Objetivo: Determinar la Frecuencia de Depresión en el adulto mayor con síndrome de fragilidad según la Valoración Geriátrica Integral en el Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo entre abril del año 2019 hasta marzo del 2020. Así mismo, determinar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas, y la frecuencia de los criterios de Fried en los adultos mayores frágiles con depresión según la Valoración Geriátrica Integral en el Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo en este periodo. Diseño: Se realizo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Población: Son todos los Adultos Mayores con diagnóstico de Fragilidad según la Valoración Geriátrica Integral en el servicio de Geriatría del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo atendidos entre abril 2019 y marzo 2020. Desarrollo: Las personas sujeto a estudio se seleccionaron mediante muestreo censal, dando como resultado un total de 90. Resultados: La frecuencia de Depresión establecida fue de 75,6% (68 casos) frente a 24,4% (22 casos) de “No Depresión” (22/90) en el adulto mayor con síndrome de fragilidad. Las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas más frecuentes en adultos mayores con síndrome de fragilidad y depresión fueron: el rango octogenario (81 a 90 años) con un 54.4%; la población femenina con 67,6%; primaria completa con 75,0%; comorbilidad II en un 96,6%, y 51,5% tienen polifarmacia. En los criterios clínicos de fragilidad, la baja actividad física y la marcha lenta se reportaron como los más frecuentes con 100% y 98,5% respectivamente. / Today, the construction industry is focusing on the use of sustainable materials due to their environmental impact. because of their environmental impact. Concrete is widely used in construction due to its diverse properties, but one of its components, cement, composed mainly of clinker, causes significant CO2 pollution. clinker causes significant CO2 pollution. Therefore, the possibility of partially substituting this the possibility of partially substituting this material is being investigated. One example is calcined diatomaceous calcined diatoms, which are mainly composed of diatomite layers. The objective of this The objective of this study is to evaluate the properties of conventional concrete with the incorporation of calcined diatoms in proportions of 5%. calcined diatoms in proportions of 5%, 10% and 15%. For this purpose, tests were carried out in the fresh and hardened state. and hardened state. In general, the properties improve with respect to the standard mix for a 5% by weight substitution of cement with diatomaceous earth. 5% by weight replacement of cement by calcined diatomite. Calcined diatoms can be used in the production of lightweight concrete, since they reduce its density by 17 kg/m3. In terms of compressive strength, a 9% increase was observed with the addition of 5% calcined diatoms. of calcined diatomaceous earth compared to conventional concrete, thanks to its high pozzolanic activity. pozzolanic activity. In terms of durability, improvements were found when using 5% calcined diatomaceous earth as compared to conventional concrete, due to its high pozzolanic activity. calcined diatomaceous earth. The diatomite, despite increasing the production cost by 3% per cubic meter, improves the properties of the concrete. cubic meter, improves the properties of the concrete due to its low density, high pozzolanic and microscopic activity. pozzolanic activity and microscopic size.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第24135号 / 医博第4875号 / 新制||医||1060(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 近藤 尚己, 教授 川上 浩司, 教授 阪上 優 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

O acelerado processo de envelhecimento populacional é desafiador para a elaboração de estratégias de atenção à saúde nos diferentes níveis de complexidade. Em concordância com a integralidade do cuidado em assistência domiciliar, o interRAI-Home Care é um exemplo de avaliação multidimensional utilizado em vários países na gerência de casos, gestão em saúde pública e cooperação internacional na busca de melhores soluções para gestão de saúde. As características culturais e do funcionamento dos serviços de assistência domiciliar podem influenciar o processo de adaptação transcultural e uso desses instrumentos. Os objetivos desse estudo foram realizar a adaptação transcultural do interRAI-Home Care para a população brasileira e verificar a validade de conteúdo e face da versão em português brasileiro em um serviço de assistência domiciliar. Foram seguidas as etapas do processo de adaptação transcultural com tradução do instrumento, retro tradução para a língua de origem, avaliação de equivalência das versões do instrumento por uma comissão de especialistas e pré-teste com aplicação da versão pré-final em uma amostra selecionada por conveniência de 30 indivíduos (n=30), matriculados e atendidos no Núcleo de Assistência Domiciliar Interdisciplinar do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Os resultados mostram que os procedimentos para a adaptação transcultural foram realizados com ajustes necessários para garantir a equivalência de conteúdo das versões original, traduzida e retro traduzida após revisão e consenso da comissão de especialistas. Na fase pré-teste, verificou-se compreensão de todos os itens da versão pré-final por parte dos entrevistados e concordância entre os avaliadores >= 85% para cada item do instrumento, obtendo-se a versão final do interRAI-Home Care, traduzido e adaptado para o português, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. Conclui-se que a adaptação transcultural de um instrumento de avaliação multidimensional em assistência domiciliar foi realizada com verificação da validade de conteúdo e face dos itens do instrumento e elaboração da versão brasileira do interRAI-Home Care, em português brasileiro, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. Em etapas futuras, sugere-se a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar para viabilizar o seu uso e aplicabilidade prática em nosso meio / The accelerated population aging process is challenging for health care strategies development at different levels of complexity. In agreement with the integrality of care in home care, the interRAI-Home Care is an example of multidimensional assessment used in different countries in case and public health management and international cooperation for better solutions to health management. The culture and functioning of home care services can influence the process of cross-cultural adaptation and use of these instruments. This study aims to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of interRAI-Home Care for the Brazilian population and verify the content and face validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version in a home care service. Cross-cultural adaptation process stages were followed with translation, back translation, assessment of equivalence by an expert committee and pretesting with the pre-final version in a sample selected by convenience of 30 subjects (n = 30) registered and attended by the Núcleo de Assistência Domiciliar Interdisciplinar do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. The results shows that the procedures for cross-cultural adaptation were carried out with adjustments to ensure the equivalence of content of the original, translated and back translated versions after the committee experts review and consensus. Pretesting resulted in understanding of all items in the pre-final version by the interviewees and agreement between observers >= 85% for each item of the instrument thus obtaining the final version of interRAI-Home Care, translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. In conclusion, the cross-cultural adaptation of a home care multidimensional assessment instrument was performed with statement of content and face validity of the instrument items and development of brazilian interRAI-Home Care version, in Brazilian Portuguese, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. In future steps, we suggest the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar to enable its use and practical applicability in home care in Brazil

INTRODUÇÃO: A avaliação do desempenho físico pode ser realizada de maneira rápida e segura em idosos. A escala Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) é um instrumento prático que apresenta ótimos resultados na identificação precoce de idosos da comunidade em risco para desfechos adversos. Porém, ainda não foi estudada em idosos com condições agudas não internados. OBJETIVOS: Verificar o poder preditivo da escala SPPB em um ano para sobrevida, hospitalização, perda funcional e quedas, em idosos com condições agudas atendidos em Hospital Dia. E comparar a escala SPPB com a velocidade de marcha isolada. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte prospectivo com 512 idosos com doenças agudas ou crônicas descompensadas, capazes de deambular no plano (média de 79,5 ± 8,4 anos de idade; 63% mulheres), admitidos em um Hospital Dia Geriátrico (HDG) em São Paulo, Brasil. O desempenho físico foi realizado na admissão. Baixo risco foi definido como SPPB >= 9 pontos, médio risco entre 5 a 8 pontos e alto risco <= 4 pontos. Houve seguimento de um ano por contato telefônico mensal para aferição dos desfechos. Modelos de risco proporcionais de Cox foram calculados para cada desfecho após ajuste para fatores sociodemográficos (idade, sexo e raça), índice de comorbidades de Charlson, atividades de vida diária, cognição e sintomas depressivos. Foi analisado ainda, se a adição do teste de sentar e levantar e do teste do equilíbrio à velocidade de marcha melhoram a predição dos desfechos. RESULTADOS: Comparado aos de baixo risco, após ajuste para variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, participantes com médio e alto risco apresentaram maior incidência e risco de morte (18% vs. 6%, Hazard Ratio (HR)=2,5; 95%CI 1,2-5,5; 21% vs. 13%, HR=2,7; 95%CI 1,2-6,2, respectivamente), hospitalização (43% vs. 29%, HR=1,5; 95%CI 1,1-2.3; 44% vs. 29%, HR=1,7; 95%CI 1,1-2,7, respectivamente) e perda funcional (32% vs. 13%, HR=2,3; 95%CI 1,4-3,8; 58% vs. 13%, HR=3,9; 95%CI 2,2-6,6, respectivamente) em um ano de seguimento. Não houve associação da escala SPPB com o desfecho quedas. A adição do teste de sentar e levantar e do teste do equilíbrio à velocidade de marcha elhoraram a discriminação dos modelos de predição para morte (Harrell\'s C=0,67 vs 0,62; P=0,04), hospitalização (Harrell\'s C=0,60 vs 0,57; P=0,04) e perda funcional (Harrell\'s C=0,73 vs 0,70; P=0,01). CONCLUSÕES: a escala SPPB se mostrou um ótimo instrumento para o rastreamento de idosos com condições agudas sob risco de eventos adversos. A combinação dos três testes da SPPB teve uma melhor predição que a velocidade de marcha isolada / Background: Physical performance can be assessed quickly and safely in older adults. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scale is a validated practical tool to identify community-dwelling older adults at high risk for adverse outcomes. However, has not been evaluated for outpatients in acute care conditions. Objective: To evaluate the value of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in predicting 1-year survival, hospitalization, new dependence in basic activities of daily living (ADL) and falls among acutely ill older patients in a geriatric day hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. In addition, to estimate the contribution of the full SPPB over the gait speed alone in predicting the adverse outcomes. Methods: A prospective cohort study involving 512 with an acute medical problem or exacerbation of chronic disease, able to walk (mean age 79,5 ± 8,4 years; 63% female), consecutively admitted to a geriatric day hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Physical performance was evaluated at admission. Low risk group was defined as SPPB >= 9 points, median-risk group as SPPB between 5 and 8 points, and high risk group as <= 4 SPPB points. We conducted 1-year followup by monthly phone contacts to assess the outcomes. Nested Cox proportional hazards models were calculated for each outcome after adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age, sex and race), Charlson comorbidity index, ADL, cognition and depressive symptoms. In addition, we estimated whether the chair-stands test and balance test improve the ability of gait speed to discriminate those at risk of outcomes. Results: Compared to patients with high risk, after adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, those with medium and low risk in SPPB presented a higher risk of 1-year death (18% vs. 6%, Hazard Ratio (HR)=2,5; 95%CI 1,2-5,5; 21% vs. 13%, HR=2,7; 95%CI 1,2-6,2, respectively), hospitalization (43% vs. 29%, HR=1,5; 95%CI 1,1-2.3; 44% vs. 29%, HR=1,7; 95%CI 1,1-2,7, respectively) and ADL dependence (32% vs. 13%, HR=2,3; 95%CI 1,4-3,8; 58% vs. 13%, HR=3,9; 95%CI 2,2-6,6, respectively). SPPB was not association with falls. The addition of chair-stands and balance tests to gait speed improved the discrimination of models to predict death (Harrell\'s C=0.67 vs 0.62; P=0.04), hospitalization (Harrell\'s C=0.60 vs 0.57; P=0.04) and new ADL dependence (Harrell\'s C=0.73 vs 0.70; P=0.01). Conclusions: The SPPB is as a powerful tool for identifying acutely ill older outpatients at high-risk of adverse outcomes. The combination of the three components of the SPPB resulted in better predictive performance than gait speed alone

Background: Maintaining independence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is crucial for older adults. This study explored the association between cognitive and functional performance in general and in single IADL domains. Also, risk factors for developing IADL impairment were assessed. Methods: Here, 3,215 patients aged 75–98 years were included. Data were collected during home visits. Results: Cognitive functioning was associated with IADL both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Regarding the single IADL domains cross-sectionally, executive functioning was especially associated with shopping, while episodic memory was associated with responsibility for own medication. Conclusion: Reduced performance in neuropsychological tests is associated with a greater risk of current and subsequent functional impairment. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

The chapter titled Present state focuses on the problem of gerontology and geriatrics. Other chapters include description of the most outstanding neuropsychical and somatic changes in the old-age. Next chapters deal with functional examine and geriatric rehabilitation problem.The objective of the thesis was assessing the extent of self-reliance and psychical changes affecting all the occupants of using Crichton Geriatric Rating Scale.146 seniors were tested according to the Crichton Geriatric Rating Scale.Three hypotheses were stated. It was expected that the results of the Crichton tests would correlate with the results of MiniMental Test. Another hypothesis was that there would be better results of the test done to the people whose family care for them actively. The last hypothesis expected worse results of the people who have been in the retirement home for more than three years.The research has confirmed that the results of the Chrichton test and MiniMental test correlate. Correlation of the Crichton test with the active care and interest of the family for the senior and the length of their stay was not proved.

O acelerado processo de envelhecimento populacional é desafiador para a elaboração de estratégias de atenção à saúde nos diferentes níveis de complexidade. Em concordância com a integralidade do cuidado em assistência domiciliar, o interRAI-Home Care é um exemplo de avaliação multidimensional utilizado em vários países na gerência de casos, gestão em saúde pública e cooperação internacional na busca de melhores soluções para gestão de saúde. As características culturais e do funcionamento dos serviços de assistência domiciliar podem influenciar o processo de adaptação transcultural e uso desses instrumentos. Os objetivos desse estudo foram realizar a adaptação transcultural do interRAI-Home Care para a população brasileira e verificar a validade de conteúdo e face da versão em português brasileiro em um serviço de assistência domiciliar. Foram seguidas as etapas do processo de adaptação transcultural com tradução do instrumento, retro tradução para a língua de origem, avaliação de equivalência das versões do instrumento por uma comissão de especialistas e pré-teste com aplicação da versão pré-final em uma amostra selecionada por conveniência de 30 indivíduos (n=30), matriculados e atendidos no Núcleo de Assistência Domiciliar Interdisciplinar do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Os resultados mostram que os procedimentos para a adaptação transcultural foram realizados com ajustes necessários para garantir a equivalência de conteúdo das versões original, traduzida e retro traduzida após revisão e consenso da comissão de especialistas. Na fase pré-teste, verificou-se compreensão de todos os itens da versão pré-final por parte dos entrevistados e concordância entre os avaliadores >= 85% para cada item do instrumento, obtendo-se a versão final do interRAI-Home Care, traduzido e adaptado para o português, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. Conclui-se que a adaptação transcultural de um instrumento de avaliação multidimensional em assistência domiciliar foi realizada com verificação da validade de conteúdo e face dos itens do instrumento e elaboração da versão brasileira do interRAI-Home Care, em português brasileiro, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. Em etapas futuras, sugere-se a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar para viabilizar o seu uso e aplicabilidade prática em nosso meio / The accelerated population aging process is challenging for health care strategies development at different levels of complexity. In agreement with the integrality of care in home care, the interRAI-Home Care is an example of multidimensional assessment used in different countries in case and public health management and international cooperation for better solutions to health management. The culture and functioning of home care services can influence the process of cross-cultural adaptation and use of these instruments. This study aims to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of interRAI-Home Care for the Brazilian population and verify the content and face validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version in a home care service. Cross-cultural adaptation process stages were followed with translation, back translation, assessment of equivalence by an expert committee and pretesting with the pre-final version in a sample selected by convenience of 30 subjects (n = 30) registered and attended by the Núcleo de Assistência Domiciliar Interdisciplinar do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. The results shows that the procedures for cross-cultural adaptation were carried out with adjustments to ensure the equivalence of content of the original, translated and back translated versions after the committee experts review and consensus. Pretesting resulted in understanding of all items in the pre-final version by the interviewees and agreement between observers >= 85% for each item of the instrument thus obtaining the final version of interRAI-Home Care, translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. In conclusion, the cross-cultural adaptation of a home care multidimensional assessment instrument was performed with statement of content and face validity of the instrument items and development of brazilian interRAI-Home Care version, in Brazilian Portuguese, interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar. In future steps, we suggest the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the interRAI-Assistência Domiciliar to enable its use and practical applicability in home care in Brazil

Background: Maintaining independence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is crucial for older adults. This study explored the association between cognitive and functional performance in general and in single IADL domains. Also, risk factors for developing IADL impairment were assessed. Methods: Here, 3,215 patients aged 75–98 years were included. Data were collected during home visits. Results: Cognitive functioning was associated with IADL both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Regarding the single IADL domains cross-sectionally, executive functioning was especially associated with shopping, while episodic memory was associated with responsibility for own medication. Conclusion: Reduced performance in neuropsychological tests is associated with a greater risk of current and subsequent functional impairment. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Background: Maintaining independence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is crucial for older adults. This study explored the association between cognitive and functional performance in general and in single IADL domains. Also, risk factors for developing IADL impairment were assessed. Methods: Here, 3,215 patients aged 75–98 years were included. Data were collected during home visits. Results: Cognitive functioning was associated with IADL both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Regarding the single IADL domains cross-sectionally, executive functioning was especially associated with shopping, while episodic memory was associated with responsibility for own medication. Conclusion: Reduced performance in neuropsychological tests is associated with a greater risk of current and subsequent functional impairment.

No / Hospitals are under pressure to reduce waiting times and costs. One strategy that may be effective focuses on optimising the flow of emergency patients. We undertook a patient flow analysis of older emergency patients to identify and address delays in ensuring timely care, without additional resources. Prospective systems redesign study over 2 years. The Geriatric Medicine Directorate in an acute hospital (Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust) with 1920 beds. Older patients admitted as emergencies. Diagnostic patient flow analysis followed by a series of Plan Do Study Act cycles to test and implement changes by a multidisciplinary team using time series run charts. 60% of patients aged 75+ years arrived in the Emergency Department during office hours, but two-thirds of the admissions to GM wards were outside office hours highlighting a major delay. Three changes were undertaken to address this, Discharge to Assess, Seven Day Working and the establishment of a Frailty Unit. Average bed occupancy fell by 20.4 beds (95% confidence interval (CI) -39.6 to -1.2, P = 0.037) for similar demand. The risk of hospital mortality also fell by 2.25% (before 11.4% (95% CI 10.4-12.4%), after 9.15% (95% CI 7.6-10.7%) which equates to a number needed to treat of 45 and a 19.7% reduction in relative risk of mortality. The risk of re-admission remained unchanged. Redesigning the system of care for older emergency patients led to reductions in bed occupancy and mortality without affecting re-admission rates or requiring additional resources.