Resumo: Os objetivos do trabalho foram isolar, identificar, comparar meios de cultura para crescimento, esporulação de fungos nematófagos e testá-los no controle de Meloidogyne exigua e M. paranaensis em laboratório, casa de vegetação e em cafezal infestado. Foram testados dois isolados de Arthrobotrys oligospora e um de Arthrobotrys sp., A. musiformis, Monacrosporium robustum e Paecilomyces liIacinus. Os dados obtidos revelaram que esses fungos ocorrem em diferentes agroecossistemas, têm exigências nutricionais especiais e apresentam diferentes níveis de predação para os nematóides estudados. Os meios, farelo de arroz, extrato de levedura e ágar, e o de fubá e ágar propiciaram crescimento e esporulação adequados para a maioria dos isolados estudados. A mistura de palha de café com farelo de arroz foi um substrato adequado para formulação desses fungos. Uma aplicação de 1 ou 2 L da mistura de partes iguais desse substrato colonizado pelos fungos, proporcionou a redução da população dos nematóides. No período estudado a cultura tratada não esboçou sinais de recuperação, indicando que cafezais depauperados, em solos degradados, não se recuperam com uma aplicação. Os dados também possibilitaram inferir que o controle biológico dos nematóides do cafeeiro será tanto mais efetivo quanto mais cedo forem iniciados os tratamentos, e a aplicação sistemática dos fungos, com isolados mais agressivos contra os nematóides presentes, deve ser efetuada. / Abstract: The objective of the research was to isolate, identify and compare culture media for growth and sporulation of nematode antagonistic fungi, and to evaluate the efficiency of these agents for biological control of Meloidogyne exigua and M. paranaensis under laboratory, greenhouse and field environmental conditions. Two isolates of Arthrobotrys oligospora, one of Arthrobotrys sp. and one of each species of A. musiformis, Monacrosporium robustum and Paecilomyces liIacinus, were also evaluated. It was observed that those fungi were very common under distinct agroecosystems, having special nutrition requirements, and also different pathogenicity levels for the nematodes above related. The culture media prepared with rice meal, malt extract and agar as well as the com meal agar favoured adequate growth and sporulation of most the isolates evaluated. The mixture of coffee straw with rice meal showed to be an adequate substrate for these fungi formulation under experimental trials. Just one application of one or two liters of a mixture of equal parts of the substrate colonized by the fungi, reduced the population of nematodes. However, the treated coffee trees did not show any sign of recovery during the period of study, indicating that weak coffee trees under poor soil conditions could not recover with just one treatment. The data also show that biological control of coffee nematodes can be more effective as early as the treatment with the fungi is applied, and, considering that it is a perennial crop, the fungi systematic application along with the selection of more aggressive isolates against the nematodes, must be done. / Orientador: Jaime Maia dos Santos / Coorientador: Rita de Cássia Panizzi / Banca: Marineide Mendonça Aguillera / Banca: Carlos Eduardo de Mendonça Otoboni / Banca: David Ariovaldo Banzatto / Banca: João Carlos de Oliveira / Doutor

Οι περιοχές του ευρωπαϊκού οικολογικού Δικτύου Natura 2000 είναι περιοχές πρόσφορες για την ανάπτυξη πολλαπλών ήπιων τουριστικών δραστηριοτήτων, που έχουν σκοπό την ηρεμία, την απομόνωση, την αισθητική απόλαυση του τοπίου καθώς και τη γνωριμία με το φυσικό περιβάλλον. Η πολύτιμη αξία και η αναγκαιότητα προστασίας και ανάδειξης του φυσικού πλούτου που τις διακρίνει, απαιτούν την υιοθέτηση και εφαρμογή μίας πολυεπίπεδης στρατηγικής, αποτελούμενης από εξειδικευμένα έργα, μέτρα και δράσεις, με σκοπό τη συστηματικότερη διαφύλαξη και διαχείριση των εν λόγω περιοχών και κατ’ επέκταση την εξασφάλιση της βιώσιμης τουριστικής τους ανάπτυξής. Στην παρούσα εργασία θα εξετασθεί η προστατευμένη περιοχή τους ορούς βόρα. Η οποια είναι μια εκτεταμένη περιοχή από συνεχόμενα δάση , βαθιές κοιλάδες και βοσκοτόπους. Εκτός από τα παραπάνω η περιοχή διαθέτει και θερμά λουτρά στο Λουτράκι Αριδαίας τα οποία και επισκέπτονται καθ’ολη την διάρκεια του χρόνου πληθώρα επισκεπτών. Η έρευνα, με τη βοήθεια ενός κατάλληλα διαμορφωμένου ερωτηματολογίου, εξετάζει τα ατομικά χαρακτηριστικά των επισκεπτών, τις δραστηριότητες που αυτοί ασκούν κατά την επίσκεψής τους, τις προτιμήσεις τους, καθώς και τις απόψεις και παρατηρήσεις τους για τα όσα η περιοχή διαθέτει και προσφέρει. Από την ανάλυση και επεξεργασία των απαντήσεων που δόθηκαν, εξάγονται χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα για την εκτίμηση της παρούσας κατάστασης, με απώτερο σκοπό την γενικότερη αναβάθμιση των εν λόγω περιοχών και την επίτευξη μίας ορθολογικής και αποτελεσματικής διαχείρισης, μέσω της ουσιαστικής βελτίωσης της ποιότητας των υπαρχουσών εγκαταστάσεων, υποδομών και παρεχόμενων υπηρεσιών, έτσι ώστε να είναι ανταγωνιστικές και πιο ελκυστικές για όσους επιλέγουν τέτοιους είδους προορισμούς. / The regions of European ecological Network Natura 2000 are regions expedient for the growth of multiple soft tourist activities, that has aim the calm, the isolation, the aesthetic enjoyment of landscape as well as the acquaintance with the natural environment. The precious value and the necessity of protection and appointment of natural wealth that distinguishes him, require the adoption and application of multileveled strategy, constituted from specialised work, metres and action, aiming at the more systematic safeguarding and management of regions in question and at extension the guarantee of their viable tourist growth. In the present work will be examined the protected region the terms [bora]. Whoever is a extensive region from possessed forests, deep valleys and pasture lands. Apart from more the region allocates also hot baths in [Loytraki] [Aridaias] which they visit also at the all duration of time abundance of visitors. The research, with the help of suitably shaped questionnaire, examines the individual characteristics of visitors, the activities that these practise at their visit, their preferences, as well as the opinions and their observations for that the region allocates and offers. From the analysis and treatment of answers that was given, are exported useful conclusions on the estimate of present situation, with final aim the more general upgrade of regions in question and the achievement a rational and effective management, via the essential improvement of quality of existing installations, infrastructures and provided services, so as to they are competitive and more attractive for those who they select such type destinations.

No description available.

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-12-19T14:42:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Antonio Rodrigues dos Santos.pdf: 534378 bytes, checksum: 584b7accf9af413f4bb28691e13adc2a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-19T14:42:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Antonio Rodrigues dos Santos.pdf: 534378 bytes, checksum: 584b7accf9af413f4bb28691e13adc2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-16 / Soils of tropical dry forests in Brazil are poorly studied and even less research is conducted in these forests under different stages of ecological succession natural. Given this situation, this study aimed to characterize chemical, enzymatic, microbiological and determination of organic acids of low molecular weight of dry tropical forest soils. Soil samples were collected in the dry season and the three successional stage - Initial (E), Intermediate (I) and Late (L) - were predetermined by experts, with five areas in each stage and two depths (00-05 -10 cm to 05 cm). The study sites are located in the FazendaTamanduá, inPatos, Paraíba State – Brazil. The climate of the region is the type Bsh (Köeppen classification.) The average annual temperature varies between 20.8 and 32.8 º C and average annual rainfall is 600 mm. Soils are like TypicLitólicos. Results show that human activity directly affects the dynamic soil chemistry and biochemistry. For soil pH, the lowest values were observed in E4 (00-05 cm) with 5.58 and the highest value of 6.70 in the I4 (05-10 cm.) The total organic carbon showed a higher value in the area on I5 depth of 05 -10 cm. organic matter has its greatest value in the area I5 (05-10 cm), with the value of 18.65 g kg-1 . the microbial biomass carbon had its maximum value at the initial stage, with 2.26 mg kg-1. In enzymatic analyzes, it was observed that the influenced successional stages in the same concentration. L4 and L5, at a depth of 00 - 05 cm were the areas that have the highest values for acid phosphatase activity. Already Urease was no significant difference in the depth of 05 - 10cm. Through the analysis of organic acids of low molecular weight, it was possible to identify the presence of two fatty: Acetic acid and maleic acid. maleic No observed only in areas of late stage of ecological succession and at two depths studied. Given this result it was possible to mount cladograms from the multivariate varied, showing diversity in soils. Was therefore concluded that soils under the same successional stage presents different behavior. / O Nordeste brasileiro tem sua área coberta principalmente por Florestas secas tropicais, sendo esse bioma muito ameaçado, onde são encontradas áreas sob diferentes estágios de sucessão ecológica. Diante desse quadro, esse trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização química, enzimática, microbiológica e determinação de ácidos orgânicos de baixo peso molecular de solos de florestas secas tropicais. Os solos foram coletados no período seco e em três estágios sucessionais – Inicial (E), Intermediário (I) e Tardio (L) – foram pré-determinados por especialistas, com cinco áreas em cada estágio e duas profundidades (00 – 05 cm e 05 -10 cm). Os sítios de estudo estão localizados na Fazenda Tamanduá, no municio de Patos, estado da Paraíba – Brasil.Os solos são do tipo NeossoloLitólicos. Os resultados mostram que a ação antrópica interfere diretamente na dinâmica química e bioquímica do solo. Para pH do solo, os menores valores foram observado em solos E4 (00 – 05 cm) com 5,58 e o maior valor de 6,70 na área I4 (05 – 10 cm). O carbono orgânico total apresentou maior valor em solos da área I5 na profundidade de 05 -10 cm. A matéria orgânica teve o seu maior valor na área I5 (05 – 10 cm), com o valor de 18,65 g Kg-1. O carbono da biomassa microbiana teve o seu valor máximo no estágio inicial, com 2,26 mg Kg-1. Nas análises enzimáticas, observou-se que os estágios sucessionais influenciaram na concentração das mesmas. L4 e L5, na profundidade de 00 – 05 cm foram as solos que apresentam os maiores valores para a atividade da fosfatase ácida. Já a atividade da ureaseno solo não apresentou diferenças significativas na profundidade de 05 – 10cm. Com a análise dos ácidos orgânicos de baixo peso molecular, foi possível identificar a presença de dois ácidos: acético e maleico. Sem o maleico observado apenas nas áreas de estágio tardio de sucessão ecológica e nas duas profundidades estudadas. Diante desse resultados foi possível a montagem de dendogramasa partir da análise multivariada, mostrando uma diversidade nos solos estudados. Assim, foi possível concluir que solos sob o mesmo estágio sucessional apresenta comportamento diferente, demonstrando o quanto são sensíveis esses indicadores.

Η διατήρηση της φύσης μέσω της δημιουργίας προστατευόμενων περιοχών έχει θεσμοθετηθεί στην Ελλάδα εδώ και πολλά χρόνια. Με τη δημιουργία του Οικολογικού Δικτύου NATURA 2000 επιδιώκεται να διατηρηθούν οι οικότοποι και τα είδη της αυτοφυούς χλωρίδας και της άγριας πανίδας στην επιθυμητή κατάσταση διατήρησης. Οι προστατευόμενες περιοχές περικλείουν ότι πιο σημαντικό διαθέτει σήμερα η Ελληνική φύση σε τοπία, οικοτόπους και είδη, αλλά και πολύτιμα στοιχεία της ιστορίας, των παραδόσεων και γενικότερα της πολιτισμικής μας κληρονομιάς. Οι βασικές αυτές παράμετροι οικολογικής αξίας χαρακτηρίζουν περιοχές που κρίνονται ιδανικές για την ανάπτυξη πολλών ηπίων τουριστικών δραστηριοτήτων, με στόχο την επανανακάλυψη της φύσης και της ιστορίας. Η ελκυστικότητα των φυσικών και πολιτιστικών πόρων μίας περιοχής σε συνδυασμό με την επιτακτική ανάγκη για προστασία και ανάδειξη του φυσικού πλούτου που την διακρίνει, απαιτεί την υιοθέτηση ενός πολυσύνθετου και πολυεπίπεδου αναπτυξιακού σχεδιασμού, αποτελούμενου από συγκεκριμένα μέτρα και δράσεις, με απώτερο στόχο να επιτευχθεί η στενή σύνδεση της προστασίας με την αειφορική χρήση των φυσικών πόρων της περιοχής, ώστε να αναπτυχθούν δραστηριότητες όπως η αναψυχή και ο τουρισμός. Στα πλαίσια αυτής της εργασίας εξετάζονται οι προστατευόμενες περιοχές « Στενά και Εκβολές του ποταμού Αχέροντα», που ανήκουν στο δίκτυο ΝATURA 2000 και αποτελούν πόλους συγκέντρωσης των επισκεπτών στην ευρύτερη περιοχή. Πραγματοποιήθηκε έρευνα με τη βοήθεια ενός κατάλληλα διαμορφωμένου ερωτηματολογίου, που εξετάζει τα ατομικά χαρακτηριστικά των επισκεπτών, τα μέρη που επισκέφτηκαν και το χρόνο παραμονής τους στην περιοχή, τις δραστηριότητες που αυτοί ασκούν κατά την επίσκεψή τους, καθώς και τις απόψεις και παρατηρήσεις τους για όσα η περιοχή προσφέρει. Από την ανάλυση και επεξεργασία των απαντήσεων που δόθηκαν, προκύπτει ένα χρήσιμο πληροφοριακό υπόβαθρο, για την παρούσα κατάσταση που επικρατεί στην περιοχή, με απώτερο σκοπό την αναβάθμιση της συγκεκριμένης περιοχής και την επίτευξη μιας ορθολογικής και αποτελεσματικής διαχείρισης, προσανατολισμένης στις απαιτήσεις των επισκεπτών της. Επισημαίνονται οι ανάγκες για περαιτέρω έργα, η βελτίωση της ποιότητας των υπαρχουσών εγκαταστάσεων και υποδομών, καθώς επίσης και των παρεχόμενων υπηρεσιών έτσι ώστε, να γίνουν πιο ελκυστικές στους επισκέπτες της περιοχής. / -

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:34:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-06-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:44:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 krzyzanowski_aa_dr_jabo.pdf: 810568 bytes, checksum: f1ddd45c015fb5bb8cfd48d426c11545 (MD5) / Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR) / Os objetivos do trabalho foram isolar, identificar, comparar meios de cultura para crescimento, esporulação de fungos nematófagos e testá-los no controle de Meloidogyne exigua e M. paranaensis em laboratório, casa de vegetação e em cafezal infestado. Foram testados dois isolados de Arthrobotrys oligospora e um de Arthrobotrys sp., A. musiformis, Monacrosporium robustum e Paecilomyces liIacinus. Os dados obtidos revelaram que esses fungos ocorrem em diferentes agroecossistemas, têm exigências nutricionais especiais e apresentam diferentes níveis de predação para os nematóides estudados. Os meios, farelo de arroz, extrato de levedura e ágar, e o de fubá e ágar propiciaram crescimento e esporulação adequados para a maioria dos isolados estudados. A mistura de palha de café com farelo de arroz foi um substrato adequado para formulação desses fungos. Uma aplicação de 1 ou 2 L da mistura de partes iguais desse substrato colonizado pelos fungos, proporcionou a redução da população dos nematóides. No período estudado a cultura tratada não esboçou sinais de recuperação, indicando que cafezais depauperados, em solos degradados, não se recuperam com uma aplicação. Os dados também possibilitaram inferir que o controle biológico dos nematóides do cafeeiro será tanto mais efetivo quanto mais cedo forem iniciados os tratamentos, e a aplicação sistemática dos fungos, com isolados mais agressivos contra os nematóides presentes, deve ser efetuada. / The objective of the research was to isolate, identify and compare culture media for growth and sporulation of nematode antagonistic fungi, and to evaluate the efficiency of these agents for biological control of Meloidogyne exigua and M. paranaensis under laboratory, greenhouse and field environmental conditions. Two isolates of Arthrobotrys oligospora, one of Arthrobotrys sp. and one of each species of A. musiformis, Monacrosporium robustum and Paecilomyces liIacinus, were also evaluated. It was observed that those fungi were very common under distinct agroecosystems, having special nutrition requirements, and also different pathogenicity levels for the nematodes above related. The culture media prepared with rice meal, malt extract and agar as well as the com meal agar favoured adequate growth and sporulation of most the isolates evaluated. The mixture of coffee straw with rice meal showed to be an adequate substrate for these fungi formulation under experimental trials. Just one application of one or two liters of a mixture of equal parts of the substrate colonized by the fungi, reduced the population of nematodes. However, the treated coffee trees did not show any sign of recovery during the period of study, indicating that weak coffee trees under poor soil conditions could not recover with just one treatment. The data also show that biological control of coffee nematodes can be more effective as early as the treatment with the fungi is applied, and, considering that it is a perennial crop, the fungi systematic application along with the selection of more aggressive isolates against the nematodes, must be done.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Howard D. Hahn / “There is an alarming gap between awareness and action on [environmental issues]” (Sheppard, 2005). Public awareness of how to cope and change with these issues is lacking (Sheppard, 2004; Nicholson-Cole, 2005; Dockerty et al., 2005), but new visualization technologies can begin to bridge the gap through environmental education. Environmental education focuses on the user exploring an environment, environmental issues, problem solving and ways to mitigate these issues. While the younger generations (middle to high school students) are much more aware of current and future environmental issues than older generations, the solutions to these problems may not be so apparent. By combining the need to educate young adults about climate change, regional ecosystem climate mitigation, and ecological management for technologically driven youth, middle and high school students can better understand their environment’s impact on climate-change regulation. Through literature synthesis, documentation of existing visualization exhibits and technologies, and preliminary technology exploration, a production process, criteria, framework, and technology recommendations were established. These components informed the final storyboards, which visually organized a proposal to build a 3D learning environment focused on the Konza Prairie and its ecological management practices.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-17T17:35:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ernane Tarcisio Martins Gomes.pdf: 1573845 bytes, checksum: 78069c6459bd2b6aba951ba371ae74fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-17T17:35:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ernane Tarcisio Martins Gomes.pdf: 1573845 bytes, checksum: 78069c6459bd2b6aba951ba371ae74fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-17 / CNPq / Soil organic matter can be derived from the decomposition of animal or vegetable. Most commercial crops show photosynthetic mechanisms C3 and C4, which set different carbon isotopes C12 or C13. Through isotopic analysis can determine the origin and prevalence of type of carbon that make up the soil organic matter (SOM) in a given area. Depending on the chemical fractionation MOS can also be divided into fractions FAF, FAH and FHU, these fractions have specific characteristics depending on their origin training and ambient conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of plant origin C3 or C4 in the formation of the chemical and molecular structure of humic substances extracted from four areas with different vegetation cover, but submitted to agroecological management. To investigate this influence were extracted humic substances (HS) of these soils, being held chemical fractionation and chemical characterization by NMR analysis, FTIR, quantification and ?13C e ?15N isotopes in the AH fraction, 13 C-CP / MAS NMR and elemental determination. From the results obtained from these analyzes it was concluded that the plant does not influence qualitative differences, but in quantitative between the chemical components of humic substances (HS), the type of photosynthetic cycle does not seem to be a determining factor in the formation and incorporation of the types of structures in HA, but rather the quantities of these structures and their humic organizational distribution. The chemometric theoretical analyzes indicate that the development and preservation of humic these soils may be possible in intensive management systems such as rotation upon application of exogenous sources of stabilized SH, as well as favoring the humidification process in less managed systems as pasture and SAF. In this study it was demonstrated by characterization and chemometrics applied to AH of an agro-ecological system, the current state of MOS in terms of stability and structural enrichment and being proposed possible avenues for recovery and preservation of SH in mineral soils that may contribute to the increase in conditions fertility and thus agricultural production. / A mat?ria org?nica do solo pode ser oriunda da decomposi??o de animais ou vegetais. A maioria das culturas comerciais apresentam mecanismos fotossint?ticos C3 ou C4, que fixam diferentes is?topos de carbono C12 ou C13. Atrav?s de an?lises isot?picas ? poss?vel determinar a origem e predomin?ncia do tipo de carbono que comp?em a mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS) em determinada ?rea. Em fun??o do fracionamento qu?mico a MOS ainda pode ser dividida nas fra??es FAF, FAH e FHU, estas fra??es apresentam caracter?sticas especificas em fun??o da sua origem de forma??o e condi??es ambientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influ?ncia da origem vegetal C3 ou C4 na forma??o da estrutura qu?mica e molecular das substancias h?micas extra?das de quatro ?reas com cobertura diferentes vegetais, por?m submetidas ao manejo agroecol?gico. Para averiguar esta influ?ncia foram extra?das as substancias h?micas (SH) destes solos, sendo realizado o fracionamento qu?mico e caracteriza??o qu?mica atrav?s de an?lises de RMN, FTIR, quantifica??o de is?topos ?13C e?15N na fra??o de AH, 13C-CP/MAS NMR e a determina??o elementar. A partir dos resultados obtidos a partir dessas an?lises foi poss?vel concluir que a origem vegetal n?o influencia em diferen?as qualitativas e sim em quantitativas entre os componentes qu?micos das substancias h?micas (SH), o tipo de ciclo fotossint?tico n?o parece ser um fator determinante na forma??o e incorpora??o dos tipos de estruturas nos AH, mas sim nas quantidades destas estruturas e na sua distribui??o organizacional h?mica. As an?lises te?ricas quimiom?tricas indicam que a incorpora??o e preserva??o de MO humificada nestes solos pode ser poss?vel em sistemas de manejo intensivo como a rota??o, mediante aplica??es de fontes ex?genas de SH estabilizada, assim como tamb?m o favorecimento dos processos de humifica??o em sistemas menos manejados como pastagem e SAF. Neste estudo foi comprovado mediante carateriza??o e quimiometria aplicadas aos AH de um sistema agroecol?gico, o estado atual da MOS em termos de estabilidade e enriquecimento estrutural e sendo propostas poss?veis vias para a recupera??o e preserva??o das SH em solos minerais que possam contribuir ao aumento das condi??es de fertilidade e consequentemente da produ??o agr?cola.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:33:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Fabio_Andre_Mayer.pdf: 340280 bytes, checksum: 8d49e0685abd54eb880b623d0a9bf106 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-21 / The objective of this work was to evaluate the biological and chemical quality of the different vermicomposted residues and its used as basic fertilization for the carrots production. The trial was divided in two stages: 1st) vermicomposting of the different organic residue and its biological and chemical assessment and 2nd) evaluation of the vermicomposts as basic fertilization for the carrot production. In the first stage the manure of rabbits (T1), manure of cattle (T2) and the mixture of herbcheck-mate + coffee drags in ratio of 3:1 (T3) were vermicomposted and its biological and chemical quality were evaluate by the quantify of the mites, collembolas and earthworms population. The residues were conditioned in wood boxes, composing four treatments in randomized blocks design with three replications. Were inoculated 150 earthworms red of California (Eisenia andrei) in each box. At 30 and 60 days after earthworms inoculated, were quantify the population of mites and collembolas in surface layer and in the interior of boxes by Trap Tretzel and Tullgren Funnels methodology, respectively. The presence of earthworms was determinate with three sampling by box with a receptacle of 2 L. The chemical characterization of vermicomposts produced was determinate and after used carrots (Daucus carota L.) cv. Nantes production, constituting the second stage of this work. The calculation of the fertilization necessity and lime requirement were based according to the K necessity considering the recommendation of Comissão de Química e Fertilidade do Solo do RS/SC. The experimental factor studied was the basic fertilization with base 10 in the vermicomposts obtained from the different organic residues (first stage) constituting the following treatments: T1 rabbits manure; T2 cattle manure; T3 the mixture of herbcheck-mate + coffee drags (in ratio of 3:1) and T4 without fertilizer. Were evaluated the effects of the treatments about the production and the carrots quality and the soil fertility after de harvested. Considered the obtained results and the conditions in that the work was carried out, can be concluded that: the mite and colembola populations in surface increased with the time course, while in the interior of the vermicompost decrease, with exception of herbcheck-mate + coffee drags. The rabbits manure was the best substrate for the creation and reproduction of earthworms, showed too, the highest nutrient concentration. The vermicomposts used in basic fertilization did not presented strongly influence in the yield of carrots. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade biológica e química de diferentes resíduos vermicompostados utilizados como fonte nutricional para a produção da cenoura. O trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas: 1ª) vermicompostagem de diferentes resíduos orgânicos e sua avaliação biológica e química e 2ª) avaliação dos vermicompostos como adubação de base para a cultura da cenoura. Na primeira etapa, os estercos de coelhos (T1) de bovinos (T2) e a mistura de erva mate + borra de café na proporção de 3:1 (T3), foram vermicompostados e tiveram sua qualidade biológica e química analisada mediante a quantificação das populações de ácaros, colêmbolos e minhocas. Os resíduos a serem vermicompostados foram acondicionados em caixas de madeira, compondo quatro tratamentos com três repetições no delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, sendo intruduzidas 150 minhocas do gênero Eisenia andrei em cada caixa. Aos 30 e 60 dias após a inoculação das minhocas, foi quantificada a população de ácaros e colêmbolos na superfície e no interior das caixas, bem como a população de minhocas. Para ácaros e colêmbolos foram utilizados os métodos da Armadilha de Tretzel (para determinar a mesofauna da superfície) e do Funil de Tullgren (para determinar a mesofauna do interior), enquanto que para contagem das minhocas foram usados três recipientes de 2 L em cada caixa. Os vermicompostos produzidos foram analisados quimicamente e após utilizados na 8 produção da cenouras Nantes (Daucus carota L.), constituindo a segunda etapa do trabalho. O cálculo de adubação e calagem para a segunda etapa do trabalho, foi realizado com base na necessidade de Potássio, de acordo com as recomendações da Comissão de Química e Fertilidade do Solo do RS/SC. O fator experimental estudado foi a adubação de base com os vermicompostos obtidos a partir dos diferentes resíduos orgânicos (primeira fase), constituindo os seguintes tratamentos: T1 - vermicomposto de esterco de coelhos; T2 - vermicomposto de esterco bovino; T3 - resíduo de erva-mate e borra de café na proporção de 3:1; T4 - ausência de adubação. Avaliou-se os efeitos dos tratamentos sobre a produção e a qualidade das cenouras e a fertilidade do solo pós-colheita. Considerando os resultados obtidos e as condições em que foi realizado o experimento, pode-se concluir que: a população de ácaros e colêmbolos na superfície aumenta com o decorrer do tempo, enquanto no interior reduz, com exceção da erva mate + borra de café. O esterco de coelho foi o melhor substrato para a criação e reprodução de minhocas, apresentando, também, maior concentração de nutrientes. Os diferentes vermicompostos utilizados como adubação de base pouco influenciaram o desempenho agronômico da cenoura Nantes . A produtividade final não foi influenciada pelos diferentes vermicompostos utilizados na adubação de base da cenoura.

Orientador: Maria Lucia Galves / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T02:15:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_Alvaro_M.pdf: 5114678 bytes, checksum: c1f07437e5886f622cc75543b7bd28c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: O trabalho apresenta uma proposta de sistema de gestão ambiental para empresa prestadora de serviços logísticos do transporte rodoviário de carga, baseado na norma NBR ISO 14001, integrando o conceito de gestão ecológica, que considera a empresa como uma organização viva com seu fluxo metabólico. A partir da avaliação ambiental inicial, foi possível conhecer o posicionamento da empresa em relação ao meio ambiente e dar seqüência na implantação do sistema de gestão ambiental. Os resultados obtidos, em termos de conscientização ecológica, redução de custos operacionais, racionalização e otimização dos recursos naturais, ganho de competitividade e reforço da imagem corporativa, permitiram à empresa agregar valor na prestação de serviços logísticos / Abstract: This work presents a proposal for an environmental management system to be used by one third-parties logistics of road freight transport, based on standard NBR ISO 14001, integrating the concept of ecologica1 management that considers the enterprise as a living organization with its metabolic flow. Based on the environmental assessment review, it was possible to know the position of the enterprise vis a vis the environment and to implement an environmental management system. The results, in terms of raising ecological consciousness, reducing operational costs, optimizing the use of natural resources, and competitiveness as well as reinforcement of the image of the corporation, allowed the enterprise to add value to its logistics services / Mestrado / Transportes / Mestre em Engenharia Civil