Essa dissertação tem por objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma para testes de controladores de voo. Tal plataforma consiste em um hardware executando algoritmos de controle e atuando numa aeronave simulada em software de simulação de voo. O software de simulação escolhido, baseado na experiência prática de pilotos profissionais, foi o Microsoft Flight Simulator (MSFS), para o qual desenvolveu-se o modelo gráfico e dinâmico do quadricóptero AscTec Pelican. A comunicação entre o MSFS e o hardware é feita pela interface USB através do software FVMS v2.0 desenvolvido em ambiente DELPHI® 7.0 exclusivamente para este trabalho. O FVMS é capaz de ler o estado das variáveis de voo no MSFS, enviá-las para o hardware externo executar o controle, receber os sinais de controle de volta e utilizá-los no MSFS. O projeto e execução do hardware externo com controlador dsPIC também foi realizado neste mesmo trabalho. A título de avaliação de desempenho, também foi implementado um controlador robusto do tipo H∞ linear, desenvolvido pela equipe ART (Aerial Robots Team) da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos. O mesmo controlador também foi aplicado na arquitetura software in the loop, na qual o controle é executado dentro do próprio FVMS, para comparação de desempenho entre os dois sistemas. Ao término do trabalho, as características de desempenho do sistema como um todo ficam bem evidenciadas através dos testes de estabilidade com e sem distúrbios executados em ambas arquiteturas de controle. / This dissertation aims to develop a platform for flight controllers tests. It platform consists of an electronic hardware where the control\'s algorithms will be executed and a virtual aircraft is simulated in flight simulation software. The chosen simulation software, based on practical experience of professional pilots, was Microsoft Flight Simulator (MSFS). The graphic and dynamic model of quadrotor AscTec Pelican was developed to perform inside the software. The communication between the MSFS and the hardware is made by USB interface through FVMS v2.0 software developed in DELPHI® 7.0 environment, exclusively for this work. The FVMS can read the status of the flight variables in MSFS, send them to the external hardware, receive control signals back and write them in MSFS. The design and implementation of external hardware with dsPIC controller was also developed ons ame work. For performance evaluation of the system, it was also implemented a robust linear H∞ controller, developed by ART team (Aerial Robots Team) of the School of Engineering of São Carlos. The same controller was also applied using software in the loop architecture, in which the control is performed inside FVMS, to compare performance between the two architectures. In the end of the work, the performance characteristics of the systems were well evidenced by the stability tests carried out with and without disturbances in both control architectures.

Este trabalho apresenta o projeto de dois controladores robustos, baseados no critério H∞ não linear, para o acompanhamento de trajetória de robôs móveis com rodas (RMRs). Estes controladores estabilizam o sistema em malha fechada e garantem que a norma L2 induzida entre os sinais de entrada (distúrbios) e saída seja limitada por um nível de atenuação &#947 > 0. Para o projeto, as equações dinâmicas não lineares do robô são descritas na forma quase linear a parâmetros variantes (quase-LPV), sendo os parâmetros parte do estado. Os controladores são resolvidos via desigualdades matriciais lineares (DMLs) e equações algébricas de Ricatti (EAR). Resultados em simulação com um estudo comparativo entre essas duas estratégias de controle e um controlador proporcional derivativo (PD) em conjunto com um controlador do tipo torque calculado são apresentados. Além disso, a implementação de dois métodos de localização de RMRs através de imagens é realizada. / This work presents the design of two robust controllers, based on nonlinear H∞ approach, for tracking trajectory of wheeled mobile robots (WMRs). These controllers stabilize the close-loop system and guarantee that induced L2 norm between input (disturbances) and output signals be bounded by an attenuation level &#947 > 0. For the design, the nonlinear dynamic equations of the robot are described in quasi linear parameter varying (quasi-LPV) form being the parameters part of the states. The controllers are solved via linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and algebraic Riccati equation (ARE). Simulation results with a comparison study among these two control strategies and a proportional-derivative (PD) controller plus calculated torque are presented. Moreover, implementation of two methods of localization of WMRs based on images is accomplished.

Today’s fashion trends come and go with lightning speed creating a system that embodies unsustainability and consumerism, at the same time an increasing environmental consciousness is putting pressures on companies to operate in a more sustainable way, without losing profits. This study examines how fast fashion giant H&M communicates about corporate social responsibility (CSR) – specifically in their press releases, and how they portrait themselves as a sustainable company. A qualitative rhetorical analysis was conducted on H&M:s press releases between 2016 – 2018, applying Weber’s theory of legitimacy as well as Putnam’s theory of social capital. The results show that H&M frequently reinforces their own legitimacy and ethos in sustainability issues by “borrowing” other organizations credibility through cooperation with environment-focused NGO:s. As well as distancing themselves from their suppliers when problems arise in the supply chain, denying any responsibility.

Este trabalho apresenta o projeto de dois controladores robustos, baseados no critério H∞ não linear, para o acompanhamento de trajetória de robôs móveis com rodas (RMRs). Estes controladores estabilizam o sistema em malha fechada e garantem que a norma L2 induzida entre os sinais de entrada (distúrbios) e saída seja limitada por um nível de atenuação &#947 > 0. Para o projeto, as equações dinâmicas não lineares do robô são descritas na forma quase linear a parâmetros variantes (quase-LPV), sendo os parâmetros parte do estado. Os controladores são resolvidos via desigualdades matriciais lineares (DMLs) e equações algébricas de Ricatti (EAR). Resultados em simulação com um estudo comparativo entre essas duas estratégias de controle e um controlador proporcional derivativo (PD) em conjunto com um controlador do tipo torque calculado são apresentados. Além disso, a implementação de dois métodos de localização de RMRs através de imagens é realizada. / This work presents the design of two robust controllers, based on nonlinear H∞ approach, for tracking trajectory of wheeled mobile robots (WMRs). These controllers stabilize the close-loop system and guarantee that induced L2 norm between input (disturbances) and output signals be bounded by an attenuation level &#947 > 0. For the design, the nonlinear dynamic equations of the robot are described in quasi linear parameter varying (quasi-LPV) form being the parameters part of the states. The controllers are solved via linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and algebraic Riccati equation (ARE). Simulation results with a comparison study among these two control strategies and a proportional-derivative (PD) controller plus calculated torque are presented. Moreover, implementation of two methods of localization of WMRs based on images is accomplished.

Essa dissertação tem por objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma para testes de controladores de voo. Tal plataforma consiste em um hardware executando algoritmos de controle e atuando numa aeronave simulada em software de simulação de voo. O software de simulação escolhido, baseado na experiência prática de pilotos profissionais, foi o Microsoft Flight Simulator (MSFS), para o qual desenvolveu-se o modelo gráfico e dinâmico do quadricóptero AscTec Pelican. A comunicação entre o MSFS e o hardware é feita pela interface USB através do software FVMS v2.0 desenvolvido em ambiente DELPHI® 7.0 exclusivamente para este trabalho. O FVMS é capaz de ler o estado das variáveis de voo no MSFS, enviá-las para o hardware externo executar o controle, receber os sinais de controle de volta e utilizá-los no MSFS. O projeto e execução do hardware externo com controlador dsPIC também foi realizado neste mesmo trabalho. A título de avaliação de desempenho, também foi implementado um controlador robusto do tipo H∞ linear, desenvolvido pela equipe ART (Aerial Robots Team) da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos. O mesmo controlador também foi aplicado na arquitetura software in the loop, na qual o controle é executado dentro do próprio FVMS, para comparação de desempenho entre os dois sistemas. Ao término do trabalho, as características de desempenho do sistema como um todo ficam bem evidenciadas através dos testes de estabilidade com e sem distúrbios executados em ambas arquiteturas de controle. / This dissertation aims to develop a platform for flight controllers tests. It platform consists of an electronic hardware where the control\'s algorithms will be executed and a virtual aircraft is simulated in flight simulation software. The chosen simulation software, based on practical experience of professional pilots, was Microsoft Flight Simulator (MSFS). The graphic and dynamic model of quadrotor AscTec Pelican was developed to perform inside the software. The communication between the MSFS and the hardware is made by USB interface through FVMS v2.0 software developed in DELPHI® 7.0 environment, exclusively for this work. The FVMS can read the status of the flight variables in MSFS, send them to the external hardware, receive control signals back and write them in MSFS. The design and implementation of external hardware with dsPIC controller was also developed ons ame work. For performance evaluation of the system, it was also implemented a robust linear H∞ controller, developed by ART team (Aerial Robots Team) of the School of Engineering of São Carlos. The same controller was also applied using software in the loop architecture, in which the control is performed inside FVMS, to compare performance between the two architectures. In the end of the work, the performance characteristics of the systems were well evidenced by the stability tests carried out with and without disturbances in both control architectures.

Denna studie är skapad för Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapliga programmet på Karlstad Universitet. Uppsatsen skriven på B-nivå, det vill säga 7,5 högskolepoäng. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka och fylla kunskapsluckan kring hur, ur genus- och feministiskt perspektiv, kvinnokroppen framställs av varumärket H&M på kanalen Instagram. Frågeställningen som skapades utifrån dessa premisser blev därmed “På vilket sätt, ur ett genus- och feministiskt perspektiv, porträtterades kvinnokroppen i bilder på H&Ms Instagram under 2019?”. För att undersöka denna frågeställning valdes metoden kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Denna metod frambringar generaliserbara resultat som går att applicera på samtliga enheter i populationen. Materialet som används för denna studie består av 100 analysenheter i form av Instagraminlägg, tagna från H&Ms Instagram den 11 maj 2020. Dessa 100 analysenheter har erhållits genom slumpmässigt obundet urval, där populationen bestod av samtliga inlägg H&M publicerat, under perioden 2019. Kraven för bilderna var att de innehöll minst en kvinna. I de analysenheter som innehöll flera kvinnor analyserades kvinnan placerad längst till vänster. Genom studien visade resultaten att kvinnor genom flertalet undersökta variabler och applicerade feministiska och genusperspektiv, porträtterade kvinnokroppen som undergiven samt objektifierad. En handfull resultat visade på motsatsen, där resultaten antingen talade för motsatsen eller för en mer neutral porträttering. Slutsatsen drogs att kvinnokroppen i H&Ms Instagram under 2019 porträtteras som undergiven och objektifierad, då övervägande resultat pekade på detta. / This study was written at the Media and Communication Studies program at Karlstad University. The thesis is written at B-level, which constitutes 7,5 HP. The purpose of this study is to explore and fill the scientific knowledge gap surrounding the way the female body is portrayed on H&M’s Instagram from a feminist and gender perspective. The research question originated from these premises and is consequently phrased “In which way, from a feminist and gender perspective, was the female body portrayed on H&Ms Instagram during 2019?”. The method quantitative content analysis was chosen to investigate and examine the question at hand. Using this method will enable the possibility to generalize the results and apply them to all units of the chosen population. The material used in this study consists of 100 units in the form of Instagram posts, extracted May 11th, 2020. All 100 units were obtained through the selection method simple random sample (SRS), in which the population consisted of all H&Ms published posts, without exception, during the period of 2019. The requirements to become an analytical unit, was for the image to portray at least one woman. In the units where several women were portrayed, the woman placed furthest to the left was examined. The study showed, through several variables together with the theoretical framework, that the female body is portrayed as an object and furthermore as submissive. A handful of the results argued against this statement, where the results either showed on the contrary or a neutral position of power. The predominant results showed that H&M’s Instagram, during 2019, are objectifying the female body and putting it in a submissive position.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:35:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amauri Shossei Kudaka.pdf: 14809012 bytes, checksum: 1dc60260bb5dcd12adfa496880fb2a7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / High cadence solar observations in infrared and H-α are important tools for the study of active regions during solar flaring events. The acquisition and analysis of these observational data associated with information in other frequency bands, can be helpful in the study of emission mechanisms during solar flares. Recently it was installed at the Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, the Mackenzie Solar Observatory, with the objective to provide research opportunities in Solar Physics. Experimental tests carried out in the Observatory should provide advances in instrumentation, assembly and procedures to be implemented and operated in collaboration with others observatories, for solar observations from ground and space. In this work, the physical structure of the Solar Observatory Mackenzie is described in details.Operating procedures of instruments and data acquisition are proposed, as well as the systematization of simultaneous observations at infrared and H-α. Despite the short time of operation, records of some solar events have already been obtained. / Observações solares em infravermelho e H-α, em alta cadência, são importantes ferramentas para o estudo de regiões ativas durante eventos solares explosivos. A obtenção e a análise destes dados observacionais, associados com informações em outras faixas do espectro, podem auxiliar no estudo dos mecanismos de emissão durante explosões solares. Recentemente foi instalado na Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, o Observatório Solar Mackenzie, com o objetivo de fornecer oportunidades de pesquisa na área de Física Solar. Ensaios experimentais realizados no Observatório deverão proporcionar avanços na instrumentação, montagem e procedimentos a serem implementados e operados em colaboração com outros observatórios, para observações solares a partir do solo e do espaço. Neste trabalho, a estrutura física do Observatório Solar Mackenzie é descrita em detalhes. Procedimentos de operação dos instrumentos e de aquisição de dados são propostos, bem como a sistematização das observações simultâneas em infravermelho e H-α. Apesar do pouco tempo de operação, registros de vários eventos solares já foram obtidos.

Today we live in an advertised-oriented society and we are constantly exposed to commercialized messages. Most advertising is based on stereotypical portraits of humans. And something that has attracted attention during the last decade is the one-sided representation that appears in these advertisements. This matter has been particularly relevant during the last decade with the emergence of significant societal phenomena and the questioning of power relations in society. Among these, Black Lives Matter, Metoo, and the Body Positivity-movement. This study aims to investigate what stereotypes can be identified in H&Ms advertisement and if these have changed over the last two decades. The theoretic framework consists of representation, the designation of ethnicity, stereotypes, and corporate social responsibility. Semiotic image analysis has been used as the method, and from this tool such as denotation, connotation, and body rhetoric have been implemented for the execution of the analysis. The result that emerged from the analysis showed that the gender stereotypes have changed over the studied years, as well as the amount of diversity of the objects portrayed in H&Ms advertising. The diversity that holds the most significant change is that people of color are more prominent in the later ads. When it comes to diversity in body types and plus-size models a decrease can be identified. Furthermore, the results also left us questioning if it is successful for companies to include diversity and implement the current trends in society in their advertisement

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine diverse marketing strategies used by Western and Eastern European originated fashion brands based on H&M and Reserved cases as well as which of them are the most appealing to Polish students. Additional aspect of the diploma is to research if there are some evident differences or similarities in implementing these tactics. Method: The study implemented both qualitative and quantitative research. Data collection was based on two types of data, secondary and the primary one. The secondary data was derived from fashion marketing literature, scholar articles and fashion blogs. The primary data included a semi- structured interview with Reserved's assistant marketing manager and questionnaires provided to Polish students. Subsequently, systematic combining was applied, that can be described as nonlinear process of matching theory and reality. Conclusion: Fashion marketing tools implemented in both companies can be assessed as quite similar with no evident difference, yet they differ from each other in certain aspects. In both cases advertising and sales promotion are the most employed tactics. Both companies are seen as international ones, though H&M seems to follow more fashion oriented approach engaging in fashion shows or providing their customers with their own glossy magazine. The study also revealed that advertising activities and sales promotion seem to be the most appealing marketing techniques for the respondents. In addition social media proved to be an essential element to build a connection with consumers. However, this communication channel is often neglected or not utilized to its' full potential.