This thesis was prepared on the basis of the investigation, which took place at the elementary school in Horažďovice Blatenská during year 2010/2011 and dealt with the issue of student nutrition in the age categories 10-13 years and 13-15 years. Purpose of the study was aimed at monitoring the menus in order to determine nutrient intake of energy, monitored minerals and vitamins according to the recommendations for that age group. The survey was made by nutritional test for the evaluation of children's eating habits at school age. At the end there were verified two test hypotheses. The results of menu analysis were compared with those needs and showed the following. Energy intake was adequate in girls (in the tolerance of one percent of the RDA), boys' levels of energy intake from lunch order of 4-5 % lower, but there is possibility to add a side dish. The level of performance ranged from 30.3 % to 36.1 % RDA. Proteins were met over the limit and have lunch in the day needs of virtually reached in the category 10-13 years old category, and this level to 90 % RDA. Lipid, carbohydrates and fiber intake was adequate. Values of calcium intake were found to be inadequate and proper value of the months did not exceed 21.4 % of RDA. Year-round abundance was observed in vitamin B6, where the lowest values observed in the months of September and January at 100 % RDA. Excess was found at the annual intake of vitamin B12, where the lowest values were found in November at the level of 130 % RDA. Based on statistical surveys, hypothesis has not been demonstrated that regular breakfast is an effective prevention of overweight and obesity in children in this age category. The proportion of time spent passively is not dependent on age. Furthermore, there was found 21 % the relationship between children?s diet and reducing diet of any family member. It is therefore apparent effect on the child's family eating habits.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the level of feeding habits of a selected human population segment in order to assess their understanding of issues related to nutrition and to basic components in their diet. For this purpose, a measuring instrument (a questionnaire) was designed. The first part contained questions related to respondent´s eating habits preferences, while the second part of questionnaire included questions examining the level of respondent?s nutritional awareness. In total 389 questionnaires were personally administered and completed by the respondents, under supervision of teachers. On the basis of the recorded answers it was found that, when purchasing food, the interviewed persons are governed mostly by the quality of it (37%). It was also discovered that, 40% of people preferred local foods to foods from abroad. Only 13% of respondents indicated their ?always or almost always? preference for ?bio foods?. It may also be said that, the three most popular dairy products are yoghurts (80%), milk (72%) and cheeses (72%), as opposed to fermented drinks (43%), which are the least consumed dairy products. Among the most popular meats the respondents included these three categories: chicken (83%), pork (73%) and beef (47%). The least favourite meat selected by respondents was mutton and lamb (35%). It was found that, 27% of the respondents follow information presented on food packaging but also that, 16% of the respondents do not follow packaging data, at all. According to the recorded frequency of occurrence the sum of correct answers can be said that most students answer 4 questions correctly. The recorded answer frequency counts show that most respondents answered correctly the following question: "What is bio food?" (94% of respondents). The worst answered individual question had to do with choosing foods with the highest ?Vitamin C? content, with only 7% being correct. On the basis of recorded answers it may be concluded that; the food consumption was influenced by the type of school which the respondents attended; as it appears related to the respondents´ age and their individual ability to decide on their food money spending. The questions that examined the level of information have shown that, the overall percentage of correct answers was increasing depending on the age of a respondent. The total percentage of correct answers kept increasing in relation to increasing age of respondents. No influence of gender on percentage totals of correct responses was demonstrated.

The main aim of this diploma thesis is to determine the occurrence of obesity in schoolchildren attending primary schools in České Budějovice. The research focused on determining whether students of the 5 th grades aged 10 and 11 are obese based on their body mass index, age and sex BMI percentile graph. the findings were compared against the Parizkova and Lisa method (2007). It was discovered that 5,13 % of the responded girls and 6,67 % of the boys are obese. The results suggest that out of 195 participants, 11,5% of them suffer from obesity and that the occurrence of obesity is more frequent in boys.

Submitted by Simone Souza (simonecgsouza@hotmail.com) on 2018-08-30T17:07:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2013_ Sara Yamone Zygoski Portela da Silva.pdf: 392815 bytes, checksum: 98773e84581edf95f6de13665143c9d6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-10-03T17:50:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2013_ Sara Yamone Zygoski Portela da Silva.pdf: 392815 bytes, checksum: 98773e84581edf95f6de13665143c9d6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-03T17:50:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2013_ Sara Yamone Zygoski Portela da Silva.pdf: 392815 bytes, checksum: 98773e84581edf95f6de13665143c9d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-15 / CAPES / De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde, entre os fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis estão a alimentação inadequada, a inatividade física, o excesso de peso e o tabagismo. A adolescência é o momento adequado para intervenções de saúde que deverão promover o desenvolvimento de um estilo de vida saudável. Objetivo - Analisar a associação entre os hábitos alimentares e excesso de peso em adolescentes residentes em municípios da área de influência da BR 163 - MT. Métodos - Estudo transversal, de base populacional, com adolescentes na faixa etária de 10 a 19 anos, pertencentes às famílias residentes na área urbana dos municípios de Alta Floresta, Sinop, Sorriso e Diamantino, realizado no ano de 2007. A variável dependente do presente estudo foi o excesso de peso que foi mensurada por meio do Índice de Massa Corporal. As variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e de estilo de vida foram obtidas em questionários específicos. A associação entre o excesso de peso e as demais variáveis estudadas foi estimada por meio do teste Qui-quadrado (Rao-Scott) e Regressão de Poisson, utilizando o módulo survey do programa Stata 10.0. Em todas as análises estatísticas foi considerado o nível de significância α ≤ 0,05. Resultados – Os adolescentes avaliados, em sua maioria (78,4%), encontravam-se eutróficos. O baixo índice de massa corporal foi verificado em 8,0%, o sobrepeso em 6,7% e a obesidade em 6,9% dos adolescentes estudados. O estilo de vida foi caracterizado por adolescentes considerados ativos (54,9%) e que não consumiam álcool (72,2%) e tabaco (92,8%). Em relação aos hábitos alimentares foi constatado que o café da manhã, o almoço e o jantar foram realizados diariamente por grande parte dos adolescentes e a ceia foi a refeição mais omitida. O sexo e o consumo de refrigerantes foram identificados como fatores associados ao excesso de peso dos adolescentes. Conclusão – A maioria dos adolescentes encontrava-se eutrófica, porém a prevalência de excesso de peso estimada neste estudo indica a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas que visem a adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis e a prática da atividade física neste grupo etário. / According to the World Health Organization among the risk factors associated with the development of chronic non-communicable diseases are inadequate diet, physical inactivity, overweight and smoking. Adolescence is the appropriate time for health interventions that should promote the development of a healthy lifestyle. Objective - To analyze the association between dietary habits and the overweight in adolescents living in counties near the BR 163 road. Methods – A population-based cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, from families in the urban area of the municipalities of Alta Floresta, Sinop, Sorriso and Diamantino, held in the year 2007. The dependent variable of this study is overweight that was measured by the Body Mass Index. The demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle variables were obtained in specific questionnaires. The verification between overweight and other variables was performed using the Chi-Square Test (Rao-Scott) and Poisson Regression using “svy” commands on Stata 10.0. In all statistical analysis were considered a significance level of α ≤ 0.05. Results – Considering the adolescents studied, the majority (78.4%), was eutrophic. The low body mass index was observed in 8.0%, the overweight in 6.7% and the obesity in 6.9% of the adolescents studied. The lifestyle was characterized by adolescents considered active and who did not consume alcohol nor tobacco. Regarding to eating habits was found that the breakfast, lunch and dinner were performed daily by most adolescents and supper meal was omitted. Gender and soft drink consumption were identified as factors associated with overweight in adolescents. Conclusion – Most of the adolescents were eutrophic, but the prevalence of overweight in this study indicates the need to implement policies aimed at adopting healthy eating habits and physical activity in this age group.

Aims: The aim of the dissertation was to conduct a survey on eating habits and consumption of selected nutrients in adolescents, depending on the sex and the type of the school attended. Another objective was to check the influence of mass media and an educational program on the formation of eating habits. Based on all the findings, an education plan focused on eating habits was created for the needs of nurses to educate adolescents. Methodology: For the purposes of dissertation research, a combination of quantitative and qualitative research was used. The quantitative part of the research was realized using a combination of two questionnaire tools ? a self?constructed questionnaire measuring adolescents´ eating habits, and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). A total of 1130 15?18 year-old students of four?year grammar schools, secondary medical schools, and students of the specialization chef?waiter at vocational schools from the South Bohemian Region were involved in the study. The qualitative research was based on a comparative analysis. A total of 59 probands from the three types of schools above mentioned were selected. Results: The results of our research show that there are no statistically significant differences in compliance with nutrition recommendations regarding gender, but significant differences were found in connection with the type of school attended, where the nutritional recommendations are mostly followed by students of grammar schools, then by students of secondary medical schools and in the smallest degree by students of secondary vocational schools ? the chef ?waiter specialization. Significant differences between sexes were found in consumption of selected food components, when girls compared to boys eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. On the contrary, boys eat more beef, pork and poultry meat, sausages, potatoes, eggs and fried foods compared to girls. There were also significant differences between students of particular types of schools. There was no statistically significant relationship between mass media influences on eating and adolescents' nutritional recommendations. Based on the TFEQ results, it can be concluded that there is a statistically significant difference in the conscious reduction of food intake by gender where girls cut down on food intake more than boys. The results of the qualitative part of the research show that an appropriately chosen educational program has an influence on the formation of eating habits in adolescents. Scientific benefits of the dissertation: The benefit of this research is, above all, the fact that as one of the few studies that have been done, this one brings comprehensive information about nutrition of adolescents aged 15?18 WHO study at grammar schools, secondary medical schools, or study the specialization chef-waiter at vocational schools. The results of our research are in many respects consistent with those obtained by other researchers and refer to the fact that adolescent eating habits cannot be described as ideal. In view of our findings, it would be useful to carry out other research surveys concerned with dietary habits and eating behaviours in a representative research sample of adolescents within the Czech Republic.

In recent decades, the concern with knowledge about nutrition and the influence that food consumption has on health has increased. This survey has a qualitative and quantitative investigated among undergraduate students of nutrition in the nutrition knowledge acquired, their eating habits and nutritional status of the same in order to ascertain whether changes occur during the course. The survey was conducted with 1 and 7 semesters of an institution of higher learning in class time with the teacher's presence the day of the course. We applied a range of nutritional knowledge and a questionnaire to assess dietary habits and lifestyle, in addition to the assessment of individual nutritional all students. The results revealed, in general, show that the nutritional knowledge increased considerably during the course in one semester the moderate and high knowledge amounted to 55%, and 7, totaling 96%. The nutritional profile shows that the 1st half 65% of students are normal weight and 7 in the first half that rate increases to 73.1%. Since dietary and lifestyle of the students did not achieve a significant change, demonstrating that the knowledge gained during the course is not put into practice by all students. It is hoped that the results of this study contribute to a reflection of the academic community about the importance of health care and disease prevention during the academic life with changing eating habits and lifestyle, for it suggests that they be implemented some interdisciplinary practices in order to know the profile of the institution and students, so that the theoretical knowledge to generate in students a more meaningful learning that can be used as a tool in the necessary changes in life. / Nas últimas décadas, a preocupação com o conhecimento sobre a nutrição e a influencia que o consumo alimentar exerce para a saúde tem aumentado. O presente estudo, de caráter quali-quantitativo, investigou entre os alunos do curso de graduação em nutrição o conhecimento nutricional adquirido, suas práticas alimentares e o perfil nutricional dos mesmos, a fim de saber se ocorrem mudanças no decorrer do curso. A pesquisa foi realizada com o 1º e 7º semestres de uma instituição de ensino superior, em horário de aula com a presença do professor da disciplina do dia. Foi aplicado uma escala de conhecimento nutricional e um questionário para avaliar os hábitos alimentares e o estilo de vida, além da realização da avaliação nutricional individual de todos os estudantes. Os resultados revelados, de forma geral, demonstram que o conhecimento em nutrição aumenta consideravelmente no decorrer do curso, no 1º semestre o conhecimento moderado e alto somaram 55% e no 7º, somaram 96%. O perfil nutricional mostra que no 1º semestre 65% dos estudantes estão com o peso normal e no 7º semestre esse índice aumenta para 73,1%. Já as práticas alimentares e o estilo de vida dos alunos não obtiveram uma alteração significativa, demonstrando que o conhecimento adquirido durante o curso não é colocado em prática por todos os seus alunos. Espera-se que os resultados obtidos neste estudo contribuam para uma reflexão da comunidade acadêmica acerca da importância do cuidado com a saúde e prevenção de doenças durante a vida acadêmica com mudança de hábitos alimentares e estilo de vida, para isso sugere-se que sejam implementados algumas práticas interdisciplinares, com o intuito de conhecer o perfil dos alunos da instituição e, a fim de que o conhecimento teórico gere nos alunos uma aprendizagem mais significativa que possa ser utilizada como ferramenta nas mudanças necessárias na vida.

O trabalho por turnos é definido como aquele realizado fora dos horários considerados “convencionais”, por exemplo: pelo trabalho no turno noturno ou o trabalho de forma contínua, através do revezamento de equipes. Durante as últimas décadas, a proporção de trabalhadores que executam as atividades em escalas de turnos vem aumentando e, com as mudanças nas condições de trabalho, a organização do ambiente social, familiar, dos hábitos de vida e das necessidades básicas desses trabalhadores passou por significativas transformações, que podem causar danos saúde. O desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e distúrbios metabólicos em trabalhadores de turnos já é bastante evidenciado na literatura, e os estudos epidemiológicos demonstram associações consistentes entre o trabalho por turnos e a ocorrência de doenças, como obesidade, diabetes e síndrome metabólica. Além da relação entre alterações dos ritmos biológicos, disruptura do sistema circadiano e alterações metabólicas, mudanças comportamentais experienciadas pelos trabalhadores de turnos são apontadas como potenciais fatores de risco adicionais ao desenvolimento de doenças. Dentre as alterações nos hábitos de vida, a alimentação parece ser alterada em decorrência do trabalho por turno. Mudanças nos horários de sono, vigília, da atividade laboral, bem como na disponibilidade de alimentos e tempo para realização das refeiçoes em locais adequados, são fatores determinantes nas escolhas alimentares desses indivíduos. Ainda que estudos voltados à avaliaçao da alimentação de trabalhadores de turnos tenham sido propostos e bastante discutidos na literatura, a real influência do turno de trabalho nos hábitos alimentares é pouco elucidada. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi revisar sistematicamente os resultados de estudos que avaliaram os hábitos alimentares de trabalhadores de turnos, de forma a esclarecer como o turno de trabalho influencia, positiva ou negativamente na alimentação. A sumarização de evidências permite a elaboração de condutas e estratégias nutricionais específicas a esse grupo de risco. Além disso, destaca aspectos importantes a serem considerados no desenvolvimento de futuros estudos, visando contribuir com a qualidade das informações obtidas. / Shift work is defined as the one performed outside the "conventional" hours, for example by working the night shift or working continuously through the team relay. Over the last few decades, the proportion of workers performing turn-based activities has been increasing and, with changes in working conditions, the organization of the social, family, living, and basic needs of these workers has changed significantly which can cause health damage. The development of chronic noncommunicable diseases and metabolic disorders in shift workers is already well documented in the literature, and epidemiological studies demonstrate consistent associations between shift work and the occurrence of diseases such as obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In addition to the relationship between changes in biological rhythms, disruption of the circadian system and metabolic alterations, behavioral changes experienced by shift workers are indicated as potential additional risk factors for the development of diseases. Among the changes in life habits, food habits seems to be altered as a result of shift work. Changes in sleep schedules, wakefulness, labor activity, as well as food availability and time to make meals in appropriate places, are determining factors in the food choices of these individuals. Although studies aimed at evaluating the feeding of shift workers have been proposed and discussed in the literature, the real influence of work shift on eating habits is little elucidated. Thus, the objective of this study was to systematically review the results of studies that evaluated the eating habits of shift workers, in order to clarify how the work shift influences, positively or negatively in the diet. Summarizing evidence allows the elaboration of specific nutritional strategies and strategies for this risk group. In addition, it highlights important aspects to be considered in the development of future studies, aiming to contribute to the quality of the information obtained.

This diploma focuses on the topic of nutritional status of patients with osteoporosis. The thesis is divided in two parts. In the first part, the theoretical part I focus on osteoporosis as the definition of the disease, epidemiology and etiology. Clinical manifestations of the disease, methods of diagnosis and treatment are also mentioned. An important part of the thesis is a description of the risk factors and especially the specification of the nutritional aspects of osteoporosis. The nutrients which are connected or could be connected to the disease are also described. Additionally, the influence of physical activity and smoking is mentioned. The last part is focused on the evaluation of the nutritional status. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the nutrition status of patients with osteoporosis. Few steps were carried out to achieve the target of the thesis. First, the theoretical part was written according to the published bibliography, then the research was performed. The research was attended by 60 women patients from osteological ambulatory in Prague and České Budějovice. The research has several parts that are consequently evaluated. Specifically, a short questionnaire concentrating on the intake of calcium or movement activity of the respondents was made. Another part was a frequency...

Introduction: Bariatric metabolic surgery is recognized as a very effective treatment for obesity, performed when the preceding conventional treatment failed or when significant obesity-related complications occured. Diploma thesis is focused on a current practice of dietitians providing nutritional care in weight-loss surgery (WLS), as they play an important role in a multidisciplinary medical team by performing a clinical nutritional evaluation, education and long-term nutritional follow-up. Objective: The aim of the thesis is to present eating habits in patients of the 3rd Medical Department of the 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, in 6 and 12 months after the surgery and to evaluate its accordance to existing nutritional strategies and evidence-base guidelines. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study is focused on nutritional assessment and therapy in management of obesity in 13 patients 6 months post-WLS (M6: 31 % female, 69 % male; mean age 49 ± 8,56 years; mean body weight 119,3 ± 16,64 kg; mean BMI 39,7 ± 6,05 kg/m2 ) and in 17 patients 12 months post-WLS (Y1: 71 % female, 29 % male; age 53 ± 8,01 years; body weight 114,9 ± 31,72 kg; BMI 39,3 ± 6,75 kg/m2 ) together with a control group without surgery (age 47 ± 15 years; body weigh...

Diploma thesis The influence of nutritional measures on the course of ulcerative colitis deals with the influence of dietary habits on the course of ulcerative colitis (especially probiotic foods), namely impact on relapses of the disease. The theoretical part is divided into two parts. The first part describes ulcerative colitis, from definition to treatment. The second part deals with the intestinal microbiome and the factors that affect it, with an emphasis on the influence of food. The semi-structured interview method based on the questionnaire was used to elaborate the practical part. The research group consisted of respondents with ulcerative colitis who were in remission and relapse. A questionnaire was filled with respondents, which consisted of questions about the course of the disease and a frequency questionnaire targeting different groups of foods. The established eating habits were compared to each other among the respondents, given the frequency of relapse of their illnesses. Research has shown that only fermented dairy products are related to relapse rate and retention of remission. For foods that contain fiber that also modulates the intestinal microbe, the relationship between food consumption and relapse has not been proven. Also, the relationship between consumption of fatty...