When it comes to gender equality and education, teachers become the influential element of change as their proximity and classroom interactions with students can facilitate more gender sensitive teaching. This thesis aims to investigate the efforts made by India and Sweden to teach their teachers about gender and intersectional practices and sensitivity training and then analyse what one system can borrow from the other, while investigating the role of geo-politics in all of these. The thesis looks at efforts in forms of guidelines, strategies, and manuals that come from each country. The material is read closely, analysed, and then compared to determine what can be borrowed for both. The thesis presents its analysis from the theoretical lens of gender and intersectionality, transnational feminism, and decolonial feminism. The implications of this thesis are tangible as well as intangible, however - the biggest one is building a bridge between two countries to share knowledge and strategies in order to bring about a change in education systems which will ultimately create a ripple effect of gender awareness

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur man som pedagog kan arbeta med genuspedagogik i undervisningen med hjälp av genusneutral barnlitteratur. Forskning pekar på att barn tidigt skaffar sig en uppfattning om vad som förväntas av dem på grund av deras kön. Den svenska läroplanen Lgr 11 förespråkar att läraren ska motverka de traditionella könsmönstren samtidigt som man ska påverka och forma elevers uppfattning om kvinnligt och manligt. För att kunna göra detta krävs det att man undervisar eleverna i genuspedagogik. Barn påverkas av alla de intryck som omger dem, varför barnböcker är en bra utgångspunkt i samtalet om bland annat genus. Metoden är att initialt göra en inventering av helt genusneutrala barnböcker, för att sedan analysera ett urval av dessa, både separat och komparativt. Efter analysen genomförs en etnografisk studie med högläsning och boksamtal som resulterar i diskussioner i barngrupper kring vikten av att tillhöra ett genus. Studien visar att det blir mer komplicerat att hitta acceptans för olikheter och normbrytande ju äldre barnen är. Slutsatsen är att det bör undervisas mer i genuspedagogik, skrivas mer genusneutral barnlitteratur och att det bör forskas mer på området. / The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers can work with gender pedagogy using gender-neutral children's literature. Research indicates that children knows early what is expected of them because of their gender. The Swedish curriculum (Lgr 11) advocates that the teacher should counteract the traditional gender patterns while influencing and shaping students' perception of what is typical for men and women. In order to do this, it is necessary to teach the students in gender education. Children are affected by all the impressions that surround them, why children's books are a good starting point in the conversation about gender, among other things. The method is to initially make an inventory of completely gender-neutral children's books published in Sweden, in order to analyze a selection of these, both separately and comparatively. After the analysis, an ethnographic study is implemented, where a teacher is reading aloud and the class has a book-talk, which results in discussions about the importance of belonging to a gender. The study shows that finding acceptance for differences and go against the norms is becoming more complicated the older the children are. The conclusion is that it should be more education in gender pedagogy; more gender-neutral children's literature and that more research should be done in this area.

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Urban, suburban and rural school districts across the country are all grappling with issues concerning the plight of students of color and in particular males of color who continue to lag academically behind their female counterparts and in particular their same age male complements. This qualitative research study explored factors and procedural operations contributing to the founding, expansion and ultimate success of a predominantly African American single gender public charter high school serving young men located in a large metropolitan northeastern city. Study participants included teachers, school administrators, school board members, and other school staff who agreed to participate in this study, conducted over a two-year period. At the time of the study, the school enrolled 498 young men and employed approximately 47 staff, which included teachers, non-instructional personnel and administrative staff. In addition to first-hand interviews accounts, findings were documented through field observations, review of anecdotal records such as Staff and Student Handbooks, teacher lesson plans and standardized test scores, which included the state-mandated annual examination. Three primary findings emerged from almost 100 hours of the study and were operationalized bounded by a conceptual framework around three distinct themes: (1) teacher/student developed relationships in the classroom and outside the classroom, (2) school climate and culture, and tangible policies and procedures developed to encourage a peaceful and purposeful school environment, linked to incentives, a documented rigid i disciplinary style approach to education, and (3) the role of consistent and effective school governance from a committed Board of Trustees and the resiliency and sustainable leadership of school administrators. These three conceptual domains formed the basis that this school has made key strides in demonstrating social and academic success in the lives of African American males. The findings also amplify that despite discourse which suggests the underachievement of Black boys in schools, the young men attending West Philadelphia Preparatory Charter School (pseudonym) enrolled with a variety of assets which included mentors, parents who demonstrated immense interest in the success of their children, peer to peer supports, high attendance records and resiliency in negotiating challenges between their communities of residence and the school. These findings are significant for single gender schools, urban public education, charter and independent schools, classroom management and the influence of a Latin-based foundation as they provide the critical ingredients desired to improve K-12 spaces delivering increased opportunities for postsecondary success and future workforce-ready participants. The results of the study tell us that teachers, administrators and other school personnel play a key role in delivering a specific set of actions items which tend to illuminate assets that young men bring to school which eventually contributes to their successful matriculation through high school. Further, results identify key functions of school policy and procedures that produced an academically rich, culturally sensitive and safe environment which contributed to maintaining high academic performance, increased student attendance and a unique set of in school and non-traditional extended day activities for African American males. / Educational Leadership

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate teachers ́ perceptions and experiences of practical gender equality work in primary schools in Sweden. Method: The method followed a qualitative approach and was based on semi-structured interviews. The sample involved four teachers working in Swedish primary schools. The material gathered from these interviews were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in three main themes and six subthemes. The three main themes were: Work in progress, The teacher ́s responsibility and Future development. The main findings of the study have showed according to the interviews that the schools have some form of equality policy or equality plan, however, these were perceived by the teachers as restrictively theoretical. The teachers sensed a lack of systematic work regarding gender equality work. Challenges which the teachers met in the gender equality work were how to approach the students ́ own understandings concerning the matter, and further, how to address students more prominent traditional gender ideas without inhibiting their views. The soccer field was expressed by the teachers as a particularly conflicted area where offensive words and manners might occur. Additionally, the interviewed teachers perceived variances among the teachers in the collegium, regarding their individual knowledge in gender equality. Conclusion: The teachers perceived the gender equality work an important and necessary part in teaching the students to become future citizens of society. Therefore, further research is needed for establishing what resources are required to support the teachers pursue, successfully, their duties. / Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka lärares uppfattningar och erfarenheter av praktiskt jämställdhetsarbete i grundskolan i Sverige. Metoden hade en kvalitativ ansats och baserades på semistrukturerade intervjuer. Sammanlagt deltog fyra lärare som arbetade som klasslärare i grundskolan. Intervjumaterialet analyserades utifrån en tematisk analysmetod. Resultatet utmynnade i tre huvudteman: Pågående arbete, Lärarens uppdrag och Utveckling framåt. Varje huvudtema hade två tillhörande subteman. Huvudfynden visade att samtliga skolor hade någon form av jämställdhetspolicy eller jämställdhetsplan men att de upplevdes väldigt teoretiska enligt lärarna. Lärarna upplevde att skolorna saknade systematiskt arbete i jämställdhetsarbetet. De erfarenheter och uppfattningar som eleverna har med sig hemifrån är ofta djupt rotade och lärarna ville inte tillrättavisa de eleverna som kanske har en mer traditionell uppfattning angående könsroller. Lärarna upplevde att fotbollsplanen var en konfliktfylld plats där kränkande ord och behandling kunde förekomma. I kollegiet ansåg lärarna att det rådde olika kunskapsnivåer om jämställdhet. Slutsatsen var att lärare uppfattade jämställdhetsarbetet som viktigt och nödvändig, där lärare har ett ansvar att lära elever att bli framtida samhällsmedborgare. Därför behövs ytterligare forskning kring vilka resurser som behövs för att lärare ska få rätt förutsättningar för att lyckas i jämställdhetsarbetet i grundskolan.

本研究從女性主義理論角度出發，主要研究目的在探討現今國中教師在教學互動過程裡，是否展現出性別角色刻板化態度？他們的態度否因其人口特質（如：性別、年齡、省籍、婚姻狀況）、師資培育訓練歷程、教學及行政經驗的不同而產生差異？上述的因素是如何影響教師的兩性平等教育意識（包括教學平權態度、教學性別區隔、女性主義理念）？ 本研究係採用研究者自行編製的問卷作為研究工具，研究範圍則限台北市及台北縣國民中學，從研究者個人網絡選擇受訪者，再由受訪者代替研究者於授課學校進行隨機抽樣調查，總計有效樣本為401份。樣本資料經檢核登錄後，研究者以SAS統計分析軟體進行資料分析。 研究結果及主要發現如下： 一、男老師仍然掌控學校行政事權，女老師不僅較少參與行政工作，也因為傳統性別角色的影響（包括：母職及傳統女性角色的壓抑），她們的行政意願普遍低落。 二、教師的教學態度仍深為性別刻板角色所左右，包括教師仍強調複製兩性特質的教育功能及女性的母職角色。 三、教師仍容易以〝性別〞作為評估與詮釋學生行為的必然標準，．此外〝性別〞也是教師在控制學生及教室管理的重要方式；男教師的教學態度明額較不平權。 四、多數教師贊成教育機會平等，但對於〝女性主義教育理念〞（給予女性更多的教育資源以扭轉其弱勢地位）接受度低。 五、教師對於教職〝性別形象〞（女性化）的重視大過於〝專業能力〞；女教師的教職女性化刻板觀念較深。 六、性別社會化是影響教師〝性別角色刻板化〞及〝兩性教育平等意識〞的主因，女教師對於傳統性別角色的反省與兩性平權教育的思考均比男老師積極。 七、中壯年（40歲以上）教師不僅有明顯的性別偏見，他們對兩性教育的態度也較不平權；自然學科的教師也較贊同〝教育性別區隔〞，這表示他們在判斷學生的學習成就及傾向時，會有〝性別〞的預設立場；教學年數愈長的老師其性別角色的刻板化程度也愈高，他們也較贊同教育應有性別區隔。顯示教育的〝量〞（學習多久）對於個人性別平等意識的影響不如〝質〞（學習內容）來的重要。

The purpose of the empirical study is to determine the nature of the peer pressure that boys experience at a single-gender school. A literature study was conducted on single-gender education as opposed to co-education as well as the phenomenon of peer pressure during adolescence and the factors that might influence peer pressure. An empirical investigation was conducted involving 221 adolescent boys. The results showed that boys in single-gender schools experience more positive than negative peer pressure. No significant differences were found between the peer pressure of boys at a single-gender school and those at a co-educational school. Motivation and relationship with peers were identified as the two most important variables relating to peer pressure. Guidelines for parents, teachers, and adolescents were discussed to promote positive peer pressure and to minimise negative peer pressure. These guidelines included strategies to motivate adolescents and to promote positive peer relationships. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)