The purpose of this thesis is to study the literacy formed when a class blog is used as a tool for students studying history and explore how this particular literacy is used to generate historical knowledge. The study was conducted during the course of a project in which ninth-grade students contributed entries to a common blog in the form of a diary written by individuals who experienced the Second World War. Its three major objectives were to study the students' perception of the blog in relation to their gender and level of historical knowledge; how they and their teacher esta-blished and used the formed literacy; and how the students related to this in the production of historical knowledge. In analyzing the results, a concept of literacy was used based on seven writing practices all linked to the new medium and history education. The study was based on a questionnaire, interviews and various student texts. In order to perform a content analysis on the study results a theoretical frame­work for historical conscious-ness was included. The results show that in using the writing practices a literacy character­ized by colla-borative authorship was formed. The study concludes that this affects both what and how the students learn. Together they show each other that history is comprised of many small stories, not necessarily strictly co­herent with the general history as told by their textbooks. Examining the students’ blog entries made a new learning process visible that enabled the enhancement of their historical consciousness. / Under senare år har sociala medier introducerats i undervisningen som verktyg för lärande, men hur interagerar dessa nya möjligheter till kommunikation och sam-arbete med en formell undervisningssituation i historia? I Högstadieungdomar skriver historia på bloggenbeskriver och undersöker Cecilia Johansson ett möte mellan sociala medier och historieundervisningen när högstadieelever skriver inlägg i form av dagboksanteckningar från Andra Världskriget på en klassblogg. Det kollaborativa författarskap som många elever uppvisar tycks ha påverkat både hur och vad eleverna lär sig. Dessutom synliggörs en lärprocess där ett historie-medvetande ges förutsättningar att utvecklas. / <p></p><p></p>

Submitted by SUSELÍ CRISTIANE ALVES CAMILO null (suselicamilo@gmail.com) on 2017-07-10T16:15:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Doutorado em História_Suseli C Alves Camilo.pdf: 2349300 bytes, checksum: 099f4c3991e91caeb586dc7c675815d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-07-13T20:36:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 camilo_sca_dr_assis.pdf: 2349300 bytes, checksum: 099f4c3991e91caeb586dc7c675815d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-13T20:36:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 camilo_sca_dr_assis.pdf: 2349300 bytes, checksum: 099f4c3991e91caeb586dc7c675815d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-05 / Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná (FAADCT/PR) / A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma análise histórica do Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI). O REUNI foi uma política pública educacional, implementada durante o governo Lula (2003-2010), que objetivou um processo de reestruturação para as universidades públicas federais entre os anos de 2008 a 2012. O governo Lula, com a proposta do REUNI, condicionou o repasse de verbas para as universidades públicas federais à apresentação de uma proposta de reestruturação capaz de atender as demandas da sociedade do século XXI. A proposta de reestruturação era firmada a partir de um Acordo de Metas entre a universidade federal e o MEC. A análise da documentação demonstra que o objetivo do REUNI era induzir uma inovação nos currículos dos cursos de graduação oferecidos pelas universidades públicas federais. Como exemplo, a proposta de implantação dos Bacharelados Interdisciplinares. A importância da análise do REUNI se justifica segundo três aspectos: primeiro, o REUNI é uma etapa no contexto de reforma nas universidades federais brasileiras pensada desde meados dos anos 1980; segundo, todas as universidades federais aderiram ao programa e apresentaram propostas de reestruturação; terceiro, o fato de o REUNI pretender uma indução da inovação curricular para as universidades, objetivando romper com a tradição brasileira de ensino superior associado com formação profissional. O objetivo da nossa pesquisa é demonstrar como a Ciência da História pode contribuir com o processo de análise de políticas públicas educacionais. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa está sendo conduzida pela análise das narrativas de sentido em torno da reforma e presentes em documentos produzidos nacional e internacionalmente. A análise histórica do REUNI nos leva às seguintes problematizações: quais carências de orientação levaram à necessidade de repensar a experiência de formação profissional nas universidades públicas federais no Brasil? Como a experiência de formação profissional oferecida pela universidade foi interpretada na proposição da política pública? Qual a constituição histórica de sentido proposta pelo REUNI para a formação superior a ser oferecida nas universidades públicas federais? Com uma proposta de formação por grandes áreas, o programa pretendia evitar a profissionalização precoce e abrir possibilidades para que o ensino superior se pautasse na ideia de formar para ocupações e não para profissões. Nossa tese está baseada em duas certezas: a primeira é que o REUNI era uma proposta de reestruturação na arquitetura curricular das universidades públicas federais; a segunda, que o sucesso da política pública educacional depende de como o passado das instituições de educação superior foi interpretado no processo de pensar a intervenção no espaço público, pois a relação entre experiência e intenção é fundamental para a implementação de políticas públicas educacionais. Nesse sentido, o resultado das ações do REUNI foi consequência do embate entre a tradição de formação profissional dos cursos de graduação no Brasil e a reestruturação curricular baseada na formação a partir de grandes áreas de conhecimento, com a proposta dos Bacharelados Interdisciplinares. / This research aims to present the results of an analysis of the Support Program to the Plans for Restructuring and Expanding Federal Universities (REUNI). As an educational public policy, REUNI was implemented during the Lula government (2003-2010), which aimed at a restructuring process for federal public universities between 2008 and 2012. The Lula government, with the REUNI proposal, conditioned funds Transfer to federal public universities to a presentation of a restructuring proposal capable of attending the 21st Century Society demands. This restructuring proposal was reached looking for a Goal Agreement between federal university and the Ministry of Educational and Culture – MEC. The documentary analysis evidences that REUNI's aim was to induce innovation in the graduate school curricula offered by federal public universities. The proposed implementation of Interdisciplinary Bachelor's is an example of these conception. The importance of the REUNI analysis is justified according to three aspects: i) REUNI is a stage in the context of Brazilian federal universities reform construct since the 80s; ii) all federal universities acceded and submitted restructuring proposals; iii) the fact that REUNI intends to an induction of curricular innovation to the universities, aiming to tear with a Brazilian tradition that higher education was associated with professional training. Demonstrate how the Science of History can contribute to the process of analysis of public educational policies is the shew of this paper. Methodologically, the research is conducted by analyzing the narratives of meaning around the reform and shown at documents produced nationally and internationally. The historical analysis of REUNI leads us to some problematizations: what lack of orientation led to the need to restructure the professional training experience in federal public universities in Brazil? How has been interpreted the professional training experience offered by public university in the public policy intention? What is the historical constitution of meaning proposed by REUNI to higher education offered at federal public universities? With a proposal for large-scale training, the program target to keep off early professionalization and open up possibilities that higher education could focus itself on an idea of training tor occupations and not professions. Our thesis is based on two certainties: first that REUNI was a proposal for restructuring the curricular architecture of federal public universities; second, the success of educational public policy depends on how higher education institutions pasts was considered in the process of synthesize about public space interventions, considering that the relationship between experience and intention is fundamental to implement public educational policies. In this sense, the result of the REUNI actions was the result of the encounter between the tradition of professional training of graduate courses in Brazil and the curricular restructuring based on training from wide areas of knowledge, with the proposal of the Interdisciplinary Bachelor Degree.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-06-28T20:44:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Roberto Magalhães dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 4616772 bytes, checksum: 6ed4d1917e374a5537adfe1de0048939 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-06-29T11:33:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Roberto Magalhães dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 4616772 bytes, checksum: 6ed4d1917e374a5537adfe1de0048939 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-29T11:33:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Roberto Magalhães dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 4616772 bytes, checksum: 6ed4d1917e374a5537adfe1de0048939 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-24 / Outro / In this dissertation we propose to carry out a research reflecting on which Historical Consciousness has been evoked in the schools of the city of Uberlândia, in relation to the Regions of African Matrix (RMA), through the analysis of didactic materials of schools of the Uberlandian municipality, besides analyzing the training course of teachers, seeking to answer the question: What treatment has the RMA (Regiões de Matriz Africana) received in the spaces dedicated to this study, in the classes, in the teacher training programs, in the school didactic materials in the city of Uberlândia MG? Thus, starting from the analysis of laws 10.639 and 11.645, and studying some concepts related to history and the theme of RMA, we started our way of constructing this text. We continue, in the first chapter making a historical reconstruction on the religions of African Matrix in Brazil, speaking if its origin in the country, identifying its rites customs and practices, highlighting its creative diversity and its history of persecution and prejudices. We proceeded in a second chapter analyzing these religions from the materials collected in the schools and from the teacher training programs, arriving at some conclusions after the analyzes carried out in the various materials obtained in our partnerships, noting that there are still many prejudices and the RMA (Religião de Matriz Africana). Thus, in order to overcome prejudices and disrespect for Afro-Brazilian religions, what would be the last chapter of our dissertation was formed in a paradidate material, as a way of providing information to teachers and students of basic education about such religions. / Histórica tem sido evocada nas escolas do município de Uberlândia, em relação às Regiões de Matriz Africana (doravante RMA), através da análise dos materiais didática de escolas do município uberlandense, além de analisar os cursos de formação de professores, buscando responder a pergunta: Qual o tratamento que as Religiões de Matriz Africana (RMA) têm recebido nos espaços dedicados a esse estudo, nas aulas, nos programas de formação de professores, nos materiais didáticos escolares na cidade de Uberlândia MG? Dessa forma, partindo da análise das leis 10.639 e 11.645, e estudando alguns conceitos relativos à história, e a temática das RMA começamos nosso caminho de construção deste texto. Seguimos, no primeiro capítulo fazendo uma reconstrução histórica sobre as Religiões de Matriz africana no Brasil, falando de sua origem no país, identificando seus ritos costumes e práticas, ressaltando sua diversidade criativa e sua história de perseguição e preconceitos. Seguimos em um segundo capítulo fazendo uma análise sobre essas religiões a partir dos Materiais recolhidos nas escolas, e dos programas de formação de professores, chegando a algumas conclusões após as análises realizadas nos diversos materiais obtidos em nossas parcerias, registrando que ainda existem muitos preconceitos e perseguições contra as RMA. Dessa forma, com o objetivo de superar os preconceitos, e desrespeitos contra as religiões afro-brasileiras, o que seria o último capítulo de nossa dissertação configurou-se em um material paradidático, como forma de fornecer informações aos professores e alunos da educação básica sobre tais religiões.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo a análise das narrativas contidas nos planos de ensino elaborados durante o Estágio Supervisionado, a fim de estabelecer quais os tipos de consciência histórica que um aluno de licenciatura em História apresenta. Para sua realização foram consultados: planos de ensino elaborados por licenciandos; material bibliográfico como livros, artigos científicos, dissertações e teses que tratem dos temas de licenciatura em História, Ensino de História e Consciência Histórica; propostas curriculares, regulamentos e normas de Estágio, projeto político pedagógico das licenciaturas. Os procedimentos realizados foram: a pesquisa bibliográfica nas obras teóricas sobre conceitos e fundamentos da ciência histórica, do Ensino de História e metodologia de análise hermenêutica dos planos de ensino. Foi efetuada uma coleta de dados nos planos de ensino, com tipologias estabelecidas em conjunto com a orientadora e a etapa seguinte foi a análise dos resultados à luz da Didática da História, para reestruturar as narrativas contidas nos planos de aula. Esta reestruturação partiu da análise da tematização dos planos e permitiu estabelecer as categorias de análise que tornaram possível pesquisar a relação entre a organização da aula e os tipos de consciência histórica estabelecidas pelo historiador alemão RÜSEN (2001). Por fim, as narrativas foram agrupadas por tipo de consciência histórica e submetidas à análise à luz da Teoria da História. Os resultados obtidos foram: dos planos que apresentaram uma consciência histórica tradicional durante a sua elaboração (6 planos), apenas dois apresentaram algum objetivo orientado sob o Paradigma da Aprendizagem; nos que apresentaram uma consciência histórica exemplar (11 planos), 70% dos objetivos foram orientados sob o Paradigma da Disciplina; os planos categorizados como consciência histórica crítica, apresentaram um equilíbrio entre os dois paradigmas; por último, os planos que apresentaram a consciência histórica genética (4 planos) em sua elaboração, tem em sua totalidade, objetivos orientados sob o Paradigma da Aprendizagem. / This research aims to analyze narratives contained in the teaching plans prepared during training stage, to establish what types of historical consciousness a degree student in History presents. For its achievement were consulted: teaching plans; bibliographic material such as books, scientific articles, dissertations and theses that address the themes of degree in History, Teaching History and Historical Consciousness; curricular proposals, regulations and standards of Stage, project Political teaching of degrees. The procedures performed: research in the articles and books about History Theory, Education and Hermeneutic analysis. It was build a data collection plan and the Didactic History typologies were established for narratives analysis in the data collection (RUSEN, 2001). Finally, the narratives were grouped by type of historical consciousness and subjected to analysis in the light of the Theory of History. From the plans that presented a traditional historical consciousness during its preparation (5 plans), only two of them had some goal oriented under the Learning Paradigm. The results showed that within the category of historical awareness exemplary, the plans have at least one (1) under the targeted goal of Learning Paradigm, but on average 70% (seventy percent) of the goals are guided by Discipline\'s Paradigm. In the case of plans categorized as critical historical awareness, there is a balance between the two paradigms. At last, the plans that have been categorized by the presence of historical awareness (3 plans) in its drafting, it takes almost full goals targeted under the Paradigm Learning.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-01-27T13:29:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Mayara Barbosa Viandelli Mundim - 2014.pdf: 2517543 bytes, checksum: 21cda41e4f3ea8fdc3e0271e14fbf1a4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-01-28T11:10:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Mayara Barbosa Viandelli Mundim - 2014.pdf: 2517543 bytes, checksum: 21cda41e4f3ea8fdc3e0271e14fbf1a4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-28T11:10:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação - Mayara Barbosa Viandelli Mundim - 2014.pdf: 2517543 bytes, checksum: 21cda41e4f3ea8fdc3e0271e14fbf1a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-02 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The proposal of analyzing the historical ideas of children from different cultural contexts has the aim of evaluating the reaching of theoretical references, that conducts the field of Didactics of History in Brazil and the intercultural approaches in the education of History. This research comes from a paradox lived in the classroom. In one side, the politics of ethnic and races. On the other side, the presence of Eurocentric tales in books as much as in teachers' and students' conversation. The experience in the course of Intercultural Education for Indian Teachers opened new perspectives of analyses about this question, as showed other problems that mark the conflituous relations between the indian and non-indian societies. Beyond the land questions, as are frequently showed in the media, we aim to ascertain the different ways of narrating the being in the world, so that we can think about an intercultural historical learning that treats the diversity in a more embracing way than the antiracists speeches. / A proposta de analisarmos as ideias históricas de crianças pertencentes a diferentes contextos culturais tem como principal objetivo avaliar o alcance dos referenciais teóricos, que orientam o campo da Didática da História no Brasil, e as propostas de abordagens interculturais no ensino de história. Esta pesquisa parte de um paradoxo vivenciado em sala de aula. Por um lado, as políticas públicas educacionais com as determinações legais sobre a educação para as relações etnicorraciais. Por outro, a presença de narrativas essencialmente eurocêntricas, tanto nos livros didáticos quanto nas expressões de grande parte dos estudantes e dos professores. A experiência no curso de Educação Intercultural para Professores Indígenas abriu novas perspectivas de análise acerca desta questão assim como apresentou outras problemáticas que marcam as relações conflituosas entre sociedades indígenas e não indígenas. Para além das questões territoriais, como habitualmente são representados estes conflitos na mídia, a subalternização das formas de lidar com os marcadores temporais, de elaborar e de comunicar os saberes se constituem como fatores que balizam a relação entre Estado Nacional e Territórios Indígenas. Neste sentido, nos propomos aqui a verificar diferentes formas de narrar o ser e estar no mundo, para então pensarmos uma aprendizagem histórica intercultural que reconheça/amplie os limites de nossas orientações conceituais e trate a diversidade de forma mais contundente que os atuais discursos antirracistas.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2018-01-31T19:39:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Diogo Fraga Cruz - 2017.pdf: 2924236 bytes, checksum: 3403fbad56aedfcfd910f1ca3c4e958c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-02-01T10:24:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Diogo Fraga Cruz - 2017.pdf: 2924236 bytes, checksum: 3403fbad56aedfcfd910f1ca3c4e958c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-01T10:24:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Diogo Fraga Cruz - 2017.pdf: 2924236 bytes, checksum: 3403fbad56aedfcfd910f1ca3c4e958c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-14 / This research seeks to understand the mobilization of historical consciousness and the attribution of plausibility in the relation with discourses of the public uses of the history of Afro-Brazilian. The research has as its source the narratives produced by students from a research instrument applied in the classroom. Another source is also observed: the discourses of public uses of the past taken to the research instruments that reconstruct events of the past related to African slavery in Brazil, the Brazilian miscegenation and the racial relations present in Quilombo de Palmares. From these discourses, the students are brought into contact with ideas about the relations of historical racial oppression, and are led to express themselves in relation to such discourses and ideas, as well as to try to relate these events in the past to the situation of the population Afro-Brazilian in the present. The work is produced according to the theoretical and methodological accumulation of didactics of history and historical education. / Este trabalho de pesquisa busca compreender a mobilização de consciência histórica e a atribuição de plausibilidade na relação com discursos dos usos públicos da história do afro-brasileiro. A pesquisa tem como fonte as narrativas produzidas por alunos a partir de um instrumental de pesquisa aplicado em sala de aula. Outra fonte também é observada: os discursos dos usos públicos do passado levados para o instrumental de pesquisa que reconstroem eventos do passado ligados a escravidão africana no Brasil, a miscigenação brasileira e as relações raciais presentes no Quilombo de Palmares. Os alunos pesquisados, a partir desses discursos, são postos em contato com ideias sobre as relações de opressão racial histórica, e são levados a se manifestarem com relação a tais discursos e ideias, além de experimentarem relacionar esses eventos no passado com a situação da população afro-brasileira no presente. O trabalho é produzido de acordo com o acúmulo teórico e metodológico da didática da história e da educação histórica.

In 2012, Uganda celebrated 50 years of independence. The postcolonial era in the country has been marked by political turmoil and civil wars. Uganda, like many other postcolonial states in Africa, cannot be described as an ethnically or culturally homogenous state. However, history education has globally been seen as a platform for constructing national identities in contemporary societies. At the same time, it is assumed that specific historical experiences of countries influence historical understanding. This study takes its starting point in the theories of historical consciousness and narrativity. A narrative could be viewed as a site where mobilization of ideas of the past to envisage the present and possible futures is made and hence the narrative expresses historical orientation. Through the concept of historical orientation historical consciousness can be explored, i.e. what history is viewed as significant and meaningful. The aim in the study is to explore in what ways students connect to their historical pasts.   The study explores 219 narratives of 73 Ugandan upper secondary students. Narratives elicited through written responses to three assignments. Designed to capture different approaches to history: either to start from the beginning and narrate history prospectively or to depart from the present narrating retrospectively. The colonial experience of Uganda affected the sampling in the way that students were chosen from two different regions, Central and Northern Uganda. The comparison was a way to handle the concept of ‘nation’ as a presupposed category. Narrative analysis has been used as a method to explore what the students regarded as historically significant and what patterns among the narratives that point towards particular historical orientations.   The empirical results show how different approaches to history, a prospective or a retrospective approach, influence the student narratives. For instance, valued judgments on past developments were more common with the retrospective approach. The results also show differences in evaluating past developments according to regional origin. Students from northern Uganda were generally more inclined to tell a story of decline. Also, it is argued that the student narratives were informed by a meta-narrative of Africa. It was as common to identify oneself as African as it was to identify as Ugandan.

This thesis will be examining current song lyrics in popular and scholarly way to professionally judge possibilities of real impact of this lyrics to a historical consciousness of the listener. Then it will be following up the reasons why are historical topics so frequentative in song lyrics, various ways of interpretations, way od misinterpretations, influence of used instrument like language, form of the performance, sings, composition, mass character etc… To every each chosen interpret will be dedicated concrete and specific space in this thesis by the amount of the historical impact in his work. The result of this thesis should be very integrated and educated view to this subject of interest.

Through an online survey conducted with Swedish high school dance teachers, the contents which make up the dance history course, a mandatory part of dance theory, is mapped out. The guidelines and regulations to which Swedish dance teachers must adhere when constructing the syllabus in the dance history course is broad, and by quantitative method, this study maps out areas where there is broad concurrence between respondents, and areas of greater disparity. By way of an intersectional perspective, the relative richness of historical background within, and among the different styles is brought into historical context. The theory Historical consciousness is used to analyse the consequences of the result in relation to the students’ opportunities to develop an identification with dance history. The result show broad similarities among the respondents, alluding to a general consensus of the contents of the dance history classes. The differences are found in how the individual styles of dance are taught, where hip hop to a greater extent lacks named historical persons, present in ballet and modern dance. Other findings are a predominance of men as named historical figures compared to women and a disproportional focus on the jazz’ early history compared to more contemporary movements.

The first aim of this SAG is to present and study three different researchers: Dahl (2021),Thorp (2016) and Johansson (2012) on how the subject of the use of history can beimplemented into history teaching and evolve students' way of thinking towards a betterhistorical consciousness. The second aim of this paper is to reflect on how the term uses ofhistory can be best implemented in a multicultural classroom. The third aim is to determinehow the terms use of history, historical consciousness and multiculturalism is defined inacademic research. To make these definitions we used the researchers Aronsson (2002),Karlsson (1999), Nordgren (2006, 2016), Rüsen (2004), Jeismann (1979), Koselleck (2004),Jensen (2003) and Runblom (2006). The material we have been using are doctoraldissertations and licentiate degrees which have been gathered from the digital platformsResearchgate, ERIC and DiVA. In our paper’s result the focus has been to present and reflectthe theoretical approaches that each researcher has obtained through their respective studiesregarding multicultural education, uses of history and historical consciousness. These resultsbecame the basis of a discussion of advantages and disadvantages regarding the optimal wayto construct an education plan for teachers. In our conclusion we presented the case that noneof the researchers' work was complete in itself and can be used in conjunction with each otherto better create a whole sided perspective on the best plan for history teaching. We also cameto the conclusion that terms uses of history, historical consciousness and multiculturalismcan be defined in a variety of ways. There are some disputes between each researcher in howthe relation between historical consciousness and uses of history can be defined. Thoughmost of them agree that multiculturalism includes a variety of aspects such as normality,individuality and that creation of identity is a big part of the multicultural classroom.