Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002. / Bibliography : leaves 247-276.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: p. 331-353.

Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. / Title from title page of PDF document (viewed on: Dec 18, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--RAND Graduate School, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Canterbury, 2006. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-120). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Vingt ans après le génocide rwandais, le Nord-Kivu reste fortement marqué par les métastases de cette tragédie. Depuis 1994, cette province en subit les répercussions dans une région où les rivalités communautaires étaient déjà très tendues. En effet, cette région est devenue un condensé de géopolitique régionale où tous les acteurs de la crise sont des héritiers du génocide rwandais. Son étude géopolitique, avec une recherche particulière portée sur le Petit-Nord qui s'étend principalement de 1990 à 2007, permet d‟analyser une période au cours de laquelle les conflits locaux se sont à la fois aggravés et nationalisés jusqu'à se transcender au niveau régional avec l'implication des acteurs étrangers nationaux. L‟instabilité perpétuelle du Nord-Kivu relève de causes multifactorielles où la richesse de son sous-sol combiné par la demande mondiale de matières premières minérales explique la relation de causalité entre l'exploitation illicite des ressources minières et la perpétuation de la guerre, à savoir que la guerre est la continuation de l'économie par d'autres moyens. Elle est également marquée par l'inexistence voire l‟inconsistance de l'État congolais, la densité démographique extrêmement forte de cette région, la porosité des frontières coloniales, l'exacerbation des tensions ethniques et foncières et la profusion de milices armées face à des Nations Unies impuissantes. Mais la prétention régionale du Rwanda reste le coeur de l'instabilité du Nord-Kivu. Kigali a su pleinement profiter et exploiter la culpabilité de la communauté internationale de n'avoir pas réagi au moment du génocide. Ce sentiment d'impunité grâce au « crédit du génocide » est notamment rendu possible par la bienveillance de la communauté internationale et le soutien des « amis du nouveau Rwanda » à commencer par les États-Unis. Le Rwanda a toujours prétexté d'une menace des ex-FAR et des Interahamwe, pour justifier sa présence directe ou indirecte sur le terrain. Pourtant, les FDLR paraissent loin aujourd'hui de représenter une menace réelle pour le Rwanda mais demeure toujours un prétexte facile pour justifier l'ingérence de ses troupes au Nord-Kivu. La conséquence directe de la déstabilisation permanente de la province, est finalement la mise en place d'une forme de « souveraineté partagée » qui a donné la possibilité au Rwanda, directement jusqu'en 2002 puis indirectement jusqu'à aujourd'hui, de profiter à pleines dents « du gâteau » que représente ce territoire. / Twenty years after the Rwanda genocide, the fallout from this tragedy is still leaving a profound mark on North Kivu. Since 1994, this province has continued to suffer from the repercussions in a region where community rivalry was already close to flashpoint. In fact, the region has become a condensed representation of regional geopolitics where all the players in the crisis are the heirs of the Rwanda genocide. A geopolitical study of the region, with in-depth research focussing on the northern province running mainly from 1990 to 2007, offers an analysis of the period during which local conflict worsened and took on a national bias before expanding onto a regional level with the involvement of foreign national players. The causes of perpetual instability in North Kivu are multifaceted – the riches in its subsoil combined with world demand for mineral raw materials explains the causal relationship between the unlawful exploitation of mining resources and continued warfare, namely that war is a continuation of the economy by other means. It has also been marked by the non-existence or even inconsistency of the Congo State, the extremely high density of population in this region, porous colonial frontiers, the exacerbation of ethnic tension and the pressure of land scarcity and the profusion of armed militia opposing a powerless United Nations. But the regional aims of Rwanda remain central to the instability in North Kivu. Kigali has been able to fully take advantage of and exploit the guilt of the international community for not reacting at the time of the genocide. This feeling of impunity due to “credit for the genocide” is notably made possible by the goodwill of the international community and support from the “friends of the New Rwanda”, starting with the United States. Rwanda has always claimed a threat from ex-FAR troops and Interahamwe militia to justify its direct or indirect presence in the field. Nonetheless, the FDLR (Forces for the Democratic Liberation of Rwanda) nowadays seem far from representing an actual threat to Rwanda but still remain an easy pretext to justify the interference of their troops in North Kivu. The direct consequence of permanent destabilisation of the province is ultimately the establishment of a form of “shared sovereignty” that has given Rwanda the possibility – directly up to 2002 and then indirectly up to the present time – to take full advantage of the “slice of the pie” represented by this territory.

Submitted by Gilvan Almeida (gilvan.almeida@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2016-09-26T14:06:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Barata Manoel (msbarata@coc.fiocruz.br) on 2016-10-05T15:04:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 teseRafaelCastro.pdf: 2323329 bytes, checksum: 400bb93ad6bbe2e3ca8442d962a620e6 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-05T15:04:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 teseRafaelCastro.pdf: 2323329 bytes, checksum: 400bb93ad6bbe2e3ca8442d962a620e6 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Casa de Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / O objeto deste trabalho é a circulação e as apropriações da psicanálise pela psiquiatria no Rio de Janeiro no início do século XX. O objetivo principal será o de investigar de que modo a teoria psicanalítica foi recepcionada pelos psiquiatras num amplo contexto de discussão de projetos para a nação brasileira. Para demarcar o grupo de psiquiatras-psicanalistas no Rio de Janeiro no recorte em questão, nos apropriamos do conceito de geração proposto pelo sociólogo Karl Mannheim (1928). Através da proposta metodológica da teoria da recepção/teoria da ação e as discussões sobre as relações entre recepção e circulação de teorias científicas, trabalhamos com a concepção de que não existem interpretações falsas ou corretas quando se fala em recepção de textos, mas sim que a interpretação de cada leitor sobre determinada obra se dá a partir de influências sociais, históricas e experiências pessoais. Nesse sentido, adotando como recorte cronológico os anos de 1926 a 1944, buscamos mostrar como os discursos médicos psiquiátricos que se fundamentavam em pressupostos psicanalíticos tentavam dar conta de detectar e educar o primitivismo do brasileiro (o id nacional), com o intuito de ajustar seus valores e comportamentos aos ideais do mundo moderno e civilizado. A função da teoria psicanalítica neste projeto seria sustentar os discursos que recomendavam a educação ou evolução do id primitivo brasileiro (ligado às paixões, aos impulsos, aos excessos, aos comportamentos desviantes) para que se transformasse num ego civilizado , para enfim se encontrar a identidade nacional. / The object of this work is the circulation and appropriation of psychoanalysis in psychiatry in Rio de Janeiro in the early twentieth century. The main goal will be to investigate how psychoanalytic theory was welcomed by psychiatrists in a broad context for discussion of projects for the Brazilian nation. To demarcate the group of psychiatrists-psychoanalysts in Rio de Janeiro in clipping concerned we appropriated the concept of generation proposed by the sociologist Karl Mannheim (1928). Through the proposed methodology reception theory / theory of action and discussions on relations between reception and circulation of scientific theories, we work with the idea that there are no false or correct interpretations when it comes to receiving texts, but the interpretation of each reader's about a particular work starts from the social, historical influences and personal experiences. In this sense, adopting as chronological cut the years 1926-1944, we seek to show how psychiatric medical discourses that were grounded in psychoanalytic assumptions were trying to account for detecting and educate the Brazilian primitivism (the national „id‟), in order to adjust their values and behaviors to the ideals of the modern civilized world. The function of psychoanalytic theory in this project would be to support the speeches that recommend education or evolution of the Brazilian‟s “primitive id” (on the passions, the impulses, the excesses, the deviant behavior) so that it would become a “civilized ego”, to finally meet the national identity.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / A caracterizaÃÃo do fenÃtipo acetilador e oxidativo das atividades das enzimas metabolizadoras à de fundamental relevÃncia para avaliaÃÃo da resposta farmacolÃgica aos vÃrios agentes terapÃuticos. Os estudos de fenotipagem e genotipagem tÃm como finalidade detectar e mensurar polimorfismos nestas enzimas. O estudo teve como objetivo determinar o perfil fenotÃpico da atividade metabolizadora das enzimas CYP1A2, CYP2A6, XO e NAT2 em uma amostra de oitenta voluntÃrios saudÃveis da populaÃÃo do estado do CearÃ, utilizando a cafeÃna como fÃrmaco âprobeâ. Os voluntÃrios foram avaliados atravÃs de consulta mÃdica para confirmaÃÃo do estado de higidez; as funÃÃes metabÃlicas, hepÃtica e renal foram avaliadas atravÃs de exames laboratoriais hematolÃgicos e bioquÃmicos. O protocolo clÃnico consistiu de um internamento onde os voluntÃrios receberam um comprimido de 200mg de cafeÃna e coletas de sangue e urina. As amostras de sangue seguiram os seguintes intervalos a partir da administraÃÃo: 0; 0:05; 0:15; 0:25; 0:35; 0:45; 1:00; 1:15; 1:30; 2; 4; 6; 8; 12 e 24 horas. A urina foi colhida em seu volume total durante as 10 horas apÃs a administraÃÃo, o volume urinÃrio total foi quantificado e uma alÃquota foi armazenada para determinaÃÃo dos metabÃlitos. O protocolo analÃtico consistiu de dosagem por HPLC das concentraÃÃes plasmÃticas de cafeÃna e das concentraÃÃes urinÃrias dos cinco principais metabÃlitos da cafeÃna: 1U â Ãcido 1-metilÃrico; 17U â Ãcido 1,7-dimetilÃrico; 1X â metilxantina; 17X â 1,7-dimetilxantina e AFMU â 5-acetilamino-6-formilamino-3-metiluracil. A partir das concentraÃÃes molares urinÃrias dos metabÃlitos foram determinadas as atividades das enzimas: CYP1A2 = (AFMU + 1X + 1U)/ 17U; CYP2A6 = 17U / (AFMU + 1X + 1U + 17X + 17U); NAT2 = AFMU/ (AFMU + 1X + 1U) e XO = 1U/ (1X + 1U). Os valores das atividades enzimÃticas foram submetidos a anÃlise por estatÃstica descritiva (histograma) nÃo apresentando distribuiÃÃo normal. Foram identificados pelo menos trÃs fenÃtipos metabolizadores para as enzimas CYP1A2, NAT2 e XO. Com base na atividade de cada enzima os voluntÃrios foram divididos em dez grupos organizados categoricamente. Os voluntÃrios dos grupos de maior e menor atividade enzimÃtica foram escolhidos para determinaÃÃo dos parÃmetros farmacocinÃticos (ASC; t1/2; ke; Vd/Kg; CL). A comparaÃÃo destes parÃmetros (teste âtâ de Student) entre os dois grupos apresentou diferenÃas significantes (p<0,05). Nossos resultados sugerem a existÃncia de polimorfismo nas enzimas estudadas de acordo com a heterogeneidade das atividades enzimÃticas na amostra da populaÃÃo de voluntÃrios saudÃveis do estado do CearÃ. / Characterization of acetylator and oxidative metabolizers phenotypes is of clinical relevance, as it has been shown that the pharmacological response of several therapeutic agents. The studies of phenotypage and genotipage have as purpose to detect and to mensurar polimorfismos in these enzymes. In this study, we assessed in vivo activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, Xantine Oxidase (XO) and NAT2 in sample of 82 volunteers (40 men and 42 women) from Cearà â Brazil using caffeine as probe. The volunteers were free from significant cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, gastrointestinal and hematological disease, as assessed by physical investigation, ECG and hematological and biochemical tests. The study was open, the volunteers were hospitalized, having already had a normal evening meal, and after an overnight fast they received a single 200 mg dose of caffeine tablet. Blood samples were collected in regular interview ( 0; 5min; 15min; 25min; 35min; 45min; 1h; 1,25h; 1,5h; 2h; 4h; 6h; 8h; 12h and 24 hour) after the administration of caffeine. Urine was harvested in its total volume during the 10 hours after the administration of caffeine, the total urinÃrio volume was quantified and an aliquot one was stored for determination of the metabÃlitos. The caffeine was determined in human plasma and the metabolites were determined in human urinary by HPLC using teobromina as an internal standard. The metabolites assessed were: 1U â 1-methyluric acid; 17U â 1, 7-dimethyluric acid; 1X â 1-methylxantine; 17X â 1, 7-1-dimethylxantine e AFMU â 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3methyluracil. The following molar ratios were calculated as an index for CYP1A2 activity [(AFMU + 1X + 1U)/ 17U]; CYP2A6 activity [17U / (AFMU + 1X + 1U + 17X + 17U)]; NAT2 activity [AFMU/ (AFMU + 1X + 1U)] and Xanthine Oxidase activity [1U/ (1X + 1U)]. The enzymatic activities were plotted in histogram. The frequency distributions of the CYP1A2, CYP2A6, XO and NAT2 were not normally distributed, showing three phenotypes. Afterwards the volunteers were classified by enzymatic activities in ten groups, and the lowest and highest metabolizers groups were chosen to determine the following pharmacokinetic parameters: AUC0-24, t1/2, ke, CL and Vd/Kg. The comparison of these parameters (test âtâ de Student) between these two groups it showed significant differences (p<0.05). Our findings may suggest that the heterogeneous population assessed (health volunteers from Cearà - Brazil) has shown polymorphism in the enzymatic activities of the CYP1A2, NAT2, XO and CYP2A6

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2017-09-26T15:36:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Pinto Coelho Jorge - 2017.pdf: 7825738 bytes, checksum: 4eca5b3a59512770f7384ddd353ddb59 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-09-27T11:21:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Pinto Coelho Jorge - 2017.pdf: 7825738 bytes, checksum: 4eca5b3a59512770f7384ddd353ddb59 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-27T11:21:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Pinto Coelho Jorge - 2017.pdf: 7825738 bytes, checksum: 4eca5b3a59512770f7384ddd353ddb59 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-19 / Macula lutea is the region of the retina where the yellow pigments lutein and zeaxanthin are concentrated. Oxidative damage seems to be an important factor for exacerbation of several retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, and a protective role of macular pigment has been postulated. The quantitative study of macular pigment and its distribution are possible through the determination of macular pigment optical density (MPOD). The objective of this study was to determine the mean MPOD value in a sample of the Brazilian population and to evaluate the influence of sex, age, ethnicity, smoking history and refractive status on MPOD values in this sample. A cross-sectional study was performed. Forty-two healthy patients had both eyes photographed using Visucam 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) in combination with the MPOD module. Four variables were obtained: maximum MPOD, mean MPOD, MPOD volume and MPOD area. Demographic data and life habits were collected. The mean MPOD value in the studied population was 0.13 density unit ± 0.02. MPOD values were not influenced by gender, smoking history or refraction. MPOD values were significantly higher among black patients when compared to caucasians. There was a positive but low correlation between mean MPOD and age. / A mácula lútea é a região da retina onde se concentram os pigmentos amarelos luteína e zeaxantina. Acredita-se que eles sejam um fator de proteção para doenças atribuídas ao estresse oxidativo, como degeneração macular relacionada à idade. O estudo quantitativo do pigmento macular e sua distribuição são possíveis por meio da medida da densidade óptica de pigmento macular (MPOD). O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o valor médio de MPOD em uma amostra da população brasileira e avaliar a influência dos fatores sexo, idade, etnia, histórico de tabagismo e status refracional nos valores de MPOD nesta amostra. Foi realizado estudo tipo corte transversal. Quarenta e dois pacientes saudáveis tiveram ambos os olhos fotografados utilizando o Visucam 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Alemanha) em combinação com o módulo MPOD. Quatro variáveis foram obtidas: MPOD máxima, MPOD média, volume de MPOD e área de MPOD. Foram colhidos dados demográficos e hábitos de vida. O valor médio de MPOD nesta amostra da população brasileira foi de 0,13 unidade de densidade ± 0,02. Os valores de MPOD não foram influenciados pelo sexo, histórico de tabagismo ou refração. Os valores de MPOD foram significativamente maiores entre os pacientes negros, quando comparados aos brancos. Encontrou-se uma correlação positiva, porém baixa, entre o valor de MPOD médio e a idade.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Suely Dias Cardoso.pdf: 1974084 bytes, checksum: 8954c0dd5edabf34e8486f4ef155eece (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-31 / FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO / The objective of this work is the attempt of understanding of the relations that if establish between families deriving of the ethnic territory of Alcântara, today, established in outskirts of the capital of the state of the Maranhão, that, historically, had constituted a network of social relations between members of peasant families of diverse villages, by means of a movement with particular strategies that must be designated, in my opinion, as part of those of maintenance and reproduction of these ethnic groups. I intended, from a case - a family unit - to verify, thus, that strategies are being set in motion for its reproduction in the urban way and that network of social relations is kept with the relatives who remain in the country side, characterizing them as a identity network that crosses the form of social organization of these social agents in the capital and in the country side. / O objetivo deste trabalho é a tentativa de compreensão das relações que se estabelecem entre famílias oriundas do território étnico de Alcântara, hoje, estabelecidas em bairros periféricos da capital do estado do Maranhão, que constituíram, historicamente, uma rede de relações sociais entre membros de famílias camponesas de diversos povoados, por meio de uma movimentação com estratégias particulares que devem ser assinaladas, a meu ver, como parte daquelas de manutenção e reprodução desses grupos étnicos. Pretendi, a partir de um caso uma unidade familiar - verificar, assim, que estratégias estão sendo acionadas para sua reprodução no meio urbano e que rede de relações sociais são mantidas com os parentes que permanecem no interior, caracterizando-as como uma rede identitária que atravessa a forma de organização social desses agentes sociais na capital e no interior.