<p>Studiens syfte var att med neuropsykologiska utredningsverktyg undersöka exekutiva funktioner hos allsvenska fotbollsspelare samt division 1 spelare. Även sambandet mellan spelarnas exekutiva funktioner, gjorda mål och assist undersöktes. 57 herr- och damspelare testades. Elva kliniska utredningstest användes. Resultaten visade att de allsvenska spelarna hade signifikant bättre kapacitet på vissa exekutiva funktioner än spelarna från division 1. Även de spelare som gjort flest mål och assist hade i förhållande till de som gjort minst, bättre kapacitet på flertalet exekutiva funktioner. Den förklarade variansen visade att de exekutiva funktionerna, i vissa fall, utgjorde mellan 30 % och 40 % av samtliga egenskaper som påverkar spelarnas prestationsförmåga mätt i mål och assist. Resultaten indikerar att kapaciteten av de exekutiva funktionera kan ha betydelse för fotbollspelares sportsliga framgång.</p> / <p>The purpose of this study was to, with neuropsychological test tools, examine the executive functions among soccer players from premier league and first division. The relations between the players’ executive functions and their goals and assists were also examined. 57 male and female soccer players were tested. Eleven different clinical test tools were used. The result shows that the players from premier league had significant better capacity of their executive functions than the players from the first division. Also the players who scored most goals and did most assist had better capacity in several of their executive functions than the players that scored and assisted least. R Square showed in some cases that 30 to 40 % of the total capacity of the players’ performance in assists and goal scoring were provided by the executive functions. The result indicates that the capacity of the executive functions among soccer players could have importance for their success.</p>

<p>I min undersökning har jag valt att undersöka hur musik används i förskolans verksamhet. Undersökningen baserar sig på litteratur, observationer (som dessutom filmats) och efterföljande kvalitativa intervjuer med ansvariga för musikstunden, jag har besökt fem olika förskolor.</p><p>Resultatet i min undersökning visar att samtliga respondenter tycker att musik är en viktig del av förskolans verksamhet och de använder sig av musik både som mål (att berika barnens liv) och som verktyg (förbättra barnens sociala utveckling, inför skolan t ex). Men flera av respondenterna i mitt arbete är oroliga inför framtiden eftersom kommunen vill att barngrupperna ska bli större men även därför att personalen tvingas att arbeta med mer administrativa delar som de känner tar tid från barngrupperna. På sikt medför detta, enligt deras uppfattning, att även musiken i verksamheten blir lidande eftersom personalen känner sig stressad och otillräcklig.</p> / <p>In my study, I have chosen to observe how music is used in primary schools. The research is based upon literature, observations (which were filmed) and follow-up interviews with heads of the musical moments. I have visited five various primary schools.</p><p>The result of my study shows that all of the respondents view music as being a substantial part of the primary school, in that they use music both as a goal (to enrich the children’s lives) and as a tool (to improve the children’s social development, for example, before entering elementary school.). Yet many of the respondents in my study are worried about the future because local government aims to enlarge the number of children in primary schools, while also forcing the employees to work more with administration, which they regard as taking time away from the children. As a consequence, they expect this will lead to a reduction of music in primary schools, as teachers will experience more stress and feel less adequate in their jobs.</p>

Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

The overall aim of this thesis was to examine the construct validity and the reliability of the instrument DOA; Dialogue about working ability. The theoretical foundation for DOA is the Model of Human Occupation. The instrument is divided into two sections; client self-assessment and professional assessment focusing on the individual’s working ability. The assessments are followed by a dialogue to distinguish goals for the return to-work process based on the client’s own preferences. In line with the theoretical base, the concept ‘work’ refers to both paid work and other productive activities related to work. In Study I, 21 professionals and 126 clients participated from three clinics in Sweden. All clients were involved as outpatients in psychiatric work rehabilitation in county councils or community services. The results from the Rasch analysis test indicated that items are well separated from each other and generally work together in five unidimensional continuums with the objective to measure abilities related to work. Twenty-nine of 34 items showed goodness-of-fit statistics, which means acceptable infit MnSq values from &gt;0.6 to &lt;1.4 in association with Z values from –2 to 2, and that the five misfit items have to be revised. Thirty-four outpatient clients and 14 professionals from four clinics within psychiatric work rehabilitation in Sweden participated in Study II. Two reliability aspects were studied: test-retest and inter rater reliability. The statistical analyses used were Spearman Rank Correlation test and Percentage of agreement (PA). Generally, the Spearman Rank Correlation test showed acceptable significant correlations between test retest since a greater part of items correlated “moderate to good” (r = 0.51 – 0.75). In the inter raters´ test PA was good, ranging from 93.1 % to 96.5 %, which is well above the acceptable criteria of 80 %. There were no significance differences between the raters. The study has shown that one item has to revised. The findings verify that DOA has potential as a means of making valid and reliable assessments of working ability, as described by the Model of Human Occupation, out of both clients´ and occupational therapists´ perspective.

Background and purpose: Aspects such as the character of the organization and the composition of the work force have an impact on the company’s choice of how to reward and evaluate the employee. In large companies with employees from different professions and at different levels problems connected with the evaluation and the compensation of the employee may arise. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how this type of companies evaluate and reward the employees. Further we will look into the problems that may arise connected to the evaluation and the compensation of the employee. Results: In the process of evaluation the greatest difference between the employees from different professions and operations can be found in the goals that are set and the measures that measure the fulfilment of the goals. In regard to the evaluation of employees at different levels the greatest differencecan be found in the character of the measures. When rewarding employees companies tend to have a homogeneous policy for employees from all operations and professions. The difference is greater between employees at different levels. As the number of operations and levels of the company increases it gets harder to set goals that are relevant to each operation and individual as an increasing number of aspects related to these operations must be considered. In addition it is difficult to design rewards which are cost efficient and valued by all employees. These difficulties arise as individuals’ preferences are affected by their working environment and as different preferences are created in different operations and at different levels.

This paper examines how internal branding can be integrated into the management control system to overcome the challenges faced by divisionalised companies regarding goal congruence and suboptimisation. A theoretical synthesis pointing out the similarities between management control and internal branding has been used together with the obtained information from interviews to create a new model on how to integrate internal branding into the management control system. Four organisations were included in the empirical research, namley SAS, Länsförsäkringar, Handelsbanken and LiU, which all have divisionalised structures. All of the organisations are in some way using internal branding, implicitly or explicitly, to control behaviour. Our results show that internal branding on its own is not sufficient to control the behaviour within the organisation. However, integrated in the management control system and combined with the general informal control, internal branding is a rather inexpensive and effective way of coordinating divisional behaviour. We argue that a deeper understanding for behavioural control is needed and that internal branding should be given more importance within the management control area.

No description available.

I min undersökning har jag valt att undersöka hur musik används i förskolans verksamhet. Undersökningen baserar sig på litteratur, observationer (som dessutom filmats) och efterföljande kvalitativa intervjuer med ansvariga för musikstunden, jag har besökt fem olika förskolor. Resultatet i min undersökning visar att samtliga respondenter tycker att musik är en viktig del av förskolans verksamhet och de använder sig av musik både som mål (att berika barnens liv) och som verktyg (förbättra barnens sociala utveckling, inför skolan t ex). Men flera av respondenterna i mitt arbete är oroliga inför framtiden eftersom kommunen vill att barngrupperna ska bli större men även därför att personalen tvingas att arbeta med mer administrativa delar som de känner tar tid från barngrupperna. På sikt medför detta, enligt deras uppfattning, att även musiken i verksamheten blir lidande eftersom personalen känner sig stressad och otillräcklig. / In my study, I have chosen to observe how music is used in primary schools. The research is based upon literature, observations (which were filmed) and follow-up interviews with heads of the musical moments. I have visited five various primary schools. The result of my study shows that all of the respondents view music as being a substantial part of the primary school, in that they use music both as a goal (to enrich the children’s lives) and as a tool (to improve the children’s social development, for example, before entering elementary school.). Yet many of the respondents in my study are worried about the future because local government aims to enlarge the number of children in primary schools, while also forcing the employees to work more with administration, which they regard as taking time away from the children. As a consequence, they expect this will lead to a reduction of music in primary schools, as teachers will experience more stress and feel less adequate in their jobs.

Following study is about motivation from a student perspective. Based on the prescribed literature and published research, the concept and field of motivation have been illuminated. The purpose of the study was to examine how students in ninth grade perceived their educational motivation and what kind importance they considered it had for their performance in school. The study is also supposed to base upon the result; clarify the differences if any between schools. In an attempt to get a clear image of this a quantitative method in the form of surveys was made on two schools in the Stockholm region. One of the schools had a really good merit value, and the other had a rather poor merit- value. By choosing a quantitative method a relatively large number of students where able to participate and equally large quantity of statistics have been presented. The result point at motivation in the participating students in both schools can increase and decrease through different factors. These factors, observed in this study, are directly linked to the school and includes among other things the significant of having an influence on the education and inner factors as being able to achieve a certain degree and of external factors as the school environment. / Studien handlar om studiemotivation utifrån ett elevperspektiv. Med utgångspunkt i utgiven litteratur och publicerad forskning har begreppet och området motivation belysts. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur elever i årskurs 9 uppfattar sin studiemotivation och vilken betydelse de anser att den har för deras skolprestation. Även skillnader i resultatet mellan de två skolorna belyses. Till detta har en kvantitativ undersökningsmetod i form av enkäter genomförts på två grundskolor i Stockholms län. Genom valet av en kvantitativ metod kunde ett relativt stort antal elever delta och statistik presenteras. Resultatet pekar på att studiemotivationen hos eleverna på de undersökta skolorna kan både öka och minska genom olika faktorer. De olika faktorer som uppmärksammats i denna studie är direkt kopplade till skolan och innefattar bl.a. vikten av att få påverka undervisningen, inre faktorer som t ex att uppnå visst betyg eller yttre faktorer som t ex skolmiljön.

Studiens syfte var att med neuropsykologiska utredningsverktyg undersöka exekutiva funktioner hos allsvenska fotbollsspelare samt division 1 spelare. Även sambandet mellan spelarnas exekutiva funktioner, gjorda mål och assist undersöktes. 57 herr- och damspelare testades. Elva kliniska utredningstest användes. Resultaten visade att de allsvenska spelarna hade signifikant bättre kapacitet på vissa exekutiva funktioner än spelarna från division 1. Även de spelare som gjort flest mål och assist hade i förhållande till de som gjort minst, bättre kapacitet på flertalet exekutiva funktioner. Den förklarade variansen visade att de exekutiva funktionerna, i vissa fall, utgjorde mellan 30 % och 40 % av samtliga egenskaper som påverkar spelarnas prestationsförmåga mätt i mål och assist. Resultaten indikerar att kapaciteten av de exekutiva funktionera kan ha betydelse för fotbollspelares sportsliga framgång. / The purpose of this study was to, with neuropsychological test tools, examine the executive functions among soccer players from premier league and first division. The relations between the players’ executive functions and their goals and assists were also examined. 57 male and female soccer players were tested. Eleven different clinical test tools were used. The result shows that the players from premier league had significant better capacity of their executive functions than the players from the first division. Also the players who scored most goals and did most assist had better capacity in several of their executive functions than the players that scored and assisted least. R Square showed in some cases that 30 to 40 % of the total capacity of the players’ performance in assists and goal scoring were provided by the executive functions. The result indicates that the capacity of the executive functions among soccer players could have importance for their success.