Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-83).

This thesis details the development of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) techniques to simulate assembly and functional performance of football boots within a virtual environment. With a highly competitive market and seasonal changes in boot design common, the current design process can require numerous iterations, each adding time and cost to the development cycle. Using a reliable model allows evaluation of novel design concepts without the necessity to manufacture physical prototypes, and thus has potential financial benefits as well as reducing development time. A modelling approach was developed to construct a three dimensional boot model using FEA techniques, simulating the assembly of representative boot constituent parts based on manufacturing patterns, geometries and materials. Comparison between the modelled and physical boots demonstrated good agreement. Assessment of physical boot manufacture enabled the validation of the simulated assembly techniques, with digital image correlation hardware and software used to provide experimental measurements of the surface deformation. Good agreement was reported, demonstrating the predictive capabilities of FEA. Extensive review of literature provided applicable loading conditions of the boot during game play, with bending and torsional stiffness identified as important parameters. Boundary conditions associated with the foot during these movements provided a platform from which mechanical tests were used and developed to quantify boot function. Modelling techniques were developed and applied to the assembled FEA boot model, simulating the loading conditions to verify the validity when compared with experimental measurements. Bending and torsional stiffness extracted from the model were compared with the physical equivalent, demonstrating good predictive capabilities. The model was able to represent bending stiffness of the physical equivalent within 5.6% of an accepted boot range up to 20°, with torsional stiffness represented within the accepted range between 10° inversion to 7.5° eversion, corresponding to a large proportion of match play. Two case studies proved the applicability of the FEA techniques to simulate assembly and determine mechanical functionality virtually through a combination of automated modelling methods and a bespoke framework, demonstrating how it could be implemented within the industrial design process.

Background: Clothing and protective gear worn during intermittent exercise has shown to increase physiological and perceptual responses, and negatively impact performance capacities, due to increased heat strain, suggested to hasten the onset of fatigue. However, the mechanisms of fatigue experienced in rugby remain unclear. Objectives: The aim of this study was establish whether clothing and protective gear worn during a simulated rugby protocol impacts players‘ biophysical, physiological, perceptual and performance responses. Methods: 15 registered university and school first XV rugby players with a mean (± SD) age of 20.9 years (± 1.9) volunteered to participate in the study. Testing was performed in a controlled laboratory setting, with temperatures having to be within the range of 16º C-22º C. The mean (± SD) ambient temperature was 17.6º C (± 1.6) for the control condition and 17.3º C (1.5) for the experimental condition. The mean (± SD) relative humidity was 65.2 % (± 9.5) for the control condition and 66.3 % (± 10.0) for the experimental condition. Player‘s performed two protocols of 80-minutes; a control condition (minimal clothing and protective gear) and an experimental condition (full clothing and protective gear). Physiological, perceptual and performance responses were measured at set intervals during the protocol, while biophysical responses were measured pre-, at half-time and post-protocol during a 3-minute EMG treadmill protocol. Results: Muscle activity significantly (p< 0.05) increased with increasing running speeds. There were no significant (p> 0.05) differences for muscle activity between conditions, except for the semitendinosus muscle, which was significantly (p< 0.05) higher during the control condition while running at high speeds. Players‘ heart rates, core temperatures and perceptual responses were significantly (p< 0.05) higher during the experimental condition, compared to the control condition. Performance responses were significantly (p< 0.05) lower during the experimental condition. Conclusion: The main driver of physiological and perceptual responses was the exercise itself. However, the additional clothing and protective gear exacerbated the responses, particularly towards the end stages of the protocol. This negatively impacted players‘ performance. Muscle activity appeared to be unaffected by increased body temperatures. However, core temperatures never reached critically high levels during either condition.

Implémentation et évaluation d'un programme de promotion de la santé au sein de clubs sportifs : « Promouvoir l'Activité Physique des Adolescents » La pratique sportive est considérée comme bénéfique pour la santé (OMS, 1995). Malgré ce constat, tous les jeunes ne bénéficient pas d'expérience sportive positive. Pour encourager ce type d'expérience, ce travail doctoral est composé de trois parties : (1) une analyse de la contribution du club sportif à la promotion de la santé, (2) l'évaluation des effets et (3) du processus d'implémentation d'une intervention basée sur la théorie de l'autodétermination et la théorie des buts d'accomplissement visant une expérience sportive positive et durable : le programme « Promouvoir l'Activité Physique des Adolescents ». Pour apprécier la contribution du club sportif à la promotion de la santé, 2 études ont été réalisées. La première analyse les représentations de 125 éducateurs des missions et actions de promotion de la santé des clubs sportifs, concluant que le club pourrait être plus actif en termes de politique et de pratiques. La seconde, évaluant la contribution de la pratique sportive pour atteindre les recommandations en termes d'activité physique (AP ; OMS, 2010) auprès de 331 jeunes footballeurs, observe que la pratique sportive semble favoriser la pratique d'AP. L'évaluation des effets de l'intervention a été réalisée à l'aide d'une étude contrôlée randomisée auprès de 617 joueurs (339 du groupe expérimental et 278 du groupe expérimental). Les résultats montrent qu'en comparaison au groupe contrôle, les joueurs entraînés par un éducateur formé ont une évolution plus positive de la perception du climat motivationnel, de la satisfaction du besoin de compétence, de leur motivation autodéterminée, de l'estime de soi, et de moindres intentions et un taux d'abandon plus faible. En contrôlant le niveau au 1er temps de mesure, la formation a un effet sur l'expérience sportive médiatisée complètement par le climat motivationnel qui est partiellement médiatisé par la satisfaction de besoins et la motivation. L'évaluation du processus montre que la formation de formateurs pour délivrer notre intervention est efficace, que l'intervention un taux correct d'implémentation. Le taux d'implémentation individuel est modéré. / Implementation and evaluation of a health promotion program in sport clubs: "Promoting Adolescent Physical Activity" The benefits of sport participation have been demonstrated (OMS, 1995). Despite this statement, not all participants have a positive sport experience. To foster this type of experience, this doctoral thesis is composed of three aims : (1) an analysis of sport clubs contribution to health promotion (HP), (2) the evaluation of the effects and (3) process of an intervention based on self-determination and achievement goal theories to foster positive and long term sport involvement: the “Promoting Adolescent Physical Activity” intervention. Two studies have been realised to better understand the role sport clubs can play to HP. The first analyse the representation of sport clubs HP actions and mission of 125 grassroots coaches, underlining that sport clubs could be more active concerning HP policies and practices. The second question the contribution of sport participation to help 331 youth football players to reach WHO's physical activity (PA) recommendations (2010), showing that sport participation might favour participants' PA. The effects of the intervention have been evaluated trough a cluster-randomised trial including 617 players (339 in the experimental group and 278 in the control group). Results have shown that in comparison to the control group, players in the experimental condition have a more positive evolution of their motivational climate, the satisfaction of their competence need, a self-determination index (SDI) and self-esteem, as well as a decrease of their dropout intentions and behaviours. Controlling for Time 1, the intervention has an effect on sport experience fully mediated by the climate, which is partially mediated by basic needs satisfaction and a SDI. The process evaluation has shown that coach expert training to deliver our intervention was effective, that the intervention has no effect at the organisational level, but a correct implementation score. The individual implementation score is moderate.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:25:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJS.pdf: 1078710 bytes, checksum: cf0aad9df7f76352d7dcafaea9f76c1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-04-18 / Our aim is to investigate the complex process of learning football in Brazil. The focus of our analysis will be an average size city in São Paulo countryside. Usually, this learning process is related to essential factors which are linked to the representations of playing typically brazilian football, that means a natural gift. Which is completely different from the process that is symbolically and materially built. We will focus our discussion in the phenomenon of the football schools , both the public and the private ones, as an example of co-participation in this process. The origin of these football schools in the seventies and eighties brought different conceptions about the way of playing, learning and representing football in the country. On the other hand, it increased the investments in social policies of leisure related to the youth. While we tried to understand this process, making use of theoretical instruments of Social Science, we could comprehend an important part of the sport sociability spread in some brazilian urban centers. / Nesta dissertação procuramos investigar o complexo processo de aprendizagem do futebol no Brasil, focando uma cidade média do interior de São Paulo. Geralmente, tal processo é atribuído aos fatores mais essencializados que permeiam as representações do jogar à brasileira (dom, jeito inato), distanciando a apreensão do fenômeno como uma construção simbólica e material essencialmente constitutivas. Procuraremos retomar essa discussão, tendo como recorte empírico o fenômeno emergente das chamadas "escolinhas de futebol" (públicas e privadas) como co-partícipes desse processo. Por um lado, o surgimento dessas escolinhas , nas décadas de 70 e 80, trouxe à tona a contraposição entre diferentes concepções sobre as formas do jogar, aprender e representar o futebol no país e, por outro lado, fomentou os investimentos de políticas sociais de lazer mais voltadas à juventude. Compreender esse processo é possibilitar, a partir do instrumental teórico e metodológico das Ciências Sociais, a apreensão de uma importante faceta da sociabilidade esportiva disseminada em alguns centros urbanos brasileiros.

Cette thèse se propose d’analyser un phénomène sportif fortement ancré dans le social – le football – en se penchant sur sa dimension linguistique. Elle s’inscrit dans une logique comparative se développant à deux niveaux. Ainsi, un premier volet vise une comparaison entre des corpus bilingues rassemblant des commentaires de matchs de football de Ligue 1 (saison 2014-2015, en France et en Roumanie) et des commentaires de matchs de football relevant de la Coupe du Monde de Brésil (2014) en français et en roumain. Ces sous-corpus sont décrits à travers les critères pris en considération pour leur sélection, recueil et constitution. Le deuxième volet, qui fonde la spécificité de la démarche, réside dans la mise en regard des matérialités de ces corpus : le papier (le journal traditionnel) et le journal numérique, c’est-à-dire les commentaires des matchs de football tels que ceux-ci paraissent sur les sites internet des journaux sportifs. Cette double matérialité du corpus appelle une démarche à la fois théorique et analytique concrétisée, dans un premier temps, dans un éclaircissement des notions mises à contribution dans l’analyse. Le numérique est présenté à travers ses caractéristiques tout en mettant en évidence ses avantages et inconvénients. Dans un deuxième temps, l’étude s’étend au niveau micro-linguistique et textuel / discursif des deux types de commentaires en s’appuyant sur l’analyse du discours et sur l’analyse textuelle. C’est à ce niveau que surgissent à la fois les différentes configurations récurrentes dans ces deux types de commentaires, et les mécanismes qui font du football un générateur d’émotions et de métaphores, celles-ci servant de ressource linguistique dont s’emparent – par emprunt ou par migration – d’autres domaines et disciplines pour raviver leur propre langage et leur mode d’expression. Le rattachement du corpus au domaine médiatique constitue le troisième volet de l’étude et sert à repérer les différences engendrées par l’avènement d’une nouvelle matérialité renversante en termes d’effets, tant au niveau de l’architecture du journal qu’au niveau de la structure linguistique des commentaires papier et numériques fragmentés. / Our thesis proposes to analyse a sports-related phenomenon deeply rooted in the social environment – the football – by looking into its linguistic dimension. Our thesis is part of a comparative framework developed at two levels. Thus, a first level aims at a comparison between bilingual corpora made up of commentaries of League 1 football matches (season 2014-2015, in France and in Romania) and of commentaries of football matches of the World Cup in Brazil (2014), in French and in Romanian. These corpora are described by means of the criteria for their selection, collection and constitution. The second level – which constitutes the specificity of our approach – lies in the comparison of the materialities of these corpora : the print newspaper (the traditional newspaper) and the digital one, that is the commentaries of football matches as they appear on the web pages of the sports newspapapers. This double materiality of the corpus calls for a theoretical and analytical approach materialised firstly in a clarification of the notions used in this analysis. The digital is presented in terms of its characteristics, pointing out at the same time its advantages as well as its disadvantages. Secondly, the study extends to the micro-linguistic and textual/discursive level, on the basis of discourse and textual analysis. It is at this level that the different recurring configurations occur in these two types of commentaries, as well as the mechanisms turning football into a generator of emotions and metaphors as a linguistic resource taken over – by borrowing or migration – by other fields and disciplines in order to revive their own language and means of expression. The affiliation of our corpus to the media field constitutes the third level of our study and intends to identify the differences caused by the advent of a new staggering as far as its effects are concerned, both at the level of the newspaper’s architecture and at the level of the paper and digital fragmented commentaries.

A presente tese ambiciona apresentar o fenômeno das torcidas organizadas de futebol do Brasil (TOBR) sob a ótica do Estado brasileiro. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar não somente o protagonismo do Estado no processo que levou à fundação das primeiras TOBR nos anos 1940, mas também a influência de suas instituições para o crescimento e difusão das TOBR, que atingiram seu auge nos estádios de futebol nos anos 1990. Além de analisar a importância do Estado, esta tese também se dedica à compreensão das funções exercidas pela mídia esportiva, pelos clubes de futebol e pelos governing bodies do esporte brasileiro no que diz respeito à mediação da relação entre Estado e torcedores de futebol. Para a produção desse texto foram usadas fontes primárias como jornais de época, revistas de época, entrevistas, relatos e arquivos pessoais e também fontes secundárias como livros, dissertações, teses e artigos produzidos sobre as temáticas pertinentes a este estudo. Concluiu-se que as associações de torcedores no Brasil têm uma existência fortemente vinculada ao que se chamou de regime de Futebol de Estado, um arranjo político-institucional no qual o esporte de um país passa a ser usado como ferramenta política pelo Estado. O regime de Futebol de Estado é uma criação nazifascista que foi importada por Getúlio Vargas para o Brasil no início dos anos 1940. É durante este regime que se formam as primeiras associações de torcedores no Brasil. O expediente do Futebol de Estado foi também utilizado em toda a década de 1970 pelo Regime Militar, durante o qual as TOBR se desenvolveram de forma mais intensa. Foi também durante esse período que a violência entre torcedores se tornou mais frequente, o que contribuiu para que a relação entre Estado brasileiro e as TOBR entrasse em crise, uma consequência do fim do interesse estatal no esporte e da consolidação de um novo regime esportivo no Brasil nos anos 1990, o de Futebol para Mercado. / This study aims to present the phenomenon of football-supporters\' associations in Brazil (or TOBR, acronym in Portuguese language for torcidas organizadas de futebol brasileiras) on the historical perspective of the Brazilian State. It focuses not only on the State\'s role in the process that led to the foundation of the first TOBRs during the 1940\'s, but also on the influence of its institutions for the growth and diffusion of TOBRs, who experienced their golden age in football stadiums in the late 1980\'s and early 1990\'s. In addition to the analysis of the State\'s role within this process, this study is also dedicated to understand the role played by the sports media, the football clubs and the governing bodies of the Brazilian sport in mediating the relationship between the State and football supporters. This text was written upon primary sources such as coeval newspapers, magazines, periodicals, personal files, reports and non-coeval interviews, as well as secondary sources such as books, dissertations, theses and papers produced on the issues which are pertinent to this study. It was concluded that the TOBRs\' existence in Brazil is strongly linked to what was called a setting of Football of State, which is a political-institutional arrangement in which the sport of a nation is used as a political tool by its State. The Football of State\'s setting is a Nazi-fascist creation that was brought to Brazil by Getúlio Vargas in the early 1940\'s. It was precisely during this regime that the first TOBRs were founded. The device of the Football of State was also used during the military regime throughout the 1970\'s, and it was under this rule that the TOBRs developed more intensely. It was also during this period that violence among supporters started to happen more frequently. The violence among football-supporters increased substantially during the 1980\'s and led to a crisis between the TOBRs and Brazilian State in the early 1990\'s, which was also triggered by the end of State\'s interest in sports and the consolidation of a new sports setting in Brazil during the 1990s, the Football for the Market.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:41:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Marco Araujo Chaves.pdf: 1473011 bytes, checksum: 5b0f2f8c3b9da9ac854dd43167da4eef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-08 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / This study presents a discussion of symbolic meanings present in local practices cheerleaders. The research objective was to investigate the social meanings of twist for a professional football team in Manaus. To carry out our research we assume that the initial twist is seemingly simple, seen through the prism of references and identity standards of the population, however, immersed in this apparent simplicity, and in addition to the sports events are present dynamics of intense relations passion, social and cultural meanings ample, where their signs bring with them a symbolic universe that say a lot about the Brazilian society and Manauense so particular. Our research was characterized as an ethnographic study and data collection were used as instruments, questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and a field journal. To decode the discourse of the interviewees and extract from them the essence of the phenomenon, we used discourse analysis. In order to unravel the social meanings present in the twist were chosen cheerleaders who cheer the teams, because despite the current state of football amazonenense they exist and have local representation. The data collection of the research involved fans organized cheerleading Alvinegro the Empire Athletic Club Rio Negro, the organized supporters Narraça the National Football Club and the fans organizes Hurricane Blue São Raimundo Esporte Clube. Besides the organized fans were also part of this research the ordinary fans, in order to ascertain their perceptions of the meanings of the twist and these differed from the perception of organized supporters, as well as to know which teams of your choice. The study revealed that the twist to manauenses football fans, who mostly twist primarily by professional clubs of the State of Rio de Janeiro, plays an important role in the social life of the same forms of socialization and identification symbolically present and for its ability to generate exciting and thrilling moments, within a highly regulated and standardized daily / Este estudo apresenta uma discussão acerca das significações simbólicas presente nas práticas torcedoras manauenses. O objetivo da pesquisa consistiu em investigar os significados sociais do ato de torcer por um time de futebol profissional em Manaus. Para realização de nossa pesquisa partimos do pressuposto inicial que ato de torcer é aparentemente simples, visto pelo prisma das referências e dos padrões de identidade da população brasileira. Porém, imersos nesta aparente simplicidade, e para além das manifestações esportivas estão presentes dinâmicas de intensas relações de paixão, significados sociais e culturais amplos, nos quais seus signos trazem consigo um universo simbólico que dizem muito sobre a sociedade brasileira, e manauense, de forma particular. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como um estudo do tipo etnográfico e na coleta das informações foram utilizados como instrumentos questionário, entrevista semiestruturada além de um diário de campo. Para decodificar os discursos dos sujeitos entrevistados e extrair deles a essência do fenômeno, utilizamos a análise do discurso. No intuito de desvendar os significados sociais presentes no ato de torcer foram escolhidas as torcidas organizadas que torcem pelos times locais, pois apesar do atual estágio do futebol amazonenense elas existem e possuem representatividade local. A coleta de dados da pesquisa envolveu torcedores organizados da torcida Império Alvinegro do Atlético Rio Negro Clube, da torcida organizada Narraça do Nacional Futebol Clube e da torcida organiza Furacão Azul do São Raimundo Esporte Clube. Além dos torcedores organizados também fizeram parte dessa pesquisa os torcedores comuns, com a finalidade de se averiguar suas percepções sobre os significados do ato de torcer e se estas diferiam das percepção dos torcedores organizados, assim como também para conhecer quais os times de sua preferência. O estudo revelou que o ato de torcer para os torcedores manauenses de futebol, que em sua grande maioria torcem prioritariamente por clubes profissionais do Estado do Rio de janeiro, exerce uma importante função social na vida dos mesmos pelas formas de sociabilização e identificação presentes simbolicamente e por sua capacidade de gerar momentos excitantes e emocionantes, no seio de um cotidiano altamente regulamentado e normatizado.

The aim of this study was to generate useful isokinetic normative data for various cervical musculature strength, range of motion and ratio variables based on different positional categories in a sample of senior elite South African rugby players. Normative data was generated for the following variables: peak torque, power generated at 0.2 of a second, active and passive range of motion, the ratio of peak torque flexion to peak torque extension (PTF/PTE), the ratio of peak torque lateral flexion left to peak torque lateral flexion right (PTL/PTR), the ratios of peak torque to body weight (PT/BW) and the ratios of peak torque to lean body mass (PT/LBM). Furthermore, the data gathered from the senior elite players was compared to similar data obtained from a sample of schoolboy rugby forwards to detect statistically significant differences (p < .05). A normative survey design was used in which 189 subjects from eight provincial unions participated in a one off evaluation session. The evaluation session comprised of various anthropometrical measurements and an isokinetic cervical musculature assessment. The normative data, displayed in Stanine tables, was generated for four positional categories: the front row (# 1-3), the second row (# 4-5), the back row (# 6-8) and the backline (# 9 -15). The second row positional category performed the best on the peak flexion torque variable (44.04 Nm). The front row positional category achieved the largest average peak extension torque (65.6 Nm). The second row positional category achieved the largest average peak lateral flexion right torque (69.42 Nm). A similar result was observed with the measurement of peak lateral flexion left torque, with the second row positional category achieving the largest average peak lateral flexion left torque (66.31 Nm). The backline positional category achieved the lowest averages on all the abovementioned peak torque variables. The front row positional category performed the best on the flexion power generated at 0.2 of a second variable (160.92 W). The front row positional category again achieved the largest extension power generated at 0.2 of a second average (237.02 W). The second row positional category achieved the largest lateral flexion right power generated at 0.2 of a second average (269.81 W). Similar results were observed with the measurement of lateral flexion left power generated at 0.2 of a second. The second row positional category achieved the largest lateral flexion left power generated at 0.2 of a second average (259.62 W). Again the backline players achieved the smallest power generated at 0.2 of a second averages for all the above-mentioned power variables. The measurement of passive (PROMFE) and active (AROMFE) range of motion for flexion to extension revealed that the second row had the largest average PROMFE (125.44°). The measurement of AROMFE revealed a similar result. The second row again had the largest average AROMFE (108.45°). The measurement of passive (PROMLF) and active (PROMFE) range of motion for lateral flexion left to right revealed smaller and different results to those found for PROMFE and AROMFE. For the variable of PROMLF the backline players had the largest average PROMLF (119.44°). Conversely, the second row had the largest average AROMLF (106.96°). The calculation of the various ratios revealed great variation between the positional categories. This can be attributed to the functional requirements the players have to adhere to, to be successful in their position. Various other statistical calculations were performed to draw the average force distance graphs for the positional categories for the peak torque variables. Furthermore the force distance graphs were assessed to determine the players’ ability to maintain 80% of peak torque. All the senior elite positional categories proved to be significantly (p < .05) older and heavier than the schoolboy forwards. The senior elite forward positional categories were also significantly (p < .05) taller than the schoolboy forward. There however proved to be no significant difference (p > .05) in stature between the backline and schoolboy forwards. All the positional categories proved to have significantly thicker (p < .05) necks, but significantly shorter (p < .05) cervical spines than the schoolboy forwards. The forward positional categories demonstrated to be significantly stronger (p < .05), on all peak torque measures, than the schoolboy forwards. The same was observed between the backline and schoolboy forwards, however no statistically significant difference (p > .05) was observed between the respective sample groups for the measure of peak lateral flexion left torque. For all the measures of power generated at 0.2 of a second, the senior forward positional categories proved to be significantly more powerful (p < .05) than the schoolboy forwards. The senior backline, although significantly more powerful (p < .05) in the flexion movement pattern, proved to be significantly less powerful (p < .05) than the schoolboy forwards in the lateral flexion right movement pattern. No statistically significant differences (p < .05) were found to exist between the senior backline and schoolboy forwards for the extension and lateral flexion left power generated at 0.2 of a second variables. All positional categories proved to have significantly smaller (p < .05) active and passive ranges of motion compared to the schoolboy forwards. Conversely, the senior elite players had significantly larger (p < .05) ratios (PTF/PTE, PTL/PTR, PT/BW and PT/LBM) than the schoolboy forwards. Literature has identified schoolboy rugby as having a much higher incidence of cervical spinal injuries than senior rugby. It can thus be inferred from the above information that the variables of peak torque and power generated at 0.2 of a second play a important role in safeguarding a player from injury on the field of play. Furthermore, calculated ratios show that senior players, especially the forwards, have undergone adaptive changes in cervical musculature strength to meet the requirements of the position they play in, thereby safeguarding themselves from cervical spinal injury. Proper cervical musculature conditioning has been cited in the literature as being an effective but neglected method of preventing cervical spinal injuries. The generation of normative data, concerning cervical musculature performance, can thus be used to prevent the occurrence of cervical injuries and re-injury of the cervical spine by providing a standard of musculature strength for safe participation in rugby, and possibly other collision type sports, and a quantified guide for successful patient rehabilitation respectively.

En 2013, dans le parc Gezi d’Istanbul, plus d’un million de personnes ont spontanément déclenché le plus grand mouvement protestataire que la Turquie a connu. Les supporters des trois clubs de football les plus populaires d’Istanbul y ont joué un rôle inédit tant par la forme de leur engagement que par leur mode d’action. Le terrain d’expression de cette contestation était essentiellement constitué par les réseaux sociaux en ligne. La thèse propose de comprendre les raisons de l’implication des supporters et interroge la forme politique de cette mobilisation. Au-delà du football, cet engagement est étroitement dépendant d’un ensemble de conditions historiques et sociales, et de représentations liées à une « doxa républicaine ». L’analyse cyber-ethnographique sur Twitter (qui englobe les messages des supporters) nous a permis de repérer les traces de l’identité urbaine, laïque et « moderne » de ces participants de Gezi, leur rapport au politique et leur adhésion aux valeurs républicaines. / In 2013, at Gezi Park of Istanbul, over a million people spontaneously started the largest protest movement in the history of Turkey. The fans of Istanbul’s three popular football clubs had an unprecedented engagement in these protests. Online social networks were one of the major channels where dissident expressions took place. This thesis aims to understand supporters’ reasons to participate in these protests and the political forms of their mobilization. Beyond football, this engagement is closely associated with a bundle of historical and social conditions and representations, linked with the “republican doxa.” A cyber-ethnography on Twitter that covers football supporters’ messages helps us trace the urban, secular and “modern” identity of these participants of Gezi, their relationship with politics and their allegiance to republican values.