Esse trabalho tem como objetivo central investigar como o contexto sociocultural em que o aluno está inserido influencia sua maneira de se relacionar com o conhecimento científico. Para isso foram escolhidos 3 contextos distintos: uma escola particular da Zona Oeste de São Paulo (Escola Vera Cruz) e dois projetos de uma Organização não Governamental (ONG) chamada Instituto Acaia, que trabalha com estudantes de escolas públicas com perfis muito diferentes na Capital Paulista. Delimitados os contextos foram realizadas entrevistas, questionários e um conjunto de oficinas e/ou atividades educacionais visando observar como tais estudantes construíam modelos e por onde passavam seus respectivos pensamentos heurísticos. Em cada contexto foram escolhidos um conjunto diferente de atividades, visando estabelecer as propostas pedagógicas que mostravam de maneira mais clara como os estudantes pensavam e construíam modelos teóricos. Assim, optou-se por realizar 6 entrevistas semiestruturadas, um questionário virtual com cerca de 150 participantes, um questionário prévio com os alunos entrevistados e um conjunto de oficinas que colaboraram amplamente com as observações realizadas. Dentre as oficinas realizadas foram observados 3 trabalhos de campo (no Pantanal, no interior de São Paulo e no Vale do Ribeira), um projeto de ciência sobre a construção de instrumentos musicais, cursos eletivos de Astronomia e Física de Partículas, entre outros. A conclusão da pesquisa realizada abordou diversos âmbitos diretamente ligados ao processo educativo: a organização e estrutura do trabalho pedagógico, a influência do contexto sociocultural dos estudantes em seus processos de modelagem, a influência que esse contexto tem e deveria ter na construção curricular e, por fim, como isso impacta nas políticas públicas de larga escala. Possivelmente a principal ideia defendida nessa tese seja a necessidade da construção de um currículo e um curso de física menos propedêutico e mais epistemológico, visando contemplar questões relevantes nos contextos socioculturais dos estudantes. Neste sentido, a presente tese apoia-se nos conceitos de aprendizagem significativa de Ausubell e Zaballa, bem como na construção conceitual do socioconstrutivismo interativo amparado nas teorias de Lev Vygotsky e Charles Hadji. Dentre as muitas conclusões do trabalho destacam-se o papel da nota nas atividades propostas, a ruptura de preconceitos, o papel da linguagem como elemento estruturante do pensamento científico e a importância da construção de sentidos externos ao curso na mobilização dos estudantes de ensino médio. / The main aim of this work is to investigate the socio-cultural context in which the students are inserted and its influences in their way of relating to scientific knowledge. For that, three different contexts were chosen: a private school in West Zone of São Paulo (School Vera Cruz) and two projects of a non-governmental organization (NGO) called Acaia Institute, which works with students from public schools with very different profiles in São Paulo. With the context established, interviews, questionnaires and a set of workshops (and / or educational activities) were conducted in order to observe how students of these contexts built models and the pathway of their respective heuristic thoughts. In each context were chosen different set of activities in order to establish the educational proposals that could show more clearly how students thought and built theoretical models. Thus, it was decided to hold 6 semi-structured interviews, a virtual questionnaire with about 150 participants, a previous questionnaire with interviewed students and a set of workshops, cooperating extensively with the observations. Among the workshops, it were observed 3 external activities (at Pantanal, in the country side of São Paulo and in the \"Vale do Ribeira\"), a science project about the construction of musical instruments, elective courses of Astronomy and Particle Physics, among others. The conclusion of the survey covered many areas directly related to the educational process: the organization and structure of pedagogical work, the influence of socio-cultural context of the students in their modeling process, the influence that the context has and should have in the curriculum construction, and, finally, how it impacts public policy in a large scale. Probably the main idea defended in this thesis is the need to build a resume and a physics course less propaedeutic and more epistemological, seeking to include relevant issues in socio-cultural contexts of students. In this sense, this thesis relies on the concepts of meaningful learning from Ausubell and Zaballa as well as on the conceptual construction of interactive socio-constructivism supported by Lev Vygotsky and Charles Hadji theories. Among the many findings of the present work, is the role of grades in the proposed activities, the breaking of prejudices, the role of language as a structural element of scientific thought and the importance of building external senses to the course in the mobilization of high school students.

Este estudo teve o propósito de narrar as memórias de professores e alunos no contexto de Canela no período de 1930-1960. Pensando nas culturas escolares da localidade, busca-se construir uma narrativa pautada nos pressupostos da História Cultural, considerando as contribuições de Burke que destaca em suas pesquisas a história de pessoas comuns, ou seja, a “história vista de baixo”. Aplicando a metodologia da História Oral, foram realizadas entrevistas com sujeitos que fizeram parte dos contextos escolares de Canela, no recorte temporal do presente estudo, contemplando os sujeitos agentes da própria narrativa, ouvindo suas práticas e descrevendo os espaços vividos nos estabelecimentos de ensino. O intuito foi ouvir como eles compreenderam e perceberam as práticas escolares através das suas próprias representações ocorridas no interior das escolas. As entrevistas foram realizadas com oito alunos e, desses, seis se tornaram professores em Canela, sendo três pertencentes ao período desta pesquisa e com efetiva atuação no município. A narrativa foi organizada em três capítulos. O contexto histórico, atentando para as dimensões político-econômicas e culturais de Canela são pensados para, em seguida, narrar como se constituíram as primeiras escolas de Canela, seus espaços assim como alguns indícios da história de vida de professores. As memórias e imagens das culturas escolares existentes no contexto escolar em relação aos sujeitos, espaços e saberes, analisadas nas décadas de 1930 a 1960, revelaram que as práticas escolares foram historicamente se constituindo por interesses de professores e diversos leigos. Somente ao longo do tempo passou a ser do interesse dos administradores do município de Canela, o que ensejou um aumento significativo de escolas e, com elas, o aumento também de professores. As vivências narradas nas memórias e registradas nas fotografias permitem compreender um cotidiano repleto de práticas educativas significativas para docentes e discentes. Diante dos resultados encontrados e das narrativas construídas, evidenciou-se a importância dessa pesquisa para a comunidade canelense e também para os estudos na área da História da Educação. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-08-03T13:45:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Alessandra Venier.pdf: 3241338 bytes, checksum: 62d45aa60adacf104954574eaa8e0ea2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-03T13:45:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Alessandra Venier.pdf: 3241338 bytes, checksum: 62d45aa60adacf104954574eaa8e0ea2 (MD5) / This study aimed to recount memories of teachers and students in the Canela‟s context in the period 1930-1960. Thinking about the school‟s cultures of the location, it seeks to construct a narrative guided by the assumptions of Cultural History, considering the contributions of Burke in his research that highlights the story of ordinary people, for instance the “history from below”. Applying the methodology of oral history, it was realized interviews with people who were part of the Canela‟s school contexts, in the present time, considering these people part of this relation, listening to their practices and describing their experiences into these education establishments. The intention was to hear how they understood and realized the practice in the schools through their own point of view. The interviews were conducted with eight students and of those six have become teachers in Canela, three belonging to the period of this research and activeness in the municipality. The narrative was organized into three chapters. The historical context, focusing on the political-economic and cultural dimensions of Canela were thought to then narrate as if were the first schools of Canela, its spaces as well as some evidence of the teacher‟s life history. The memories and images of the existing school‟s cultures in the context with the subjects, spaces and knowledges, analyzed in the decades from 1930 to 1960, revealed that school practices have been historically constituted by interests of teachers and many laymen. Only over time it became of interest to administrators of the municipality of Canela, which caused a significant increase in schools and, with them, the amount of teachers also increased. The experiences narrated in the memoirs and recorded in the photographs allow us to understand the educational practices for teachers and students. Facing the results and constructed narratives, the importance of this research is showed for the canelense community and also for studies in History of Education.

Nesta tese apresento a autobiografia como uma possibilidade de pesquisa em educação (Berkenbrock-Rosito, 2009; Gusdorf, 1991; Paula Carvalho, 1998; Ricoeur, 1991 e 1994; Ferreira-Santos, 1998, 2003 e 2005; Ferreira-Santos & Almeida, 2012), admitindo que a narrativa autobiográfica oportunize o reconhecimento das marcas geradas pela e na pessoa, que ao narrar expressa o seu modo de ser, o seu imaginário. Parte-se do princípio de que o imaginário é a força motriz dos processos de criação e, portanto, da formação dos educadores numa perspectiva da antropologia educacional. Ao narrar seu percurso a educadora tem a oportunidade de reconhecer sua própria autoria, seu modo particular de criar novas experiências a partir das trocas geradas em seu cotidiano. Ao narrar a educadora também pode recriar-se. A narrativa de si, como pesquisa autobiográfica, expressa pelo imaginário o sentido da obra a que cada pessoa dedica sua vida, revelando a diversidade dos seus itinerários de formação. Revela-se como uma oportunidade de reelaboração e de imersão no processo formativo, possibilitando o reconhecimento da obra do narrador ao ressignificar sua própria história. Ao narrar meu percurso profissional pelo caminho da educação, reconheci as marcas de minha autoria impressas em cada uma das experiências profissionais nas quais atuei, como professora alfabetizadora, professora no ensino fundamental, médio e superior, e também como gestora e formadora na rede pública no ensino fundamental e na educação infantil. Em cada uma destas experiências cotidianas reconheci a força do imaginário nos processos formativos. Força manifesta pelas produções autorais, quando deixamos de reproduzir o que fizeram conosco e passamos a criar nosso próprio modo de imprimir nossa marca no que fazemos. A narrativa de si emerge como obra inacabada gerada no trajeto antropológico da pessoa em seu constante processo de constituição, na incessante troca de suas pulsões subjetivas e da objetividade de seu meio sócio-cultural. / In this thesis I present the autobiography as a possibility of research in education (Berkenbrock-Rosito, 2009; Gusdorf, 1991; Paula Carvalho, 1998; Ricoeur, 1991 and 1994; Ferreira-Santos, 1998, 2003 and 2005; Ferreira-Santos and Almeida, 2012), assuming that the autobiographical narrative give brand recognition generated by and in person, when recounting that expresses his way of being, your imagination. It starts from the principle that the imagination is the driving force of the processes of creation and therefore the training of educators from the perspective of educational anthropology. In recounting his journey the teacher has the opportunity to recognize their own making, his particular way of creating new experiences from the exchanges generated in their daily lives. In recounting the educator can also recreate themselves. The narrative itself as autobiographical research expressed by the imaginary sense of the work that each person dedicates his life revealing the diversity of its training itineraries. It is revealed as an opportunity to restate and immersion in the training process, enabling the recognition of the narrator\'s work to reframe their own history. In recounting my career the way of education, I recognized the printed marks of my own in each of the professional experiences in which I worked as a literacy teacher, teacher in primary, secondary and higher education, as well as manager and trainer in public in primary and early childhood education. In each of these everyday experiences I recognized the imaginary strength in the formative processes. Force manifested by copyright productions, when we fail to reproduce what they did to us and we started to create our own way to print our brand in what we do. The narrative itself emerges as unfinished work generated in the anthropological path of the person in their constant process of constitution in the constant exchange of their subjective impulses and objectivity of their socio-cultural environment.

Este estudo teve o propósito de narrar as memórias de professores e alunos no contexto de Canela no período de 1930-1960. Pensando nas culturas escolares da localidade, busca-se construir uma narrativa pautada nos pressupostos da História Cultural, considerando as contribuições de Burke que destaca em suas pesquisas a história de pessoas comuns, ou seja, a “história vista de baixo”. Aplicando a metodologia da História Oral, foram realizadas entrevistas com sujeitos que fizeram parte dos contextos escolares de Canela, no recorte temporal do presente estudo, contemplando os sujeitos agentes da própria narrativa, ouvindo suas práticas e descrevendo os espaços vividos nos estabelecimentos de ensino. O intuito foi ouvir como eles compreenderam e perceberam as práticas escolares através das suas próprias representações ocorridas no interior das escolas. As entrevistas foram realizadas com oito alunos e, desses, seis se tornaram professores em Canela, sendo três pertencentes ao período desta pesquisa e com efetiva atuação no município. A narrativa foi organizada em três capítulos. O contexto histórico, atentando para as dimensões político-econômicas e culturais de Canela são pensados para, em seguida, narrar como se constituíram as primeiras escolas de Canela, seus espaços assim como alguns indícios da história de vida de professores. As memórias e imagens das culturas escolares existentes no contexto escolar em relação aos sujeitos, espaços e saberes, analisadas nas décadas de 1930 a 1960, revelaram que as práticas escolares foram historicamente se constituindo por interesses de professores e diversos leigos. Somente ao longo do tempo passou a ser do interesse dos administradores do município de Canela, o que ensejou um aumento significativo de escolas e, com elas, o aumento também de professores. As vivências narradas nas memórias e registradas nas fotografias permitem compreender um cotidiano repleto de práticas educativas significativas para docentes e discentes. Diante dos resultados encontrados e das narrativas construídas, evidenciou-se a importância dessa pesquisa para a comunidade canelense e também para os estudos na área da História da Educação. / This study aimed to recount memories of teachers and students in the Canela‟s context in the period 1930-1960. Thinking about the school‟s cultures of the location, it seeks to construct a narrative guided by the assumptions of Cultural History, considering the contributions of Burke in his research that highlights the story of ordinary people, for instance the “history from below”. Applying the methodology of oral history, it was realized interviews with people who were part of the Canela‟s school contexts, in the present time, considering these people part of this relation, listening to their practices and describing their experiences into these education establishments. The intention was to hear how they understood and realized the practice in the schools through their own point of view. The interviews were conducted with eight students and of those six have become teachers in Canela, three belonging to the period of this research and activeness in the municipality. The narrative was organized into three chapters. The historical context, focusing on the political-economic and cultural dimensions of Canela were thought to then narrate as if were the first schools of Canela, its spaces as well as some evidence of the teacher‟s life history. The memories and images of the existing school‟s cultures in the context with the subjects, spaces and knowledges, analyzed in the decades from 1930 to 1960, revealed that school practices have been historically constituted by interests of teachers and many laymen. Only over time it became of interest to administrators of the municipality of Canela, which caused a significant increase in schools and, with them, the amount of teachers also increased. The experiences narrated in the memoirs and recorded in the photographs allow us to understand the educational practices for teachers and students. Facing the results and constructed narratives, the importance of this research is showed for the canelense community and also for studies in History of Education.

M.A. / In the fourteen years since democracy, there have been many legislative changes in South Africa, especially in the educational sector. Although policies have changed at a macro level, there remains a need to investigate the effect of these policy changes at a micro level. This is an ethnography of two formerly whites-only, Afrikaans-only primary schools. In this study I found that although society and legislation have changed dramatically, what happens in the schools has not necessarily changed. There is widespread resistance to policies such as OBE, the disciplinary code, as well as religious legislation. Furthermore, there is a large element of racism within the schools which is mediated through the personal belief systems of the two headmistresses. Teachers resist legislative change because it does not accord with their own agendas, and is perceived as politically motivated and unworkable in their schools. In some cases, legislative change goes against the teachers’ identity. Teachers respond to this change with resistance—which is often not well articulated or organised. They stay in the profession because of a specific teacher identity that includes a strong religious element.

self and other. If reading the local papers and talking to parents is any indication, Education, it seems, is asked to play a greater role in the upbringing of our students. The schools are responsible for ensuring that the students are well fed and adequately supervised not just during school hours, but before and after as well. Schools are expected to keep up with the rigors of ensuring that the students are practiced in the almighty disciplines of reading, writing, arithmetic and now, technology skills. This will somehow propel them into the economic demands of the new millenium. But the impact of the culture and the community from which the students come - the histories of their experiences as individuals and as a group- are seldom explored. L Intuitively, I am drawn to my own stories when trying to make sense of the stories that swirl and swish amongst the myriad of moments that collectively comprise each experience. The influence our narratives have on the way we understand and learn is explored in this paper. Sandwiched in between the stories is a study of how using Drama as an instructional technique can be used to explore our narratives and expand on our ways of knowing and understanding, particularly how it is experienced by the English as a Second Language (ESL) learner. . Twenty-six grade five and six students from a multi-cultural, suburban community were observed. The students participated in a two-month, tri-weekly unit on basic drama methods, which culminated in a final class narrative performance. Four ways of data collection were employed. A static camera (i.e. a video camera that remained in a fixed position on a tripod in one of the classroom corners) was used throughout each lesson to record the events and to supply another view to the multi-perspective data collection. Student journals as well as a personal narrative from each participant (a video portrait) were collected. The classroom teacher also kept a journal and made observations about her students throughout the unit period. This dissertation was not limited to the stories of the students in the classroom as this journey precipitated a desire, indeed a need, to tell my own stories of daughter, mother, sister, student, teacher and friend. Since our physical experiences, our stories and our ways of understanding are integrally intertwined, this (re) search honored narrative as a way of including these aspects in the dissertation. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION At the University of Zululand in fulfilment or partial fulfilment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Education in the DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION, 2000. / This research examined the role of parents and community leaders in the development and maintenance of school culture in the Inanda District schools. The study made use of interviews and questionnaires to determine whether parents and community leaders perceive themselves as role players in developing the school culture. On the basis of the views from respondents, the study concluded that although parents and community leaders are aware of their role but they do not seem to be willing to do it. The research project, however, established that a high percentage of community leaders are not aware of what is taking place in the school. A high percentage of community leaders responded that there was poor communication between the schools and the community. This seems to limit their contribution to the development of school culture. The study makes recommendations which may facilitate the role of parents in creating the appropriate school culture.

No description available.

The study records narratives told by 11 black and coloured ex-pupils, who between 1992 and 1998 gained access to being educated at a private European school in the suburbs of Johannesburg. The contextualised stories of how they developed "texts of identity" for themselves within the multicultural setting of the school were used to explore a process called "rewriting the self". The identity of the school also is contextualised within its own socio-cultural community, as well as that of multiculturalism in schools. The study is placed within a postmodern Community Psychology epistemology, with a social constructionist "lens" attached to it. The excess of a social construction "lens" (such as "anything goes") is countered by defining the key notions of "texts of identity" - a "sense of self", "human diversity" and "multiculturalism" - within the collapsed boundaries of sameness and differences, global and local, as well as personal and collective notions of the self. The notion of transformation is contextualised as part of the process of "rewriting the self". This is illuminated by means of discourses of the past and human agency/empowerment as well as those related to the South African history of colonisation and apartheid. Narrative discourses also are introduced as a related epistemology and used to construct the ex-pupils' narratives within an Action Research mode, formulated in three ever-widening and interlocking phases. In the process of re-telling their stories the ex-pupils gained self-knowledge regarding how their schooling experiences allowed them to "stretch across (their) boundaries" and re-identify themselves anew. The vantage point was achieved by means of the ex-learners deconstructing their stories as part of a series of reflexive conversations. The insights yielded in this manner achieved the objective of the narrative research procedure. Viewed in a wider South African context, the ex-pupils' personalised stories highlight important issues that help or do not help South Africans make sense of their past and re-identify themselves within new boundaries. One issue that still hamstrings South Africans "rewriting the self" is the dominant discourses of the past regarding race and culture. It is suggested that a "common humanity" discourse (as well as that of "hybridity") be developed more fully as the way out. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

Observations show that antagonising and depressing relationships among individuals and communities are being experienced. In this regard, against the background of a cursory description of the Hindu life-view, the research examines a Hindu perspective on the pedagogic significance of the relationship structure by means of the phenomenological, exemplaric and historical methods. Since man is always in a situation in the world, which influences his being in the world, an attempt to analyse features of modern society in order to establish their effect on the actualisation of authentic Hindu relationships has been undertaken. Examples of these features are materialism; narcissism and hedonism; egalitarianism and globalism; technocracy; secularism and nihilism; violence and also pessimism. In order to properly understand the Hindu life-view and its relevance with regard to the child's authentic relationships, the relationship between the child and significant others, such as parents, family/relatives, other fellow human beings, educator/teacher, community, himself, objects and God, is presented from a Hindu perspective. An analysis of these relationships reveals that a pedagogic relationship structure can be identified. Relevant components of this structure, such as communication, understanding, trust, authority and religiosity are explained from a Hindu perspective. The thesis demonstrates that authentic (Hindu) relationships make it possible to determine sound education principles. In fact, it is demonstrated that authentic relationships and sound education principles are but two sides of the same coin. As such the vital role, which authentic relationship(s) plays with regard to the actualisation of education principles, is discussed from a Hindu perspective. In concluding the study, several recommendations are made. In the final analysis, it is suggested that poor and meaningless relationships can to a certain extent be seen as a response to disregard particular life-views and focus on the promotion of a global society. Sound relationships, on the other hand, can only be established and maintained by identifying norms and values in a world which has contradictory and confusing values. This means that adults and children ought to obey the demands of their life-view, especially because the relationship structure becomes pedagogically significant in terms of a particular life-view. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Philosophy of Education)