This study has the objective of identifying the possible environmental constraints that has role for the continuous loss of heathland plant Genista pilosa. The study has assessed different environmental settings where the plant occurs by way of overlaying analysis based on multiple spatial data sets. Thereafter empirical change detection analyses on the land use of the study area have been performed on the GIS environment by combining temporal based remotely sensed spatial data. The result was then analyzed using land use dynamicity model and the rates of change on each land use type are identified. Expansion of human activity, especially the spreading of agricultural land and urbanization, is found to be the most determinant factor for the dramatic loss of the plant. Finally serious attention for the protection of the plant is recommended by mentioning the possible problem that would occur due to a loss of biodiversity.

SOFA 2 is a component system employing hierarchically composed components in distributed environment. It contains concepts, which allow for specifying dynamic reconfigurations of component architectures at runtime, which is essential for virtually any real-life application. The dynamic reconfigurations comprise creating/disposing components and creating/disposing connections between components. In contrast to majority of component systems, SOFA 2 is able to specify possible architectural reconfigurations in the application architecture at design time. This allows SOFA 2 runtime to follow the dynamic behavior of the application and reflect the behavior in architectural reconfigurations. The goal of this thesis is to reify these concepts of dynamic reconfigurations in the implementation of SOFA 2 and demonstrate their usage on a demo application.

Actuellement on assiste à une émergence des applications des systèmes embarqués destinées à un large public d'utilisateurs. Ces applications sont de plus en plus complexes et diversifiées. Elles nécessitent une capacité de calcul accrue et doivent satisfaire, dans leurs exécutions, la prise en compte du temps réel. De plus, ces systèmes sur puce fonctionnent dans des conditions souvent difficiles et perturbantes. Ainsi, certaines contraintes temporelles, contraintes de ressources, contraintes de précédence ainsi que d'autres caractéristiques des systèmes généraux peuvent changer au cours d'exécution. Pour respecter leurs contraintes, ces systèmes doivent être capables de supporter la nature dynamique du monde réel depuis la modélisation de l'application jusqu'à son implémentation sur la plateforme d'exécution. Dans cette thèse une nouvelle approche combinant la modélisation haut niveau et l'ordonnancement sur une architecture reconfigurable dynamiquement de nouveau type, a été proposée. Cette approche est originale depuis ça conception en ciblant des applications fortement dynamiques et flexibles. De plus, l'ordonnanceur ainsi développé intègre un nouveau service qui est responsable de la prédiction des variables dynamiques afin d'aboutir à une meilleure exploitation de l'architecture et meilleure performance d'exécution. Des expérimentations ont été présentées sur des applications temps réel. / Embedded systems have important requirements such as reducing complexity and saving development effort. They have also to take account of applications constraints related to timing, resources, tasks precedence relations and other characteristics of general systems that may change during execution. To meet their constraints, these systems must be capable of supporting the dynamic nature of the real world at an early phase of their design. Dynamically reconfigurable architecture (DRA) is presented as the ideal solution to satisfy the highly dynamic and non-deterministic behaviour of current applications since it provides both high performance and run-time flexibility. In this thesis a new approach combining the high level modeling and scheduling on a dynamically reconfigurable architecture of a new type, has been proposed. Based on an original task graph model, the scheduling is performed by a predictive approach. The proposed method aims to better manage the reconfiguration process and minimize its latency. Experimental results based on the original DRA named OLLAF demonstrate the benefits and efficiency of our scheduling technique.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-26T20:23:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:42:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:42:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T19:42:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissACAMS.pdf: 1644362 bytes, checksum: 243d19e39729e6c47bb7cf7a8b21fc88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-23 / Não recebi financiamento / In the framework of foreign language teachers’ formation, studies points out that beliefs can influence teachers’ actions in the classroom and also that these professionals may recall their experiences as language learners in order to make decisions. Therefore, the identification of possible beliefs and the reflection about them are required steps to a better comprehension of the learner. According to Almeida Filho (1993), the beliefs are part of the Global Operation in the language teaching. Following the same thoughts, Barcelos (1995, 2001, 2004a/b, 2006) contributed to the consolidation of the concept of beliefs in Brazil. The present work aims to identify the beliefs about learning and teaching Spanish from students who are beginning the Language’s degree in Portuguese/Spanish, as well as to verify if there were any changes in relation to these beliefs during this research. Considering the qualitative and interpretative aspect of this research, it was used, as methodology, a mixed questionnaire, an autobiographical production and a semi-structured interview. Through these instruments, it was possible to observe the beliefs’ dynamicity. The results indicate a modification in relation to the belief of a supposed facility that Brazilians have to learn Spanish (Kulikowski & González, 1999). The data of this work also presents changes in the view of language as a list of words to be learned, which seems to be modified, prevailing cultural aspects in the language learning. Regarding to teaching, it was acknowledged beliefs related to the image of a good Spanish teacher and to the foreign language classes. The models mentioned by the participants are, largely, influenced by the classes at university and not by their experiences from the Elementary and High school. The study reveals the dynamic and heterogeneity aspect of the beliefs developed by the learners, who demand from their teachers’ professor/trainer a constant critical and reflective acting. / No contexto da formação de professores de língua estrangeira, estudos apontam que crenças podem influenciar suas ações em sala de aula e que estes profissionais podem se basear em suas experiências como aprendizes de línguas para tomar decisões. Portanto, a identificação de possíveis crenças e a reflexão sobre elas são passos necessários para a compreensão do aprendiz. Para Almeida Filho (1993) as crenças são parte da Operação Global de Ensino de Línguas. Assim como ele, Barcelos (1995, 2001, 2004a/b, 2006) contribui para a consolidação do conceito de crenças no Brasil. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos identificar as crenças sobre aprender e ensinar espanhol de estudantes ingressantes do curso de licenciatura em Letras Português/Espanhol, bem como verificar se houve mudanças em relação a tais crenças durante a pesquisa. Considerando a natureza qualitativa e interpretativista desta investigação, utilizamos um questionário misto, uma produção autobiográfica e uma entrevista semiestruturada. Por meio destes instrumentos, pudemos verificar a dinamicidade das crenças. Os resultados obtidos indicam mudança em relação à crença da suposta facilidade do brasileiro em aprender espanhol (Kulikowski & González, 1999). Os dados deste trabalho também apresentam mudanças na visão de língua como uma lista de palavras a ser aprendida que parece estar sendo modificada, prevalecendo aspectos culturais na aprendizagem do idioma. Quanto ao ensino, identificamos crenças relacionadas à imagem do bom professor de espanhol e às aulas de língua estrangeira sendo que os modelos citados pelos participantes são, em grande parte, influenciados pelas aulas na universidade e não nas experiências tidas no ensino fundamental e médio. A pesquisa desenvolvida constata a dinamicidade e a heterogeneidade das crenças desenvolvidas pelos aprendizes, que demandam do formador de professores uma constante atuação crítico-reflexiva.

La réutilisation des services pour prendre en charge de nouveaux processus métier, en plus de l'alignement de l'informatique sur les fonctions métier, constitue une motivation clé pour l'utilisation de l'architecture orientée services (SOA) pour le développement de solutions métier. Dans une architecture orientée services, il est important de faciliter la sélection, la configuration et la composition des services existants pour faire face aux changements d’exécution ou à l’évolution des besoins des utilisateurs finaux. Contrairement aux autres systèmes logiciels traditionnels, le comportement dynamique des systèmes basés sur les services nécessite des informations de qualité de service (QoS) actualisées pour assurer une gestion appropriée dans les différentes étapes du cycle de vie. Les entreprises doivent connaître les performances des services Web et des processus métier pour préserver leur pérennité en matière de réutilisation des services. Les trois principaux avantages de la réutilisation des services sont l'amélioration de l'agilité des solutions en assemblant rapidement de nouveaux processus métier à partir des services existants pour répondre aux besoins changeants du marché, réduire les coûts en ne développant pas de nouveaux services pour activer des fonctions métier similaires dans plusieurs processus métier, mais également le déploiement et la gestion des services dans les environnements d'exécution tout au long du cycle de vie SOA. Cependant, il existe actuellement de nombreux défis liés à la durabilité et à la gouvernance du comportement des services pendant son cycle de vie. Parmi ces défis, on peut citer le niveau de performance, la persistance des exigences et l'adaptabilité du service. De plus, il existe certaines limites des outils de surveillance. Ils manquent d’anticipation dans la détection des problèmes et ils sont passifs et ne sont ni réactifs ni prédictifs. Cette thèse porte sur l’évaluation et les recommandations en matière de performance et de gouvernance des systèmes d’information pour suggérer la réutilisation des services au cours de son évolution. L'objectif est de maintenir la durabilité, la robustesse, l'adaptabilité, la réutilisabilité et l'évolutivité des systèmes d'information. À cette fin, nous évaluons les performances de l'architecture orientée service. Il existe plusieurs solutions de surveillance existantes conçues pour prendre en charge une couche spécifique de SOA. En particulier, BAM est un outil de surveillance des activités commerciales permettant de surveiller le flux de données pour les processus métier. Cependant, la surveillance BAM ne fournit pas l'évaluation des performances pour recommander des services et des processus à réutiliser. Il existe très peu d'approches prenant en charge la surveillance des couches SOA. De plus, les solutions sont partiellement dynamiques avec une aide à la décision limitée. Par conséquent, nous proposons une aide à la décision basée sur la performance pour une architecture orientée services. Il se compose de quatre couches en tant que couches de spécification, de gestion des données, d'exploration de données et de décision. La couche de spécification identifie les exigences de l'utilisateur final et les traite via l'ontologie proposée. La couche de données analyse les indicateurs techniques conformes aux normes de qualité les plus récentes, ISO 25010. Les caractéristiques de qualité sont liées à l'efficacité des performances, à la fiabilité et à la réutilisation. La couche d'exploration de données génère des décisions spécifiques basées sur des instances de service en appliquant les algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique. Il utilise les concepts ontologiques proposés et les règles d'inférence sémantique du service, des processus métier, des couches serveur et d'intégration. La couche d'exploration de données renvoie aux ontologies avec ces décisions spécifiques où des règles plus raffinées ont été générées.... / Reuse of services in supporting new business processes, in addition to alignment of IT with business functions, is a key motivation in using Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) for developing business solutions. In a service-oriented architecture, it is important to smooth the selection, configuration and composition of existing services to deal with the runtime changes or the evolution of End User requirements. In contrast to other traditional software systems, the dynamic behavior of service based systems requires up-to-date quality of service (QoS) information for its proper management in the different stages of the lifecycle. Organizations need to know the performance of Web services and business processes to maintain their sustainability for reuse of services. The three key benefits of service reuse are improving agility of solutions by quickly assembling new business processes from existing services to meet changing marketplace needs, reducing cost by not developing new services for enabling similar business functions across multiple business processes, but also spanning service deployment and management in runtime environments throughout the SOA lifecycle. However currently, there are many challenges related to the sustainability and governance of service behavior during its lifecycle. Among those challenges, one can mention level of performance, persistence of the requirements and adaptability of the service. Moreover, there are some limitations of monitoring tools. They lack of anticipation in problem detection, and they are passive and neither reactive nor predictive. This thesis focuses on providing assessment and recommendations for performance and governance of information systems for suggesting service reuse during its evolution. The aim is to maintain sustainability, robustness, adaptability, reusability and evolvability of information systems For this purpose, we evaluate the performance of service oriented architecture. There are several existing monitoring solutions designed to support a specific layer of SOA. Particularly, BAM is a business activity monitoring tool for monitoring the flow of data for business processes. However, BAM monitoring do not provide the performance evaluation for recommending services and processes to reuse. There are very few approaches that support monitoring of SOA layers together. Furthermore, the solutions are partially dynamic with limited decision support. Therefore, we propose performance based decision support for service oriented architecture. It consists of four layers as specification, data management, data mining and decision layers. The specification layer identifies the requirements from the End User and process through the proposed ontology. The data layer analyzes technical indicators that are compliant to the latest quality standard, ISO 25010. Quality characteristics are related to performance efficiency, reliability and reusability. The data mining layer generates specific decisions based on service instances by applying the machine learning algorithms. It uses the proposed ontological concepts and semantic inference rules of service, business process, server and integration layers. The data mining layer returns back to ontologies with these specific decisions where more refined rules have been generated from new ontological concepts. The decision layer processes these results and generates a global decision in terms of recommendations. It provides multi-viewpoints decision to reuse existing services or suggesting their composition. To motivate the proposition of this approach, we illustrate the implementation of the proposed algorithms for all the four layers by a business process use case and data set of public repository of shared services. The output of our system is recommendation for reuse of atomic service, composite service and resource allocation provisioning. We ensure the sustainability, adaptability...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AuristelaCC.pdf: 405652 bytes, checksum: ffac73459635c9a67e473a5bb77a3591 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-08 / This work aims at encouraging the reading or rereading of tales such as Um homem c?lebre , Cantiga de esponsais , Terps?core , Trio em l? menor , O machete , and Marcha f?nebre from the Brazilian writer Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, hoping to find in them the manifestations of musicality, which is understood, from the viewpoint of contemporary musical theories, as dinamicity indications resulting from the melopaico (melodious verse) stimulus to the understanding of words and/or images, which are inserted in the writing static body from the literary procedures transferring to the text specific characteristics from other arts, such as music, poetry, performatic dance e theater. Such procedures, which are reflected in the writing as a product of Machado s close repertory, often favor, through the fiction, the delineation of the musical context from Rio de Janeiro in the 19th century, as well as the social implications that the transformations of the musical scene impose on the subjectivity constitution / Este trabalho busca o empreendimento de uma (re)leitura dos contos Um homem c?lebre , Cantiga de esponsais , Terps?core , Trio em l? menor , O machete e Marcha f?nebre do escritor fluminense Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, procurando neles observar as manifesta??es de musicalidade, entendendo-se musicalidade sob o ponto de vista das teorias musicais contempor?neas, ou seja, como indica??es de dinamicidade decorrentes do est?mulo melopaico ? apreens?o das palavras e/ou imagens que se inscrevem no corpo est?tico da escrita a partir de procedimentos liter?rios que transportam para o texto caracter?sticas pr?prias de outras artes como m?sica, poesia, dan?a e teatro perform?ticos. Tais procedimentos, que se refletem na escritura como produto do repert?rio ?ntimo machadiano, acabam muitas vezes por favorecer, atrav?s da fic??o, o delineamento do contexto musical do Rio de Janeiro do s?culo XIX, bem como das implica??es sociais que as transforma??es do cen?rio musical impunham ? constitui??o da subjetividade

Using English and the West-African creole language Krio as the objects of investigation, this study proposes an analysis in which verbs and the paradigms pertaining to verbs are conceived of as being the only direct carriers of linguistic time encoding. The fundamental assumption is that nominals encode substance, be it concrete or abstract, and that verbals encode abstract substance with time.The theoretical backdrop is provided by Derek Bickerton's Roots of Language (1981) and "The Language Bioprogram Hypothesis" (1984) in which he proposes a set of conceptually fundamental distinctions. These distinctions: the state/process; the durative/punctual; the realis/irrealis; and the anterior/non-anterior; are discussed in relation to four dynamicity values of verbal nuclei: stative; processive; eventive; and telic. These are proposed by the present author, but draw on Bernard Comrie's aspectual analysis in Aspect (1976).Three different layers of analysis are put forward: (1) the nucleic, which consists of the verbal carrying the meaning core of a situation; (2) the verbal constituency, in which we find all TMA encoding, that is, the tense, mood and aspect of the situation; and (3) the (verbal) situation, which is conceived of as a superordinate, maximum unit of description.It is argued that the dynamicity value of the verbal nucleus to a large extent determines and limits the possible aspectual, modal and temporal interpretations of the situation. / digitalisering@umu

This thesis deals with the group of Latin iterative verbs, i.e. the group that is formally marked with the iterative suffix -t. It deals with the question what was the actual meaning of the iterative suffix -t in classical Latin as reference literature says that in some cases the meaning of iterative verbs in classical Latin was the same as that of the base verb and there are iterative verbs whose base verbs are not attested at all. Also, only iterative verbs often passed into Romance languages. Another question this thesis deals with is the relationship of iterative verbs as a group set off on the basis of the category of aktionsart as it is understood in the Czech linguistic tradition and the categories that are generally referred to as aspect (grammatical aspect, lexical aspect). In this case, the selected method is a corpus-based quantitative method called the "behavioural profiles". In our case, the corpus is limited to selected prosaic works of the classical Latin period of approximately the 1st century b.C. to the 1st century AD. In its first part, the analysis is based on studying the occurrences of selected iterative verb - base verb pairs in the above mentioned corpus, especially focused on the frequency of occurrence, valence and classification of predicates into Vendler's classes,...