Research object: Farms producing ecological production, participating in “Agrarian environment protection” instrumentality ecological farming programme of Plan for Rural Development for 2004–2006 year. Research subject: impact of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming. Research aim: to evaluate influence of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming development. Objectives: 1. To sift condition of Ecological Farming and support amount till membership in European Union. 2. To sift Ecological Farming development potentiality after membership in European Union and changes in amount of European Union Compensatory Support. 3. To evaluate influence of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming development during first year of membership in European Union. Research methods: to sift influence of European Union Compensatory Support for Ecological Farming development nonfiction analysis, statistical analysis, comparative analysis, logical abstract, monographic, graphical depiction and other research methods were used. Using support, emerge possibility to develop production for domestic demand and to integrate it into the common market of Europe Union. Purpose of the Ecological Farming support is that major part of Lithuanian Agriculture became orientated to the sparing, harmonious with environment and human farming.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising bio-compostable and biodegradable thermoplastic made from renewable sources. PLA, is typically obtained by polymerising lactide monomer. The technique mainly used for ring opening polymerization (ROP) of Lactide is based on metallic/bimetallic catalyst (Sn, Zn, and Al) or other organic catalysts in suitable solvent. However, the PLA synthesized using such catalysts may contain trace elements of the catalyst, which may be toxic. In this work, reactive extrusion experiments using stannous octoate Sn(Oct)2 and tri-phenyl phosphine (PPh)3 were considered to perform ROP of lactide monomer using ultrasound as an alternative energy (AE) source for activating and/or boosting the polymerization. Mathematical model of ROP of lactide, was developed to estimate the impact of reaction kinetics and AE source on the polymerization process. Ludovic® software, a commercial code was used. It was adopted for the simulation of continuous reactive extrusion of PLA. Results from experiments and simulations were compared to validate the simulation methodology. Results indicate that the application of AE source in reaction process boost the PLA formation rate. Result obtained through Ludovic simulation and experiments were validated. It was shown that there is a case for reducing the residence time distribution (RTD) in Ludovic due to the ‘liquid’ monomer flow in the extruder. This change in the parameters resulted in validation of the simulation. However, it was concluded that the assumption would have to be established by doing further validations. The simulation model includes the details of kinetics of reactions involved with in the process and helps to upscale the reaction output. This work also estimates the usefulness and drawbacks of using different catalysts as well as effect of alternative energies and future aspects for PLA production.

Theme of master's project is environmentally friendly accommodation in Prachatice and surroundings. The main objective is to identify friendly approaches in the accommodation offers in the friendly area and assess the significance friendly approaches in the strategy of companies, which offer accommodation. Using the sub-objective is considered the structure of preconditions for development of friendly approaches in the accommodation offers, the uniformity of deploy and preferences of visitors to the friendly approaches in accommodation offer. To meet the objectives was created offer analysis, compiled from online sources and books and analysis of demand through questionnaire survey, which investigated interest of respondents in environmentally friendly accommodation. Data obtained by analysis of offer and demand has led to the creation of proposals for optimizing the development of environmentally friendly accommodation in the area.

Theme of thesis is environmentally friendly accommodation in Trebon and surroundings. The main objective is to identify friendly approaches in the accommodation offers in the friendly area and assess the significance of friendly approaches in the strategy of companies, which offer accommodation. From the survey, in which respondents' interest was investigated in environmentally friendly accommodation, was created demand analysis and based on Internet resources and unstructured interviews analysis of the supply of accommodation. From the observed results were determined proposals and measures for improvement.

The diploma thesis is focused on eco-friendly forms of tourism in the microregion Vltavotýnsko. The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the possibilities of financial support of eco-friendly forms of tourism, its gaining and the impact on the development of the microregion. On the basis of identified information, the synthesis and the effectiveness of drawing subsidy titles is done. Then the evaluation of the provided services in the microregion is done.

L'industrie cosmétique a un recours croissant aux espèces végétales comme sources de principesactifs naturels. Leur extraction nécessite des supports sélectifs tels que les polymères à empreintesmoléculaires (MIP). Les travaux de cette thèse reposent sur le développement de MIP pourl’extraction sélective de la glucosamine, de la fructosazine et de la 2,5-déoxyfructosazine.Dans une première partie, trois approches ont été développées pour extraire la glucosamine par desMIP : l’approche covalente, semi-covalente et non covalente. Pour chacune, les différents paramètresintervenant dans la synthèse des MIP ont été optimisés. Les meilleurs résultats ont été obtenus avecun MIP synthétisé selon une approche non covalente ionique reposant sur la complexation de laglucosamine par un acide sulfonique. Les performances du MIP se sont avérées supérieures à cellesde supports commerciaux et des extractions à partir de végétaux ont été réalisées. Le potentielindustrialisable du MIP a été validé lors de premiers tests à plus grande échelle.Dans une deuxième partie, l’extraction simultanée de la fructosazine et de la 2,5-déoxyfructosazine aété réalisée suite au développement d’un MIP synthétisé selon une approche covalente reposant surla formation d’esters boroniques. Une méthode de synthèse originale est exposée puisque lestemplates ont été formés in situ lors de la polymérisation. Le MIP obtenu s’est avéré sélectif dechaque composé et a permis de purifier et de séparer la fructosazine et la 2,5-déoxyfructosazine dematrices végétales et alimentaires.Tous ces travaux ont été réalisés dans une démarche éco-responsable s’appuyant sur l’emploi desolvants aqueux lors de la polymérisation et de l’extraction. / The cosmetic industry uses plants as sources of natural active ingredients. The extraction of theseactive ingredients requires selective extraction method such as molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP)technique. This thesis describes the development of MIP for the selective extraction of glucosamine,fructosazine and 2,5-déoxyfructosazine.In the first part, three approaches were developed to extract glucosamine by MIP technique: thecovalent approach, semi-covalent and noncovalent. For each approach, the various parametersinvolved in the synthesis of the MIP were optimized. The best results were obtained with a MIPsynthesized with a non-covalent ionic approach based on the complexation of glucosamine by asulfonic acid. The MIP exhibits higher performance than commercial media and extractions fromplants were performed. The potential for industrialization of the MIP was validated during initial testson a larger scale.In the second part, the simultaneous extraction of fructosazine and 2,5-déoxyfructosazine wasperformed following the development of a MIP synthesized using a covalent approach based on theformation of boronic esters. An original synthesis method is exposed since the templates were formedin situ during the polymerization. The MIP obtained showed good selectivity for each compound andallowed to separate and purify fructosazine and 2,5-déoxyfructosazine from plant and food matrices.All these works were performed according to an eco-friendly approach based on the use of aqueoussolvents as solvents for polymerization and extraction.

In this era of increasing standard of living and rapid growth of civil engineering construction, environmental issues pertaining to natural resources depletion, global warming, energy crisis, waste pollution and greenhouse gas emission have been major issues of concern throughout the world and most especially in the construction industry. This research was conducted to investigate the applicability of recycled wastepaper as lightweight building materials with focus on contributing to sustainability in the creation of the built environment. The major aim was to develop an eco-friendly lightweight non-loadbearing block from recycled wastepaper without the use of cement as binder. This study specifically addressed the drawback of low strength development that usually occur with increasing wastepaper content in the existing cement-based-wastepaper blocks. It also indirectly addresses; the environmental impacts associated with the construction industry (including; high consumption of natural resources, greenhouse gas emission, high energy consumption and so on), the environmental pollution resulting from unsustainable waste generation, and the generic drawback of high water absorption that plagues wastepaper-based blocks. To achieve this, research methods including; laboratory experimentation and simulation modelling were employed. The research outcome is an eco-friendly block unit designated as Cement-less Wastepaper-based Lightweight Block (CWLB) which contains 75% waste content and exhibiting properties that satisfy the requirements for application as non-loadbearing lightweight blocks in building construction. CWLB displayed compressive strength that far outweighs those recorded for the existing cement-based wastepaper blocks available in the literature. The properties recorded for the optimal CWLB includes; 2.71 MPa average compressive strength, 901.5 kg/m3 average density, 0.19 W/m.k thermal conductivity, 989.9 m/s ultrasonic pulse velocity, 0.0026 g/m2.S0.5 average coefficient of capillary water absorption and 883.38 MPa estimated elastic modulus. The approximate compressive strength of 2.38 MPa and 1.58 MPa were respectively predicted and recorded for the solid and hollow finite element model samples of CWLB. The impressive satisfactory properties of CWLB for the intended application and its eco-friendliness in terms of natural resources conservation and improved compressive strength suggests that CWLB shall indeed serve as a more sustainable alternative to the reigning/existing cement-based-wastepaper blocks and to the conventional masonry blocks of the same category. Amongst other things, future work will address the validation of the approximate compressive strength predicted for the solid and hollow CWLB insitu samples in order to take further the subject matter.

Master of Architecture / Department of Architecture / Gary J. Coates / Buildings account for a large part of total U.S. energy consumption and generate far more greenhouse gas emissions than any other sector of the economy. The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how buildings can be designed in a way that helps to mitigate global environmental problems, while resolving local urban design, architecture and social issues. This purpose was achieved by designing a zero-energy garage apartment for a site located along an alley in Manhattan, Kansas. The methodology for the design was to: identify a client; define project goals and design criteria; determine solar and geothermal renewable energy system requirements; design the garage apartment by employing energy efficient strategies relating to bioregional design and passive solar design; identify eco-friendly materials obtainable within a 500-mile radius of the site; and identify energy-efficient construction methods. The energy performance of the garage apartment was constantly monitored using eQUEST and Energy-10 simulation softwares. Operational definitions: Garage apartment- a building behind the main building[superscript]1, which is part of the same plot as the main building. It is also called a 'backhouse', 'granny flat' or a 'rear house'. Zero-energy house- for this thesis, a grid connected self-standing zero-energy house, which results in zero utility bills throughout the year.

With the growing trend of the manufacturing of sustainable products by the apparel brands, the eco-friendly consumers are becoming more interested in knowing the brands’ sustainability communication and their claims. This study has taken the Katz’s attitude functions theory as a framework to better understand the factors which can help in calculating the consumers’ attitudes towards the sustainability communication of H&M, the leading apparel brand of Sweden. This research paper used qualitative research method and have done the ‘focused group analyses’ to investigate the consumers attitude towards sustainability communication of H&M. Four focus groups interviews were conducted and then transcribed to generate themes to interpretate the results. Researcher utilized the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach as a qualitative research method, to explore the ‘lived experience’ of the research participants. Author then interpretated the results and found out that the consumers are aware from the H&M sustainability communication. Although most of them positively influenced from the brand’s sustainability, yet some of them have doubts on the sustainability claims of H&M.

La presente investigación evalúa la factibilidad y viabilidad de un nuevo producto Limpiador Desinfectante multiusos eco amigable. Según el Estudio Global (2017) sobre Limpieza del Hogar en el Perú, los peruanos hacen limpieza en sus hogares, en su gran mayoría, diaria; seguido de semanal y, en menor cantidad, de frecuencia mensual. Tanto hombres y mujeres comparten responsabilidad en la limpieza del hogar y más de la mitad de los hogares del segmento alto medio realizan sus compras en supermercados. En este sentido, los usuarios emplean productos especializados para la limpieza y desinfección que no son Eco amigables. Ante ello, y en base a nuestro estudio, se encontró que si desean adquirirlo. Para validar la idea de negocio se realizó una encuesta cuantitativa. La fuente primaria estuvo conformada por 269 encuestas que, según el análisis de los resultados, se concluye que el desarrollo de Green Spartan es viable. Con ello, la propuesta de valor es atractiva para el público objetivo. Además, según el precio de fabricación del producto, permite tener un margen de ganancia sobre el precio de venta indicado por nuestro público objetivo. Como propuesta de valor, el Limpiador desinfectante ecológico será el único en el mercado capaz de limpiar y desinfectar en un solo paso. Asimismo, es biodegradable, seguro para la familia y el planeta. Vale agregar, que se encuentra elaborado con componentes que no generan desechos contaminantes. Como beneficios racionales, los usuarios experimentan que sus necesidades de limpieza pueden ser cubiertas con un limpiador desinfectante ecológico eficiente y, a su vez, tienen la seguridad de que no causa daño a su familia ni al medio ambiente. Como beneficios emocionales, los usuarios perciben una sensación de bienestar y compromiso social con el planeta. Ante ello, son conscientes que, al usar el producto de limpieza sin causar daño, contribuyen positivamente al mundo y a su hogar. Finalmente, dentro del análisis financiero y en base a nuestra proyección de ventas (calculada para lograr una cobertura del 10% del mercado meta) vemos que, al tener la capacidad instalada y no tener la necesidad de un apalancamiento, se logra una TIR de 84% cuando el COK de la empresa es de 10.8%. De igual manera, en el escenario pesimista logramos ver que la TIR es superior al COK. Además, el VPN del lanzamiento del producto con el 10% de mercado es de S/. 2,839,805.84. Por ello, el lanzamiento del mismo es bastante atractivo para Spartan Chemical. / In this Thesis assesses the feasibility and feasibility of the introduction of a new product Eco-friendly Multi-purpose Disinfectant Cleaner. According to the Global Study on Household Cleaning in Peru, the frequency with which Peruvians clean their homes is mostly daily; followed by weekly and in smaller quantity with a monthly frequency. Both men and women share responsibility in cleaning the home and more than half of the households in the upper middle segment make purchases in supermarkets. These users use specialized products for cleaning and disinfection that are not Eco friendly and based on our study, we have found that if they want to acquire it. To validate the business idea, a quantitative survey was carried out, the primary source was made up of 269 surveys that, according to the analysis of the results, we can conclude that the development of Green Spartan is viable, since the value proposition is attractive to the target audience in addition, the manufacturing price of the product allows us to have a profit margin over the sales price indicated by our target audience. As a value proposition, our ecological disinfectant cleaner is the only one in the market capable of cleaning and disinfecting in one step. It is biodegradable, safe for the family and the planet. In addition, it is made with components that do not generate polluting waste. As rational benefits, users experience that their cleaning needs can be met with an efficient ecological disinfectant cleaner and at the same time they are sure that it does not harm their family and the environment. As emotional benefits users perceive a sense of well-being and social commitment to the planet, they are aware that using a product that cleans and disinfects without causing harm positively contributes to the world and your home. In the financial analysis we see that, based on our sales projection, calculated to achieve a coverage of 10% of the target market, we see that having the installed capacity and not having the need for leverage, we achieve an TIR of 84%, When the company's COK is 10.8%, in the same way in the pessimistic scenario we can see that the TIR is higher than the COK, the VPN of the product launch with the 10% market is S /. 2,839,805.84, its launch is quite attractive for Spartan Chemical. / Trabajo de investigación