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The dissertation consists of four recitals: repertoire consisting of solo compositions, music for clarinet alone, chamber music, and one lecture recital. The repertoire of these programs was chosen with the intention of demonstrating the capability of the performer to deal with problems arising in works of varying types and of different historical periods. The lecture recital, The D Major Clarinet Concerto by Theodor von Schacht, discusses background for the development of the clarinet in different pitches and gives pertinent bibliographical and historical information on the life and works of Theodor von Schacht. A formal and stylistic analysis is then followed by a short discussion of the problems involved in the transcription and performance of the work: possibly the first solo concerto ever written for the clarinet in A. The lecture concludes with the first performance of The D Major Clarinet Concerto for clarinet in A with orchestral accompaniment reduced for piano.

The subject of this work is the analysis of the content of the fictional and essayistic production from the writer Jorge Luis Borges, mainly that one made during the 1930s and 1940s and thematizing metaphysical subjects. The aim is to investigate if is there a philosophical project underlying it, and what are the general lines of this project. The introduction includes brief remarks about the importance of the work of Borges to Western thought in the second half of the twentieth century. The first chapter discusses the limitations that are imposed to a philosophical project included in a fictional work, and of its critical efficacy. The next chapter investigates the metaphysical essays Borges wrote during the period in analysis, searching for their philosophical roots. This effort focuses on interpretations by Borges of the systems built by George Berkeley, David Hume and Francis Herbert Bradley, and leads to the discussion of the refutation of the conception of time that permeates British idealism, promoted by the writer through the application of the principle of the indiscernibility. The borgian refutation of time, however, undermines the notion of personal identity, which is self-evident. The third and final chapter shows up that Borges tried to solve this paradox by means of a critical plunge in Gottfried Leibniz´s philosophical system, no longer by means of the essayistic discourse , but through fictional prose. Accordingly, the final chapter includes an outline of the method by which Borges, drawing on the resources of modal fictional discourse, contests speeches such as philosophy itself, supposed to have higher truth- value. It includes, as well, the review of those short stories written by Borges which reverberate leibnizian categories, in order to show the application of that method and hence the meaning of those narratives, which is, according to our hypothesis, to display, each under a different point of view, the fundamental contradiction of Leibniz´s conceptual system. This contradiction is that, despite all the efforts of the philosopher in safeguarding human freedom before a perfect and infinite mathematical cosmology, and of the assertion of the independence of the individual monad, the human condition which emerges from this order is humiliating for men, reducing them to a single piece in a stiff cosmic system. / A presente dissertação tem por objeto o conteúdo da produção ficcional e ensaística do escritor Jorge Luis Borges, mais especificamente aquela composta durante as décadas de 1930 e 1940 e que tocam ou tematizam temas metafísicos. O objetivo é investigar se existe ali, subjacente, um projeto filosófico, e quais são as linhas gerais desse projeto. A introdução inclui breves considerações a respeito da importância da obra de Borges para o pensamento ocidental da segunda metade do século XX. O primeiro capítulo discute as limitações que se impõem a um projeto filosófico inscrito numa obra ficcional, e o horizonte de sua eficácia crítica. No capítulo seguinte, investigam-se os ensaios metafísicos que o escritor redigiu ao longo do período analisado, em busca de suas raízes filosóficas. Esse esforço concentra-se nas interpretações feitas por Borges dos sistemas edificados por Georges Berkeley, David Hume e Francis Herbert Bradley, e conduz à discussão da refutação, promovida pelo escritor por meio da aplicação do princípio dos indiscerníveis, da concepção de tempo que permeia a corrente idealista britânica. A refutação borgiana do tempo traz consigo, no entanto, o solapamento da noção de identidade pessoal, noção que, no entanto, é autoevidente. Tal paradoxo, demonstra-se no terceiro e último capítulo, Borges tentará resolvê-lo por meio de um mergulho crítico no sistema de Gottfried Leibniz, não mais pela via do discurso ensaístico, mas por meio da prosa ficcional. Nesse sentido, o capítulo final inclui um esboço do método pelo qual Borges, valendo-se dos recursos modais do discurso ficcional, coloca em discussão discursos de valor veritativo pretensamente superior, como é o caso da filosofia; bem como a resenha de contos escritos por Borges que ecoam categorias integrantes do sistema de Leibniz, com o objetivo de evidenciar a aplicação desse método e, por conseguinte, o sentido daquelas narrativas, que é, segundo nossa hipótese, de exibir, cada qual sob um ponto de vista diferente, a contradição fundamental do organismo conceitual leibniziano. Essa contradição consiste em que, malgrado todos os esforços do filósofo em resguardar a liberdade humana diante de uma cosmologia matemática perfeita e infinita, e não obstante a afirmação da independência individual da mônada, a condição humana que decorre dessa ordem é humilhante e nulificadora para o homem, pois o reduz a uma simples peça de um rígido sistema cósmico. / Mestre em Filosofia

Orientador: Enéias Forlin / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T15:26:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nolasco_FabioMascarenhas_M.pdf: 1121338 bytes, checksum: 679280a1fe00df842faf6eedecac94db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Tentou-se nesta dissertação apresentar um ponto de vista - fragmentário e inacabado como necessariamente deve ser - acerca do percurso histórico do imbricamento entre matemática e filosofia que marcou intensamente o séc. XVII, imbricamento este assinalado pelos termos more geometrico, mathesis universalis, algebra, dentre outros. Isto com o intuito distante de abordar, posteriormente, a questão mais genérica de situar tal imbricamento específico do séc. XVII perante outras conformações da relação entre filosofia e matemática, notadamente, as que presentemente mais nos interessam, a do idealismo alemão do início do séc. XIX e a dos princípios do que veio a se chamar de filosofia analítica, do início do séc. XX. Para tanto, desta forma, buscamos apresentar dois momentos desse imbricamento especificamente seiscentista entre matemática e filosofia que, em nossa opinião, abrangem uma vastíssima gama de temas sintomáticos do período: (i) a conformação cartesiana entre matemática e filosofia, dita inauguradora da modernidade, tipificada pelo conceito de intuicionismo, e (ii) a conformação leibniziana, tipificada pelo conceito de formalismo. Julgamos que a apresentação do percurso apenas tocando estes dois pólos do movimento, mesmo que incompleta por não tratar de temas da filosofia de Hobbes, Pascal, Spinoza, Locke, dentre outros, apresenta, todavia, os contornos gerais do desenvolvimento buscado: como se o momento da crítica de Leibniz a Descartes, e a re-formulação leibniziana do dito imbricamento, pudesse ser tomado como uma caracterização exemplar do percurso do imbricamento de matemática e filosofia do séc. XVII / Abstract: Our effort in this dissertation was to present a point of view - fragmentary and unachieved as it ought to be - concerning the historical development of the conjunction between Mathematics and Philosophy which has so characteristically marked the XVIIth century; a conjunction denoted by the terms more geometrico, mathesis universalis, algebra, to name but a few. And this, due to the further goal of approaching, afterwards, the more generic question of situating such a conjunction, specific of the XVIIth century, in regards to other conformations of the relation between Philosophy and Mathematics, namely the ones which are of our present interest, that of the German Idealism of the early XIXth century, and that of the first moments of what came to be called as Analytic Philosophy, of the first years of the XXth century. So as to approach the more basic part of this goal, we have thus tried to present two moments of this specifical XVIIth century conjunction between Mathematics and Philosophy which, in our opinion, touch a very large array of symptomatic questions of the period: (i) the cartesian conformation between mathematics and philosophy, said to be the inauguration of modernity, typified by the concept of intuitionism, and (ii) the leibnizian conformation, typified by the concept of formalism. We claim that such an exposition, which only touches the two poles of the movement, even if incomplete for not treating themes from Hobbes, Pascal, Spinoza and Locke's Philosophy, in among others, nevertheless presents the general outlines of the development we are trying to enlighten: as if the moment of Leibniz' criticism to Descartes, and the leibnizian re-conformation of the said conjunction, could be taken as an exemplary characterization of the development of the relation between mathematics and philosophy of the XVIIth century / Mestrado / Historia da Filosofia Moderna / Mestre em Filosofia

Orientador: Eduardo Roberto Junqueira Guimarães / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T07:43:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Machado_IsadoraLima_D.pdf: 2842339 bytes, checksum: 659cbcc46726a0c74148485f516b65ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: A partir da perspectiva da História das Ideias Linguísticas, a tese investiga as filiações a Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche nas Ciências da Linguagem. A hipótese do trabalho é a de que a enunciação nietzscheana é um acontecimento na história da reflexão sobre a linguagem. Compreende-se o acontecimento, tal como o define Eduardo Guimarães, ou seja, não enquanto um fato no tempo, mas como aquilo que produz diferença em sua própria ordem. Tomada como acontecimento, a enunciação nietzscheana instaura sua própria diferença, e nela consideramos duas temporalidades distintas: por um lado, a que produz a filiação de Edward Sapir a Nietzsche, e que recorta Wilhelm von Humboldt como memorável; por outro, a que produz a filiação de Michel Pêcheux e Eni Orlandi a Nietzsche. A possibilidade de pensar as temporalidades em sua equivocidade demonstra que há um caminho na reflexão sobre a linguagem a ser trilhado nas sendas de um materialismo trágico ¿ a consideração de que a determinação histórica não é fruto de um processo maquínico, motorizado, mas que há algo do acaso que comparece, e que, nesse acaso, intervalo entre o equívoco e a linguagem, há ainda um espaço para a arte, para a criação, para r-existir ao sedentarismo dos sentidos / Abstract: From the perspective of the History of the Linguistic Ideas, this thesis investigates the affiliations to Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche in Language Sciences. The hypothesis of this work is that Nietzsche's enunciation is an event in the history of the reflection on language. We understand the event, as defined by Eduardo Guimarães, i.e., not as a fact in time, but as something that produces a difference in its own order. Taken as an event, Nietzsche¿s enunciation establishes its own difference, and in it we consider two different time frames: on the one hand, the one that produces Edward Sapir¿s affiliation to Nietzsche, and that highlithts Wilhelm von Humboldt as memorable; on the other hand, the one that produces Pêcheux and Eni Orlandi¿s affiliation to Nietzsche. The possibility of thinking temporalities in its own equivocity demonstrates that there is a path in the reflection on language to be taken in the paths of a tragic materialism - the consideration that the historical determination is not a result of a machine and motorized process, but that there is something from chance that appears, and that, in that chance, an interval between the misunderstanding and the language, there is still a space for art, for creation, to resist to the sedentary senses / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutora em Linguística

Summary in English / Romanticism as a broad movement of thought developed as a reaction against rationalism and empiricism in the period of Enlightenment. In his critical evaluation of Getman literature Eichendorff as a historian exammes the excessiveness of esoteric theories in the work of the young intellectuals of the early romantic period in Getmany. The romanticists' idealist celebration of the self, and their tendency to overestimate the power of the imagination and the supreme value of art led to self-adulation and subjectivism which was unacceptable to Eichendorff s understanding of art and religion. The "romantic" attempt at creating a new mythology usmg art as a new kind of religion and thereby making the poet an omnipotent creator could only be rejected by Eichendorff whose moral convictions were strongly based on Christian Catholic beliefs. The young romanticists replaced ethics with aesthetics. Eichendorffs judgement of this development is devastating. He describes the early romantic movement as a "premature abortion". / Classics and Modern European Languages / M.A. (German)

Summary in English / Romanticism as a broad movement of thought developed as a reaction against rationalism and empiricism in the period of Enlightenment. In his critical evaluation of Getman literature Eichendorff as a historian exammes the excessiveness of esoteric theories in the work of the young intellectuals of the early romantic period in Getmany. The romanticists' idealist celebration of the self, and their tendency to overestimate the power of the imagination and the supreme value of art led to self-adulation and subjectivism which was unacceptable to Eichendorff s understanding of art and religion. The "romantic" attempt at creating a new mythology usmg art as a new kind of religion and thereby making the poet an omnipotent creator could only be rejected by Eichendorff whose moral convictions were strongly based on Christian Catholic beliefs. The young romanticists replaced ethics with aesthetics. Eichendorffs judgement of this development is devastating. He describes the early romantic movement as a "premature abortion". / Classics and Modern European Languages / M.A. (German)