Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-06T15:45:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 wiltondiascordovil.pdf: 4762708 bytes, checksum: 1b325dd36a7f6b484282dbf51d0ad799 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T03:50:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 wiltondiascordovil.pdf: 4762708 bytes, checksum: 1b325dd36a7f6b484282dbf51d0ad799 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T03:50:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 wiltondiascordovil.pdf: 4762708 bytes, checksum: 1b325dd36a7f6b484282dbf51d0ad799 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-22 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho de pesquisa materializa a preocupação em compreender as características históricas e geográficas dos processos relacionados à incorporação produtiva e a evolução e expansão do espaço urbano do município de Juiz de Fora – MG. Ao nos lançarmos na busca pelo entendimento das formas de produção do espaço, procuramos avaliar a conformação das relações sociais, políticas e econômicas, reflexos dos diferentes ciclos produtivos que marcaram a evolução histórica da cidade. Localizada na porção sul da Zona da Mata Mineira, a cidade surge às margens do caminho que ligava as regiões mineradoras do interior da Província das Minas Gerais à capital da colônia Rio de Janeiro, assumindo desde os primórdios de sua ocupação, um ritmo de crescimento e identidade própria. Incorporada ao modelo agrário-exportador do café, a cidade nasce, cresce e se desenvolve capitalista, experimentando ainda no século XIX, rápido crescimento industrial acompanhado de intenso desenvolvimento de diversos equipamentos urbanos e do setor terciário. Buscamos assim, analisar a formação sócio-espacial da cidade sobre o viés do desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista. Para tanto, pautamo-nos no resgate da história econômica e social regional propondo a análise das paisagens pretéritas a fim de fornecer subsídios que contribuam para o entendimento das diferentes formas de produção e apropriação do espaço. Nosso trabalho constitui-se então, em esforço de síntese e reflexão analítica a respeito da teoria da produção do espaço urbano e de sua formação sócio-espacial sobre a perspectiva do modo de produção capitalista, aplicado à análise da geografia histórica local. / The present research work materializes the concern to understand the historical and geographical characteristics processes related to the incorporation of production and development of urban space in the city of Juiz de Fora – MG. We evaluate the conformation of social relations, political and economic, reflexes of different production cycles that marked the historical evolution of the city. Located in the southern portion of Zona da Mata Mineira, the city appears on the margins of the road that connected the mining regions of the interior of the Province of Minas Gerais to the colony's capital city Rio de Janeiro, assuming from the early days of its occupation, the rate of growth and own identity. Incorporated into the model agricultural exporting coffee, the city is born, grows and develops capitalist, experimenting in the nineteenth century, fast industrial growth accompanied by intensive development of various urban infrastructure and the tertiary sector. We seek therefore to analyze the formation and socio-spatial city on the bias of the development of capitalist mode of production. We base to rescue both the economic and social history proposing the analysis of regional landscapes preterit to provide subsidies that contribute to the understanding of different forms of production and appropriation of space. Our job is to then work on synthesis and analytical reflection on the theory of the production of urban space and its formation of socio-spatial perspective on the capitalist mode of production, applied to the analysis of historical geography place.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-09T14:27:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 yuriamaralbarbosa.pdf: 9573655 bytes, checksum: 01899f0f41d5b412105ba74503d206f8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-10T13:18:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 yuriamaralbarbosa.pdf: 9573655 bytes, checksum: 01899f0f41d5b412105ba74503d206f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-10T13:18:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 yuriamaralbarbosa.pdf: 9573655 bytes, checksum: 01899f0f41d5b412105ba74503d206f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho situa-se no campo daquilo que chamamos de Geografia Histórica, ou seja, uma análise do espaço descolada do presente, com os olhos voltados para o passado, a fim de compreender as estruturas que geraram certas configurações espaciais e os processos de formação de uma cidade capitalista. Localizando no espaço-tempo, nosso trabalho pretende verificar se a conjuntura econômica dos anos finais do século XIX impactou o processo urbano da cidade de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Nesse período, a progressiva evolução das técnicas permitiu à economia mundial alcançar, pela primeira vez, um significativo estágio de globalização. Nesse contexto, identificamos uma crescente e controversa interferência dos países centrais na economia dos países periféricos, como o Brasil. Aliado à um conjunto de políticas internas, essas intervenções acabaram por fomentar a Crise do Encilhamento no país, período caracterizado pela abertura de inúmeras sociedades anônimas, pela extrema desregulamentação do mercado de capitais e por uma exorbitante emissão de papel-moeda. Ao mesmo tempo, a Proclamação da República concedia, por meio da Constituição de 1891, uma significativa alteração política, até então, negada pelo Império: a autonomia municipal. Ratificado pela Constituição de Minas Gerais, os municípios tomaram as rédeas da gestão do espaço urbano e passaram a ser uma figura central nesse processo. Juntas, essas transformações políticas e econômicas propiciaram uma intensa aceleração do processo urbano de Juiz de Fora, marcado pela mercantilização do solo urbano, pela consolidação de um mercado mobiliário, e por uma profusão de obras públicas. / This work lies in the field of what we call historical geography, that is, an analysis of the space datached from the present time, with an eye to the past in order to understand the structures that generate certain spatial configurations and formation processes of a capitalist city. Locating in space-time, our work aims to verify whether the economic conditions of the final years of the nineteenth century impacted the urban process in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. During this period, the progressive development of techniques allowed the world economy to achieve, for the first time, a significant globalization stage. In this context, we have identified a growing and controversial interference of the central countries in the economies of peripheral countries such as Brazil. Combined with a set of internal policies, these interventions have fostered the Encilhamento crisis in this country, a period characterized by the opening of numerous corporations, the extreme deregulation of the capital market and for an exorbitant emission of currency. At the same time, the Republic of Proclamation granted through the Constitution of 1891, a significant change in policy until then denied by the Empire: the municipal autonomy. Ratified by the Constitution of Minas Gerais, the municipalities took the reins of management of urban space and became a central figure in this process. Together, these political and economic changes have led to a sharp acceleration of the urban process of Juiz de Fora, marked by the commodification of urban land, the consolidation of a securities market, and a profusion of public works.

Cette thèse est consacrée à l’évolution de la notion de jardin collectif et de leur place dans la ville. Elle s’appuie tout d’abord sur une mise en perspective historico-géographique de la notion de jardin dans le bassin méditerranéen, entre orient et occident, de l’antiquité à nos jours. La notion de jardin a pris, en effet, au cours du temps des acceptions très différentes, jardins nourriciers ou jardins d’agréments, mais aussi jardins privés, jardins publics et jardins collectifs. Nous resserrons ensuite notre approche sur les jardins collectifs, jardins ouvriers, jardins familiaux et aujourd’hui jardins partagés. Pour cela nous focalisons notre recherche sur l’agglomération lyonnaise de la fin du 19ème siècle à nos jours. Cette analyse historico-géographique s’appuie à la fois sur un travail d’archives et sur une cartographie des jardins. Pour associer, profondeur historique et approche spatiale, nous interrogeons les facteurs historiques, politiques, démographiques, économiques et sociaux qui, durant cette période, se révèlent déterminants dans la localisation et les usages des jardins collectifs. Cette analyse des dynamiques spatiales de création de jardins tout au long du 20ème siècle, reflète l’évolution de leur place et de leurs fonctions dans la ville. Ceci nous permet de révéler à la fois des valeurs et des fonctions attribuées aux jardins qui ont une forte stabilité dans le temps, alors que d’autres renvoient à des conceptions et à des préoccupations historiquement comme géographiquement situées. Pour cela, nous attachons une attention particulière à resituer la question des jardins collectifs dans les transformations des politiques urbaines, avec pour la période récente la montée en puissance des préoccupations liées au développement durable et à la place de la nature en ville. / This PhD thesis deals with the evolution of the notion of collective garden and their place and functions in the city. Firstly, on the basis of an historical and geographical perspective, it provides a background of the notion of garden in the Mediterranean area, between East and West, from the ancient world to the modern day. The concept of garden has taken over time very different meanings, food-producing garden or pleasure garden, but also private gardens, public and community gardens.Then our approach focuses on collective gardens, namely workers' gardens, family gardens and community gardens. Our research focuses on the city of Lyon and its metropolitan area from the late 19th century to today. This historical and geographical analysis is based on both an archival work and a cartographic approach. To mix historical depth and spatial approach we inquire about the historical, political, demographic, economic and social factors that determine the location and the uses of collective gardens. This analysis of the spatial dynamics throughout the twentieth century reflects the evolution of their place and their functions in the city. This allows us to identify the values and functions of collective gardens that have a high stability over time, while others refer to conceptions and concerns which are historically and geographically situated. We thus pay particular attention to place the issue of community gardens in transformations of urban policies, characterized for the recent period by the increasing influence of sustainable development concerns and emerging issues on the place of nature in cities.

This thesis is about the mobilities of geographical knowledge in the material form of lantern-slides and the forces exerted on these by technological and human factors. Owing to its concern with matter, human- and non-human, and its circulation, the thesis addresses the physics of geographical knowledge. The chapters below investigate the Royal Geographical Society’s (RGS) ongoing tradition of telling stories of science and exploration through words, objects and pictures in the final quarter of the nineteenth century and as geography professionalized and geographical science developed. These processes occurred within the context of a plethora of technological innovations, including the combination of the older medium of the magic lantern and photographic lantern-slides, integral to a wide range of entertainment, scientific and educational performances across Britain. In 1886 the RGS began to engage with the magic lantern. Via this technology and the interactive lecture performances in which it featured, I argue that the Society embraced the medium of photography, thereby engendering transformations in methods of knowledge making and to the RGS collections. I study how these transformations influenced the discipline of Geography as it was re-established at the University of Oxford in 1887. I demonstrate the evolution of the RGS’s Evening, Technical and Young Persons’ lectures, their contingent lantern-slide practices and, consequently, how these moulded, and were moulded by, the RGS Fellowship between c. 1885 and 1924. The chapters below explore how these innovations in visual technologies and practices arose, how they circulated knowledge and their effect on geographies of geographical knowledge making. By harnessing the lantern the RGS attracted an expanding and diversifying audience demographic. The thesis demonstrates the interactive nature of RGS lantern-slide lectures and audiences' important role in shaping the Society’s practices and geographical knowledge. The chapters below argue that it was via the use of the lantern that geography was disseminated to new places. The thesis therefore brings additional perspectives and dimensions to understandings of the circulation of geographical knowledge.

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S’interrogeant sur l’existence d’une culture matérielle propre à la Cappadoce, X. de Planhol soulevait déjà, dans les années 1980, la contradiction entre les résultats des études cappadociennes et les sources. De fait, archéologiquement et historiquement, la Cappadoce rupestre s’inscrit dans la continuité des autres provinces anatoliennes. Dépendant d’empires plus puissants, elle ne semble pas développer des traditions architecturales et culturelles propres, si ce n’est de posséder des monuments creusés dans la roche. A contrario à l’époque médiévale, certains auteurs arabes et byzantins reconnaissent aux Cappadociens un mode de vie troglodytique qui les individualise, de facto, de leurs voisins anatoliens. Ces assertions sont d’ailleurs confirmées par le développement de la pratique rupestre à l’époque byzantine dans la zone. Afin de comprendre ce décalage, deux approches ont été menées parallèlement. La première, historique, a pour objet d’étudier les représentations littéraires de la Cappadoce et des Cappadociens entre le Ve av. J.-C. et le Xe ap. J-C. La seconde approche, archéologique, a pour but de comprendre les processus de réalisation des monuments rupestres entre le IIIe siècle av. J.-C. et le Xe siècle ap. J.-C. À elles deux, elles mettent en lumière la lente construction culturelle qui, tant dans les sources que dans la praxis, aboutit à la fin du Xe siècle à l’existence d’un fait rupestre. / In the 1980s, questioning the existence of an own material cultures in Cappadocia, X. de Planhol already raised the contradictions between results of Cappadocian studies and sources. In fact, the current region of Cappadocia seems to be “provincial”. Dependent on more powerful Empires, this region doesn’t seem to develop its own architectural traditions and its own material cultures. It has just carved monuments. But in some medieval sources, Cappadocians are described like Troglodyte and de facto are distinguished from their Anatolian neighbors. To understand this shift, two methodological approaches were conducted. The first one is historical and has the purpose to study literary representations of Cappadocia and Cappadocians between the Vth century BC and the Xth century AD. The second approach is archaeological and should allow understanding process of making a carved monument between the IIIrd century BC and the Xth century AD. Both highlight the slow cultural construction that results in recognition of a “carving fact” in the Xth century AD.

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La tesi doctoral és un estudi de l'evolució del paisatge de les closes de l'Alt Empordà entre els anys 1957 i 2001. Dins el marc teòric s'hi explora el concepte de paisatge cultural agrari tradicional, es fa una introducció de les aportacions que fa la geografia històrica a l'estudi de les closes arreu d'Europa i es presenten els fonaments de l'ecologia del paisatge. La recerca es basa en la fotointerpretació de fotografies aèries ampliades i l'aplicació d'índexs espacials propis de l'ecologia del paisatge per a l'anàlisi de l'evolució de l'estructura del paisatge. Es complementa amb la realització d'entrevistes personals als gestors del paisatge per tal de conèixer com han dut a terme la gestió de les closes al llarg del període estudiat. Es combinen ambdós tipus d'informació a través de la tècnica estadística de la regressió logística multinomial per tal de descobrir el funcionament de les interaccions entre aquests àmbits. / The dissertation is a study of the evolution of the hedgerow landscape in the Alt Empordà between years 1957 and 2001. Within the theoretical frame the concept of traditional agrarian cultural landscape is explored, we provide an introduction to the main contributions that geographical history does to the study of hedgerow landscapes in Europe and the foundations of landscape ecology are presented. The research is based on the photointerpretation of enlarged aerial photographs and the calculation of landscape ecology metrics for the analysis of the landscape structure. This is complimented with personal interviews with the managers of the landscape in order to know how they have managed the landscape along the period studied. These two types of information are combined through the statistical tool of multinomial logistic regression to uncover how the interactions between these two areas work.

This doctoral thesis analyses the role of historical urban agriculture in a long-time perspective, through a combination of overarching surveys of Swedish towns and detailed studies of one town – Uppsala in east-central Sweden. The study shows how agricultural land – town land – of various sizes was donated to towns repeatedly during medieval times and in the 16th and 17th centuries. The study examines urban food production at three points in time, and concludes that grain production and, later, potato production as well was substantial in many towns, indicating high levels of urban self-sufficiency. This allows new perspectives concerning the interpretation of urban food provision, as urban dependency on countryside food production might have varied considerably between towns. In addition, the study shows how urban agriculture was connected to social welfare systems, in particular aiming at supporting urban widows. The results in this thesis provide an historical context to the increasing discussions about present-day urban agriculture globally, and identify a number of factors that may create or counteract opportunities for urban agriculture.