Dissertação (mestrado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Ambiental, Instituto de Educação, 2010. / Submitted by Luize Santos (lui_rg@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-12T02:48:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Cunha Cruz.pdf: 505100 bytes, checksum: ff45ba6245facf7d5a2eb6768e37a94a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-07-18T19:54:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Cunha Cruz.pdf: 505100 bytes, checksum: ff45ba6245facf7d5a2eb6768e37a94a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-18T19:54:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Cunha Cruz.pdf: 505100 bytes, checksum: ff45ba6245facf7d5a2eb6768e37a94a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / A institucionalização é uma medida de proteção em caso de ameaças ou violação dos direitos das crianças e adolescentes. Com caráter excepcional, provisório o acolhimento cumpri seu papel de amparo à criança em situação de risco até que as causas de sua institucionalização sejam resolvidas. A proposta deste trabalho é investigar e compreender o fenômeno da reinserção familiar ressaltando as percepções do adolescente, já que ele transita por dois importantes espaços de desenvolvimento: instituição e família, e, portanto devem ser consideradas as suas opiniões, crenças e sentimentos. Participaram deste estudo 1 adolescente de 13 anos acolhido em instituição não-governamental do município de Rio Grande por ser considerado vítima de negligência familiar e estar em processo de reinserção, o que inclui na pesquisa, a sua família E ainda, os três profissionais da equipe técnica. A metodologia de base é a inserção ecológica. Com a família, adolescente e equipe técnica foi utilizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada com questões que possibilitaram a exposição de concepções, idéias, pensamentos e sentimentos. Após o intervalo de seis meses do primeiro encontro com os participantes, a entrevista foi reaplicada com a família e adolescente. O Mapa de Cinco Campos foi utilizado para mapear a aproximação e expansão da rede de apoio social da criança. Os discursos dos técnicos entrevistados abordaram a amplitude da reinserção desde os primeiros contatos com a família, até o momento do desligamento final percebendo este movimento como positivo, desde que ocorra de forma protegida. Sublinham o desejo da família como fundamental e impulsionador do movimento de transição com maleabilidade e disponibilidade a se reorganizarem e se fortalecerem. Os resultados também apontaram a reinserção como oportunidade de reconstrução, sendo neste estudo, a figura paterna entendida como protagonista, além do repertencimento familiar durante o processo. No segundo momento, os dados apontaram um olhar positivo ao ajuste familiar, na qual a dinâmica flexibiliza até onde se percebe que há proteção do núcleo. Os resultados do Mapa de Cinco Campos demonstraram que durante o retorno à casa, o pai foi identificado como principal referência de apoio, seguido do irmão que transitava por todos os campos de interação do/com o participante. Em relação ao primeiro mapeamento, percebemos que a rede de contato do adolescente aumentou, e que o pai consolidou o vínculo afetivo com o menino. Pode-se pontuar que esta relação pai-filho impulsionou e determinou o sucesso de reinserção, percebida desde o início como uma nova oportunidade de estabelecer relações familiares que tornaram-se mais significativas e intensas com o convívio diário. A Rede de Apoio Social é apontada como fundamental para o trabalho com famílias, pois estende os vínculos sociais para além da instituição. Para auxiliar na compreensão dos sentidos atribuídos às experiências durante esta transição de ambientes, os dados qualitativos foram analisados a partir da grounded-theory. Os dados deste estudo visam a colaborar para um eficiente processo de retorno das crianças e adolescentes institucionalizadas ao seu ambiente familiar de origem. Além disso, pretende possibilitar uma transição ecológica de desenvolvimento que minimize as probabilidades de afastamento do acolhido de sua família. / The family environment is widely seen as the main context for the development of children. However, for various reasons, some families may put the welfare of their children into risk. According to the ECA-Children and Adolescents Laws (Brazil, 1990) it is necessary to apply protective measures in the case of threats or violation of children and adolescents´ rights. Institutionalization is one of the many alternatives for protection. This measure should provide an exceptional, temporary and fulfill its role of support to children at risk until the causes of institutionalization are resolved. The purpose of this study is to investigate and understand the phenomenon of family reintegration through highlighting the perceptions of the child, as she/he passes by two important spaces of development: family and institution, and therefore their views should be considered, along with their beliefs and feelings. In this study, a 12 year old boy from a non-governmental institution of Rio Grande and considered to be victim of neglect and due to the reintegration process, was included in the research, as well as his family and the three professionals that were parto f the institution team. The methodology that based the investigation was the ecological engagement. A semi-structured interview was used with the family, the child and the professionals and allowed the exposure of concepts, ideas, thoughts and feelings. After the interval of six months from the first meeting with family and child the interview was reapplied. The Map of Five Camps was the instrument used to approach and expand the network of social support of the participant child. The speeches of the professional´s team addressed the extent of the reinsertion from the first contacts with the family, seeing this move as positive, since it occurs securely. They also underlined that the desire of the family is crucial and will boost the movement of transition with flexibility and willingness to get reorganized and strengthened. According to the same interviewed professionals, the flow of successful reintegration will pass by the interdependence of desire and the flexibility of organization of the family dynamics with (re) gradual elaboration of the old roles and parenting. The results also indicated the reinsertion as an opportunity for reconstruction, as it was in the case studied. The father figure was seen as a protagonist, along with his perception of processuality and of (re)belonging to the family. In the second stage of this research, data indicated a positive look at the process of setting family togheter in which the dynamics relaxes up to where they realize that there was protection of the family. The results of the Map of Five Camps demonstrated that during the return to home, the father was identified as the main reference of support for the child, followed by the brother who transited through all fields of interaction of / with him. On the first mapping, it is seen that his network has increased and the contact between the child and the father consolidated emotional bonds. The relationship between father-son was determinant to the success of reintegration process perceived from the beginning as a new opportunity to establish family relationships that have become more significant and strong with daily living. The interconnection of the Social Support Network is seen as essential for working with families because social ties extend beyond the institution, as it enables the realization of a work of cooperation and focused on overcoming the weaknesses and the reinstitutionalization and revictimization to of children and adolescents. Te grounded-theory was used as a support to, analyze the qualitative data and helped to understand the meanings attributed to experiences during this transition movements. This study was designed to contribute to an efficient process to help the return of institutionalized children to their families of origin. Furthermore, it allows the development of an ecological transition that minimizes the likelihood of reinstitutionalization and the separation of children from their families of origin.

Magister Artium (Social Work) - MA(SW) / Recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be a lengthy and challenging process for survivors, their families, and health and welfare services. Globally, South Africa has the second-highest prevalence of TBI that is due to road traffic accidents. The growing challenges for TBI survivors are the financial constraints, health implications, and the psychosocial support required by survivors of TBI and their families, which impacts family reintegration, post-hospitalisation. The aim of the study was to understand the challenges experienced by TBI survivors with regards to the psychosocial support services for family reintegration. A qualitative approach, using an exploratory-descriptive design was used. The person-centred perspective was chosen as a theoretical framework.

<p><bold>Abstract</bold></p><p>More than 300,000 soldiers have returned from Southwest Asia (i.e., Iraq and Afghanistan) with combat-related mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) associated with exposure to improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Despite less visible physical injuries, these soldiers demonstrate varying levels of physical and cognitive symptoms that impact their post-mTBI family reintegration. The existing literature acknowledges post-mTBI changes in the injured individual affect family functioning; however, post-injury family functioning, such as coping and adaptation, has not been explored. The intent of this dissertation is to explore the problems and challenges of military family reintegration following mTBI.</p><p>Nine soldiers with mTBI and their spouses participated for a total of 27 interviews. Both joint and separate individual interviews were conducted to explore their post-mTBI family reintegration experiences. Participants included active duty soldiers with mTBI who were between 2 and 24 months post-deployment and their civilian spouses. Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology was used to collect and analyze the data. This dissertation study consists of three papers, each of which explored experiences that surround family reintegration following mTBI.</p><p>The first paper is a comprehensive literature review, examining commonly reported mTBI signs/symptoms, and the impact of these symptoms on the injured individuals and their families. The findings also suggest that psychological distress symptoms such as depression and anxiety are common in injured individuals and their</p><p>families after mTBI. The second paper explores the family reintegration processes of post-mTBI soldiers and their spouses. The majority of participants interviewed, both soldiers and their spouses, indicated that symptoms such as irritability, memory loss, and cognitive deficit affected their family reintegration. Some participants reported they had accepted the changes and were working toward a new normal, whereas others indicated these changes were unacceptable and continued their efforts to resume pre-injury functioning.</p><p>The third paper examined the experiences of soldiers and their spouses about seeking treatment for mTBI-related symptoms. The majority of interviewed soldiers and their spouses indicated that a delayed diagnosis, difficulty accessing mental health care, and having to navigate an unfamiliar military healthcare system were their biggest challenges. Post-mTBI soldiers experienced significant disruption due to mismatched expectations among themselves and other family members concerning their post-injury capabilities. More research is needed in order to develop effective post-injury rehabilitation programs for soldiers with mTBI and their families.</p> / Dissertation

Submitted by VANESSA DE OLIVEIRA null (vanessao@tjsp.jus.br) on 2018-03-29T12:32:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Vanessa de Oliveira.pdf: 10586172 bytes, checksum: efa56e78ab6cfb9ec5fbccd80288a839 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jacqueline de Almeida null (jacquie@franca.unesp.br) on 2018-04-02T13:21:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_V_te_fran.pdf: 10586172 bytes, checksum: efa56e78ab6cfb9ec5fbccd80288a839 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-02T13:21:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_V_te_fran.pdf: 10586172 bytes, checksum: efa56e78ab6cfb9ec5fbccd80288a839 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A tese apresentada busca analisar, a partir da realidade concreta, os desdobramentos do Plano Individual de Atendimento e da Audiência Concentrada no processo de reintegração familiar de crianças e adolescentes sob a medida protetiva Acolhimento Institucional. Tais instrumentais de trabalho surgiram no contexto brasileiro a partir da Lei 12.010/2009 e têm como escopo a provisoriedade desta medida protetiva. A princípio, foi realizada revisão bibliográfica e documental sobre a temática e, posteriormente, pesquisa de campo a partir da coleta de entrevistas semiestruturadas feitas com cinco assistentes sociais e duas psicólogas que trabalhavam na Vara da Infância e Juventude do Judiciário paulista localizada em município de porte pequeno e médio. Crianças e adolescentes são acolhidos institucionalmente desde os tempos do Brasil Colônia até os dias atuais, tendo a pobreza como fator central na motivação para tal acolhimento, enquanto a família foi (e continua sendo) tratada como incapaz de cuidar a contento de seus filhos. Após a promulgação de legislações nacionais e internacionais, que primam pelo direito à convivência familiar e comunitária, pouco se avançou em ações estatais concretas capazes de fazer valer esse direito humano fundamental. Neste ínterim, o Plano Individual de Atendimento nasceu como instrumento de base propulsor da reintegração familiar de crianças e adolescentes no menor tempo possível, mas que, por si só, não promove alterações significativas na vida de famílias empobrecidas. A participação de crianças, adolescentes e famílias tem sido enfatizada durante a construção do Plano Individual de Atendimento, no intuito de romper com ações tutelares e, neste sentido, buscou-se uma aproximação à realidade de Portugal por meio da inserção no Programa Doutorado Sanduíche no Exterior, que transcorreu durante quatro meses. A Audiência Concentrada, na teoria, busca o fomento do Sistema de Garantia de Direito da Criança e do Adolescente no território, a fim de promover a decisão compartilhada sobre a reintegração familiar. Os contributos dos instrumentais aqui analisados apontam que a família, representada pela figura da mulher/mãe, continua a ser julgada e punida por uma falha individual em contexto de fragilidade ou falta de políticas públicas elementares. Torna-se evidente a sobreposição de figuras de poder, representadas pelos profissionais do Direito, em relação à rede de atendimento, à criança, ao adolescente e à família. Assim, pouco se avançou para a concretização da reintegração familiar de crianças e adolescentes. As práticas institucionais demonstraram que o Plano Individual de Atendimento e a Audiência Concentrada necessitam de aprimoramento, o que implica em capacitação continuada de todos os atores do Sistema de Garantia de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente e, sobretudo, a alocação de recursos financeiros destinados à implantação das diversas políticas públicas, especialmente a política de assistência social no âmbito municipal. / The presented thesis seeks to analyze, based on concrete reality, the unfolding of the Individual Plan of Care and the Hearing Focused in the family reintegration process of children and adolescents under the restraining order Institutional Host. Such working instruments emerged in the Brazilian context from Law 12,010/2009 aiming the temporariness of this restraining order. At first, literature review and documentary searches were carried out involving the topic and, later, field research was carried out from the collection of semi-structured interviews conducted with five social workers and two psychologists who worked in the Juvenile Division of the Regional Court of Judiciary from São Paulo State, in places located in small and medium-sized municipaly. Children and adolescents are welcomed by institutions since the times of the Colonial Brazil until the present day, the poverty is the central factor to motivate such reception, while the family was (and remains) handled as unable to take care of satisfactorily their children. After the promulgation of national and international laws, that aim the rights to familiar and communitarian familiarity, little progress has been made in concrete state actions capable of asserting this fundamental human right. In the meantime, the Individual Plan of Care was born as the basic instrument of the family reintegration of children and adolescents in the shortest possible time, but it, by itself, does not promote significant changes in the lives of impoverished families. Children, adolescents and families participation has been emphasized during the construction of the Individual Plan of Care, in order to break with tutelary actions and, in this sense, to be closer to the reality of Portugal by means of insertion into the Doctoral Program Sandwich abroad, which lasted four months. The Hearing Focused, in theory, seeks to promote the assurance system for children and adolescents rights in the territory, in order to promote shared decision about family reintegration. The contributions of the instruments reviewed here point out that the family, represented by the figure of the woman/mother, continues to be judged and punished by individual failure in context of fragility or lack of public policies. The superimposition of figures of power becomes clear, represented by jurists, in relation to the service network, to children, adolescents and the family. So, little progress has been made in achieving the reunification of children and adolescents. Institutional practices have shown that the Individual Plan of Care and the Hearing Focused need improvement, which includes continuing to make improvements in all social actors in the system of guarantee children and adolescents rights and, in particular, the allocation of financial resources for the various public policies implementation, especially social assistance policy in the municipal scope. / La presente tesis busca analizar, a partir de la realidad concreta, el desarrollo del Plan Individual de Atención y de Audiencia Concentrada en el proceso de reintegro familiar de niños y adolescentes bajo la medida de protección de Acogimiento Institucional. Tales instrumentos de trabajo surgieron en el contexto brasileño a partir de la ley 12.010/2009 y tiene como finalidad la temporalidad acotada de tal medida de protección. Inicialmente, fue realizada una revisión bibliográfica y documental sobre la temática y, posteriormente, se llevó a cabo la investigación de campo a partir de la recolección de entrevistas semiestructuradas con cinco trabajadores sociales y dos psicólogas que trabajaban en el Fuero de Infancia y Juventud del Poder Judicial de São Paulo ubicado en municipios de pequeño y mediano tamaño. Niños y adolescentes son acogidos institucionalmente desde los tiempos del Brasil colonial hasta la actualidad, teniendo la pobreza como factor central en la motivación para tal acogimiento, mientras que la familia era (y sigue siendo) tratada como incapaz de atender el cuidado de sus hijos. Después de la promulgación de las legislaciones nacionales e internacionales que bregan por el derecho a la convivencia familiar y comunitaria, poco se avanzó en acciones estatales concretas capaces de hacer respetar este derecho humano fundamental. Mientras tanto, el Plan Individual de Atención surgió como instrumento básico promotor de la restitución familiar de niños y adolescentes en el menor tiempo posible. Sin embargo, por sí solo, no promueve cambios significativos en la vida de las familias pobres. La participación de niños, adolescentes y familias ha sido acentuada durante la construcción del Plan Individual de Atención, con el objetivo de romper con acciones tutelares. En este sentido, se buscó una aproximación a la realidad de Portugal por medio de inserción en el Programa de Doctorado Sándwich en el Exterior durante cuatro meses. La Audiencia Concentrada, en teoría, pretende promover el Sistema de Garantía de Derechos de Niños y Adolescentes en el territorio, con el fin de promover una decisión compartida sobre la reinserción familiar. Las contribuciones de los instrumentos analizados aquí señalan que la familia, representada por la figura de la mujer/madre, continúa siendo juzgada y castigada por una falla individual en contextos de fragilidad o falta de políticas públicas elementales. Se vuelve evidente la superposición de figuras de poder, representadas por los profesionales del Derecho, en relación con la red de servicios, a los niños, adolescentes y a la familia. Por lo tanto, poco se avanzó para concretar el reintegro familiar de niños y adolescentes. Las prácticas institucionales demostraron que el Plan Individual de Atención y la Audiencia Concentrada necesitan mejoras, lo que implica formación continua de todos los actores del Sistema de Garantía de Derechos de Niños y Adolescentes y, sobre todo, la asignación de recursos financieros para la ejecución de las diversas políticas públicas, especialmente la política de asistencia social en el ámbito municipal. / 88881.132927/2016-01

Orientador: Eliana Bolorino Canteiro Martins / Resumo: A dissertação objetiva analisar os motivos que interferem na medida protetiva de acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes para efetivar o princípio da provisoriedade preconizada no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) (BRASIL, 1990), fundamentado na Doutrina de Proteção Integral e reforçado em novos marcos jurídicos (Lei n. 12.010 de 2009 e Lei n. 13.509 de 2017) (BRASIL, 2009, 2017). Diante do contexto político-econômico-social e cultural da realidade brasileira, do acirramento das expressões da Questão Social, do retrocesso das Políticas Sociais pautadas no ideário neoliberal, a indagação que permeia à pesquisa está atrelada aos desafios para concretizar o princípio da provisoriedade do acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes, garantindo lhes a convivência familiar e comunitária, prioritariamente na sua família de origem. Definimos as categorias teóricas: abandono, invisibilidade da criança e do adolescente, acolhimento institucional, provisoriedade, convivência familiar, políticas sociais e o Sistema de Garantia de Direitos (SGD), como pilares da pesquisa desde a investigação até as análises interpretativas, tendo como perspectiva as categorias filosóficas do método crítico. A metodologia foi quantiqualitativa, a qual possibilitou a compreensão dos múltiplos fatores que incidem sobre a questão do acolhimento institucional em um município do interior paulista de grande porte, cenário da pesquisa. Os participantes da pesquisa foram os represent... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The dissertation aims to analyze the reasons that interfere in the protective measure of institutional reception of children and adolescents to effect the principle of provisionally advocated in the Statute of Children and Adolescents (ECA) (BRAZIL, 1990), based on the Doctrine of Integral Protection and reinforced in new legal frameworks (Law no 12,010 of 2009 and Law no 13,509 of 2017) (BRAZIL, 2009, 2017).Considering the political-economic-social and cultural context of the Brazilian reality, the intensification of the expressions of the Social Matter, the setback of Social Policies based on the neoliberal ideology, the question that permeates the research is linked to the challenges to concretize the principle of the provisional reception institutionalization of children and adolescents, ensuring family and community coexistence, primarily in their family. We defined the theoretical categories: abandonment, invisibility of children and adolescents, institutional reception, temporariness, family coexistence, social policies and the Rights Guarantee System (SGD), as pillars of research from research to interpretative analyses, having as perspective the philosophical categories of the critical method. The methodology was quantitative and qualitative, which made it possible to understand the multiple factors that affect the issue of institutional care in a large city in the interior of São Paulo, where the research took place. The participants in the research were the represe... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

[pt] Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os rebatimentos da pandemia de Covid-19 do novo coronavírus nas medidas de reintegração familiar de crianças e adolescentes acolhidos em unidades de acolhimento institucional do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Durante o período caracterizado como de pandemia foram aprovadas algumas medidas de incentivo à agilização do desligamento dos acolhidos por meio de recomendações e notas técnicas. Esta prática pode resultar em reintegrações malsucedidas, visto a realização de acompanhamento das crianças, dos adolescentes e de suas famílias de maneira virtual ou, quando presencial, com a frequência reduzida. Esta dissertação tem como foco uma discussão sobre a reintegração familiar em tempos de pandemia, considerando antigos e novos desafios. A metodologia de pesquisa incluiu um levantamento sistemático da produção acadêmica sobre acolhimento institucional, reintegração familiar e os rebatimentos da pandemia do novo coronavírus; entrevistas com técnicos de 4 instituições de acolhimento em 3 regiões do estado do Rio de Janeiro e consulta a uma pesquisadora/especialista no assunto. Conclui-se que a pandemia desvelou diversos desafios às instituições de acolhimento como um todo, modificando a rotina institucional e exigindo adaptações à nova realidade, tanto por parte dos técnicos como dos acolhidos. Contudo, estes desafios não foram os mesmos em todas as instituições pesquisadas e à medida de reintegração familiar na pandemia foram atribuídos significados distintos de acordo com as características da instituição e com a metodologia de trabalho da equipe técnica. / [en] This study aims to analyze the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on methods for the reintegration of families of children and adolescents in institutions in the state of Rio de Janeiro. During the period of the pandemic various methods for incentivizing the deinstitutionalization of the young people were approved by various recommendations and technical notes. This effort could result in unsuccessful reintegration given the reliance on virtual meetings or, if in person, with a reduced frequency. This dissertation focuses on family reintegration in the time of a pandemic considering old and new challenges. The methods include a systematic review of the academic literature about family unification and the consequences of the new Covid19 pandemic; interviews with staff in four residential institutions in three regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro and a consultation with a researcher/specialist in the area. I concluded that the pandemic created various challenges for the institutions such as changing the institutional routines and demanding adaptations to the new realities on the part of both the staff and young people. However, the challenges were not the same in all the institutions studied and ways of reintegrating families were quite different depending on the characteristics of individual institutions and on the methods of the staff.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:24:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1367262 bytes, checksum: df38ac1ec276895e160a8cc7bd4c2c31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present study addresses the family reintegration processes occurring in the host Units of the municipality of João Pessoa. The main objective of this work is to analyze the process of Family Reintegration of children and adolescents received at the institution, identifying aspects that contribute or hamper the right to effective family and community coexistence. Are used qualitative data obtained through interviews with children and adolescents s who were reinstated to the family context and to their families. The work stands out, at first, social protection, emphasizing the family as one of the main focuses of this protection. Discusses the support to children and adolescents in Brazil, with emphasis on the institutionalization and family reintegration approaches vis-à-vis the Social Assistance policy. From this political context, bibliographical and documental analysis and research data, the study focuses on the process of family reintegration of children and adolescents in situations of institutional reception and in challenges to guarantee the right to family and community life. The survey found advances and continuities in the context of institutional childcare. The families of the children and adolescents interviewed have their condition of social vulnerability, expressed through violence, and family conflict, chemical dependency, street, unsanitary conditions of housing, which resulted in the reception of children and adolescents. The process of reunification was experienced from the changes that have taken place in this context and the strengthening of the family and community ties. Social protection is a fundamental instrument for the guarantee of the right to family living. / O presente estudo aborda os processos de reintegração familiar ocorridos nas Unidades de Acolhimento do Município de João Pessoa. O objetivo principal desse trabalho é analisar o processo de Reintegração Familiar de crianças e adolescentes acolhidas na instituição, identificando os aspectos que contribuem ou dificultam para efetivação do direito a Convivência Familiar e Comunitária. São utilizados dados qualitativos obtidos através de entrevistas realizadas com crianças e adolescentes que foram reintegrados ao contexto familiar e aos seus familiares. O trabalho destaca, num primeiro momento, a proteção social, ressaltando a família como um dos principais focos dessa proteção. Discute-se ainda o atendimento à criança e ao adolescente, no Brasil, com destaque para a institucionalização e com abordagens sobre a reintegração familiar frente à política de Assistência Social. A partir dessa contextualização política, de análise documental e bibliográfica e dos dados da pesquisa, o estudo centra-se no processo de reintegração familiar das crianças e adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional e nos desafios à garantia do direito à convivência familiar e comunitária. A pesquisa revelou avanços e continuidades no contexto do acolhimento institucional. As famílias das crianças e adolescentes entrevistados têm sua condição de vulnerabilidade social, expressa através, da violência e conflito familiar, dependência química, situação de rua, condições insalubres de moradia, o que resultou no acolhimento das crianças e adolescentes. O processo de reintegração familiar foi vivenciado a partir das mudanças ocorridas nesse contexto e do fortalecimento dos vínculos familiares e comunitários. A proteção social é um instrumento fundamental para a garantia do direito à convivência familiar.

Drug abuse is a very common problem these days; and this problem is especially rampant among the young people of South Africa. Early problems in family management, the antisocial behaviour of the child, and peer pressure and rejection ignite the early onset of substance abuse. Treatment programmes and therapeutic methods to treat chemical dependency are available and utilised, but the high relapse rate and lack of support from family members and dysfunctional families, as well as the fears and challenges expressed by in-patient youth about being reintegrated with their families and a lack of supporting literature in this regard remain a cause for concern and need to be considered by the social work profession in order to plan effective intervention strategies. In response to this situation a research project was undertaken with the purpose of exploring and describing the perceptions, expectations, fears and needs of chemically dependent youth in a rehabilitation centre about being integrated into their family systems in an attempt to forward recommendations to assist social workers in rendering effective therapeutic services to service users in rehabilitation centres who have a substance abuse problem. A qualitative approach was utilised following an explorative, descriptive and contextual research design. The study was conducted at an in-patient rehabilitation centre called the Dr Fabian and Florence Ribeiro Treatment Centre in Cullinan, Gauteng Province in South Africa. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. A sample of participants was selected by using purposive sampling from a population of service users in the Dr Fabian and Florence Ribeiro Centre who are chemically dependent. Data were analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch (cited in Creswell, 2003). Guba‘s model (cited in Krefting, 1991) was employed for data verification. The research findings point to the fact that participants had both negative and positive perceptions about going back to their respective families. On the one hand, there were negative perceptions shared. These were founded on a feeling of worry about the fact that their families criticised them a lot or that their families would not accept that they had changed, would still treat them like addicts, and not trust them. Furthermore, they feared relapse, triggers in their environment and family members who were abusing a substance. On the other hand, some participants perceived the reintegration with their families, following treatment, in a positive light as they were looking forward to joining them again after being in v treatment for three months.They were excited about the fact that they had been granted an opportunity where they could show their families that they have changed and have the chance of starting a new life. Moreover, part of the research findings point to the fact that some of the participants‘ families had already organised employment, a place for them to stay and financial assistance. From the research findings it became clear that the participants harboured the following expectations towards the families with whom they were reuniting: They need the family‘s love and support; to trust them again: to mend severed relationships and spend quality time together; to provide practical and material help, and for the family to be educated on addiction and for the family to accompany them to aftercare. In terms of research findings directed at the site (i.e., the rehabilitation centre) where the research was conducted the participants indicated that they needed more activities, they would like their families to be part of their recovery process, and expressed the need for individual sessions apart from group sessions and aftercare services. In terms of recommendations it was apparent that community members, community organisations and the government sector need to develop and launch chemical substance abuse prevention and awareness programmes through various media, (i.e. articles in newspapers, magazines, talks and documentaries on radio and television, community gatherings and meetings in all communities). Moreover, it is recommended that parents should take responsibility for monitoring and countering substance abuse in their children. Families need to be empowered through talks, attending parenting skills training, workshops and group meetings. South Africa needs to develop a policy focusing on families. Furthermore, it is recommended that treatment centres need to provide individual sessions, family therapy, aftercare services and more extramural activities, if these are not included in their treatment regime. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Science)

Drug abuse is a very common problem these days; and this problem is especially rampant among the young people of South Africa. Early problems in family management, the antisocial behaviour of the child, and peer pressure and rejection ignite the early onset of substance abuse. Treatment programmes and therapeutic methods to treat chemical dependency are available and utilised, but the high relapse rate and lack of support from family members and dysfunctional families, as well as the fears and challenges expressed by in-patient youth about being reintegrated with their families and a lack of supporting literature in this regard remain a cause for concern and need to be considered by the social work profession in order to plan effective intervention strategies. In response to this situation a research project was undertaken with the purpose of exploring and describing the perceptions, expectations, fears and needs of chemically dependent youth in a rehabilitation centre about being integrated into their family systems in an attempt to forward recommendations to assist social workers in rendering effective therapeutic services to service users in rehabilitation centres who have a substance abuse problem. A qualitative approach was utilised following an explorative, descriptive and contextual research design. The study was conducted at an in-patient rehabilitation centre called the Dr Fabian and Florence Ribeiro Treatment Centre in Cullinan, Gauteng Province in South Africa. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. A sample of participants was selected by using purposive sampling from a population of service users in the Dr Fabian and Florence Ribeiro Centre who are chemically dependent. Data were analysed according to the framework provided by Tesch (cited in Creswell, 2003). Guba‘s model (cited in Krefting, 1991) was employed for data verification. The research findings point to the fact that participants had both negative and positive perceptions about going back to their respective families. On the one hand, there were negative perceptions shared. These were founded on a feeling of worry about the fact that their families criticised them a lot or that their families would not accept that they had changed, would still treat them like addicts, and not trust them. Furthermore, they feared relapse, triggers in their environment and family members who were abusing a substance. On the other hand, some participants perceived the reintegration with their families, following treatment, in a positive light as they were looking forward to joining them again after being in v treatment for three months.They were excited about the fact that they had been granted an opportunity where they could show their families that they have changed and have the chance of starting a new life. Moreover, part of the research findings point to the fact that some of the participants‘ families had already organised employment, a place for them to stay and financial assistance. From the research findings it became clear that the participants harboured the following expectations towards the families with whom they were reuniting: They need the family‘s love and support; to trust them again: to mend severed relationships and spend quality time together; to provide practical and material help, and for the family to be educated on addiction and for the family to accompany them to aftercare. In terms of research findings directed at the site (i.e., the rehabilitation centre) where the research was conducted the participants indicated that they needed more activities, they would like their families to be part of their recovery process, and expressed the need for individual sessions apart from group sessions and aftercare services. In terms of recommendations it was apparent that community members, community organisations and the government sector need to develop and launch chemical substance abuse prevention and awareness programmes through various media, (i.e. articles in newspapers, magazines, talks and documentaries on radio and television, community gatherings and meetings in all communities). Moreover, it is recommended that parents should take responsibility for monitoring and countering substance abuse in their children. Families need to be empowered through talks, attending parenting skills training, workshops and group meetings. South Africa needs to develop a policy focusing on families. Furthermore, it is recommended that treatment centres need to provide individual sessions, family therapy, aftercare services and more extramural activities, if these are not included in their treatment regime. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Science)