La présente étude vise à décrire les représentations sociales que des jeunes francophones en santé au Nouveau-Brunswick ont à l’égard du diabète. Cette étude découle d’un partenariat, initié entre l’Université de Moncton et divers organismes et collèges communautaires du Nouveau-Brunswick, qui ont identifié l’importance d’intervenir auprès des jeunes francophones en milieu scolaire pour prévenir le diabète. La théorie des représentations sociales est le cadre théorique utilisé pour décrire la vision que les jeunes ont du diabète, de son origine et des facteurs associés à sa prévention. À notre connaissance, cette étude est la première à examiner le concept du diabète chez des adolescents non atteints de diabète. Hypothèse principale: étant donné que l’expérience que les adolescents ont du diabète est limitée à leur environnement social et qu’ils ont de la difficulté à définir les concepts de santé et de maladie, ils ne seront pas capables de décrire le diabète en profondeur. Pour ce faire, des groupes de discussion, incluant une technique d’association libre, ont été réalisés, entre novembre et décembre 2005, auprès d’adolescents de 5e, 8e et 10e année recrutés dans quatre écoles francophones du Nouveau-Brunswick (Districts 1 et 11). Les réponses des élèves aux groupes de discussion et à l’association libre ont été classées dans des catégories et sous-catégories (analyse de contenu), et des tests de Khi-deux et de «Fisher» ont permis de déterminer les différences entre les sexes et les niveaux scolaires. Cent-trente adolescents (70 filles et 60 garçons) de 5e (n=44), 8e (n=46) et 10e année (n=40) ont participé à 19 groupes de discussion. Lors de l’activité d’association libre, les catégories les plus fréquemment mentionnées étaient : sucre (cité par 66% des participants), traitement (48%), nature du diabète (45%), nutrition (41%), sang (38%), complications (18%), manifestations physiologiques (11%), obésité (6%) et activité physique (6%). Aucune différence significative n’a été observée entre les sexes mais les élèves de 10e année ont cité plus fréquemment les catégories «traitement», «sang» et «obésité». Lors des groupes de discussion, les adolescents ont décrit le diabète comme une maladie (13/19 groupes) reliée au sucre (15/19 groupes) et au sang (13/19 groupes). Cependant, seulement quelques groupes ont discuté en profondeur de la nature du diabète (ex.: rôle de l’insuline et pancréas), des types de diabète (types 1 et 2) et des symptômes et des complications. Ils ont aussi cité ce que les gens atteints de diabète devaient faire pour traiter leur diabète (ex.: manger bien: 18 groupes; se piquer: 17 groupes; prendre des pilules: 5 groupes; et faire de l’activité physique: 5 groupes), mais ils n’ont pas discuté des stratégies à entreprendre pour y arriver. Les représentations de l’origine du diabète incluaient l’hérédité et l’âge (13/19 groupes), l’obésité et l’alimentation (12/19 groupes) et l’activité physique (13/19 groupes). Dans la moitié des groupes, les adolescents ont mentionné se sentir à risque de diabète; les filles plus que les garçons. Treize groupes ont fait référence aux comportements observés chez des diabétiques connus, ce qui démontre l’importance de l’environnement social sur les représentations. Les résultats de cette étude appuient l’hypothèse que les adolescents sont limités dans leur description du diabète en matière de définitions, origines et prévention du diabète. Ces résultats fournissent des pistes de réflexion aux professionnels de la santé pour identifier le contenu et les stratégies que devraient contenir les programmes éducatifs en matière de prévention du diabète chez les jeunes. / The purpose of this study is to describe healthy francophone adolescents’ social representations of diabetes. This study stems from a partnership, initiated between the University of Moncton and various college and community organizations in New Brunswick, which identified the importance of intervening among young francophone students to prevent diabetes. The theory of social representations is the conceptual framework used to describe adolescents’ vision about diabetes, its origin and factors associated with its prevention. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the concept of diabetes among adolescents without diabetes. Principal hypothesis: given that the experience adolescents have with diabetes is limited to their social environment and given that they have difficulty in defining the concepts of health and disease, they will not be able to describe diabetes in an in depth fashion. Focus groups, which included an activity using the Free Association technique, were conducted, between November and December 2005, with adolescents in grade 5, 8 and 10, recruited in four francophone schools in New Brunswick (Districts 1 and 11). Students’ responses, obtained during the focus groups and the Free Association activity, were classified into categories and sub-categories (content analysis); Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests were used to determine differences between sex and grade levels. One hundred and thirty adolescents (70 girls and 60 boys) in grade 5 (n=44), 8 (n=46) and 10 (n=40) participated in 19 focus group discussions. During the Free Association activity, the categories most frequently mentioned were: sugar (cited by 66% of participants), treatment (48%), nature of diabetes (45%), nutrition (41%), blood (38%), complications (18%), physiological manifestations (11%), obesity (6%), and physical activity (6%). No significant differences were observed between boys and girls but students in grade 10 were more likely to cite the categories of ‘treatment’, ‘blood’ and ‘obesity’. During the focus group discussions, adolescents described diabetes as a disease (13/19 groups) related to sugar (15/19 groups) and blood (13/19 groups). However, only a few groups discussed, in detail, the nature of diabetes (e.g.: role of insulin and pancreas), the types of diabetes (type 1 and 2), and the symptoms and complications of diabetes. They also cited what individuals with diabetes should do to treat their disease (e.g.: eat well: 18 groups; have injections: 17 groups; take pills: 5 groups; and be physically active: 5 groups), but they did not discuss the strategies to manage these behaviours. Representations of diabetes related to the origin of the disease included heredity and age (13/19 groups), obesity and nutrition (12/19 groups) and physical activity (13/19 groups). In half of the groups, adolescents mentioned feeling at risk for diabetes; girls more likely than boys. Thirteen groups referred to behaviours which they had observed among diabetics they knew, demonstrating the importance of the social environment in their representations. The results of this study support the hypothesis that adolescents are limited in their description of diabetes with respect to its definition, origins and prevention. These results provide direction for health professionals in identifying the content and strategies that should be included in diabetes prevention programs for youth.

With a projected increase in electricity demand and low-carbon energy generation in the UK, expansion of the existing transmission grid network is required. In going beyond the NIMBY concept, Devine-Wright (2009) posited a place-based approach that highlights the roles of place attachment and place-related symbolic meanings for understanding public responses to energy infrastructure proposals. This PhD research investigated two overarching and interrelated research aims. The first sought to enlarge our understandings of the processes of attachment and detachment to the residence place by investigating the dynamics of varieties of people-place relations across the life course (people's 'life-place trajectories'), thus addressing the limitation of studies adopting a 'structural' approach to the study of people-place relations. This research, in a second instance, sought to better understand the role of people's life-place trajectories and a range of project-based factors (i.e. procedural and distributive justice) in shaping people's responses to a power line proposal. This research focussed on the Hinckley Point C (HPC) transmission line proposal and residents of the town of Nailsea, South-West England. A social representations theory framework was usefully applied to this research by acknowledging that people's personal place relations and their beliefs about proposed place change, are situated and embedded within wider social representations of place and project. A mixed methods approach was employed comprising three empirical studies. The first consisted of twenty-five narrative interviews, the second a set of five focus group interviews, and the third a questionnaire survey study (n=264) amongst a representative sample of Nailsea residents. Triangulating findings across the three studies produced a novel set of key findings. By elaborating five novel 'life-place trajectories', this PhD research moved beyond structural approaches to the study of people-place relations and made a novel contribution to our understandings of the processes and dynamics of attachment and detachment to the residence place across the life course. This research further confirmed the existing typology of people-place relations and revealed a novel variety termed 'Traditional-active attachment'. Life-place trajectories were instrumental in informing divergent representations of the nearby countryside which were more or less congruent with objectified representations of the HPC project. Future studies investigating place and project meanings should be sensitive to these trajectories. Interestingly, place as a 'centre of meaning' rather than a 'locus of attachment' (or non-attachment) emerged as particularly salient for understanding responses to the project. Project-based factors were salient in informing participants' responses toward the project. A perceived imbalance between high local costs and an absence of local benefits was seen to result in distributive injustice and opposition toward the project. However, improved perceived procedural justice following National Grid's announcement of siting concessions in the spring of 2013, was seen to ameliorate local trust in the developer and project acceptance.

The aim of the thesis is based on the existing approaches to the assessment of the difficulty of the task of teaching with a focus on ICT and computer science to design a methodology for determining the difficulty of the task and verify it on the model examples for elementary schools. The methodology will be to respond to the theoretical background, which are based, in particular, of the parameters, forms, functions, and the specifics of teaching jobs. Other theoretical basis for the analysis of the teaching jobs are from the known taxonomies, Focus group research method and statistical data processing. The empirical part qualitative research including the multi-round testing pupils Elementary school and the analysis of the data obtained.

This diploma thesis is focused on the phenomenon of understanding landscape among geographers in continuity with didactic purposes. The aim of this thesis is being reached by using a qualitative research methodology. The thesis builds on the initial investigation, focused on the question to which extend do pupils of grade 7th - 9th (upper primary school) are able to use their classroom knowledge on landscape in the field to understand/read concrete environment. In search for a geographical attitude while reading the landscape, four groups (two groups of geography graduates, geography teachers and a control group) were asked to find and come up with a solution in summing up the best way to perceive and read landscape. Diploma thesis consists of four parts. The first one presents definition of landscape and theoretical base to empirical research. The second one is description of my own field program and discussion of its aim and results. The third one describes qualitative research project including suitable methodology along with the description of the respondent choice, the structure of the questioning as well as the way of data collection and data analysis. The last one is focused on analyzing, comparing and summing up the results. Data have been worked up in qualitative analyzing software MAXQDA...

Aim of this thesis is to map how they can live on their own media carrier marketing strategy and media promotions. Through case study - Prima Cool TV - I dissert on the monitoring of its anchorage in the media environment through their own television channel, but also the cooperating contact channels created by the proprietor of the station. The thesis presents couple of theoretical insights from marketing and media strategy, particularly in the application for the media. It analyzes in detail the concept of strategy and position in the marketing, various forms of strategy - thinking and management. It elaborates forms of strategic management, monitors media strategy, as a form of marketing and the usefulness of the media (media providers) in their own media in particular. To obtain an objective view on the subject work brings several known methods. Expert theories are confronted with (by) the Prima Cool TV case study. In this tracked subject the thesis analyzes the usefulness of its own media space for marketing and media strategies. The analysis subject is the TV audience, program structure, communication with recipients and fostering awareness of the TV station in the Czech media market. Above all it confronts theoretical knowledge to specific steps of FTV Prima, in the frame of examined issue....

Syftet med studien var att öka kunskapen kring hur förskollärare tolkar och resonerar kring fysisk aktivitet i relation till begreppet undervisning i den reviderade läroplanen Lpfö 18. I vår undersökning valde vi fokusgruppsintervjuer som kvalitativ intervjumetod. Fyra förskolor och totalt 16 förskollärare intervjuades och resultatet ställdes mot relevant litteratur samt tidigare forskning. I studien används ramfaktorteorin som teoretiskt ramverk för att upptäcka samband mellan rörelseglädje och ramfaktorteori. Resultatet visar att möjligheten till undervisning av fysiska aktiviteter i förskolan påverkas utifrån konstitutionella, organisatoriska och fysiska ramar. Undersökningens slutsats är att förskollärare alltid arbetat med undervisning i relation till rörelseglädje i förskolan men att det krävs tid, planering och engagemang till bearbetning av läroplan för att målstyrda lärprocesser ska kunna genomföras och uppnås. / The purpose of the study was to increase the knowledge about how preschool teachers ideas about physical activity in relation to the concept teaching in the new curriculum Lpfö 18. The study was a qualitative study and the data was collected in form of focus group interviews. Four preschools and total 16 preschool teachers were interviewed (four groups). Framework factor theory was used as a theoretical framework. The result shows that the possibility of teaching physical activities in preschool are influenced by constitutional, organizational and physical frameworks. The study's conclusion is that preschool teachers have always worked with teaching in relation to physical activity in preschool, but that it requires time, planning and commitment to the processing of the curriculum in order to be able to implement and achieve goal-oriented learning processes.

Denna studie har som syfte att undersöka musiklärares syn på arbete för inkludering och ökad mångfald i kulturskolan. Studiens forskningsfråga handlar om hur musiklärare konstruerar och legitimerar sin syn på arbete för inkludering och ökad mångfald i kulturskolan. För att undersöka detta har tre fokusgruppsintervjuer genomförts på tre olika kulturskolor. Studiens teoretiska ramverk består av diskursteori och den data som genererats ur fokusgruppintervjuerna har bearbetats och analyserats med hjälp av diskursanalytiska redskap. I resultatet presenteras sex diskurser utifrån lärarnas konstruktioner om synsätt på arbete för inkludering och ökad mångfald i kulturskolan. Dessa handlar om att arbetet för inkludering och ökad mångfald ses som givet, som motsägelsefullt, som socialt utvecklande, som extern verksamhet, som svårt och som gemensamt ansvar. Resultatet presenterar även föräldrar och skola som två kontextuella påverkansfaktorer som på olika sätt påverkar diskurserna. I diskussionen behandlas två mer övergripande motstridiga diskurser om arbete för inkludering och ökad mångfald som självklart respektive icke självklart, i relation till tidigare presenterad litteratur. / The purpose of this study is to examine music teachers’ views on the work for inclusion and increased diversity in Swedish Community School of Music. The study’s research question concern how music teachers’ construct and legitimate their views on the work for inclusion and increased diversity in Swedish Community School of Music. To examine this three focus group interviews were held at three different schools. The theoretical framework of the study is discourse theory and the data generated from the focus group interviews has been processed and analyzed with discourse analytical tools. In the result the six discourses found are presented based on the teachers’ constructions about the work for inclusion and increased diver- sity in Swedish Community School of Music. These discourses is about how the work for inclusion and increased diversity is seen as given, as contradictive, as social developing, as ex- ternal activity, as difficult and as mutual responsibility. The result also shows parents and school as two contextual factors which affects the discourses in different ways. In the discussion two more general contrarious discourses, about the work for inclusion and increased diversity as obvious and non-obvious, are discussed in relation to previous presented literature.

Syftet med studien är undersöka hur såväl lärare som elever på gymnasieskolans estetiska pro- gram och på musikhögskola ser på begreppen konstnärligt, musikaliskt och personligt uttryck. Tidigare forskning på området visar att det inte finns någon entydig definition av begreppen. Studien har genomförts genom fokusgruppsamtal med lärare från en gymnasieskola, lärare från en musikhögskola, elever från en gymnasieskola och studenter från en musikhögskola. I ana- lysen av intervjuerna har ett diskurspsykologiskt perspektiv använts. I resultatet presenteras två övergripande tolkningsrepertoarer per begrepp. Det framkommer att musikaliskt uttryck kon- strueras som speltekniskt kunnande och som musikens uttryck. Konstnärligt uttryck konstrueras som skapande samt som fördjupning och spetskunskaper. Personligt uttryck konstrueras som eget och något unikt samt som musikalisk tolkning. Resultatet visar att det inte finns ett sätt att definiera begreppen utan flera. I diskussionen diskuteras svårigheter med att definiera begrep- pen då dessa anses gå ihop med varandra och att kontexten och erfarenheten av att använda dem har betydelse för hur de kan definieras. Vidare diskuteras även begreppen i relation till Skolverkets kursplaner. / The purpose of the study is to investigate how teachers as well as pupils at the upper secondary school's aesthetic program and at the music college approach the concepts of artistic, musical and personal expression. Previous research in the field shows that there is no clear definition of the concepts. The study was conducted through focus group interviews with teachers from a secondary school, teachers from a music college, students from a high school and students from a music college. In the analysis of the interviews, a discourse psychological perspective has been used. The result presents two general interpretation repertoires per concept. It appears that musical expression is constructed as technical knowledge and as the expression of music. Ar- tistic expression is constructed as creation as well as profound and expert knowledge. Personal expression is constructed as peculiar and something unique and as a musical interpretation. The result shows that there are different ways to define the concepts. The discussion discusses dif- ficulties in defining the concept though the concepts are considered to overlap with each other and that the context and experience of using the concepts are important for how the concepts can be defined. The concepts are also discussed in relation to Skolverkets curriculum.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:04:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 18 / Nenhuma / A busca das empresas pela ampliação e consolidação de mercado consumidor impulsiona a adoção de diferentes estratégias competitivas. Adotar canais de revendedores é uma prática de gestão de negócios que pode favorecer o sucesso de uma corporação, especialmente por ampliar sua abrangência de atuação. Ao mesmo tempo em que adotar a estratégia de revendedores pode auxiliar a empresa a consolidar seu espaço no mercado consumidor, pode também acarretar em diferentes dificuldades. Revendedores autorizados, mesmo sendo representantes de uma marca, são constituídos por empresas jurídicas diferentes da empresa de origem, podendo atuar de forma diferente do que prevêem as políticas originais e produzir resultados negativos na sua forma de atendimento a determinados mercados. Se alguma revenda realizar uma atuação ineficaz ou ineficiente, o prejuízo não será apenas da revenda autorizada, mas também da empresa dona da marca, uma vez que o consumidor final possivelmente não diferencia a ineficiência da revenda da ineficiê / Resale channels are a competitive strategy that companies use to improve and consolidate their consumer market. Adopting resale channels is a practice of business management that can improve the success of a corporation, especially because it enlarges its range of acting. At the same time, adopting resale channels can cause different trouble to the corporation. Authorized resale, even being representative of a trade mark, is appointed by legal enterprises other than the corporation of origin. This fact allows the resale channel to act in a different way from what the original politics predicts and produces negative results in its service for certain markets. If someone resells to carry out an ineffective or inefficient acting, the damage will not be only for the authorized resale, but also for the corporation that owns the mark, as the final consumer possibly does not differentiate the inefficiency of the resale from the inefficiency of the mark or product what the resale represents. Identifying elements that

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:14:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 30 / Nenhuma / Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre os investimentos ambientais e o desempenho econômico das empresas. Para tanto, foram construídos arquétipos a partir de um grupo de foco, visando a definir as variáveis utilizadas nos modelos de regressão múltipla testados. Desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa aplicada, com abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, documental e descritiva, contando com uma amostra de 353 empresas, compreendendo as informações contidas nos balanços sociais modelo IBASE, publicados no período de 1996 a 2007. No tratamento dos dados, aplicou-se um modelo econométrico cujos resultados indicam que os Investimentos Ambientais Internos (IAI) e os Investimentos Ambientais Externos (IAE) impactam, de modo significante, tanto a Receita Líquida (RL) das empresas quanto o Resultado Operacional (RO), sendo o único setor significativo o de petróleo e gás. Ao serem relacionadas às variáveis definidas pelo grupo de foco com a RL, constata-se que os IAI não apresentam correlação. Esta somente ocorre / This study investigates the relationship between environmental investment and economic performance of firms that published in the social balance through the Brazilian Institute of Social and Economic Analysis (IBASE) in the period between 1996 to 2007. Using archetypes built from a focus group through system dynamics, there was defined the variables used on the regression analyses with panel data. The results indicate that the Internal Environmental Investments (IEI) and the External Environmental Investments (EEI) impact significantly the Liquid Revenue (LR) of the firms and the Operational Result (OR). When the variables defined by the focus group were related to the LR there is no co-relation among the IEI. However, the EEI are highly co-related and the variables Investment on Immobilized and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) also present a positive co-relation with LR. On the use of rates to observe that both IEI and Investment on Immobilized present a negative co-relation with LR, while EEI and GDP present a