertainty, the supporting models self-evolve according to abstract tactics that preserve expected requirements. / Alférez Salinas, GH. (2013). Achieving Autonomic Web Service Compositions with Models at Runtime [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/34672

本研究以日商在台子公司為個案，探討多國企業核心流程之動態演化與創新研究。分析個案子公司的演化與創新過程，本研究從子公司的組織、母子公司關係、子公司角色、以及其核心流程，發現以下五點： 一. 對子公司的組織管理，母公司運用彈性的管理導向，有助於發揮子公司資源與能力。 二、母公司與子公司互相依存的關係，得以讓母公司可善用地主國的優勢，提昇多國企業整體營運的績效；亦能減少多國企業管理上的困難，甚至有助於多國企業的創新速度。 三、子公司的領導統御的務實化與主動性，有助於專業化資源與能力的提高。透過角色的改變，可擴大國際職責的參與機會。 四、相對於各行其是的多國企業，具有整合執行能力的子公司，可以為多國企業創造價值，並成為知識流通的來源。 五、子公司的動態演化，有助於多國企業的當地知識來源及國際化的拓展。 / This thesis has used Japanese subsidiary in Taiwan as case to study the dynamic evolution and innovation through the core process of MNC. From the view point of the organization control of alleged subsidiary, relationship of parent-subsidiary, subsidiary role in MNC, and its core process of subsidiary, we conclude the major findings are： (1). For the purpose of organization management, Parent company of MNC has adopted the flexible managerial patterns to facilitate subsidiary’s capability and its resources accumulation. (2). Relationship between parent and its subsidiary is interdependence. This kind of relationship helps Parent company who can utilize the net ownership advantages of host country to increase the total operational performance of MNC. It also helps to reduce the management difficulty toward subsidiary of MNC and even helps to increase the speed of innovation. (3). Top management of subsidiary shows their management skill with realistic and takes initiative in helping subsidiary to increase its capability and resources. Through the change of charter or its strategic roles, subsidiary can expand its participation of international responsibility. (4). Compare with other MNCs, subsidiary which has the capability of global integration can generate value-creation activities for MNC. Subsidiary will become the source of knowledge flow for its parent company. (5). The core process of subsidiary with dynamic evolution provides MNC with domestic knowledge. This evolution also helps MNC in internationalization development.