No description available.

This study was commissioned by Umeå Energi under the supervision of Rejlers. The assignment consisted of investigating how electricity production facilities affected the grid utility in the region's electricity grid. As the Energy Market Inspectorate in PM - Ei PM2020: 04 developed new calculation methods of grid utility compensation, these were applied in the study. The calculations were then made at four production facilities in the Umeå region's electricity network. In calculations in the study, four calculation variants based on Ei:s Method 2020 were also used. This was due to ambiguities in Ei's memorandum and what the region's tariff setting looked like at low and high load times. For each plant, a retroactive hourly compensation was also developed in relation to the plant's produced energy. What emerged was that each electricity generation plant has an individual impact on grid utility, regardless of the power plant's power type. It also turned out that the compensation varied depending on how the memorandum from Ei was interpreted. The discussion indicates that the network utility compensation has been developed so that the production owner will receive fair compensation. The results also show the challenge of determining a fair grid utility benefit compensation in advance.As a result, retroactive calculations of compensation will there fore be preferred to obtain the actual plant's network's net benefit. / Denna studie har gjorts på uppdrag av Umeå Energi med handledning av Rejlers. Uppdraget bestod av att undersöka hur elproduktionsanläggningar påverkade nätnyttan i regionens elnät. I och med att  energimarknadsinspektionen i PM - Ei PM2020:04 tagit fram nya beräkningsmetoder av nätnyttoersättning så tillämpades dessa i studien. Beräkningarna gjordes sedan på fyra produktionsanläggningar i Umeåregionens elnät. Vid beräkningar i studien användes även fyra beräkningsvarianter baserade på Ei:s Metod 2020. Detta till följd av tvetydigheter i Ei:s promemoria samt hur regionens tariffsättning såg ut vid låg- och höglasttider. För varje anläggning togs även en retroaktiv timbaserad ersättning fram i förhållande till anläggningens producerade energi.  Det som framkom var att varje elproduktionsanläggning har en individuell påverkan av nätnytta, oberoende av produktionsanläggningens kraftslag. Det visade sig också att ersättningen varierade beroende på hur promemorian från Ei tolkas. Diskussionen indikerar på att nätnyttoersättningen är framtagen för att produktionsinnehavaren ska få en rättvisande ersättning. Resultatet visar även på utmaningen med att bestämma en rättvisande nätnyttoersättning i förväg.Därav blir retroaktiva beräkningar av ersättning att fördra för att få fram produktionsanläggningens faktiska nätnytta.

Cette thèse porte sur l'estimation simultanée du coefficient de diffusion et du terme source régissant le modèle de transport de la température dans les plasmas chauds. Ce phénomène physique est décrit par une équation différentielle partielle (EDP) linéaire, parabolique du second-ordre et non-homogène, où le coefficient de diffusion est distribué et le coefficient de réaction est constant. Ce travail peut se présenter en deux parties. Dans la première, le problème d'estimation est traité en dimension finie ("Early lumping approach"). Dans la deuxième partie, le problème d'estimation est traité dans le cadre initial de la dimension infinie ("Late lumping approach"). Pour l'estimation en dimension finie, une fois le modèle établi, la formulation de Galerkin et la méthode d'approximation par projection sont choisies pour convertir l'EDP de transport en un système d'état linéaire, temps-variant et à entrées inconnues. Sur le modèle réduit, deux techniques dédiées à l'estimation des entrées inconnues sont choisies pour résoudre le problème. En dimension infinie, l'estimation en-ligne adaptative est adoptée pour apporter des éléments de réponse aux contraintes et limitations dues à la réduction du modèle. Des résultats de simulations sur des données réelles et simulées sont présentées dans ce mémoire.

The study explores the project manager’s perception of the competitive dynamic amongst the projects that utilize the same organizational resources in the multi-project context.   The method used is a qualitative research design with an inductive approach where the data corpus was analyzed through thematic analysis. Ten project managers with experience in multi-project environments participated in the study. The analysis resulted in three themes. Theme 1: Competing is outdated and unsavory with the sub-themes No competition, we work together, and Friendly competition for a common goal. This theme reflects the respondents’ perception of the competitive dynamic between the projects. Theme 2: Organization set precedent with the sub-theme Governance of projects shows the respondents’ perception of their work situation with the complex nature of projects. Theme 3: Obstacles are unsolved solutions with the sub-theme Do the best you can with what you got and be a good sport about it; demonstrates the respondents’ attitudes, behavior, and view of their part in the dynamic between the other projects, the project managers, and the rest of the organization. Unexpectedly, the respondents did not appear to agree that there are competing dynamics amongst the projects that utilize the same organizational resources in multi-project organizations. Instead, many respondents were averse to competing and saw it as outdated and problematic for the organization’s success and the work environment. The results show that the respondents prefer cooperation instead of competing and choose to prioritize interpersonal relationships with their fellow project managers instead.

In this study, the author provided a discussion of international cross-cultural validation studies which reported low internal consistency reliabilities for the self-motivation facet of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). A review of salient models of emotional intelligence (EI) revealed that self-motivation was consistently conceptualised as part of the sampling domain of trait and mixed models of EI, but not ability-based conceptualisations of the construct. The author provided a qualitative evaluation of the ten self-motivation test items as they appeared in the TEIQue with the purpose of exploring the operationalisation of the construct in a multi-cultural South African sample. The exploratory-descriptive research was conducted amongst permanent employees who have all completed the TEIQue as part of on-going employee assessments. The present study found limited support for a satisfactory operationalisation of the self-motivation facet of the TEIQue as it related to a multi-cultural South African research sample. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Viena labiausiai paplitusių internetinių informacinių sistemų rūšių yra intranetas. Tai organizacijos tinklas, grindžiamas interneto protokolų rinkiniu TCP/IP. Pagrindinė intraneto paskirtis – komunikacija ir bendradarbiavimas tarp organizacijos narių, ir paprastai kiekvienas jų, priklausomai nuo savo atliekamų funkcijų, turi skirtingas naudojimosi intranetu teises. Magistrinio darbo tikslas - sukurti informacinę sistemą „Ei-tinklas“ gimnazijoje – intranetą – kaip vieną iš priemonių, skirtų šiuolaikinei vadybai bei mokymui(-si), realizuoti. / One of the most prevalent types of Internet Information Systems is Intranet. It is an organization network based on the collection TPC/IP of internet records. The main purpose of the Intranet is communication and cooperation among members of an organization, and usually each of them, depending on their accomplishing functions, has different rights of the Intranet’s usage. The aim of Master Degree Work is to create an information system “Ei-network” in the gymnasium – Intranet – as one of the means designed for implementing modern management and teaching (learning).

In this study, the author provided a discussion of international cross-cultural validation studies which reported low internal consistency reliabilities for the self-motivation facet of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). A review of salient models of emotional intelligence (EI) revealed that self-motivation was consistently conceptualised as part of the sampling domain of trait and mixed models of EI, but not ability-based conceptualisations of the construct. The author provided a qualitative evaluation of the ten self-motivation test items as they appeared in the TEIQue with the purpose of exploring the operationalisation of the construct in a multi-cultural South African sample. The exploratory-descriptive research was conducted amongst permanent employees who have all completed the TEIQue as part of on-going employee assessments. The present study found limited support for a satisfactory operationalisation of the self-motivation facet of the TEIQue as it related to a multi-cultural South African research sample. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology, with specialisation in Research Consultation)

Ce travail de thèse s'intéresse au problème de l'optimisation globale d'une fonction coûteuse dans un cadre bayésien. Nous disons qu'une fonction est coûteuse lorsque son évaluation nécessite l’utilisation de ressources importantes (simulations numériques très longues, notamment). Dans ce contexte, il est important d'utiliser des algorithmes d'optimisation utilisant un faible nombre d'évaluations de cette dernière. Nous considérons ici une approche bayésienne consistant à affecter à la fonction à optimiser un a priori sous la forme d'un processus aléatoire gaussien, ce qui permet ensuite de choisir les points d'évaluation de la fonction en maximisant un critère probabiliste indiquant, conditionnellement aux évaluations précédentes, les zones les plus intéressantes du domaine de recherche de l'optimum. Deux difficultés dans le cadre de cette approche peuvent être identifiées : le choix de la valeur des paramètres du processus gaussien et la maximisation efficace du critère. La première difficulté est généralement résolue en substituant aux paramètres l'estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance, ce qui est une méthode peu robuste à laquelle nous préférons une approche dite complètement bayésienne. La contribution de cette thèse est de présenter un nouvel algorithme d'optimisation bayésien, maximisant à chaque étape le critère dit de l'espérance de l'amélioration, et apportant une réponse conjointe aux deux difficultés énoncées à l'aide d'une approche Sequential Monte Carlo. Des résultats numériques, obtenus à partir de cas tests et d'applications industrielles, montrent que les performances de notre algorithme sont bonnes par rapport à celles d’algorithmes concurrents. / This thesis deals with the problem of global optimization of expensive-to-evaluate functions in a Bayesian framework. We say that a function is expensive-to-evaluate when its evaluation requires a significant amount of resources (e.g., very long numerical simulations).In this context, it is important to use optimization algorithms that can deal with a limited number of function evaluations. We consider here a Bayesian approach which consists in assigning a prior to the function, under the form of a Gaussian random process. The idea is then to choose the next evaluation points using a probabilistic criterion that indicates, conditional on the previous evaluations, the most interesting regions of the research domain for the optimizer. Two difficulties in this approach can be identified: the choice of the Gaussian process prior and the maximization of the criterion. The first problem is usually solved by using a maximum likelihood approach, which turns out to be a poorly robust method, and to which we prefer a fully Bayesian approach. The contribution of this work is the introduction of a new Bayesian optimization algorithm, which maximizes the Expected Improvement (EI) criterion, and provides an answer to both problems thanks to a Sequential Monte Carlo approach. Numerical results on benchmark tests show good performances of our algorithm compared to those of several other methods of the literature.

Esta tesis intenta demostrar cómo los sistemas de Recuperación de Información (RI) y los sistemas de Detección de Sucesos (TDT - Topic Detection and Tracking) mejoran si se añade una componente temporal extraída automáticamente del texto, a la cual denominaremos periodo de suceso. Este atributo representa el espacio de tiempo en el que transcurre el suceso principal relatado en cada documento. Con este propósito la tesis ha cubierto los siguientes objetivos: * Definición de un modelo de tiempo para representar y manipular las referencias temporales que aparecen en un texto. * Desarrollo de una aplicación para la extracción de expresiones temporales lingüísticas y el reconocimiento del intervalo absoluto que referencian según el calendario Gregoriano. * Implementación de un sistema para la extracción automática del periodo de suceso. * Modificación de los actuales sistemas de RI, TDT para incluir la información temporal extraída con las herramientas anteriores.

Many cells in the inferior colliculus (IC) are excited by contralateral and inhibited by ipsilateral stimulation and are thought to be important for sound localization. These excitatory-inhibitory (EI) cells comprise a diverse group, even though they exhibit a common binaural response property. Previous extracellular studies proposed specific excitatory and/or inhibitory events that should be evoked by each ear and thereby generate each of the EI discharge properties. The proposals were inferences based on the well established response features of neurons in lower nuclei, the projections of those nuclei, their excitatory or inhibitory neurochemistry, and the changes in response features that occurred when inhibition was blocked. Here we recorded the inputs, the postsynaptic potentials, discharges evoked by monaural and binaural signals in EI cells with in vivo whole cell recordings from the inferior colliculus (IC) of awake bats. We also computed the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductances from the recorded sound evoked responses. First, we showed that a minority of EI cells either inherited their binaural property from a lower binaural nucleus or the EI property was created in the IC via inhibitory projections from the ipsilateral ear, features consistent with those observed in extracellular studies. Second, we showed that in a majority of EI cells ipsilateral signals evoked subthreshold EPSPs that behaved paradoxically in that EPSP amplitudes increased with intensity, even though binaural signals with the same ipsilateral intensities generated progressively greater spike suppressions. These ipsilateral EPSPs were unexpected since they could not have been detected with extracellular recordings. These additional responses suggested that the circuitry underlying EI cells was more complex than previously suggested. We also proposed the functional significance of ipsilaterally evoked EPSPs in responding to moving sound sources or multiple sounds. Third, by computing synaptic conductances, we showed the circuitry of the EI cells was even more complicated than those suggested by PSPs, and we also evaluated how the binaural property was produced by the contralateral and ipsilateral synaptic events. / text