Esta pesquisa busca compreender as implicações da reestruturação da Guarda Municipal de Porto Alegre na produção de subjetividade de seus servidores e o impacto sobre a dinâmica saúde/sofrimento mental de seus trabalhadores. O trabalho foi tomado como eixo norteador, por sua centralidade na vida contemporânea. A posição adotada foi de depositar a ênfase nas vivências cotidianas e nos modos de ser dos trabalhadores, e não nos diagnósticos psicopatológicos. Com esta premissa, a condução da pesquisa foi fundamentada na abordagem da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, que centra a investigação na normalidade e não na patologia, procurando, reforçando os mecanismos de luta e resistência desenvolvidos pelos trabalhadores, que se traduzem nas estratégias defensivas. A metodologia em Psicodinâmica do Trabalho foi aplica strictu sensu, em suas etapas de desenvolvimento: formação de grupo de pesquisadores, prépesquisa, pesquisa com encontros em grupo, tratamento do material produzido e validação. O grupo de servidores, sobre o qual a pesquisa foi desenvolvida é o que se encontra mais exposto às mudanças que estão ocorrendo na Instituição, assumindo funções de maior visibilidade, risco e exposição. Há intensa mobilização psíquica entre os guardas, provocada pela peculiaridade do lugar que ocupam hoje na sociedade. Por um lado são pressionados pela população e pela gestão da Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre para adotarem uma postura ativa na segurança urbana, por outro lado são premidos pela limitação legal de suas atribuições. O cotidiano do guardas municipais é marcado por imprevistos, por uma extensa jornada de trabalho, pela ausência do prescrito e percebido como um trabalho sem produção concreta. O sofrimento provocado pelo trabalho é amortecido e contrabalanceado pela cooperação mútua, reconhecimento advindo de uma atuação com maior visibilidade e pelo uso da inteligência astuciosa. O atual período da Guarda Municipal é efetivamente um tempo de transição, interfere diretamente na organização do trabalho, na subjetividade e na saúde mental de seus servidores. Para a promoção da saúde mental destes trabalhadores seria importante incrementar os espaços institucionais de reflexão e discussão sobre o papel do guarda municipal hoje na sociedade. / This research quest to understand the implications of the reorganization of Municipal Guard of Porto Alegre in the production of subjectivity of its servers and the impact on the dynamic of mental health suffering of its workers. The work was taken as central axle, for its centrality in the life contemporary. The adopted position was to deposit the emphasis in the daily experiences and the ways of being of the workers, and not in the psychopathological diagnostics. With this premise, the conduction of the research was based on the boarding of the Psychodynamic of the Work that centers the inquiry in normality not in the pathology, strengthening the mechanisms of fight and resistance developed by the workers, translated the defensive strategies. The methodology in Psychodynamic of the Work was applies strictu sensu, in its stages of development: formation of group of researchers, initial research, research with meeting in group, treatment of the produced material and validation. The group of servers, on which the research was developed, is that who meets displayed more to the changes that are occurring in the Institution, assuming functions of bigger visibility, risk and exposition. It has intense psychic mobilization between the guards, provoked for the peculiarity of the place that occupy today in the society. By a side they are pressured by the population and the management of the Municipal City hall of Porto Alegre to adopt an active position in the urban security, by another side are pressured by the legal limitation of its attributions. The daily one of the municipal guards is marked by unexpected, for extensive hours of working, the absence of the perceived prescribed one and as a work without concrete production. The suffering provoked for the work is cushioned and balanced by the mutual cooperation, recognition happened of a performance with bigger visibility and for the use of creativity intelligence. The current period of Municipal Guard is effectively a transition time, intervenes directly with the organization of the work, the subjectivity and the mental health of its servers. For the promotion of the mental health of these workers it would be important to today develop the institutional spaces of reflection and quarrel on the paper of the municipal guard in the society.

[pt] Esta tese apresenta novos algoritmos para controle de admissão de usuários em redes móveis celulares. É utilizada a técnica de reserva de recursos, também conhecida por uso de canais de guarda, para atingir os graus de qualidade de serviço desejados para cada tipo de usuário. São propostos algoritmos dinâmicos, capazes de se adaptar ao perfil de tráfego presente na rede e que possuem diferentes filosofias de projeto. Inicialmente, foi considerado o caso de uma classe que resulta em dois tipos de usuários: chamadas novas e chamadas em handoff. Os algoritmos propostos são testados em condições de tráfego representadas por diversas distribuições para o tempo de permanência do usuário na célula. Foi desenvolvido um novo simulador em linguagem C que é capaz de verificar o desempenho dos algoritmos propostos. Resultados analíticos para desempenho dos algoritmos de uma classe e um número fixo de recursos reservados são apresentados empregando uma modelagem por Cadeia de Markov. Foi desenvolvido um método que permite calcular a intensidade de tráfego máxima a qual o sistema pode ser submetido, e a quantidade de recursos a ser reservada assumindo que o objetivo é maximizar a utilização do sistema atendendo os valores de qualidade de serviço estabelecidos, no caso de tempo de retenção do recurso de rádio modelado por uma chamada com distribuição exponencial. Foi proposto um algoritmo simples, dinâmico e distribuído, baseado em medidas em tempo real, cuja meta é acompanhar a curva ótima de número de recursos reservados. Posteriormente, os resultados analíticos empregando Cadeia de Markov são generalizados para M classes. Alguns dos algoritmos definidos para o caso de uma classe são estendidos para o caso de duas classes e seu desempenho é avaliado, utilizando o simulador desenvolvido neste trabalho. O método para calcular a intensidade máxima de recursos que o sistema comporta, sem violar os requisitos de qualidade de serviço, é estendido para o caso de duas classes. Finalmente, são definidos parâmetros que permitem comparar o desempenho dos algoritmos com 2M classes, considerando uma distribuição genérica para o tempo de permanência do usuário na célula. / [en] This thesis presents new algorithms for Channel Admission Control in wireless communications systems. We investigate techniques based in resource reservation, also known as guard channel, to achieve the quality of service desired for each class of users. We propose dynamic schemes based in the cell traffic. Each algorithm has a different goal, some try to minimize the probability of handoff fail, others try to maximize the traffic intensity when the limit imposed by QoS is being approached. First, we considered one class (M = 1) divided in two classes: new users and handoff users. In order to test the new schemes we developed a simulator in C that uses different distributions for the dwell-time. During the simulation, the measures of channel solicitations and the result of their allocation are used to decide whether new calls will be admitted. We also obtained analytic results using a Markov Chain model. We developed a method to calculate the maximum traffic intensity that the system supports without violating the established quality of service constraints, assuming one class of users and the dwell-time modelled by a exponential distribution. This method allows to identify the maximum traffic intensity supported by the system and also the exact number of resources to be reserved for each value of traffic intensity. We proposed a new, dynamic and distributed algorithm based on real time measures which targets to follow the optimum number of reserved curve obtained from our procedure. We generalized the analytic results using M-dimensional Markov Chains to 2M classes of users. Some of the algorithms defined to two classes (M = 1) were extended to the case of four classes (M = 2) and their performances are evaluated using the simulator developed in this work. The method to evaluate the maximum intensity of traffic within the limits of QoS is also extended to the case of four classes. Finally we define new parameters that allow the performance comparison among 2M class algorithms, considering any dwell- time distribution.

As most of the project management models were developed for larger projects, there is a lack of understanding of what project managers in short duration projects do. Short-duration projects are projects in multi-project environments lasting for a number of weeks rather than a number of months. Even if they are common today, short-duration projects have not yet attracted the interest of project researchers. The present study aims to analyze what the project managers in short duration projects do and to develop a method for studying the project managers at work. A theoretical framework is built on earlier studies of managers’ work, suggesting three areas having impact on the project manager’s work. The impacting areas are the project, the project manager’s experience, and the organizational context of the project. The project manager and the assisting project manager were studied while managing a sub-project in a greater telecom system project. The project managers were studied one week each using participant observation and interviews. The findings indicate that much of the time at work was spent in meetings of different kinds, to deal with change, and to guard the production teams from being disturbed by changes in the environment. It was also found that studying a multi-project environment from the sub-project’s perspective gives a different view on multi-project environments that have earlier been presented as the project managers in the short-duration project constantly have to adjust to changes, inputs and demands from the surrounding projects and functional organizations. In the end some proposals on directions for further studies of managers of short-duration projects are made.

Sur l’épiderme des feuilles des végétaux supérieurs, se trouvent des pores appelés stomates et composés de deux cellules spécialisées, les cellules de garde. La régulation des mouvements stomatiques en réponse aux signaux de l’environnement permet le contrôle des échanges gazeux de la plante avec l’atmosphère. Ces mouvements sont dus à des variations rapides de la turgescence des cellules de garde. Les H+-ATPases sont des pompes à protons situées sur la membrane plasmique des cellules des végétaux. En excrétant les ions H+ dans l’apoplasme, ces protéines génèrent une force protomotrice capable de fournir l’énergie nécessaire à l’activation de canaux et transporteurs ioniques membranaires. Ce processus permet de contrôler la turgescence des cellules de garde. Des analyses d’expression nous ont permis d’identifier les trois isoformes d’H+-ATPases, AHA1, AHA2 et AHA5, exprimées dans la cellule de garde. Des études in silico nous ont révélé qu’en dépit d’une forte proximité génétique, ces trois protéines semblent être impliquées dans des voies de signalisation différentes. La caractérisation phénotypique d’une collection de mutants affectés dans l’expression de chacune des isoformes nous a permis de mettre en évidence qu’AHA1 est l’H+-ATPase spécifique de la réponse stomatique à la lumière bleue et que la perte d’expression de cette isoforme confère à la plante une croissance plus faible et une meilleure tolérance à la sécheresse que le sauvage. Enfin, nous avons confirmé par des études d’électrophysiologie et par l’élaboration de sondes fluorescentes pH-sensibles l’implication directe d’AHA1 dans la voie de signalisation de la lumière bleue dans la cellule de garde. / Stomata are pores laocated on high plant leaf epidermis and formed by two specialized guard cells. Stomatal movement regulation in response to environment allows the control plant-atmosphere gas exchanges. Stomatal movements are ruled by rapid turgor changes in guard cells. H+-ATPases are proton pomps expressed on plant cell plasma membrane. By extruding H+ in the apoplast, these proteins generate a protomotive force able to activate secondary ionic transporters and channels. This process leads to changes in ion homeostasy and in fine to turgor changes in the guard cell. Expression analyses allowed us to identify the three AHAs isoforms expressed in the guard cell : AHA1, AHA2 and AHA5. In silico study indicates that despite the high identity percentage between the three proteins, they seem involved in differents signalisation pathways. Phenotypic characterization of mutants impaired in the expression of each AHAs allowed us to conclude that AHA1 is specific for the blue light stomatal response. Furthermore, the lack of AHA1 leads to a lower growth and a better tolerance to drought stress of aha1 mutant compare to the wild type. Sugar metabolism studies in aha1 mutant gave us informations on the compensatory mecanism for stomatal opening in this mutant. Finally, we confirmed by electrophisiologcal studies and by fluorescent pH sensitive probes elaboration, the specific involvement of AHA1 in blue light signalisation pathway in the guard cell.

This diploma thesis “Tubular Skid Holder of Skoda Fabia Super 2000 Rally Car” is aimed to engineering design of tubular skid holder of rally car Skoda Fabia Super 2000. There is used FEM software for analysis s evaluation of current variant and following variants of engineering design. The most relevant final variant design, which is consistent with asked stiffness and reduction of weight, was chosen based on findings.

Across deployment cycles, individuals negotiate family roles to accommodate the absence then re-entry of service members. There is scant empirical evidence about the processes through which roles are reorganized. Guided by the family resilience framework (Walsh, 2016) and the model of military marriage (Karney & Crown, 2007), I hypothesized that communication would be a mechanism through which couples negotiated roles during reintegration. Couple communication was conceptualized as occurring over two distinct but related temporal rhythms: established communication patterns and daily communication strategies. I expected that couples’ Time 1 (T1) established communication patterns (problem solving and withdrawal) would predict role negotiations at Time 3 (T3), and that these associations would be mediated by daily communication strategies at Time 2 (T2). 54 heterosexual National Guard couples were interviewed at three times across eight months after service members’ return from deployment. T1 and T3 were in-person interviews and measured participants’ established patterns of family life, including established communication patterns and ease in role negotiations. T2 was a four-day data “burst” and captured couples’ daily behaviors such as competence with daily communication strategies. Path analyses indicated that T1 problem solving (an established pattern) predicted service members’ more competent T2 daily communication and easier T3 role negotiations. While no indirect associations emerged for either partner, significant others’ T2 more competent daily communication strategies predicted easier T3 role negotiations for both partners. Results suggest that problem solving and competent daily communication strategies contribute to resilient family functioning during reintegration. This study highlights the viability and importance of adopting multiple temporal rhythms to examine processes across couple transitions.

A fire guard/rescuer vocation means to fight fire and to rescue human lives on daily basis. It is physically and mentally a very demanding job which impose excessive requirements on firemen/rescuers, especially during interventions at tragic events. In my thesis, I tried to realize fire guards'/rescuers' attitude to their job from the ethic side, especially how they perceive following ethic standards during their interventions. I am describing ethic dilemma in this occupation, firemen's attitude to this issue and their experience as well. In the theoretical part of my thesis I am introducing a summary of expert opinions on general apprehension of ethic and moral requirements, on the value system, on the stress incidence in a human life and on the need of psychological support. These all things compared to the professional fire guards'/rescuers' activities. The practical part is presented by the qualitative research where interviews with fire guards/rescuers and their commanders represent experiences and opinions of both groups on this issue. Key words: ethics, dilemma, fire guard/rescuer, values, psychological support, stress.

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