Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-04-20T10:31:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 26930982 bytes, checksum: ae6837214d99c5f461c95a6f7825e116 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T10:31:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 26930982 bytes, checksum: ae6837214d99c5f461c95a6f7825e116 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-28 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Presented in this dissertation, a new formulation and general diffusion model with retention, recently introduced by Bevilacqua et al., where the resulting equation is a fourth order partial differential equation (PDE-partial differential equation). Besides, in this model the retention term is associated with higher-order term of the PDE, and can be interpreted as a small perturbation of a pure diffusion phe¬nomenon, taking into account the different orders of magnitude in their parameters, as is generally observed in experimental data. This approach allowed the proposal of an asymptotic expansion for the fourth-order PDE, where we obtain three terms coupled (pure diffusion) plus a small remaining term, which may be despised, allowing closer to the numerical solution of the anomalous diffusion for a space of fundamental solutions of the type method Kansa (KMFS), considering the funda¬mental solution of the diffusion operator. In particular, this work will be presented some numerical results of application of MFS in diffusion problems with retention where we will perform a sensitivity analysis of its parameters, which will aid in the discussion of the feasibility of proposed methodology. / Apresenta-se, nesta dissertação, uma formulação nova e geral para um modelo de difusão com retenção, recentemente introduzida por Bevilacqua et al., onde a equação resultante é uma equação diferencial parcial (PDE - partial differenüal equaüon) de quarta ordem. Além disso, nesse modelo o termo de retenção está associado ao termo de ordem superior da PDE, podendo ser interpretado como uma pequena perturbação singular de um fenômeno de difusão pura, levando-se em conta as diferentes ordens de grandeza nos respectivos parâmetros, como geralmente é observado nos dados experimentais. Esta abordagem possibilitou a proposta de uma expansão assintótica para a PDE de quarta ordem, onde obtemos três termos acoplados (de difusão pura) mais um pequeno termo remanescente, que pode ser desprezado, per¬mitindo aproximar a solução numérica da difusão anômala espacial por um método de soluções fundamentais do tipo Kansa (KMFS), considerando-se a solução fundamental do operador de difusão. Em particular, neste trabalho serão apresentados alguns resultados numéricos da aplicação do MFS em problemas de difusão com retenção onde realizaremos uma análise de sensibilidade de seus parâmetros, o que nos auxiliará na discussão da viabilidade da metodologia ora proposta.

Downsizing in cars lead to higher noise emissions through the addition of turbo-/superchargers. These noise emissions must be counteracted and cancelled in order to contribute to the overall quality feel of a car. This project follows a product development method in order to research if a new type of silencers are applicable in air induction systems in order to dampen noise emissions. The project also cover how to manufacture the new type of silencers, traditionally used as acoustic insulation in offices. The project covered everything from literature review on silencers, noise regulations, downsizing and traditional plastic manufacturing methods. After the analysis of the results, it stood clear that the new silencers are more effective than conventional solutions. A manufacturing process was also determined, which needs further research in order to derive what the manufacturing cost would be. The project resulted in strong indicators that the new silencers are promising but also opened up to new research questions.

Arbitrary high order numerical methods for time-harmonic acoustic scattering problems originally defined on unbounded domains are constructed. This is done by coupling recently developed high order local absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs) with finite difference methods for the Helmholtz equation. These ABCs are based on exact representations of the outgoing waves by means of farfield expansions. The finite difference methods, which are constructed from a deferred-correction (DC) technique, approximate the Helmholtz equation and the ABCs to any desired order. As a result, high order numerical methods with an overall order of convergence equal to the order of the DC schemes are obtained. A detailed construction of these DC finite difference schemes is presented. Details and results from an extension to heterogeneous media are also included. Additionally, a rigorous proof of the consistency of the DC schemes with the Helmholtz equation and the ABCs in polar coordinates is also given. The results of several numerical experiments corroborate the high order convergence of the proposed method. A novel local high order ABC for elastic waves based on farfield expansions is constructed and preliminary results applying it to elastic scattering problems are presented.

No description available.

Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) is often a complex system on-board any  satellite  which  needs  validation  and  testing  to  prove  its  operability  and  verify  its software  compatibility  with  hardware  and  other  subsystems.    One  failure  in  orbit  is extremely expensive in terms of cost and time due to payload preparation and launch. The ideal test bench would be the one that perfectly simulates the space environment and all its main factors such as weightlessness, Earth’s Magnetic Field (EMF), vacuum, neutral particles, plasma and radiation, among others.  The target in this case was the Earth’s Magnetic Field (EMF), solved with a Helmholtz Cage in a Merritt Configuration, and weightlessness, not implemented but analysed in detail where different alternatives are proposed, similar to market solutions.As  derived  from  literature  and  simulations  executed  along  this  M.  Sc.    Thesis,  the Merritt Cage seems beneficial against any other configuration in terms of magnetic field uniformity and effective volume.  After the design and assembly of the test bench, both properties were verified and successfully achieved, despite the lack of calibration, not executed because of time limitation, and tiny issues encountered along the full evolutionof the project. / Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) är ofta ett komplicerat system ombord på alla satelliter som behöver validering och testning för att bevisa dess användbarhet och  verifiera dess  programvarukompatibilitet med  hårdvara och  andra delsystem.   Ett fel  i  omloppsbana  är  extremt  dyrt  med  avseende  på  kostnader  och  tid  på  grund  av förberedelse  och  lansering  av  nyttolast  Den  ideala  testbänken  skulle  vara  den  som perfekt  simulerar  rymdmiljön  och  alla  dess  huvudfaktorer  såsom  viktlöshet,  Earth’s Magnetic  Field  (EMF),  vakuum,  neutrala  partiklar,  plasma  och  strålning,  bland  andra. Målet  i  detta  fall  var  EMF,  löst  med  en  Helmholtz-bur  i  en  Merritt-konfiguration,  och viktlöshet,  inte  implementerad  men  analyserad  i  detalj  där  olika  alternativ  föreslås, liknande marknadslösningar.Som härstammar från litteratur och simuleringar utförda längs denna M. Sc. Avhandling verkar Merritt Cage vara gynnsam mot annan konfiguration när det gäller magnetfältens enhetlighet och effektiv volym.  Efter konstruktionen och montering av testbänken, var båda egenskaperna verifierade och framgångsrikt uppnådda, trots bristen på kalibrering, inte  genomförda  på  grund  av  tidsbegränsning,  och  små  problem  som  uppstod  underprojektets fulla utveckling.

In this thesis, we explore a novel approach to solving the Helmholtz equation,the WaveHolz iteration method. This method aims to overcome some ofthe difficulties with solving the Helmholtz equation by providing a highlyparallelizable iterative method based on solving the time-dependent Waveequation. If this method proves reliable and computationally feasible it wouldhave great value for future application. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluatethe performance and properties of this method. To fully evaluate this method,the method was implemented and conclusions were based on results fromsimulations of the method. The method was able to solve problems in threedimensions and it seems that the method is very well suited for parallelized computations. To replicate real-world scenarios simulations of problems ininfinite and curvilinear domains were conducted. Based on the result presentedhere it is possible to further refine the method, especially regarding the setupof the domain and the implementation of boundary conditions for infinitedomains. / I detta examensarbete presenteras en ny metod för att lösa Helmholtz ekvation, WaveHoltz iterativa metod. Målet med denna metod är att undkomma vissa problem som uppstår med andra metoder för att lösa Helmholtz ekvation genom att tillhandahålla iterativ metod som baseras på lösningar av den tidsberoende vågekvationen samt kan parallelliseras effektivt. Om denna metod visar sig vara stabil och effektiv beräkningsmässigt skulle detta medföra stor potential för framtida tillämpningar. Av denna anledning undersöks metoden och dess egenskaper. För att fullt ut kunna evaluera denna method implementerades den vartefter simuleringar genomfördes och slutsatser drogs. Med metoden var att det var möjligt att lösa problem i tre dimensioner och metoden visade sig vara lämplig för parallella beräkningar. För att återskapa verklighetstrogna scenarion beräknades problem i oändliga och kroklinjiga domäner. Baserat på resultaten som presenteras i denna rapport är det möjligt att förfina metoden, speciellt vid konstruktionen av komplicerade beräkningsnät och randvillkoren för de oändliga problemen.

At the turn of the 20th century two contemporaries in their respective fields teamed up to develop a solution to an acoustic problem with the hard-surfaced vaulted ceilings being installed in many large spanning rooms being built at the time. In the spirit of their ingenuity, this research explores a 21st century solution to a similar problem in contemporary buildings; the desire for a durable, hard surface wall or ceiling material treatment that is more sound absorbent than other common surface treatments. To find a material answer to this desire an impedance tube was used to analyze the mid-frequency octave band absorption coefficients of various re-purposed existing materials and tiles created utilizing 3D print technology and Helmholtz resonators. Additionally, an empirical study of Helmholtz resonator geometry was performed by analyzing the sound absorption of resonant cavity shape changes. Finally, plots of the absorption coefficients for each material tested were created to provide a visual comparison against two common surface treatment materials, tectum and gypsum wall board. / Master of Architecture

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l’Université de Montréal / Les étoiles massives (M≥8M.) deviennent des supernovae de type II à la fin de leur vie. Ce phénomène explosif est caractérisé par l'effondrement du cœur de Fer (56Fe) qui, sous l'influence de sa propre gravité se détache des couches externes qui l'enveloppent. La théorie prédit que le cœur de l'étoile survit à cette explosion sous la forme d'une étoile à neutrons. Cette dernière pourrait subir une collision avec une autre étoiles à neutrons. Comme résultat d'une telle collision, il y aura une expulsion de la matière neutronique. Pour décrire ces deux processus d'effondrement et de décompression, on doit posséder une bonne équation d'état. Or, dans la plupart des études sur la matière nucléaire dans les étoiles massives en implosion, les intégrales se trouvant dans les quantités fondamentales telles que la pression, l'énérgie et l'entropie des électrons ont été représentés par des expressions approchées de Chandrasekhar. Cependant, ces approximations ne sont plus valables à certaines conditions (basse densité et haute température), et il nous est impossible de savoir ce qui se passe dans le milieu stellaire dans de telles conditions; et même dans le cas où ces approximations sont valables, plusieurs questions se posent toujours sur le degré d'erreur dû à ces approximations qui peuvent être, parfois, trompeuses. Dans notre étude on a pris en considération l'effet de création de paires qu'aura lieu dans le milieu stellaire à des basses densités et hautes températures; l'inclusion de ce détail constitue un élément nouveau de cette étude. Le but de ce mémoire consiste à mener un calcul exact pour toutes les quantités physiques de l'équation d'état en évaluant numériquement ces intégrales, et aussi à voir quelles contributions elles peuvent apporter lors de leurs insertion dans des programmes déjà développés au Département de Physique de l'Université de Montréal, mais qui utilisent seulement des approximations. La bonne précision de nos calculs d'intégrales et les différentes méthodes utilisées pour vérifier leurs valeurs numériques nous a permis de faire des corrections importantes à toutes les quantités physiques de l'équation et, surtout, à l'entropie et l'énergie libre de Helmholtz. Ce calcul nous a permis aussi de déterminer les domaines de validité des expressions approchés de Chandrasekhar, souvent utilisées par les astrophysiciens, et celles de la limite "bulle chaude".

This thesis investigates the impedance of acoustic liners, to attenuate noise originating from jet engines and enable compliance with international standards and regulations regarding noise from airplane jet engines. Experimental tests of two supplied liners were conducted in an impedance tube; one liner with known and predictable properties, and one liner with unknown properties. The tests included tonal excitations in the formats of stepped sine and random noise with frequencies within set boundaries. After post-processing of the captured data, the desired impedance could be analysed in terms of excitated frequencies and sound pressure levels. The conclusions from this project are that both of the liners deviated from their expected behavior, which was that liner 1 should have been unaffected by the alternated sound pressure levels, and liner 3 should have shown bigger affection due to the changed sound pressure level. Since the results were different than expected, there might have been minor sources of error during the measurements. It could be investigated if there is leakage from the mounting of the liners, or if the 3D printing resolution is sufficient. Because of limitations in time, there is more left in this project to investigate. Therefore, conducting similar studies where more frequencies, sound pressure levels, and multi-tonal measurements can be included, is suggested as future work.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O autor não apresentou resumo.