Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-02-02T10:10:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Emerson Martins - 2016.pdf: 6051788 bytes, checksum: ad7f3667f902b46edef5c847c0c9cca7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-02-02T10:12:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Emerson Martins - 2016.pdf: 6051788 bytes, checksum: ad7f3667f902b46edef5c847c0c9cca7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-02T10:12:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Emerson Martins - 2016.pdf: 6051788 bytes, checksum: ad7f3667f902b46edef5c847c0c9cca7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-05 / The work presented here - “Road BR-070: an reading of modernization and spatial goiana subtitles and motorcycle grossense. - ” aims to evaluate the road in the several social and economic situations it passed through since its imperial path condition, as corridor of gold flow and slave manpower, until the process of agricultural expansion of the country, with the implantation and modernization of the road network for the integration of regions from the states of Goiás and Mato Grosso with the national economy through the construction of Brasília and creation of programs and plans of investment in transportation infrastructure. Thus, we seek to understand the importance of the road in the paths network and in the road network built to link the interior of the country to areas of economic dynamism and ports. The problem that guided the reflections is: why a road with so important uses, a radial type, which connects Brasilia-DF to Cáceres-MT, still remains, in some stretches, with a infrastructure that remembers the paths of old times? The theoretical assumption to answer the problem raised is: the latitudinal spatialization of the BR-070 road does not achieve the role of integration and does not lead to the occupation and exploration of the country interior. The road roams great opaque stretches, without technical density, which the economic potential does not interest the hegemonic actors of capital and political from Goiás and Mato Grosso. The direction of occupation and exploration in course to the interior of Brasil is given for perpendicular roads to its axis, which pass through illuminated spaces of great technical density. Results from the analysis of the BR-070 road, an unfinished road, that shows distinct landscapes, which increase stagnant spaces. The proposal of methodology that guided the research was based in qualitative and quantitative results, with uses of several types of sources and resources to implement it. / O trabalho que ora se apresenta – “Rodovia BR-070: uma leitura da modernização e das legendas espaciais goiana e moto-grossense.” – objetiva avaliar a rodovia nas diversas situações socioeconômicas pelas quais passou, desde sua condição de caminho imperial, como corredor de escoamento do ouro e da mão de obra escrava, até o processo de expansão agrícola do país, com a implantação e a modernização da rede rodoviária para a integração das regiões goianas e mato-grossenses à economia nacional por meio da construção de Brasília e da criação de programas e planos de investimento em infraestrutura de transporte. Assim, buscamos entender qual a importância da rodovia na rede de caminhos e na rede rodoviária construída para ligar o interior do país às áreas de dinamismo econômico e portuário. O problema que guiou as reflexões é: por que uma rodovia com usos tão importantes, tida como radial, que liga Brasília-DF à Cáceres-MT, ainda permanece, em alguns trechos, com infraestrutura que lembra os tempos de caminhos antigos? O pressuposto teórico explicativo para responder ao problema levantado é: a espacialização latitudinal da rodovia BR-070 não cumpre o papel de integração e não leva à ocupação, à exploração do interior do país. Ela percorre grandes trechos opacos, sem densidade técnica, cujo potencial econômico não interessa aos atores hegemônicos do capital e da política goiana e mato-grossense. A direção de ocupação e a exploração rumo ao interior do Brasil se dá por rodovias perpendiculares ao seu eixo, que atravessam espaços luminosos de grande densidade técnica. Resulta disso, em se tratando da análise da BR-070, uma rodovia inacabada, que exibe paisagens distintas, que incrementa espaços estagnados. A proposta de metodologia que norteou a pesquisa fundamentou-se em resultados qualitativos e quantitativos, com usos de vários tipos de fontes e recursos para implementá-la.

After sixteen intensive months, I quit my employed position as a security guard at a local hospital. By drawing on my autoethnographic experiences in the form of “ethnographic fiction writing”, as well as eight interviews with my former male colleagues, I explore how the guards’ constructions of masculinity intersect with their security assessment and subsequent application of force, chemical incarceration, and other coercive security tactics on involuntarily-committed mental health patients. The narratives are framed by the available literature on gender and masculinity within the security, police, prison and military institutions, as well as the theoretical notions of gendered institutions (Acker), hegemonic masculinity (Connell & Messerschmidt), doing gender (West & Zimmerman), and Dave Holmes’s application of Foucauldian biopolitical power to forensic healthcare settings. These concepts are used in tandem with a creative methodological tool to reveal the “messy”, “bloody” and “gendered” ways in which hospital life unfolds between the guard, the nurse, and the patient prisoner. By escaping more traditional forms of academic writing, I am able to weave raw, sensitive and reflexive thoughts and emotions into the research design and analysis. The analysis is divided into two narratives: “Us” and “Them”. “Us” emphasizes the gendered ways in which the hospital guard learns, reproduces, resists, lives up, or fails to live up to the masculine codes of the profession. Here, the guard must confront cultural demands to demonstrate physical prowess, authority and heroism during a patient battle. “Them” explores how hegemonic masculinity shapes the hierarchical and coercive relations between the guard, the nurse, and the patient, and reinforces psychiatrized discourses that promote punishment, pain, bureaucracy and control. Overall, these findings call for the abolition of physical restraint, chemical incarceration and other coercive security measures within our healthcare institutions, and encourage future research to give voice to the lived experiences of women guards and security management teams.

In many countries there are several political parties in power. In some of them, however, one party is in a position of hegemony. Other political parties are prevented to exercise their real power and often act only as a parties creating an illusion of democracy in a state where it does not exist. The present thesis deals with the hegemonic party systems in terms of their origin and subsequent transition. The thesis is based on the hypothesis that changing the rules of the hegemonic party will lead it to lose its status and power. As a case study of the hegemonic party regimes serves political system in Mexico, Mozambique and Cambodia. The first chapter defines the notion of a political party, party systems theory and transition mode. The second chapter deals with the hegemonic party systems. The third chapter deals with the case of Mexico and its system of hegemonic party. Findings refute the validity of the above hypothesis, since in many countries, even after the successful completion of the transition, earlier hegemonic parties maintain their power and their electoral support is high.

In previous studies, male sex buyers have been interviewed about their motives for buyingsex. Desire for power, control, realization of fantasies and the desire for mutual closenesshave been stated as driving forces. How these ideas are expressed in their proper context, inthe relationship with women in prostitution, seems to be largely lacking in research. Thepurpose of this study is to explore how heterosexual male sex buyers in Sweden communicatewith women in prostitution via chats published on the Instagram page #shittorskarsays3.0.How do they present themselves? What strategies do they use to get what they want? How dothey legitimize their actions for themselves? Using the perspective Response BasedApproach, the theory of hegemonic masculinity and the concept of space and thematicmethod, this study shows the following conclusions: Men present themselves according todifferent masculinity ideals such as aggression, control, power, virility and ideas about how agood man should be. The strategies men use to get their way are manipulation, threats andmental degradation. To legitimize their actions, they project their thoughts on the woman, askif she is doing it by free will and then choose not to listen to the answer.

This thesis focuses on the topic of single-parent family, because this type of family, which are led only by one parent, is very relevant to our present social situation. In the context of current demographic trends related to the transformation of society in the perception of family and partner relationships, it can be assumed that their number will be continue to grow. Specifically this thesis is focused on single fathers, although many studies speaks of a certain percentage of single fathers in the Czech Republic, research on this topic has been carried out only a few times so far. For the most part, a woman is at the forefront of "incomplete" families. Single-parent family is perceived as a highly gendered experience, which is primarily related to women. The aim of this work was to find out what the experience of single parent looks like in the case of single fathers. This premise of this thesis is to explore what reasons have the fathers to choose to be single parents, what this type of commitment means for men, how they sign on their everyday life and especially how this type of primary care relates to the concept of hegemonic masculinity. Gender perspective thus provides a comprehensive insight into single-parent family and presents the perspective of the fathers themselves. For this purpose...

Combatting human trafficking is one of the top priorities in the European Union and Europol. Nonetheless, Europe is one of worlds’ leading regions for most trafficked human beings. Human trafficking is often connected to organised crime such as drug trafficking, cybercrime and child pornography and occurs across borders. 21st century’s digital age has broadly shifted human trafficking from the real-life to the cyberspace. However, human trafficking is not mentioned in any EU cybersecurity policies. This thesis aims to explore, using a feminist security approach, why human trafficking is overlooked in the European Union cybersecurity. By conducting an interpretive content analysis and using the method of deconstruction, I investigated the silences of human trafficking and gender. Leaning on feminist theories of securitisation, hegemonic masculinity and poststructural feminism, three significant assumptions were identified. The first assumption was that human trafficking is overlooked in the EU cybersecurity because of the non-human referent object of security. The second was that it is overlooked because of hegemonic masculinity. And lastly, because the issue is seen as private and therefore do not belong to cybersecurity. By analysing EU cybersecurity policies, I identified that the EU cybersecurity is dominated by norms of hegemonic masculinity and gendered social hierarchies. In the EU cybersecurity, threats related to non-human objects are constructed and gain hegemony over human rights and social policies. This study has raised important questions about the nature of cybersecurity in the EU, and greater efforts are needed to ensure women’s security in the cyberspace. These results suggest that if the EU aims to combat human trafficking wholehearted, it needs to start with acknowledging human trafficking as a threat in the cyberspace.

Uppsatsen är en litteraturvetenskaplig studie av makt och maskuliniteter i Madeline Millers roman Circe (2018). Syftet med uppsatsen är “att granska maktförhållanden mellan män och kvinnor, men också mellan individer av samma kön” samt “hur Miller skildrar Kirkes relation till olika män för att utreda hur patriarkala hierarkier upprätthålls, men också hur den traditionella strukturen utmanas av nya föreställningar om kön, genus och sexualitet”. Uppsatsen utgår från fem nyckelscener i romanen som på skilda sätt belyser Kirkes möten med, och relation till, olika slags män och maskuliniteter. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten är R.W Connells – och James W. Messerschmidts vidareutveckling av – begreppet “hegemonisk maskulinitet”, men analysen relateras också till tidigare forskning om Kirke-gestalten samt till forskning om den populära kärleksromanen. I uppsatsen framgår att Kirke är underordnad en patriarkal maktstruktur, men att hon – genom att efterlikna den överordnade maskulinitetens brutala metoder – är tillräckligt stark för att utmana det patriarkala systemet. Trots det väljer Kirke den privata lyckan med en man som respekterar henne framför att krossa patriarkatet. I helhet visar dock uppsatsen att kvinnan är tillräckligt stark för att förändra samhället om hon vill.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka vad forskningen säger om mäns positioner i socialt arbete samt hur genus påverkar yrkesutövningen. Studiens metod är en allmän litteraturöversikt och dess empiriska material består av elva vetenskapliga artiklar. Empirin analyseras genom en tematisk analys som följs av ett fördjupat teoretiskt resonemang kring resultaten. Den teoretiska grunden för studien är Connells teori om hegemonisk maskulinitet. I den tematiska analysen identifieras två huvudteman samt flera underteman. Det första huvudtemat är utövande av maskulinitet, där undertemana reproducering eller utmanande av hegemonisk maskulinitet samt vertikala eller horisontella karriärvägar identifierades. Det andra huvudtemat är särbehandling med undertemana positiv eller negativ särbehandling. Studien redogör för vad forskningen säger om de positioner män tar inom socialt arbete, hur de orienterar sig och förhandlar mellan traditionellt maskulina normer och yrkesrollen, samt hur de blir bemötta av andra inom yrket. Studiens resultat diskuteras sedan kritiskt i förhållande till teorin om hegemonisk maskulinitet. Studien bidrar till forskningen om män inom det sociala arbetet och män i kvinnodominerade yrken. / The purpose of this study is to examine what the research says about men’s positions in the social work profession, as well as how gender affects the professional practice. The method used is a general literature review and the study´s empirical material consists of eleven scientific articles. A thematic analysis is used to analyze the empirical material which is then followed by a deepened theoretical reasoning. The theoretical foundation of the study is Connell's theory of hegemonic masculinity. In the thematic analysis, two main themes are identified as well as several sub-themes. The first main theme is practicing masculinity, including the sub-themes reproducing or challenging hegemonic masculinity as well as vertical or horizontal career paths. The second main theme is special treatment which includes the sub-themes positive or negative special treatment. The study accounts for what the research says about the positions men take within the social work profession, how they orient themselves and negotiate between traditional masculine norms and their profession, as well as how they are treated by others within the profession. The results are then critically discussed in relation to the theory of hegemonic masculinity. This study contributes to the research on men in social work and men within female-dominated professions.

Tidigare forskning har främst belyst incels i relation till våld och radikalisering. Förhållandevis lite akademisk uppmärksamhet har tillägnats det som kan förstås som kärnan av incelgemenskapen; avsaknaden av intima relationer. Följande studie ämnar fylla detta tomrum genom att undersöka incels föreställningar om maskulinitet och intima relationer, samt hur de kan förstås i relation till teoretiska perspektiv på maskulinitet och sexualitet. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod med en socialkonstruktivistisk forskningsansats. Materialinsamlingen har skett i form av ett tidsbaserat urval där skrivna inlägg från de tre internationellt största diskussionsforumen för incels inhämtades, vid tre olika tillfällen. Alla foruminlägg som publicerades inom en specifik timme inkluderades i urvalet. Empirin bearbetades med en induktiv konventionell innehållsanalys. De teoretiska perspektiven utgår från hegemonisk maskulinitet, och en utveckling av Bourdieus begrepp om fysiskt kapital. Erotiskt kapital användes som kompletterande teoretiskt begrepp. De övergripande resultaten visar att många av personerna på incelforumen förhåller sig till två föreställda strukturer inom vilka intima relationer antas uppstå. Den ena strukturen utgår från en föreställd maskulinitetshierarki där endast män med hegemonisk status antas kunna inleda intima relationer med kvinnor. Den andra strukturen består av en föreställd sexuell marknad där medlemmarna menar att kvinnor strävar efter att inleda relationer med attraktiva och framgångsrika män. Personerna på incelforumen försöker utveckla och etablera strategier för att uppnå en överordnad position i maskulinitetshierarkin och på den sexuella marknaden. Syftet med att avancera inom hierarkierna utgår från en föreställning om att endast en överordnad position kan möjliggöra intima relationer. / Previous research has placed incels in relation to violence and radicalization. Relatively little academic attention has been paid to what can be seen as the essence of the community; the lack of intimate relationships. The following study aims to close this gap by exploring how incels view masculinity and intimate relationships, and how this view relates to theoretical perspectives on sexuality and masculinity. This study is based on a qualitative method with a social constructivist approach. Data was collected in the form of a time-based sample where written posts from the three largest international forums for incels were collected on three different occasions. At each occasion all forum posts that were created or updated within a chosen specific hour were included in the sample. The material was processed using an inductive conventional content analysis. The theoretical perspective is based on hegemonic masculinity, and a development of Bourdieu's concept of physical capital. Erotic capital was used as a complementary theoretical concept. The overall results show that people on the incel forums relate to two imagined structures within which intimate relationships are assumed to arise. One structure is based on an imagined masculinity hierarchy where only men with hegemonic status are assumed to be able to initiate intimate relationships with women. The second structure consists of an imagined sexual market where forum members believe that women strive to initiate relationships with attractive and successful men. The people on the incel forums try to develop and establish strategies to achieve a superior position in the masculinity hierarchy and on the sexual market. The purpose of advancing within the hierarchies is based on the notion that only a superior position can enable intimate relationships.

Incels designate a group of men who live in a state of involuntary celibacy due to their,according to them, appearance wise disadvantage in comparison to the ideal man. In recentyears a number of deadly violent attacks have been carried out by incels for the incel cause,whereupon the incel phenomenon has received increasing attention. The aim of this study isto analyze the worldview of incels, and how an online-climate that's characterized byglorification of violence and hatred against women in the worst case can motivate individualincels to commit violent attacks. Netnography is the method of choice in this study and hasbeen used to collect material from the biggest incel forum at the moment; incels.is. Aqualitative content analysis was applied on the material to code it. The results identified astrong community that’s been formed around the incels alternative perception of the world,which encourages violence, misogyny and anti-feminist views and opinions. / Incel, en sammanskrivning av engelskans involuntary och celibate, är en benämning på demän som lever i ofrivilligt celibat till följd av vad de anser ett utseendemässigt underlägejämfört med idealmannen. Under de senaste åren har incels begått ett antal dödligavåldsattacker varpå fenomenet blivit allt mer uppmärksammat. Syftet med studien är attundersöka den världsbild incels besitter, samt hur det våldsglorifierande ochkvinnoföraktande klimat på internetforum i värsta fall kan leda till att enskilda incels begårvåldsattentat. Studien har en netnografisk ansats som riktats mot det inhämtade materialet iform av trådstarter och inlägg från forumet incels.is, vilket identifierats som den störstaincelforumet. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys har i sin tur applicerats på materialet för attsortera detta. Resultatet kom att visa att det råder en alternativ uppfattning av omvärldeninom incelkulturen, kring vilken en stark gemenskap bildats, som i sin tur uppmanar tillvåldsdåd, kvinnohat och antifeministiska åsikter.