<p>An unavoidable amount of money is spent on maintaining existing software systems today. Software maintenance cost generally higher than development cost of the system therefore lowering maintenance cost is highly appreciated in software industry.</p><p>A significant part of maintenance activities is related to repeating the investigation of problems and applying repeated solutions several times. A software system may contain a common bug in several different places and it might take extra effort and time to fix all existences of this bug. This operation commonly increases the cost of Software Maintenance Activities.</p><p>Detecting duplicate code fragments can significantly decrease the time and effort therefore the maintenance cost. Clone code detection can be achieved via analyzing the source code of given software system. An abstract syntax tree based clone detector for java systems is designed and implemented through this study.</p><p>This master thesis examines a software engineering process to create an abstract syntax tree based clone detector for the projects implemented in Java programming language.</p>

The huge amounts of data produced in high-throughput techniques in the life sciences and the need for integration of heterogeneous data from disparate sources in new fields such as Systems Biology and translational drug development require better approaches to data integration. The semantic web is anticipated to provide solutions through new formats for knowledge representation and management. Software libraries for semantic web formats are becoming mature, but there exist multiple tools based on foundationally different technologies. SWI-Prolog, a tool with semantic web support, was integrated into the Bioclipse bio- and cheminformatics workbench software and evaluated in terms of performance against non Prolog-based semantic web tools in Bioclipse, Jena and Pellet, for querying a data set consisting of mostly numerical, NMR shift values, in the semantic web format RDF. The integration has given access to the convenience of the Prolog language for working with semantic data and defining data management workflows in Bioclipse. The performance comparison shows that SWI-Prolog is superior in terms of performance over Jena and Pellet for this specific dataset and suggests Prolog-based tools as interesting for further evaluations.

Epoxy composite laminated piezoelectric stress-enhanced actuators (ECLIPSE) have been developed for potential applications by the United States Air Force and others. This class of actuators offers several advantages over other unimorph actuators such as lighter weight, design flexibility, and short production time. Anisotropic differential thermal expansion is utilized in the design of the actuators to achieve large out-of-plane curvature and place the brittle piezoelectric ceramic in residual compression. The numerous composite material choices and configurations can be used to control characteristics of the actuator such as radius of curvature and force output. ECLIPSE actuators were characterized during this study. They were made from layers of Kevlar 49/epoxy composite and a lead zirconate titanate ceramic (PZT) plate. All ECLIPSE actuators tested were built with a PZT plate with the same dimensions and material, but had different layup configurations. By changing the stacking order of the composite and PZT material, characteristics of the actuator were altered. The performance of each ECLIPSE actuator was compared. The maximum achievable displacement of each actuator was measured by cyclically applying an electric field at low frequency between zero and the maximum electric field allowable for the piezoelectric material. The frequency was also increased to a resonance condition to characterize the fatigue behavior of these actuators. In addition, the force output of various actuators was measured with a four-point bending apparatus. The experimental data was compared to a classical lamination theory model and an extended classical lamination theory model. These models were used to predict actuator behavior as well as to calculate the stress and strain distribution through the thickness of the actuator.

<p>This Master’s thesis is aimed at improving the management of artifacts in the context of a joint-project between Jönköping University with the SEMCO project and industrial partner, a company involved in developing software for safety components. Both have a slightly distinct interest but this project can serve both parties.</p><p>Nowadays feature modelling is efficient way for domain analysis. The purpose of this master thesis is to analysis existing four popular feature diagrams, to find out commonalities between each of them and conclude results to give suggestions of how to use existing notation systems efficiently and according to situations.</p><p>The developed software based on knowledge established from research analysis. Two notation systems which are suggested in research part of the thesis report are implemented in the developed software “NotationManager”. The development procedures are also described and developer choices are mentioned along with the comparisons according to the situations</p><p>Scope of the research part as well as development is discussed. Future work for developed solution is also suggested.</p>

編輯器針對標的語言提供的編輯輔助，能夠幫助使用者縮短輸入的過程，並且避免輸入的錯誤。然而此種編輯器開發不易，因此大多數特定領域語言(Domain Specific Language)並無提供編輯輔助的專屬編輯器。Eclipse為一套普遍使用的開發環境與工具整合平台，提供了文字編輯器程式框架使建造此種編輯器成為可能，然而大多數的開發者仍然無法透過此複雜的框架開發少數人使用的編輯器。基於此種因素，我們實做EGOE這一套編輯器生成系統，以標的語言的定義為基礎，使用MDA模型驅動的方式在Eclipse平台上自動生成編輯器，使之為標的語言提供結構化編輯與純文字編輯等不同的編輯方式，並且於文字編輯時提供醒目提示、內容輔助與文字喜好設定等編輯相關的輔助功能。 / An editor with special editing aids for a language can increase efficiency and reduce errors while editing sources of the target language. Although of great use, this kind of editors were difficult to create as witnessed by the lack of a language-specific editor (LSE) for most domain specific languages. As the release of Eclipse, however, the situation is changing. Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) firstly published in late 2001 but quickly emerged as a most used IDE. It is indeed also a tool integration platform providing, besides others, a text editor framework, thus making the development of LSEs on Eclipse possible. However, due to the complication of the platform and, especially, the editor framework, it is not easy at all to develop an LSE directly on the framework without any help. We thus in this thesis propose alternatively a generating system of editing environments on the Eclipse platform, which, when given an editing-related specification of the target language, can apply the model-driven approach as suggested by OMG's MDA to generate an editing environment for the target language on Eclipse. The generated editor provides both structured and text editing capabilities. For text editing, we add among its functionalities those such as syntax highlight, content assist and preferences setting for the target language.

Darbe analizuojamos mobilių įrenginių programavimo priemonių ir universalios sąsajos skirtingiems modeliams sukūrimo galimybės. Išanalizuotos IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse IDE, Python for S60 ir NetBeans IDE programavimo priemonės. Aprašyti programavimo įrankių veikimo bruožai, nustatytos programavimo priemonių galimybės, išvardinti jų privalumai ir trūkumai. Pagal gautus rezultatus pasirinktas NetBeans IDE programavimo įrankis ir juo naudojantis sukurta taikomoji aplikacija. Ji skirta vairavimo mokyklos veiklos procesų optimizavimui bei moksliniams tyrimams atlikti. Taikomoji aplikacija išbandyta skirtingose mobilių įrenginių platfromose. Eksperimentinis tyrimas parodo kurios aplikacijos funkcijos veikia neteisingai. Svarbiausios funkcijos ištaisytos, tačiau keletas neatitikimu negali būti pašalinti, tokie kaip duomenų atvaizdavimas. Nustatyta, kad šis trūkumas gali būti pašalintas tik vaizduojant duomenų lentelę horizontaliai. Eksperimentinis tyrimas parodo kelis universalios sąsajos aplikacijos kūrimo metodus. Be to darbe pateiktas pasiūlymas universalios sąsajos kūrimui naudoti UML diagramas. / The goals of this master’s work are analyzes tools for mobile devices programming and universal interface for different models creation opportunities. Also the paper analyzes Java ME, Visual Studio .NET, Python for S60, NetBeans IDE and BREW programming tools. Describe the features of the functioning of the programming tools, to set the programming options, listed the advantages and disadvantages. The best in this analyze was NetBeans IDE. There are created IS conceptual model of driving school and project of mobile software. According to the programming tools analyzes results and IS project was created new application. It is dedicated to improve driving school processes and make scientific research. Application was tested in different mobile platforms. The test shown application functions which works wrong. Most important functions fixed, but some of them can’t be fixed, such as displaying full table of content. This bug can be fixed only displaying table horizontally. This experimental work shows some methods of universal application creation. Also there is suggested how we can create universal application by using UML diagrams.

Domain Specific Modeling (DSM) aims to increase productivity of software development by raising the level of abstraction beyond code concepts and using domain concepts. By providing a generative model-driven tooling component and runtime support, the Eclipse Graphical Modeling Framework (GMF) aims to simplify the creation of diagram editors for specific domains based on a series of model creation and transformation steps. GMF leverages the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) and the Eclipse Graphical Editing Framework (GEF) to allow the graphical modeling of Domain Specific Languages (DSL). A Domain Specific Language (DSL) is developed specifically for a specific task and specific domain. In this research, the State Machine Compiler (SMC) represents the specific domain for which a DSL in a form of a diagram editor is developed using GMF. SMC is an open source Java tool allowing generation of state pattern classes from textual descriptions of state machines. The main objective of this research is to describe the use of GMF, highlight potential pitfalls and identify strengths and weaknesses of GMF based on certain criteria. To be able to feed the SMC diagrams created with the editor into SMC, a Java Emitter Templates (JET) transformation is used to transform SMC model instances into textual format expected by SMC. / Thesis (Master, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2011-04-14 18:58:08.797

ZnO thin films and nanostructures were grown by eclipse pulsed laser deposition (EPLD) for the first time. On bare sapphire held at 600 °C, a complex nanostructured surface was formed when ablating a metallic Zn target in an oxygen ambient. Nanorods grown by a vapor-solid mechanism clumped together in well separated, micron-sized regions. Nanoscale pyramids with 6 fold symmetry formed between the nanorod clumps by vapor-liquid-solid growth. Strong photoluminescence (PL) was observed from the EPLD grown samples, an order of magnitude stronger than PLD grown nanorods formed under similar growth conditions. Low temperature PL was dominated by the I₇ exciton, which still has an unknown origin. Excitation intensity dependence of I₇ was drastically different than the rest of the nearby excitonic features, behavior which has not been previously reported for bound excitons in ZnO. I₇ also showed large, seemingly random variations in intensity across the surface of each sample compared to the other nearby recombinations, suggesting a structural connection. Introduction of a buffer layer had a profound effect on the morphology and PL from EPLD grown ZnO from a metallic Zn target. Pt has a high melting temperature, which helped suppress the vapor-liquid-solid nanostructure growth resulting in thin-film formation. For standard PLD, the ZnO film showed large grains separated by cracks on the surface. Due to the reduced growth rate in the EPLD geometry, the ZnO layer had a high density of nanoscale pores, reminiscent of the porous Pt buffer layer. Strong PL emission, which was dominated by I₇, was observed from the ZnO/Pt/Al₂O₃ which showed unusual blue/violet emission when the EPLD geometry was used for growth. Thin ZnO buffer layers deposited at reduced temperature also had a profound effect on EPLD grown ZnO, resulting in a random array of nanorods with alignment which was dependent on the growth temperature of the buffer layer. Buffer layers offer another dimension in the control over epitaxial structures and show large potential for EPLD growth of ZnO. Pb was the dominant impurity in the Zn targets used for EPLD growth, hinting at a Pb-related origin for the I7 peak. To explore this idea, hydrothermally grown bulk ZnO was ion-implanted with Pb and then annealed in oxygen at 600 °C to repair damage to the crystal. PL emission intensity was substantially reduced in the Pb-implanted ZnO but the line widths were preserved. No evidence of an I₇ feature was seen for Pb concentrations of up to 0.10%, three orders of magnitude higher than the expected level in the EPLD grown ZnO. However, this does not rule out a Pb-related complex as the origin of I₇ since Pb has complicated interactions with the impurities and native defects in ZnO. Instead of I₇, other sharp excitonic features were observed near the band edge. A bound exciton with a localization energy of 12.4 ± 0.2 meV was observed in the Pb-implanted samples and was attributed to neutral interstitial Pb donors. Pb-implantation produced a clear PL signature which is unique enough to unambiguously detect its presence in ZnO. EPLD also proved successful at depositing oxides of the noble metals. Ir, Pt, Pd, and Ru targets were ablated in oxygen and argon ambients and films were collected on room temperature substrates. Growth in argon resulted in pure metal while oxidized layers were obtained in oxygen. This was clearly evident by the semiconductor-like transmission spectra observed for the oxidized samples. The high fluence used for these growths promoted the oxidation of these resilient metals while the shadow mask blocked most of the molten particulates generated by the high fluence. EPLD is an excellent way to produce oxides from metallic targets, a technique which should be explored in more detail for many material systems.

Softwaresysteme sind komplexe immaterielle Systeme mit einer Vielzahl von Bestandteilen und Beziehungen. Um den Aufbau, die Funktionsweise und die Entwicklung von Softwaresystemen besser zu verstehen, eignen sich Softwarevisualisierungen, welche die abstrakte Datengrundlage in eine visuelle Repräsentation übertragen. Auf Grund der Masse und der Komplexität der in der Visualisierung enthaltenen Informationen, kommt es schnell zur Unübersichtlichkeit, was sich negativ auf den Prozess des Verstehens auswirkt. Zur Beherrschung der Komplexität muss der Betrachter daher die Gesamtheit zuerst in mehrere Perspektiven unterteilen, um diese anschließend gezielt nach verschiedenen Aspekten untersuchen zu können. Die dafür benötigten Interaktionsmöglichkeiten sind Gegenstand der Untersuchungen in dieser Arbeit, wobei im Wesentlichen Visualisierungen der Struktur von Software als Ausgangspunkt genutzt werden. Insbesondere wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie die Interaktion gestaltet werden kann, damit der Benutzer ein möglichst umfassendes Verständnis der Struktur erlangt. Zur Umsetzung der theoretischen Erkenntnisse wird ein Prototyp vorgestellt, der automatisiert aus den Strukturinformationen eines Ecore-Modells eine interaktive dreidimensionale Softwarevisualisierung der Struktur im freien standardisierten Format Extensible 3D generiert. Der Prozess der Visualisierung wird dabei durch Werkzeuge des openArchitectureWare-Frameworks realisiert. Zur Integration in den Entwicklungsprozess ist der Prototyp in ein Plugin für Eclipse eingebettet.

導引精靈(Wizard)是一種廣泛見於現有軟體系統，負責與用戶互動以蒐集資料的程式。其益處是能有效規範資料蒐集過程，並確保資料之完整性與正確性。導引精靈具備了上述種種優點，惟程式開發過程繁複、跨入門檻較高。因此若能快速產生導引精靈，將能提升開發者採用導引精靈意願並降低開發成本。 本研究室早先即遵循模型驅動架構概念，提出一套導引精靈生成系MoDWiz，可迅速在多平台上生成具相同功能的導引精靈。然而MoDWiz尚未實現資料驗證功能，並且只支援簡單的循序式導引精靈，因此應用範圍明顯不足。為了彌補MoDWiz的不足，本研究擴充MoDWiz而成為MoDWiz II系統。除了擴充MoDWiz原有的描述語言WDL之外，MoDWiz II還支援輸入文字資料之驗證功能，可經由開發者提供的正規表達式驗證輸入資料，確保其正確性。此外MoDWiz II也引入了更具實用性的條件式導引精靈結構，使得導引精靈可以根據使用者輸入的資料導引到不同的頁面繼續進行資料蒐集。MoDWiz II目前已經可以在Java與Eclipse執行平台上產生導引精靈，其效用將更勝於原有之MoDWiz。 / A software wizard is an interactive interface program used to collect data from the end user. It is widely used in software systems and forms a common part of most applications. Not only does the wizard modularize and simplify the complex data collection process, but it can also avoid data missing and ensure data integrity. It thus would be very profitable to use wizards in an application. However, the process of implementing a wizard from scratch is tedious and complicated, not to mention building same wizards on multiple platforms. Accordingly, if there is a tool to help rapidly construct wizards on multiple platforms, the developers would be encouraged to use wizards in their applications and at the same time the cost of their applications reduced. Before the inception of this thesis our laboratory had applied the MDA concept to the development of a wizard generating system called MoDWiz. MoDWiz enables the developer to quickly generate a wizard on multiple platforms by a simple declarative description of the target wizard. However, MoDWiz is still rather limited in that it leaves out the key component of data validation, and, more severely, it supports only sequential wizard structure, and hence cannot be used to generate most practical wizards in which nonlinearity is essential. In this thesis we extend MoDWiz to a new one called MoDWiz II. In addition to adapting the description language WDL on MoDWiz, MoDWiz II now support data validation by allowing the developers to provide input data format with regular expressions. Moreover, the most significant achievement of MoDWiz II is its ability to define branch wizards which allow different wizard pages to follow a given page depending on user input during the data collection process. MoDWiz II currently supports Java and Eclipse platforms and its application scope is apparently wider than the original MoDWiz.