This thesis examines the way a change management entity facilitated a deep and lasting business transformation, undertaken as a major program of projects that were engaged in business process re-engineering, logistics supply change management and formation of joint ventures and forms of alliance. It takes a project management perspective with a strong focus on how the Corridor project achieved change through leadership, co-learning strategies and collaboration. It takes place within the context of a unique historical period of economic transition for Latin America. The research focuses on the Corridor as a single entity using five case studies of different complexity. The Corridor Project developed as a dynamic community of practice with project management office characteristics where a number of projects were born and evolved through their different life cycles as business transformation outcomes. The Corridor could become a model to put into practice in other regions of the world where production and consumption asymmetries are found or where infrastructural asymmetries could call for a Corridor-like project to overcome trade imbalances or increase regional trade - all this leading to a series of business transformation opportunities to let corporations become more competitive by making a strategic use of knowledge sharing and transfer.

Lorsque plusieurs personnes collaborent dans le but de réaliser une tâche, il n'est pas nécessaire qu'elles parlent. Elles peuvent très bien collaborer uniquement par les gestes et le regard. Il est donc important de s'intéresser au non verbal lorsque l'on souhaite étudier la collaboration. Cette thèse se donne pour objectif de mieux comprendre l'usage des systèmes de communication qui permettent de collaborer à distance, mais aussi en co-présence. Ces le cas lorsque l'on doit réaliser une tâche à deux, en utilisant une application informatique. Le recueil d'indicateurs non verbaux permet de rendre compte de l'activité de collaboration. Une méthode de recueil des comportements non verbaux est proposée et testée. Ces indicateurs concernent, plus particulièrement, certains types de gestes des bras et des mains et à l'orientation du regard vers l'autre. Une catégorie d'indicateurs non verbaux est proposée, elle s'appuie sur des catégories existantes. Cette catégorie prend en compte à la fois la manipulation des objets de l'environnement et les interactions sociales. Cette méthode permet de dégager des patterns non verbaux, qui varient sous l'influence de plusieurs facteurs. Les résultats issus de trois expériences, montrent que les patterns non verbaux observés, varient en fonction de la tâche, du dispositif technique utilisé et des situations de communication, manipulées. De plus, cette méthode a également permis d'isoler d'autres facteurs, tels que des phases d'activité, l'effet de plusieurs situations de communication (e.g. visibilité, co-présence).

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>In the past decade, the construction industry has been identified to be among the industries that are lagging in the application of modern information and communication technology as tools to enhance project performance. Where this technology has been applied, little has been done to meet up with the pace of advancements in information and communication technology.</p><p>This research looks at the extent to which information and communication technology (ICT) tools have being integrated for project enhancement in a major railway construction project. Most precisely, it looks at how ICT tools have affected communication and collaborative processes in the context of the soft skills processes and the hard skills processes. Enormous literature in this field of study was reviewed to set the base upon which to make the investigation. Findings show that ICT tools have been integrated just to a limited extent on the project which still used traditional management and project communication methods.; and there was room for integration of better tools as project participants were aware of some of these ICT tools that can enhance the performance of the project. Finally, an ICT infrastructure that encompasses all aspects of the project environment and the entire project lifecycle is proposed. This infrastructure enhances project performance by integrating all project stakeholders in the process of knowledge sharing and use in the project. The research also determines that most project organisations would refrain from integrating certain kinds of project enhancement tools because of he cost obtaining them as well as the cost to train employees on their usage.</p>

<p>In the competitive environment of today’s global markets, the demands of customers are increasing. They expect to get the best product at the lowest price with immediate availability. Logistics, including transportation, inventory maintenance, order processing, purchasing, warehousing, materials handling, packaging, customer service standards, and product scheduling must continuously be developed to meet the challenges of the market. The globalization, with longer distances to customers and suppliers, and the progressing trend of outsourcing are examples of why the importance of logistics has increased over the last few years.</p><p>A considerable part of the final product cost is frozen during the early product development phases. In the early phases of the product development process, the cost of making design changes is low compared to making changes later in the product development process. The product development decisions made in the early phases of the product development process have considerable impact on future manufacturing and logistics activities as well.</p><p>The objective of this research project is to develop a framework supporting the collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process. To do this, it has been essential to analyze which parameters influence the efficiency of the logistics process and the interface between the logistics- and the product development process. Also, to investigate how the logistics department can be integrated earlier in the product development process has been of interest. This has been done through both a theoretical review and also through a number of case studies.</p><p>The result and conclusion of this project is a framework that gives support for what to focus on, how to collaborate, in which phases collaboration is meaningful, and which persons need to be involved in the different product development phases. Working as the framework suggests will, hopefully, give closer collaboration between the logistics- and the product development process than without this supportive framework. The expectation of the collaboration is an earlier integration of the logistics department in the product development process and through this influence and increase the efficiency of the logistics process.</p>

<p>This dissertation study focuses on reasons and means of industry and university</p><p>collaboration which lead to innovation. Collaboration in this study is viewed as one:</p><p>communication, exchange of knowledge and learning form the innovation process. This</p><p>research has followed a qualitative approach for methodology and the data was collected</p><p>through two interviews. The results of this study show how university research</p><p>collaborates with industry from the university research point of view. The findings also</p><p>reveal that university research can not produce innovation without practical knowledge</p><p>which is provided by company during collaboration. In the same way the company can</p><p>not produce scientifically based innovation without the interactive learning.</p>

<p>Utvecklingen och marknadsföringen av ett samhälle som turistdestination, kan generera många fördelar, bland annat genom ökad sysselsättning och infrastrukturella förbättringar. Samtidigt kan en okontrollerad exploatering leda till negativa konsekvenser utifrån kultur- och naturmiljöaspekter. Utifrån denna vetskap har planeringsperspektivet till stor del fått en dominerande roll inom diskussioner och forskningslitteratur. Det finns dock fler faktorer som bör beaktas i destinationsutvecklingssammanhang, varav samarbete och nätverk samt destinationsmarknadsföring utgör viktiga aspekter. Med fokus på, och en teoretisk förförståelse för dessa begrepp angriper denna studie de två fallstudieobjekten Ornö och Utö i Stockholms södra skärgård i syfte att utröna hur begreppen påverkat de skilda utvecklingar som skett på öarna. Utö präglas av ett starkt samarbetsklimat där aktörer, med turistbyrån som samordnande funktion, skapat en gemensam identitet och en enad marknadsföringskanal utåt. Genom att samordna resurser skapas även ett nätverk där kunskapsspridning och samarbete leder till positivt resursutnyttjande. Lokalbefolkningen på Utö känner en delaktighet i den utveckling som sker och en positiv attityd råder, inte minst genom att de flesta är direkt anknutna till näringen genom sina eller anhörigas arbetsplatser. På Ornö råder å andra sidan en brist på kommunikation aktörer emellan, liksom avsaknad av entreprenörskap och kunskap om näringen, vilket lett till att försök till fungerande samarbeten stagnerat. Dessutom leder ett bristande förtroende till turistbyråns kunskap och erfarenhet till att en position som samordnare inte kunnat utvecklas. Detta har i sin tur lett till en svag och fragmenterad marknadsföring liksom att lättillgängligheten för besökare försvårats då det saknas ett lättöverskådligt helhetserbjudande.</p> / <p>The development and marketing of a destination can contribute with benefits such as employment growth and infrastructural improvements. At the same time, uncontrolled exploitation can have the reverse effect and work negatively on sensible cultural- and natural environments. Knowledge about these effects has, in discussions and literature about destination development, led to the dominating roll of the perspective of planning. Meanwhile there are other important factors to consider when looking to the big spectra. In this context collaboration, networking and destination marketing becomes significant aspects to review. With a focus on, and theoretical preunderstanding for, these concepts this thesis will focus on the two case-studies of Ornö and Utö, two neighbouring islands in the archipelago of Stockholm, Sweden. In spite of their physical similarity the two islands have undergone very different developments as tourism destinations. The purpose with this thesis will therefore be to determine how the concepts of collaboration, network and destination marketing have influenced the development of the islands.</p>

<p>Syftet med detta examensarbete har varit att undersöka hur samarbetet fungerar mellan klasslärare och specialpedagoger på en skola i Stockholmsområdet samt dess påverkan på berörda elever. Frågeställningarna som har fungerat som stöd för undersökningens genomförande är följande: Vilka problem upplever klasslärare och specialpedagoger i sin undervisning i förhållande till elever i behov av särskilt stöd? Hur fungerar samarbetet mellan klasslärare och specialpedagoger på skolan? Hur påverkas berörda elever av detta?</p><p>Metoden som har använts för att genomföra undersökningen har främst varit kvalitativ i form av intervjuer. Undersökningen utgörs av fyra kvalitativa intervjuer med två klasslärare samt två specialpedagoger på en skola i Stockholms län. Resultatet för studien visar att problemen som klasslärarna och specialpedagogerna upplever i undervisningen i förhållande till elever som kräver extra stöd framför allt relateras till tidsbristen. Tidsbristen leder till att eleverna inte får tillräckligt stöd som egentligen krävs av pedagogerna, fastän de själva strävar efter att stödja eleverna fullständigt. Tidsbristen visar sig dock drabba klasslärarna mer än vad den drabbar specialpedagogerna. Detta på grund av att specialpedagogerna har tillgång till att arbeta med barnen i mindre grupper som i sin tur bidrar till att eleverna får mer hjälp än vad de vanligtvis skulle få hos klassläraren. Resultatet av studien visar även att samarbetet mellan klasslärarna och specialpedagogerna fungerar både bra och dåligt på grund av en mängd olika faktorer. Den främsta orsaken till att samarbetet många gånger brister är på grund av klasslärarnas och specialpedagogernas skilda syn på vad som är viktiga behov för eleverna, det vill säga vilka elevers behov som det bör tas hänsyn till.</p>

<p>This study’s purpose was to examine which main forms of teaching methods that occurs in the Swedish nine-year compulsory school and how often learning through social collaboration take place. The study contained literature and interviews with eight teachers. Our research-questions were: What is the teacher’s opinion about different teaching methods, their opinion about learning and teaching and if there were any difference between the teachers teaching younger or older students regarding teaching methods? Our conclusions of this study were that ”lecture-methods” is the most common among teachers. In the beginning of the nine-year compulsory school the teachers chooses and controls the student’s methods for learning. Later when the students gets older and more experienced the teachers expects them to take more responsibility and decisions of their own. Collaboration between the student’s occurred, but the teacher’s ambition seldom was that the students could learn from each other. The teachers purpose were that the students shall practice their social skills, cooperation and to form a strong group. </p>

<p>To sort, is the meaning of the word “triage”. Triage is used at emergency departments to facilitate prioritization of patients according to the urgency of the chief complaint.<em> </em>The aim of this study was to investigate how the nurses experience the triage model at the emergency department at Uppsala university hospital.</p><p>Twelve nurses were interviewed. The mean age was 40 years and the mean work experience was three years and four months. An interview guide was used, consisting of questions about triage, collaboration and work situation.</p><p>The nurses perceived that triage supports assessment and prioritization of patients. Different triage models were used depending on the nurses’ level of triage-education, which was perceived as problematic. The nurses perceived safety when triage was performed together with the physician. The level of collaboration, between the nurses and the physicians, was experienced to be person-dependent. The importance of good communication between nurses and physicians were highlighted.</p><p>Triage supports the assessment and prioritization of patients.<strong> </strong>A standardized triage model would increase the quality of care. The collaboration between nurses and physicians could be improved if they receive the same information and education about triage. Improved communication will facilitate the collaboration. Physicians should participate in the triage process.</p>

This thesis contributes to the analysis of optimal industrial and strategic trade policy in the presence of oligopoly and other forms of imperfect competition, so as to make contact with important empirical regularities and policy concerns, such as international R&D collaboration, unionization and free trade. First, in the context of international competition in which R&D plays an important role, we study the consequences of allowing governments to subsidize R&D and coalition deviation on the R&D collaboration networks. Then we investigate the formation of FTAs as a network formation game. While the analysis of welfare effects takes the central stage, we also analyze the nature of trading regimes that are consistent with the incentives of individual countries. We address the issue of conflict of interests among firms, consumers and governments as well. Finally, we integrate the analysis of international R&D collaboration and strategic trade policies, and demonstrate how an asymmetric equilibrium arises from an international trade model with symmetric countries and symmetric firms, and study whether it is sometimes possible to improve national welfare by jointly implementing trade and industrial policies.