The Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is an issue that has become more relevant in our country since the enforcement of Law 29783, Law SST. Notwithstanding, it has not yet reflected on how prevention measures on occupational risks could improve productivity at a company level and a national level. In this article, the author aims to demonstrate the potential costs that could lead the occupational accidents reported to the Ministry of Labor and Employment Promotion for the period between 2011-2014, from an approach to the study of the economic impact of the occupational accidents and their influence on productivity. / La Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (SST) es una materia que ha cobrado mayor relevancia en nuestro país a partir de la entrada en vigencia de la Ley 29783, Ley de SST. Sin embargo, aún no se ha reflexionado sobre cómo la adopción de medidas de prevención de los riesgos laborales puede repercutir en una mejora de la productividad tanto a nivel empresarial como a nivel nacional. En este artículo, el autor pretende demostrar los potenciales costos que podrían generar los accidentes de trabajo notificados al Ministerio de Trabajo y Promoción del Empleo durante el periodo comprendido entre los años 2011 a 2014, a partir de una aproximación al estudio del impacto económico de los accidentes de trabajo y de su incidencia en la productividad.

Submitted by Paulo Emílio Derenusson (paulo.derenusson2013@gvmail.br) on 2015-09-17T19:44:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Quem paga o tributo.Repercussão econômica e restituição do indébito tributário.Uma conexão possível.Paulo Emílio Derenusson.pdf: 720055 bytes, checksum: 2f621d771c8c3434a02208301bb49933 (MD5) / Rejected by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Paulo, boa tarde Conforme normas da ABNT para que possamos aceitar seu trabalho junto à biblioteca, é necessário retirar a acentuação do nome GETULIO (na CAPA). Após alterações realize uma nova submissão. Att on 2015-09-17T21:19:53Z (GMT) / Submitted by Paulo Emílio Derenusson (paulo.derenusson2013@gvmail.br) on 2015-09-22T08:47:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Quem paga o tributo.Repercussão econômica e restituição do indébito tributário.Uma conexão possível.Paulo Emílio Derenusson.pdf: 720329 bytes, checksum: 769ee673ae05ae5e197fcf156e1a82ec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2015-09-22T10:37:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Quem paga o tributo.Repercussão econômica e restituição do indébito tributário.Uma conexão possível.Paulo Emílio Derenusson.pdf: 720329 bytes, checksum: 769ee673ae05ae5e197fcf156e1a82ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-22T13:45:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Quem paga o tributo.Repercussão econômica e restituição do indébito tributário.Uma conexão possível.Paulo Emílio Derenusson.pdf: 720329 bytes, checksum: 769ee673ae05ae5e197fcf156e1a82ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-18 / A repetição do indébito visa a restituir ao estado anterior aquele que sofreu redução patrimonial de forma indevida, representando uma norma de equidade. Os pedidos de restituição de tributos indevidamente pagos foram objeto de tratamento desigual pela jurisprudência, que influenciou a edição do Código Tributário Nacional ao eleger regramento próprio para os tributos indevidamente pagos, condicionando a legitimidade do contribuinte à prova de que não transferiu o respectivo ônus financeiro ou está autorizado por aquele que recebeu a translação do tributo a pleitear a restituição. A adoção desse racional econômico é motivo de grande controvérsia tanto na doutrina quanto na jurisprudência, em que se pergunta se, ao conectar a legitimidade para pleitear a restituição ao racional econômico da não transferência, a medida de igualdade sofreu uma sensível redução. Com vistas a confirmar essa hipótese, o presente trabalho busca identificar nas raízes históricas da edição do Código Tributário Nacional e na jurisprudência administrativa e judicial da época uma fonte de influência a esse desenho normativo. Passo seguinte, em um diálogo entre o Direito e a Economia, vamos demonstrar como o tributo repercute economicamente, buscando investigar como o contribuinte pode transferir seu encargo a terceiros, quem são estes, sob quais condições isso pode ocorrer e, se pela natureza dos tributos, cabe ou não a translação. Superada essa etapa, com apoio na jurisprudência dos Tribunais Superiores, identificaremos os principais avanços e desafios da jurisprudência sobre a repercussão econômica do tributo e os pedidos de restituição. Após essa investigação, busca-se concluir se a conexão entre a repercussão econômica e a repetição do indébito tributário foi um vetor de equidade ou se esse ponto de intersecção merece ser abolido. / The repetition of overpayment aims to restore the previous state that suffered asset reduction improperly, representing a rule of equity. Applications for refund of unduly paid taxes were subject to unequal treatment in the case law, which influenced the edition of the National Tax Code to elect rule own to unduly paid taxes, affecting the legitimacy of the contributors to the evidence that did not transfer their financial burden or is authorized by the one who received the translation of the tribute to claim the refund. The adoption of this rational economic motive is highly controversial both in doctrine and case law, where it is asked that by linking the legitimacy to claim the refund to the economic rationale of not transfer, the measure of equality suffered a significant reduction. In order to confirm this hypothesis, this study seeks to identify the historical roots of the issue of the tax code and the administrative and judicial jurisprudence of time a source of influence to this normative design. Next step we will demonstrate how the tax affects economically, in a dialogue between law and economics in order to investigate how the taxpayer can transfer their charge to third parties, who are these, what conditions this can occur and, by the nature of taxes, it the translation or not. Overcome this stage, with support in the case law of the Superior Courts will identify the main advances and challenges of case law on the economic impact of the tax and the refund applications. After this research, we seek to complete the connection between the economic impact and the repetition of the tax overpayment was a vector of equity or if the intersection point deserves to be abolished.

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the socio economic impact of the development programs like MGNREGA, JnNURM and development of Roads project, on the intended target area. The entire thesis can be divided in to two parts; (1) developing method to evaluate the socio economic impact assessment and (2) case studies. Two different techniques were used to evaluate the change in the productivity. Initially the change is measure by calculating the difference in the efficiencies between two time period using base period and current period production technologies. To illustrate this method a case study of MGNREGA has been considered to evaluate the impact of seventeen districts of the country. From the results it is found that there is difficult in comparing the two efficiencies due to the scaling issue of two production technologies. Further Data Envelopment Analysis is used to evaluate the distance function in the calculation of Malmquist index (MI). MI gives the productivity change between two time periods and is calculated as the geometric mean of two ratios measured with reference to the time period and time period respectively. A new approach is presented by interpreting the two ratios of MI separately using the distance functions to identify the productivity change between two time periods. Three different regions were identified to determine the productivity change; improvement region which observe improvement in the productivity between two time periods, deterioration region which indicate deterioration in the productivity and status quo region suggesting the stagnation region. Two case studies i.e. Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation and development of roads under the name “5054-Decongestion of Roads project” were considered. The impact of Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM) funds on the performance of Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) is studied using the proposed method. The results suggest that for 50 percent of the overall productivity have improved due to the intervention. The deterioration is mainly because of the addition input surplus in terms of number of buses and output slack in terms of reduced load factor, effective distance travelled, operational costs and increase in number of breakdown and accident rates for these DMU’s. The socio economic impact of the roads developed by Government of Karnataka under the name of “5054-Decongestion of Roads project” in and around Bangalore was also studied using this method and the results shows that out of five DMU’s four DMU’s show improvement in the productivity.

Submitted by Douglas Albuquerque Guideli (douglasguideli@gmail.com) on 2018-08-02T16:46:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_08022018.pdf: 717184 bytes, checksum: b4ea6d8225322985348430a05aa0e914 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2018-08-02T22:34:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_08022018.pdf: 717184 bytes, checksum: b4ea6d8225322985348430a05aa0e914 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-08-03T12:29:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_08022018.pdf: 717184 bytes, checksum: b4ea6d8225322985348430a05aa0e914 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T12:29:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_08022018.pdf: 717184 bytes, checksum: b4ea6d8225322985348430a05aa0e914 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-11 / Nesse trabalho serão analisados possíveis impactos das mudanças de cidades de equipes da NFL durante a década de 90 e início dos anos 2000. Foram analisados dados de renda e emprego dessas regiões e a existência ou não de impacto econômico virá da análise do comportamento das variáveis após a mudança da equipe para a nova cidade. Será utilizado a metodologia ArCo desenvolvido em Carvalho, Masini e Medeiros (2018). Foi encontrada uma grande bibliografia de estudos de impactos econômicos gerados pela prática profissional esportiva em regiões, sempre associando os benefícios concedidos pelo governo com o benefício econômico gerado pela mudança ou chegada de uma equipe profissional a uma região. Esse trabalho se difere dos demais pois em nenhum deles há a aplicação de um modelo contra factual, ou seja, a abordagem desse trabalho será a primeira a tentar evidenciar impactos econômicos após a chegada de equipes profissionais esportivas utilizando esse tipo de modelo estatístico. Não foram encontrados efeitos nas variáveis e regiões estudadas nesse trabalho da prática profissional esportiva em uma região. / The present project aims at analyzing possible impacts from changes in the base-city of NFL teams during the period comprising from 1990 to the early 21th century. Data regarding employment rate and income in those regions would be the main basis of the diagnosis. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the behavior of these variables after the moment of the move from the team to a new town would reveal whether there was an economic impact. The model applied would be the ArCo, developed in Carvalho, Masini e Medeiros (2018). There is an extensive biography available regarding studies related to economic impacts generated by professional sports’ practice in specific regions, always associating the benefits granted by the government with the economic benefit generated by the arrival or departure of a professional team to that region. However, this work significantly differs from the others because in none of them there is the application of a counterfactual model. Therefore, the approach of the present work will be the first one to attempt at demonstrating the economic impacts after the arrival of professional sports teams using this type of statistical model. Author did not found relevant economic effects in variables that were analyzed in this study.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:34:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jonhey N Lucizani.pdf: 1791032 bytes, checksum: 069201851120130c2792d3703a9f2000 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-06 / This work has prospected and analyzed the economic impacts of the Itaipu Technological Park (PTI), hereinafter referred to as impacts on income generation, production and jobs in the Parana, as the economy of the PTI. For this, we used the input-output matrix, using the search field in the PTI organizations to collect accounting information. This information led to the final demand by economic sector of the park, making it possible to design the input-output matrix. The results showed that as the value added to the economy of the PTI was R $ 27,186,350.04, with 55.5% went to employees, the final demand of the PTI was R $ 48,211,646.08, which enabled identify the income multipliers of the PTI is equal to 2.23, 1.52 employment and production equal to 2.28. The PTI was identified as a Park Structuring because accumulated regional experience and is intimately associated with the process of economic and technological development. / Este trabalho prospectou e analisou os impactos econômicos do Parque Tecnológico Itaipu (PTI), doravante denominado de impactos na geração de renda, produção e empregos na economia Paranaense, a partir da economia do PTI. Para isto, utilizou-se da matriz insumo-produto, utilizando pesquisa a campo nas organizações do PTI para coletar as informações contábeis. Estas informações geraram a demanda final do PTI por setor econômico, tornando-a possível projetar na matriz insumo produto. Os resultados apontaram que o valor adicionado do PTI para a economia foi de R$ 27.186.350,04, com 55,5 % foi destinado aos colaboradores, a demanda final do PTI foi R$ 48.211.646,08, a qual possibilitou identificar os multiplicadores de renda do PTI é igual a 2,23, emprego 1,52 e produção igual a 2,28. O PTI foi identificado como um Parque Estruturante, pois acumulou as experiências regionais e está intimamente associado ao processo de desenvolvimento econômico e tecnológico.

The purpose of this study is to examine the possible influence that local communitieshas over the development of eco-tourism in Madhya Pradesh. Interviews with people invillages around the Satpura Tiger Reserve have shown several failings of the Panchayatiraj system as well as testimonies of violation of human and democratic rights inconnection to displacements that occurred.

Dans un contexte d’augmentation constante des dépenses de santé, la création et l'utilisation des technologies innovantes en chirurgie mini-invasive est de plus en plus tributaire de notre capacité à démontrer leur efficacité et évaluer leurs impacts. À ce jour, comme nous le montrons tout au long de cette thèse, la littérature en sciences économiques ne fournit pas aux décideurs et aux évaluateurs les outils adéquats pour réaliser de telles évaluations.Notre travail combine les meilleurs aspects de l'économie de la santé et de l'économie de l'innovation afin d’établir un cadre méthodologique commun pour l'évaluation des innovations chirurgicales hybrides. En utilisant l'institut de chirurgie guidée par l'image (IHU Strasbourg) comme fondation pour nos analyses, nous créons les bases pour une évaluation coût-bénéfice globale couvrant aussi bien ses activités de soin que de R\&D.L'utilisation des outils développés dans cette thèse permettra à l'IHU, ou tout autre institut chirurgical, de justifier l’intérêt de ces types d'activités en démontrant que les impacts socio-économiques d'une innovation chirurgicale peuvent, éventuellement, compenser le coût supplémentaire qu'elle génère pour le système de santé. / With constant rises in healthcare expenditures, the creation and use of innovative technologies in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is increasingly dependent on our ability to demonstrate their efficiency and evaluate their impacts. To date, as we show throughout this thesis, the economic literature has not provided decision makers and analysts with the adequate tools to perform such evaluations.Our work combines the best aspects of health economics and economics of innovation to establish a common methodological framework for the evaluation of hybrid innovations in MIS. Using the Institute of Image Guided Surgery (IHU Strasbourg) as a base for our investigations, we create the groundwork for a comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation covering the institute’s patient care and R\&D activities.The use of the tools developed in this thesis will allow the IHU, or any other surgical institute, to provide advocacy for these types of activities by demonstrating that the socio-economic impacts of a surgical innovation can possibly outweigh the additional cost it incurs to the healthcare system.

Magister Psychologiae - MPsych / The aim of the study was to establish what the perceptions and attitudes are of employees at different levels of the organisation with regard to HIV/AIDS testing. A further aim was to identify possible reasons for the poor employee response to voluntary HIV/AIDS testing. It was thus important for this research to gauge employee knowledge, attitude and behaviour toward HIV/AIDS in order for organisations to develop strategies for effective HIV/AIDS counselling and testing programmes.

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene el propósito de evaluar el impacto económico generado por la derogación del reintegro tributario del impuesto general a las ventas (IGV) en las empresas comercializadoras de productos textiles del distrito de Iquitos ubicado en la selva del Perú. Esta investigación se realizó con la finalidad de analizar los efectos y cambios tanto económicos como corporativos generados en las empresas del sector textil a partir de la decisión del Estado peruano de derogar este beneficio tributario en diciembre del año 2018, el cual consistía en la devolución del impuesto general a las ventas pagado en las compras que realizaban los comerciantes de la región selva. Las empresas objeto de este estudio son las del sector textil, específicamente las empresas que han sido beneficiadas con el reintegro tributario del impuesto general a las ventas. Para formular nuestras hipótesis y analizar los cambios producto de la derogación, se establecieron dos dimensiones: el impacto en las expectativas empresariales y el impacto en los ratios financieros. El primero nos permitió comprobar los efectos producidos en las proyecciones e inversiones de los empresarios. Por otro lado, el segundo nos permitió comprobar los cambios en la situación financiera de las empresas. Las hipótesis planteadas fueron validadas mediante el uso de instrumentos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Por un lado, se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a expertos en temas tributarios; por otro lado, se realizaron encuestas a las empresas del sector textil que fueron beneficiadas con el reintegro tributario del impuesto general a las ventas. / The present research work has the purpose of evaluating the economic impact of the repeal of the tax refund of the general sales tax in the textile product commercialization companies of the district of Iquitos located in the jungle of Peru. This research is carried out with the purpose of analyzing the effects and changes both economic and corporate generated in the companies of the textile sector from the decision of the Peruvian State to repeal this tax benefit in December 2018, which consisted of the refund of the general sales tax paid on purchases made by traders in the jungle region. The companies that are the object of this study are those in the textile sector, specifically the companies that have benefited from the tax refund of the general sales tax. In order to formulate our hypotheses and analyze the changes resulting from the derogation, two dimensions were established: the impact on business expectations and the impact on financial ratios. The first one allowed us to verify the effects produced on businessmen's projections and investments. On the other hand, the second allowed us to verify the changes in the financial situation of the companies. The hypotheses were validated through the use of qualitative and quantitative instruments. On the one hand, in-depth interviews were conducted with experts on tax issues; on the other hand, surveys were conducted with the textile sector companies that benefited from the tax reimbursement of the general sales tax. / Tesis

Les invasions biologiques, deuxième cause de perte de biodiversité à l’échelle mondiale, représentent un risque majeur auquel nos sociétés doivent faire face. On parle d’invasion biologique lorsque des activités humaines permettent à une espèce de franchir des barrières qui jusqu’alors limitaient sa dispersion ou sa multiplication, entrainant une explosion géographique et démographique de l’espèce dans un nouvel écosystème et s’accompagnant éventuellement d’impacts économiques, sociétaux ou écologiques. La façon la plus efficace et la moins coûteuse de limiter les impacts causés par les espèces envahissante et de les prévoir en amont afin de mettre en place des mesures de prévention ciblées et efficaces et d’essayer de les éviter.L’objectif de cette thèse est de démontrer qu’il est possible d’améliorer la prédiction des invasions biologiques en développant et combinant différentes approches de modélisation de façon innovante. Les questions posées sont de savoir s’il est possible de prévoir quelles pourraient-être ces espèces, où elles pourraient devenir envahissantes et quels impacts elles pourraient avoir. Toutes les méthodes développées dans cette thèse ont été appliquées à des hyménoptères sociaux ; nombreuses espèces de fourmis (famille des Formicidés) ou frelon asiatique (famille des Vespidés, vespa Velutina nigrithorax), mais elles sont généralisables et réutilisables pour tout autre taxa.Je montre dans cette thèse qu’il est possible de développer un outil statistique de détection des espèces risquant de devenir envahissantes. J’applique cet outil aux fourmis, je fournis une liste de 15 espèces de fourmis risquant de devenir envahissantes à travers le monde et je cartographie les zones du globe risquant d’être envahies par ces espèces. Chacun des continents est menacée par au moins une de ces invasions potentielles. Dans un deuxième temps, je mets au point d’un cadre méthodologique permettant d’améliorer les prédictions d’aires de distribution des espèces en combinant leurs exigences climatiques et d’habitat, tout en respectant l’échelle géographique à laquelle ces facteurs agissent sur la distribution des espèces. J’applique cette méthode au frelon asiatique, ce qui me permet d’identifier les habitats qui lui sont les plus favorables et d’utiliser ces informations pour raffiner la prédiction de son aire favorable. En combinant le climat et l’habitat, je prédis une aire potentielle de distribution 56% plus restreinte par rapport aux estimations basées sur le climat uniquement. Enfin, dans un troisième temps, je m’intéresse au développement d’une méthode permettant de prédire spatialement les impacts causés par une invasion biologique. Pour ce faire, je prédis d’abord l’abondance potentielle du frelon asiatique en France. Je couple ensuite cette prédiction avec des données de présence de ruches et un modèle présidant l’impact du frelon asiatique sur la survie des colonies d’abeilles. J’estime enfin que cette invasion peut conduire à l’effondrement de 41% des colonies d’abeilles domestiques en France.Cette thèse met en lumière l’utilité d’intégrer la modélisation dans la construction du savoir autour des invasions biologiques, approche relativement nouvelle dans ce champ disciplinaire. De plus, elle illustre comment la modélisation et l’élaboration de prédictions peuvent aider à objectiver la prise de décision concernant la gestion des espèces envahissantes et optimiser leur efficacité en ciblant les habitats, les régions et les espèces d’action prioritaires. / Biologicals invasions, the second cause of biodiversity loss worldwide, represent a major threat that our societies have to face. Invasive species correspond to species that, due to human activities, cross geographic and reproduction barriers and expand into new areas in large numbers. This spread into new ecosystems may have severe socio-economic or ecological impacts. The most efficient way to limit these impacts is to predict and avoid biological invasions before they occur by setting up appropriate management plans.The aim of this PhD thesis is to demonstrate that existing predictive models can be further developed and combined together to improve biological invasion predictions. All of the methods developed in this thesis have been applied to social Hymenoptera: ant species (Formicidae) and the Asian hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax), but they are generalizable to any other taxa. The questions asked are: can we predict future invader species? Can we improve the spatial predictions of their distribution? Can we predict invasive species impact?First, I show in this thesis that it is possible to develop a model that detects future invasive species, even before they have had the chance to be moved outside their native range. I apply this screening tool to more than 2000 ant species, provide a list of the 15 ant species that are highly likely to become invasive and map their global suitability to highlights the area the most at risk from these invasions. All continents are threatened by at least one of these potential invasions. Second, I set up a methodological framework to improve species distribution predictions by combining multi-scale drivers. I apply this method to the invasive Asian hornet, identify its high affinity habitats, and use this information to refine suitability maps. I show that integrating multiple drivers, while still respecting their scale of effect, produced a potential range 55.9% smaller than that predicted using a climatic model alone. Finally, I propose a method to predict invasive species impacts in a spatially explicit way and I apply it to the estimate the Asian hornet’s impact on honeybee colonies in France. To do so, I estimate the Asian hornet nest density across France and combine it with an agent-based hive model to estimate honeybee mortality risk. I show that up to 41% of the honeybee colonies are likely to collapse due to the Asian hornet.Overall, these studies demonstrate how modelling techniques can provide valuable inputs to improve invasive species management decision by offering tools to optimize prevention strategies and target areas, species or habitats where action is needed in priority. Biological invasions involve our scientific, political and cultural perceptions in an intricate way; this PhD thesis highlights the usefulness of bringing together modelling techniques and the rest of biological invasion knowledge to better grasp invasion science complexity.