Communication is a large part of multiplayer games, however sometimes communication may lead to misunderstandings or undesired effects which results in hostile behaviors. Toxicity is a huge problem in the video game culture, but by knowing the different emotional effects that voice and text communication causes on a human in a game environment, might be a step towards preventing toxicity from happening.

Sexual abuse is well known problem in society, but less in a sport context. Protection organizations and their work to prevent children from getting hurt in a physically manner as well as emotionally has developed to become increasingly more relevant since the research in the field has gone forward. Previous research has investigated who usually commits sexual actions against children and how the situations expresses itself. Since the research about sexual abuse in sports generally has been qualitatively oriented it has raised questions about a need to investigate the problem through a quantitative perspective by studying the extent. The purpose of this study has thereby been aiming at a sport context in a middle-sized city to investigate how widespread the experienced insecurity in relation to sexual abuse is. The method for the study was questionnaires to keep the respondents totally anonymous. Results showed that experiences of sexual abuse occurred within the researched group, where 7,14% stated experiences of sexual abuse in shape of caresses, degrading comments and invites through social media. Results also expressed the emotional effects the exposed ones felt in shape of anger, fear and a feeling of unfair treatment. The main conclusion of the study is that more actions is needed to prevent sexual abuse in sports since the victim quantities are not down on zero. For instance, more rigorous suitability checks of leaders for children groups. But also spreading the conventions of children’s rights.

This thesis report deals with the meaning of dynamics in lighting in context of the current state oflighting technology and how certain aspects of those can be applied to a specific space.Former studies discovered that biophilic aspects in design can create great benefits for the usersof a space. Natural elements is what we humans most affiliate to. Based on those findings I implementedaspects of dynamics in lighting into my design proposal assuming to be able to give theusers of the MIDDLA space benefit by recreating some degree of ‘virtual biophilia’.MIDDLA is the laboratory of the Media Technology and Interaction Design department of KTH.Characteristics of these facilities are unique as it is located in the attic floor of the oldest buildingon campus which is rather restricted in terms of daylighting and room clearance. Focus is put onthe corridor to evolve into an extension of the laboratory itself as a study area.Future post-occupancy research could be worthwhile of being conducted in combination with furtherdevelopment of the lighting design.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka människors upplevelser av emojis i textlig kommunikation. I studien tillämpades en kvalitativ metod för undersökningen i form av Braun och Clarkes (2006) Tematiska analys. Datainsamlingen bestod av tre fokusgrupper med fyra deltagare i varje grupp, varav elva deltagare var kvinnor och en delatagare var man. Den Tematiska analysen genererade tre teman: Första temat Emojikodens trygghet och osäkerhet beskriver deltagarna känslan av trygghet genom användning av specifika emojis som skapar en kod för att hantera olika relationer. Emojikoden kan även skapa osäkerhet då en relation utvecklas eftersom emojis kan tolkas på olika sätt. Andra temat Emojis förstärker eller mildrar budskap beskriver hur emojis upplevs påverka innebörden av budskapet. Det sista temat Emojis ersätter känslors ord beskriver effektiviteten genom emojis i textlig kommunikation men som också kan resultera i en överdrift. Emojis i textlig kommunikation är av stor betydelse då effekten av att använda den upplevs som möjligt att hantera relationer relationer och sociala roller. Hantering av relationer och sociala roller är viktigt för att stärka självkänslan och bibehålla självbilden. / The purpose of the study was to investigate people`s experiences of emojis in textual communication. The study used qualitative method for the study in the form of Braun and Clarkes (2006) Thematic analysis. The data collection consisted of three focus groups with four participants in each group, of witch eleven particpants were woman and one particpant was male. The Thematic analysis generated three themes: First theme The secuarity and uncertainty of the emojicode describes the particpants sense of security through the use of specific emojis that create a code to manage different relationship. The emojicode can also create uncertainty as a relationship developes because emojis can be interpreted in different ways. Other themes Emoji reinforce or mitigate messages describe how emojis are perceived to affect the meaning of the message. The last theme of Emoji replaces the words of emotion describing the effectiveness of emojis in textual communication but can also result in an exaggeration. Emoji in textual communication is of great importance as the effect of using them is perceived as possible to manage relationships and social roles. Managing relationships and social roles is important for strengthening self-esteem and maintaining self-image.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka de anställdas upplevelser av vårddjurssamspel. Utifrån ett grundat teoretiskt perspektiv har vi utgått ifrån insamlade data och låtit informanternas talan föra arbetet framåt. Vi har dels studerat äldreboenden där personalen får ta med sina djur och där det även bor djur. Dels hundförare med sina hundar som arbetar inom äldrevården samt behandlingshem där terapin med djur sker. Studien baseras på elva datainsamlingar: tre observationer och åtta intervjuer. Tre av intervjuerna var etnografiska. Utifrån intervjuerna fick vi personalens och hundförarnas åsikter kring detta fenomen. Genom observationerna fick vi se hur interaktion med djur kan se ut. Resultatet visar på ett antal faktorer som är viktiga i interaktionen. Dessa är omtanke, ömsesidig uppmärksamhet, förväntningar och djurets uppgifter. Samspelar faktorerna leder det till en positiv emotionell påverkan. Vi fann att personal, hundförare, boende och djur blev positivt emotionellt påverkade av att ha djur i sin omgivning. I och med att det tydligt framkom olika aspekter av djurens arbete har vi funnit samband mellan effekterna som djuren ger. För att tydliggöra interaktionen mellan vårddjuret och individer har vi använt oss av Hochschilds begrepp emotionellt arbete, kopplat till terapihundarnas arbete, samt Goffman och hans teori om dramaturgi, kopplat till hur samspelen ser ut på fältet, för att analysera resultatet. Vår studie fyller en lucka i den tidigare forskningen, som visat att djur har en positiv påverkan men inte vad som krävs för att det ska ske ett lyckat samspel. Vi har även utgått från de anställdas perspektiv istället för de boendes. / The aim of this study is to examine staffs experience of interaction with animals. With the method grounded theory we have let the informants’ words steer the direction of the study. We have studied elderly care who have their own animals and where the staff is able to bring their pets to work. We have also studied dog handlers with their therapy dogs who work in the elderly care and health and rehabilitation clinic who work with animals. The study is based on eleven data collections, three observations and eight interviews. Three of the interviews were of an ethnographic character. From the interviews we found the opinions of the staff and the dog handlers concerning the phenomenon. We were also able to observe the interaction with animals. This result shows several factors that are important in the interaction. These are: care, expectations, the animals task and mutual attention. If there is a connection between them it can lead to a positive emotional effect. We found that the staff, dog handlers, patients and animals were positively emotionally affected during the interaction with animals. To get a sociological connection we have used the term emotional labor from Hochschild and dramaturgy from Goffman to analyze the findings. We found that our study is important and there is a gap in previous research, our studie shows the importance of different factors for a well-functioning interaction. Another supplement is that this studie have focus on the staffs perspective.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how opinion-forming journalists in Västerbotten experience threats and hate and if these things vary depending on if the affected journalist is a woman or a man. This study also aims to examine how these threats and the hate affect the opinion-forming journalists in both an emotional and a professional way. To strengthen the analysis this study is based on four theoretical frameworks. Strömbäcks theories support analyzes about self-censorship and the opinion-forming journalists' importance for democracy. Butler's theories about hate-speech describe how hate-speech can be expressed and affect the receiver. Lazarus and Folkman contribute with a psychological perspective with coping strategies, how they cope with the threats and hate. The theories from Hanitzsch presents various perspectives about the journalistic cultures and supports analysis connected to the journalistic role. The method used to gather the material was qualitative interviews with six opinion-forming journalists in Västerbotten. For the analysis meaning condensation was used. The result presents a total of ten themes, sorted in three chapters based on the issues. The result and analysis indicates that threats and hate is common for opinion-forming journalists in Västerbotten to be exposed by. At the same time, a majority of the participating opinion-forming journalists state that they feel spared. Furthermore, it is very common for the opinion-forming journalist who receives threats or hate to be affected emotionally, mainly with negative emotions such as fear, sadness and discomfort. The biggest professional effect that threats and hate can lead to is self-censorship. Finally, this study can show that there are differences in threats and hate between female and male opinion-forming journalists in Västerbotten. The biggest difference is that women receive more threats and hatred based on sexism and containing sexual allusions.