This qualitative study drew from Thematic Analysis, inspired by Grounded Theory, to explore how counselling students completing their internship manage their feelings of incompetence. Four master’s level counselling students from three different masters counselling programs in Ontario, Canada were interviewed using a semi-structure interview protocol to gain an in-depth understanding of how they experienced and managed FOI during their internship. Twenty-nine subthemes emerged, which were further categorized into four over arching main themes: (1) experience of FOI, which included eight subthemes; (2) effects of FOI, which included eight subthemes; (3) management of FOI, which included six subthemes; and (4) seeking supports for FOI, which included eight subthemes. The FOI that counsellors-in-training experience can directly impact their clients and the implications of this study related to counselling pedagogy and supervision are discussed.

Introduktion: Det finns många fördelar med amning både för barnet och mammansamt att bröstmjölken är färdig i en behändig förpackning och innehåller allanäringsämnen som barnet behöver. Trots detta har en minskning av amningsfrekvensensetts de senaste åren. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva mammors upplevelser avamningsstöd efter födsel och hur det påverkar amningen. Metod: En systematisklitteraturstudie grundad på 15 artiklar som söktes fram genom databaserna CINAHL,PubMed och PsykInfo. Urvalet genomfördes med hjälp av Polit & Becks niostegsflödesschema och dataanalysen genomfördes enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligtLundman och Hällgren-Granheim. Resultat: Två huvudkategorier identifierades: Stödvid amning och hindrande faktorer som påverkade amningen. Slutsats: Stöd från bådeanhöriga och sjukvårdspersonal spelade en stor roll när mamman skulle börja, fortsättaeller sluta amma. Information om både fördelar och nackdelar med amning önskadesav mammorna för att de skulle kunna förbereda sig och lättare kunna bemästra deutmaningar som kunde uppstå.

Background: One in ten couples suffers from some form of involuntary childlessness or infertility in Sweden. Involuntary childlessness or infertility is when an individual or a couple has a desire for a child but are unable to conceive on their own. To suffer from involuntary childlessness can be a mental strain that can result in a personal crisis, where the existential issues become central and contested. Regardless of the reason for their changed life world is because of involuntary childlessness or infertility, it is always important for the nurse to have an understanding of individual’s life-changing world and experiences.  Aim: The aim of the study was to describe men and women experiences of involuntary childlessness during investigation and treatment. Method: Selected method was a literature review. The study was based on articles from systematic and unsystematic searches in databases and analyzed from the chosen method. Results: Four main themes emerged from the analysis, 'The changing life-world', 'The mental strain', 'Perceptions of relationships and social life' and 'experiences related to treatment'. Conclusion: Being involuntarily childless and infertile create a mental, physical and social stress. Clinically, this means a responsibility to offer a personalized support. For the nurse it is important to have an understanding of individual life-world and how the involuntary childlessness affects them.

Bakgrund: Klamydia är den vanligaste sexuellt överförbara sjukdomen i Sverige och i andra europeiska länder. I dagens samhälle finns det många förändringar i attityder och beteenden som leder till sexuellt risktagande. Klamydia är en väldigt förrädisk sjukdom på grund av dess många gånger asymtomatiska natur. På grund av det faktum att många individer är omedvetna om infektionen kan den orsaka mycket skada. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att få en inblick i hur kvinnor och män upplever en klamydiainfektion Metod: En litteraturbaserad studie med kvalitativ ansats. Resultat: Många negativa känslor avslöjades i samband med att få beskedet om infektionen. Exempel på några vanliga känslor är stigmatisering, smutsighetskänsla och förtvivlan. Män och kvinnor reagerade olika på beskedet. Oro för infertilitet och hur partnern skulle reagera vid avslöjandet var något som framkom. Många individer upplevde sig illa behandlade av vårdpersonal när de uppsökte vården. Konklusion: Infektionen utlöser negativa känslor och utmanar självbilden av att vara en skötsam person. Det är stor oro för komplikationer och att bli dömda av andra. Bemötandet i vården är något som kan påverka hur individen upplever sin infektion. / Background: Chlamydia is the most common STD in Sweden and other European countries. There are a lot of changes in attitudes and behaviors in the society today which leads to risky sexual activities. Chlamydia is a very traitorous disease because of its very often asymptomatic nature. The fact that a lot of people are unaware of the infection, it can cause lots of damage. Aim: The aim of this study was to get an insight in women and men`s experiences of having Chlamydia. Method: A literature review with a qualitative approach. Result: A lot of negative emotions were elicited in connection with the notification of the disease. Common feelings such as stigma, contamination and despair are a few examples. Men and women reacted differently to the notification. Concerns about infertility and how the partner would react when notified was something that emerged. A lot of people experienced bad encounters with the nursing staff when they sought care. Conclusion: The infection triggers negative feelings and challenge the self image of being a proper person. There is a great concern due to complications and becoming judged by others. The care encounters is something that can affect how persons experience its infection.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis in women. Treatments of breast cancer are constantly developing which leads to a high rate of surviving women. Being affected of breast cancer can result in many intense feelings and a changed body. Most of the women who get affected by breast cancer are treated with surgical treatment. One operation that is used is mastectomy, an surgical operation where one or both breasts are being removed. This may lead to several feelings, changed body image and the women have to adapt to their new body. Aim: The aim of the overview was to explore women's experiences, thoughts and emotions after a mastectomy, due to breast cancer. Method: A literature overview study based on seven qualitative and three quantitative studies. Results: In the result four themes emerged, The body betrays and is no longer complete, You are not the same person anymore, Femininity and sexuality are lost and The social limitations. Conclusion: One of the main findings shown in the result was how the mastectomy changed the women's body image. It seemed to be difficult to accept the changed body, which became a constant reminder of the disease. The women no longer recognized themselves and therefore had a hard time when it came to show themselves in front of people in the surroundings. The women also felt limitations in social situations and the body became an obstacle; they did not feel comfortable, isolated themselves and avoided everyday activities. This is important to acknowledge as a nurse and be able to give adequate support in both short term and long term.

Background: About 250 000 children develops cancer every year. Most of them has a parent and a family who also is getting affected. During this time the parents go through a crisis and the nurse had a central role to help them through the hard time. Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate parent´s experiences of living with a child with a cancer diagnose during the illness. Method: A literature -based study, qualitative content analysis of 14 qualitative articles. Result: The results are presented in three main themes: "The emotional roller coaster", "The balance of the uncertain" and "The swinging of the support". Conclusion: The parents experienced a lot of feelings during the child's illness and they changed their view of life. A fear of the unknown and a feeling of losing the sense of normality were expressed by the parents. A shuttle between security and disappointment appeared during the entire duration of the illness. Therefore it was important for the parents to get continuous information, opportunities for participation and support from someone they could rely on to feel safe.

abstract: ABSTRACT What does it mean to feel an emotion? The nature of emotional experience has often been described in terms overall conscious experience, termed affect. However, even within affective research there are multiple contradicting theories about the nature and structure of affect. I propose that these contradictions are due to methodological issues in the empirical research examining these underlying dimensions. Furthermore, I propose that subjective emotional experience should be examined separately from overall affect. The current study attempts to address past methodological issues by focusing solely on emotional experiences, developing a comprehensive list of emotion items, and including a broad range of emotional experiences. In Study 1, participants were asked to recall an emotional experience and then report their experience of 76 different emotions during that experience. A factor analysis of the emotion ratings revealed a 5-factor categorical structure with categories of Joy, Anger, Sadness, Fear, and Shame/Jealousy. In Study 2, the 76 emotion words from Study 1 were compared in a semantic space derived from a large collection of text samples in an attempt to compare to the results of Study 1. A semantic space derived from a broad range of texts would reflect relationships of emotional concepts. Study 2 revealed a 1-factor structure, drastically different from the structure in Study 1. The implications from Study 2, however, are limited because of the limited range of literature that was used to create the semantic space in which the words were compared. Overall, the results from these studies suggest that subjective emotional experience should be treated as categorical. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2014

This thesis examines the changing nature of women's pregnancy experiences as progression through the various stages of pregnancy occurs. Ten women are followed through their pregnancies, in order to capture their diverse and dynamic psycho-social experiences. The aim of the research is to highlight the significance of certain psycho-social issues related to the pregnancy experience (both positive and negative) which have been raised by the women themselves during the course of their pregnancies. The analysis has been carried out using the women's own descriptions. The main psycho-social issues that have been analysed are considered under the rubric of the dynamic self, in the form of: identification with the pregnancy; the assessment of risk during pregnancy; and finally, images of the self and baby during pregnancy. The thesis focuses in-depth on the dynamism and complexity of women's feelings during pregnancy. In particular, it looks at the concept of being obstetrically 'at risk' by analysing women's contradictory and changing accounts of their feelings and concerns. The research also contributes to the understandings of the identities and preoccupations of pregnant women. The design of the study is longitudinal and biographic. The women kept personal documents in the form of diaries during their pregnancies, and also participated in four unstructured in-depth interviews (three taking place during pregnancy, the fourth taking place after birth). The methodological approach taken is based on a feminist research perspective, which emphasises the value of qualitative methods of investigation. The thesis explores the role of the researcher by examining the location of the researcher in relation to both the participants and the research area. The individual experiential accounts of pregnancy provided by the women are explored in detail using a feminist interpretative style of analysis (Stanley and Wise, 1993).

The purpose of this study was to examine Mississippi?s Career and Technology School Administrators? attitudes and perceptions toward technology integration and to determine their knowledge and use of the NETS∙A. The study contributed to the literature on technology integration and the NETS∙A in the secondary classroom. The research design for this study was descriptive and correlational. A pilot study was conducted prior to the commencement of the research study in which no problems were identified. Out of a population of 144 Mississippi Career and Technology School Administrators, 102 participated in the study. A survey instrument consisting of three parts was used in this study. Part I of the instrument was designed to collect demographic data and to determine administrators? training and experience with technology. Part II was the "Survey of Administrative Attitudes and Perceptions toward Technology Integration", and Part III was the "Administrator Technology Self-Assessment Tool". The research questions posed in the study were developed to examine Mississippi Career and Technology School Administrators? attitudes and perceptions toward technology integration and to determine their knowledge and use of the NETS∙A. The study was further designed to determine whether relationships existed between the variable attitude and perceptions and the variables knowledge and use, demographic characteristics, and experience and training with technology integration. Pearson r, Spearman rs, and Point-biserial rpb were used to analyze the data of the returned surveys. After the data were collected and analyzed, the researcher determined that there was a statistically significant correlation between Mississippi Career and Technology School Administrators? attitudes and perceptions of technology integration and the variable knowledge and use of the NETS∙A and the variable experience and training with technology integration. There was no statistically significant correlation between Mississippi?s Career and Technology School Administrators? attitudes and perceptions of technology integration and the variables age, sex, and years experience as an administrator. Conclusions and recommendations based on the findings in this study indicated that Mississippi Career and Technology School Administrators should be required to increase their experience and training with technology integration. School administrators should also broaden their knowledge and increase their use of the NETS∙A.

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