As with many new technology implementations before, Business Intelligence (BI) implementations have come under scrutiny in terms of the value added to organisations. The latest academic research uses various different ‘traditional financial methods’ such as the Return on Investment (ROI) calculations to determine the value of investments. In some instances customized measurement tools are proposed as a result of empirical studies conducted. The main objective of this study is to perform qualitative investigation on the theoretical value of BI implementations in organisations. If it is assumed that BI does add value to organisations, the primary research question aims to investigate how this value is added. A balanced scorecard second generation approach is used as theoretical framework in order to address the question. This approach is also known as strategy mapping. The research process starts with an extensive literature review on the topic of BI value evaluations and BI related balanced scorecards and strategy maps. As a result, various theoretical and practical research contributions are produced. One of the theoretical contributions includes an inventory of previous academic literature on the topic of BI value evaluations. This inventory is also presented diagrammatically. A preliminary version of the BI balanced scorecard is developed and used as foundation for a semi-structured interview template to investigate the value of BI in organisations.\ The semi-structured interview template was used as primary data generation instrument to gather data for this multiple-case study project. Four organisations participated in the study. The data obtained from the study was analysed and presented using an updated version of the theoretical framework of the study and was labelled as the intermediate version of the scorecard. The intermediate version of the BI balanced scorecard provided valuable input towards investigating how value was achieved as a result of BI implementations. These results were verified as part of a final verification process through a consultation process with the same study participants. A final version of the BI balanced scorecard is presented and included in a complete BI value solution. This version of the balanced scorecard is also a valuable practical contribution of the study. The verified results of the investigation indicated the following:- (1) BI adds value to organisations in all four perspectives of the organisation, namely the business value perspective, user orientation perspective, operational excellence perspective as well as the future orientation perspective. (2) Furthermore, the study confirmed that BI adds value to organisations through a number of benefits including an increase in sales and compliance to regulatory requirements (to name a few). (3) However, the study also indicated that value-related studies must adopt a holistic approach in an attempt to cater for the many facets of the topic. (4) Despite the challenge of implementing BI in organisations, the perceived value of BI implementations amongst senior management remained positive. This was supported by the continuous implementation of new BI projects in organisations. (5) There was a definite relationship between BI implementations and organisational performance. This is evident through the positive impact on sales figures, risk and compliance management and operational management. The study contributes to the broader field of Information Systems (IS) in numerous ways. Firstly the research discovers gaps in existing research, then proposes a method to investigate the research question as a result of the gaps identified, and -iiiuses this method as a tool to investigate the problem. The main contribution of the study is to contribute to the body of knowledge by investigating the value of business intelligence to organisations. / College of Engineering, Science and Technology / D. Litt et. Phil. (Information Systems)

The aim of the master thesis is to estimate the value of the company BLAŽEK PRAHA a.s. to the valuation date 1. 1. 2012. According to the evaluation of external potential and competitive power of the company, as well as its financial health, value generators' analysis and the prediction of the financial plan, the appropriate methods for the valuation of company BLAŽEK PRAHA a.s. will be selected. The thesis will be practically usable as an auxiliary material for the decision making of potential investor in the clothing industry.

The aim of this master thesis is to estimate the value of the company Lesní společnost Broumov Holding, a. s. as of the valuation date 01/01/2016. The thesis consists of two main parts, theoretically-methodological and related practical part. For accomplishing the objective, the strategical and financial analysis were made, also the main generators of the value were identified and scheduled and the financial plan was composed. The valuation itself was realized by three different methods that were afterwards calculated together which resulted into final estimation of the company's value, that reaches 147 024 thousand Czech crowns. The thesis is usable as a full overview of the company's situation and may be also helpful to the owners as a base for price negotiations, in case of potential investor's interest in buying it.

The diploma thesis is focused on the determination of the business value of the company IMA - material for the furniture industry s. r. o. The theoretical part defines the procedure for determining the business value and valuation method. The analytical part is devoted to strategic analysis of the company based on the financial plan, which was created, and then final valuation of the analysed company is proposed.

The interest and demand of sustainable actions have alongside with societal development increased over time. It has become crucial for companies in today’s society to show responsibility for the footprints they leave behind as a consequence of operating. A possible course of action could be the implementation of Creating Shared Value – CSV, which encompasses undertakings that result in value creation for both the company itself, and the local environment in which the company operates. Even though companies are expected to contribute to societal issues, there are still no blueprints declaring how to satisfy societal needs, and the challenges accompanied with it. CSV aims to tackle the distances between societal and business goals, however, despite CSV’s acknowledgement in academia, the concept is often criticized for being insufficient in practice. This has led to businesses trying to apply a CSV approach while still undertaking Corporate Social Responsibility – CSR related activities. The mixture of these concepts has made it difficult to explore what factors that affect the process of capturing Shared Value opportunities. This research investigates what factors that influence the process of capturing Shared Value in the Swedish insurance industry. The findings derived from this single company case study suggests that depending on what managerial decision-making approach used in a company affects the rate of success in terms of Creating Shared Value. An unclear communication plan, combined with the continuous confusion between the concepts, seems to increase the uncertainness of why and how different decisions are taken, hindering the process of CSV as well as the understanding of how Shared Value is created. A variety of factors were identified, where three main factors were considered to play a key role in, not only the capturing of Shared Value opportunities but the entire implementation process of the concept. Based on these factors, a model was established, showing how these main factors obstructs the realization of Shared Value opportunities.

Informationssystem har fått en allt större betydelse för området hållbarhet och inom utvecklingen av hållbara leverantörskedjor. Informationssystem (IS) och informationsteknik (IT) är ett väsentligt verktyg för att verksamheter ska kunna arbeta hållbart. Denna studie undersöker hur hållbarhet påverkar informationssystemens roll i leverantörskedjor och dessutom förstå hur affärsvärde främjas i samband med att verksamheter förhåller sig till hållbara affärsaktiviteter.  Studiens resultat baseras från olika arbetsroller i olika branscher vars organisation har en betydande roll i leverantörskedjor. Datainsamlingen skedde via semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet påvisar att hållbarhetsarbete påverkar informationssystem i och med att det förändrar hur verksamheter arbetar i sina leverantörskedjor. Att utgå från att informationssystem är en typ av arbetssystem påvisar resultatet att det är olika delar av informationssystem som påverkats. Verksamheter är tvungna att svara på förändring eftersom att en större efterfrågan på att arbeta hållbart hela vägen har ökat från konsumenter och intressenter.Detta leder till att verksamheter behöver utvärdera sin leverantörskedja och dokumentera hur informationssystem påverkar social, ekonomisk samt miljömässiga hållbarhetsaspekter för att kunna förbättra sina affärsaktiviteter. Hållbar utveckling är ett nytt område som har börjat appliceras inom IS dock behöver det betraktas som en ny dimension vid utvärdering av informationssystem. / Information systems has gotten a bigger role in the field of sustainability and in the development of sustainable supply chains. Information systems (IS) and information technology (IT) is an essential tool for businesses to work sustainably. This study researches how sustainability affects the role that information systems have in supply chains and how business values can be promoted in connection to businesses attitudes towards sustainable business activities.  This study's result is based on different work roles in different industries where the organization has an important role in the supply chain. The data collection took place via semi-structured interviews. The results show that work with sustainability affects information systems since businesses change the way they work in their supply chains. Assuming that information systems is a type of work system the results show that different parts of the information system are affected. Businesses have to respond to change because a greater demand for working sustainably all the way has increased from consumers and stakeholders. This leads to businesses having to evaluate their supply chain and document how information systems affect social, economic and environmental sustainability aspects in order to improve their business activities. Sustainable development is a new area that is starting to apply in IS but it needs to be seen as a new dimension in evaluation of information systems.

El presente artículo ha tenido como objetivo cuestionar la relación entre la práctica del buen gobierno corporativo y la generación de valor en la empresa, considerando los últimos acontecimientos suscitados a nivel mundial y nacional asociados a escándalos de corrupción de diversos grupos empresariales. Asimismo, en la presente investigación se ha descrito primero la historia del gobierno corporativo, luego se ha expuesto los diversos conceptos, actores, principios y teorías que sostienen la práctica de la buena gobernanza, después se analizaron las diversas posturas de especialistas en la materia que están favor y en contra respecto a la relación entre la generación de valor y la práctica del gobierno corporativo. Para finalizar, se planteó una respuesta a la pregunta en cuestión, basada en las posturas de los expertos. / The purpose of this article is to question the relationship between the practice of good corporate governance and the generation of value in the company, considering the latest global and national developments associated with corruption scandals of various business groups. In addition, the present research has first described the history of corporate governance, then exposed the various concepts, actors, principles and theories that underpin the practice of good governance, This was followed by an analysis of the various positions of specialists in the matter who are in favor of and against regarding the relationship between value generation and the practice of corporate governance. Finally, an answer was given to the question in question, based on the positions of the experts. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

現今的社會，由於企業經營環境的高度全球化，及資訊科技進化的速度愈來愈快，企業所面臨的挑戰是日漸提升的，也因而對資訊科技/資訊系統的仰賴程度大幅提高。更甚者，企業不僅僅是運用所謂的資訊科技/資訊系統來應付大環境的挑戰，同時也希望能運用資訊科技/資訊系統來提高自身的競爭優勢。就在這樣的背景下，對於企業來說，如何去定義一項IT/IS 的真正價值，及如何運用有限的資源並投資在正確的 IT/IS 上成了一個很重要的議題。為了滿足企業對於這樣的需求，本研究旨在運用 IT 投資組合理論，彙整過去學者及研究的結果，並予之修改，提出一套藉由三項衡量指標： IT alignment, Business Value, 及 E-readiness 來決策 IT/IS 投資優先順序的方法論。最後，我們將我們提出的方法論實際導入並運用在一個挑選的個案中，藉此來驗證本方法論的實用性及可行性。我們相信本研究的結果可以供未來的企業在評估IT/IS 投資計畫時使用，同時也可幫助後續欲研究 IT 投資組合的學者，在我們所提出的架構上繼續建構。 / Nowadays, as firms operate in a much more competitive environment due to the rapid speed of globalization and evolving technologies, firms rely on IT/IS much heavier than before. They use IT not just to cope with the environment, but also to gain competitive advantages. Therefore, it is important for firms to justify the real value of an IT/IS and to invest on the right while also critical IT/IS with limited resources. To fulfill this need, this research aims at developing an IT portfolio method to evaluate and determine the priorities of each IT/IS investments based on three criteria: IT alignment, business value, and e-readiness. A case study was applied to verify the reliability and feasibility of our proposed framework in real business practices. We believe the final findings are helpful to (1) practitioners who can use this framework to justify their IT investments; and (2) researchers who can build upon this model to further examine the application of IT portfolio methods.

Notre recherche s’intéresse plus particulièrement aux critères de sélection à retenir pour améliorer la pertinence de la méthode des multiples en ce qui concerne la sélection des multiples de référence, la sélection des sociétés comparables ou la combinaison de multiples.Nous confirmons que les multiples de valeur d’entreprise fondés des résultats (Ebitda ou Ebit) relatifs à des exercices prospectifs (par rapport à l’exercice réalisé) sont généralement les plus pertinents. En absence de résultats relatifs à des exercices prospectifs, disponibles au moment de l’évaluation, notre étude montre que les multiples d’Ebitda sont généralement plus pertinents.Nous confirmons que les taux de croissance anticipés de l’Ebitda et de l’Ebit sont généralement des indicateurs de performance pertinents pour identifier les sociétés les plus comparables au sein d’un groupe de pairs initialement constitué, en ce qui concerne les multiples d’Ebitda et d’Ebit relatifs à l’exercice réalisé.Notre étude montre que la combinaison des multiples de Capitaux employés et d’Ebit, d’une part, et d’Ebitda et d’Ebit, d’autre part (selon des coefficients de pondération spécifiques à chaque secteur d’activité), sont de nature à améliorer la pertinence de la méthode, par rapport à l’utilisation de ces multiples seuls.La démarche mise en œuvre dans cette recherche est susceptible d’être reproduite par les praticiens afin d’identifier au cas par cas les multiples simples ou combinés les plus pertinents pour chaque groupe de pairs sectoriels constitué. / Our research focuses more specifically on the selection criteria to be used to improve the relevance of the multiple-Based valuation method regarding the selection of reference multiples, the selection of comparable companies or the combination of multiples.We confirm that the Enterprise Value multiples based on prospective Ebit and Ebitda (versus actual) are generally the most relevant. In the absence of prospective data, available at the date of valuation, our study shows that Ebitda multiples are generally more relevant.We confirm that the expected growth rates of Ebitda or Ebit are generally relevant performance indicators to identify the most comparable companies among industry-Based peer groups, considering actual Ebitda and Ebit-Based multiples.Our study shows that the combination of Capital employed and Ebit-Based multiples, on the one hand, and of Ebitda and Ebit-Based multiples, on the other hand (based on weighted factors specific to each sector), are likely to improve the relevance of the method, compared to the use of these multiples, alone.The approach implemented in this research may be reproduced by practitioners to identify case by case single and combined multiples that are the most relevant for each industry-Based peer group.

本研究主要探討電子商店業者進行網路行銷時之決策因素，以及不同經營型態之電子商店業者，其網路行銷決策因素重視程度對其企業價值與營運績效之影響。本研究是屬於實徵性研究，經由文獻探討建立起初步的研究架構、研究假說，進而設計問卷，並採郵寄方式進行調查，並將回收的問卷採取適當的統計方法加以分析、檢定，以達成本研究之目的。 本研究實際發出問卷228份，有效回收72份，有效回收率31.6%。經由資料分析發現：(1)不同型態之電子商店業者本身，對於企業價值之認知程度與營運績效並無不同；(2)當網路行銷決策因素重視程度不同時，經營型態相似之電子商店業者，對於電子商店可以「增加新的銷售通路」、「建立新的經營模式」、「提高品牌或公司知名度」以及「增加產品促銷能力」之認知程度有所不同；(3)當網路行銷決策因素重視程度不同時，經營型態相似之電子商店業者，對於電子商店的「營業額」與「獲利能力」會有所影響。 雖然不同經營型態之電子商店業者本身，對於企業價值認知程度與營運績效並無不同，但是相似經營型態之電子商店業者，在網路行銷決策因素重視程度不同時，對於企業價值認知程度與營運績效影響有所不同。因此，本研究建議電子商店業者在進行網路行銷之前，應釐清本身的經營型態，並依據其經營型態而採取適當的行銷決策，方能達到事半功倍的效果。此外，本研究發現「公司商譽與促銷因素」為影響電子商店營運績效最重要的決策因素，因此電子商店業者欲提高其營運績效，應重視此一決策因素，以增加顧客對公司及產品信心，進而提昇營運績效。