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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

Mechanisms for the Regulation of Pro-Death Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Nuclear Accumulation in Retinal Müller Cells Under High Glucose Conditions

Yego, E. Chepchumba Koech 30 July 2010 (has links)
No description available.
192

Resection of the Primary Osteosarcoma Terminates Self-seeding and Facilitates Metastasis

Le Pommellet, Helene Marie 15 August 2017 (has links)
No description available.
193

Exploration of a mammary epithelial cell model for the study of inflammation and mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity in medicinal plants

Al-Maalouf, Samar Wadih 05 January 2007 (has links)
No description available.
194

Interleukin-6 as a Potential Mediator of Breast Cancer Progression and Non-Melanoma Skin Carcinogenesis

Sullivan, Nicholas James 11 September 2009 (has links)
No description available.
195

Functional Characterization Of Human IkappaBzeta In Modulating Inflammatory Responses

Kannan, Yashaswini 20 October 2011 (has links)
No description available.
196

Caractérisation d’un nouveau composé thérapeutique agissant comme antagoniste allostérique du récepteur de l’Interleukine-6 en vue de la prévention des naissances prématurées et permettant de protéger l’intégrité fœtale

Prairie, Elizabeth 08 1900 (has links)
La naissance prématurée (PTB), soit une naissance se produisant avant la 37e semaine de grossesse chez l’humain, est encore à ce jour l’une des principales causes de mortalité et de morbidité néonatales. En accord avec les études actuelles, la gravité des issues à la naissance est fortement liée à une perte de la fine régulation physiologique de facteurs inflammatoires durant la grossesse. Notamment, plusieurs données ont identifié qu’une fluctuation à la hausse des taux d'interleukine(IL)-6 dans les tissus gestationnels, liquide amniotique et le sang fœtal augmentait grandement le pronostic de naissance prématurée et de ses comorbidités associées. En plus de créer un environnement inflammatoire défavorable durant la gestation, IL-6 augmente aussi les protéines d’activation utérine (UAP), ayant pour effet de diminuer le temps de gestation. À ce jour, les traitements disponibles consistent principalement à arrêter les contractions à l’aide de tocolytiques. Conséquemment, ils ne s'attaquent pas directement à l'inflammation maternelle en amont sur le développement du fœtus. C’est dans cette optique que notre laboratoire a développé un peptidomimétique, nommé HSJ633 (633), inhibant sélectivement le récepteur d’IL-6 (IL-6R). Brièvement, la liaison d’IL-6 à IL-6R permet l’activation de la protéine accessoire du récepteur, gp130, générant la phosphorylation des protéines STAT3, Akt et de Erk1/2. En se liant de manière allostérique, 633 a l’avantage d’inhiber sélectivement la voie de STAT3, celle-ci affectant principalement la production de protéines de la phase aiguë. Ainsi, nous émettons l'hypothèse qu’IL-6 peut causer des dommages aux tissus fœtaux et que l'inhibition d’IL-6R à l'aide de 633 améliorera les conditions à la naissance tout en maintenant l'intégrité du tissu fœtal. Durant tout ce travail, nous avons confirmé notre hypothèse en utilisant un modèle d’inflammation anténatal en administrant du lipopolysaccharide (LPS) sur des souris gestantes vers la fin de leur période de gestation. Les résultats ont montré que le LPS raccourcissait le temps de gestation, réduisaient le poids à la naissance et la survie des souriceaux. Nous avons confirmé qu’IL-6 est un acteur important dans l’induction de la PTB et que son inhibition sélective est suffisante pour diminuer les effets délétères de l’inflammation. De plus, nous avons caractérisé l’effet protecteur de 633 en analysant la transcription de gènes et la synthèse de protéines clés dans les tissus maternels et gestationnels. Nous avons poursuivi davantage la caractérisation en révélant la présence de 633 au niveau du placenta, mais pas dans le fœtus. Ces résultats permettent de clarifier que 633 diminue l’inflammation directement au niveau placentaire et qu’il empêche les dommages subséquents de se répercuter dans le fœtus. En outre, nous avons établi que 633 réduit la morphologie anormale des poumons et des intestins de la progéniture induite par l'inflammation. Ensemble, nos données montrent que 633 a rétabli avec succès les issues à la naissance en augmentant le temps de gestation, la survie à la naissance et en préservant l'intégrité des organes du fœtus dans un modèle de PTB induite par le LPS. Ces découvertes soulignent l’importance d’IL-6 et révèlent l’efficacité́ pharmacologique in vivo d’un nouveau modulateur de l’IL-6R. Le 633 est un nouveau prototype thérapeutique prometteur pour la prévention de la PTB chez l’humain. / Preterm birth (PTB), which occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy in humans, is still one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity. In agreement with current studies, the severity of birth outcomes is strongly associated with the loss of fine physiological regulation of inflammatory factors during pregnancy. Notably, several data have identified that upward fluctuation of interleukin (IL)-6 levels in gestational tissue, amniotic fluid, and fetal blood greatly increase the prognosis of preterm birth and its comorbidities. In addition to creating an adverse inflammatory environment during gestation, IL-6 also increases uterine activating protein (UAP), which results in decreased gestation time. To date, available treatments mainly consist of attempts to stop contractions with tocolytics. Consequently, they do not directly address the upstream maternal inflammation on the development of the fetus. To that end, our laboratory has developed a peptidomimetic, named HSJ633 (633), that selectively inhibits the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R). Briefly, binding of IL-6 to IL-6R allows activation of the receptor accessory protein, gp130, resulting in phosphorylation of STAT3, Akt and Erk1/2. By binding allosterically, 633 has the advantage of selectively inhibiting the STAT3 pathway, the latter mainly affecting the production of acute phase proteins. Thus, we hypothesize that IL-6 can cause fetal tissue damage and that inhibition of IL-6R with 633 will improve birth outcomes while also preserving the integritý of fetal tissue. Throughout this work, we confirmed our hypothesis using a model of antenatal inflammation by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into pregnant mice towards the end of their gestation period. The results showed that LPS shortened gestation time and reduced pup weight and survival. We confirmed that IL-6 is an important player in the induction of PTB and that its selective inhibition is sufficient to decrease the deleterious effects of inflammation. In addition, we characterized the protective effect of 633 by investigating gene transcription and key protein synthesis in maternal and gestational tissues. We further characterized the effect by revealing the presence of 633 in the placenta, but not in the fetus. These results clarify that 633 decrease inflammation directly in the placenta and prevents subsequent injury in the fetus. In addition, we found that 633 reduces inflammation-induced abnormal morphology of the lungs and intestines of the offspring. Taken together, our data show that 633 successfully restored birth outcomes by increasing gestation time, survival at birth, and preserving fetal organ integrity in an LPS-induced PTB model. These findings underscore the importance of IL-6 and unveil the in vivo pharmacological efficacy of a novel modulator of IL-6R. 633 is a promising new therapeutic prototype for the prevention of PTB in humans.
197

Tocilizumab för sjukhusinlagda patienter med covid-19 pneumoni

Al Heydari, Maryam January 2024 (has links)
Coronavirus eller SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrom coronavirus 2) som fick utbrott i december 2019 har väckt en stor uppmärksamhet och påverkat mänskligheten världen runt och inte minst påverkat den socioekonomiska balansen. Viruset som har ursprung i staden Wuhan i Kina sprider sig snabbt mellan människorna genom frekvent rekombination av det genetiska materialet. Redan efter ett år från utbrottet beräknades antal fall till 98 miljoner och dödsfallen till 2 miljoner globalt. Förutom lunginflammation leder infektionen till högre halter av proinflammatoriska markörer som CRP och höga nivåer av cytokiner som IL-6 som i slutändan kan resultera i en cytokinstorm. Därför anses en blockering av IL6 produktionen och/eller blockering av receptorbindningen vara en terapeutisk lösning för att begränsa patogenicitet. Tocilizumab som är den första immunmodulator som introducerades och testades mot covid-19 pneumoni har i flera studier gett upphov till heterogent resultat angående dess effekt på sjukdomen. Syftet med detta litteraturabete är att studera tocilizumabs effekt på covid-19 sjuka patienter med pneumoni och med måttlig till svår sjukdom. Genom sökning på databasen PubMed hittades sex randomiserade kliniska studier som valdes för att undersökas i detta arbete. Studierna jämförde effekten av standardbehandling med och utan tocilizumab. Resultatet blev heterogent men en signifikant förbättring observerades för tocilizumab vad gäller överlevnad, sjukdomsprogression och hälsostatus. Trots att tocilizumabs fördelar överväger dess nackdelar krävs det dock mer forskning kring läkemedlet för att kunna dra bättre samband mellan tocilizumab och dess effekter.
198

Modulation de l'expression des CYP1A2 et CYP3A6 par l'interleukine-1B[beta] et l'interleukine-6

Gabriac, Mélanie January 2007 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.
199

Análise da coinfecção entre ureaplasmas e o vírus do Papiloma Humano (HPV) em amostras cervicais e em um modelo de estudo \"in vitro\" de queratinócitos primários humanos (PHK). / Analysis of co-infection among ureaplasmas and the Human Papilloma Vírus (HPV) in cervical samples and in a infection model in vitro in primary human keratinocytes (PHK).

Amorim, Aline Teixeira 30 April 2015 (has links)
O desenvolvimento do câncer cervical depende da exposição ao HPV, fator necessário, mas não suficiente. Outras bactérias, tais como ureaplasmas, têm sido associadas como cofatores. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença de ureaplasmas em mulheres com lesão cervical, e observar alterações em PHK causadas pela infecção por ureaplasmas. 140 swabs vaginais foram coletados. O material foi submetido a PCR para a detecção de HPV, Mollicutes, U. urealyticum, U. parvum e seus sorotipos, e outras bactérias de importância ginecológica; e qPCR para U. urealyticum e U. parvum. Também foi realizada a infecção de ureaplasmas em PHK transformados com HPV. As células foram contadas e realizou-se a dosagem das citocinas IL1-β, IL-6 e TNF-α. HPV, Mollicutes, U. parvum, sorotipos 1 e 6 de U. parvum, T. vaginalis e G. vaginalis, além de alguns fatores socioeconômicos, foram associados com lesão cervical. Verificou-se maior carga de U. parvum entre mulheres com lesão. Houve diminuição do número de células e maior liberação de IL-6 e TNF-α nos grupos infectados. Com os resultados obtidos neste estudo, foi possível verificar uma associação entre os ureaplasmas e HPV no início das lesões cervicais, contudo mais estudos precisam ser realizados para aprimorar essa hipótese. / The development of cervical cancer depends on the exposure to HPV, necessary factor, but not enough. Other bacteria, such as ureaplasmas, have been associated as cofactors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of ureaplasmas in women with cervical injury, and observe changes in PHK infected by ureaplasmas. 140 vaginal swabs were collected. The material was subjected to PCR for detection of HPV, Mollicutes, Ureaplasma urealyticum, U. parvum (and serotypes) and other bacteria gynecological importance; qPCR for U. urealyticum and U. parvum was made. PHK transformed by HPV was infected by ureaplasma. Cells were counted and it was done titration of IL1-β, IL-6 and TNF-α. HPV, Mollicutes, U. parvum, serotypes 1 and 6 U. parvum, T. vaginalis and G. vaginalis, and some socioeconomic factors were associated with cervical injury. Besides this, it was detected higher load U. parvum among women with injury. There was decrease in cell number and increased release of IL-6 and TNF-α in infected groups. With the results of this study, we found an association among HPV and ureaplasmas at the beginning of cervical lesions, but more studies are needed to enhance this hypothesis.
200

Functions of mammalian microRNA in innate immunity to microbial infection

Schulte, Leon 04 March 2013 (has links)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) sind eine Klasse von ca. 22 nt langen, nicht-kodierenden RNAs, welche mittels Basenpaarung die Translationsrate und Stabilität von mRNAs herabsetzen. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht mittels Hochdurchsatz-Sequenzierung Expressionsveränderungen von miRNAs nach Infektion von kultivierten Wirtszellen mit dem mikrobiellen Modellpathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. In Makrophagen, welche eine Schlüsselfunktion in der Orchestrierung der angeborenen Immunität spielen, wurde im Zuge der Infektion eine Induktion der miRNAs miR-21, miR-146 und miR-155 beobachtet. Darüberhinaus stellten sich alle Mitglieder der evolutionär konservierten let-7 miRNA Familie in infizierten Makrophagen als herab reguliert heraus. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass let-7 miRNAs die zentralen Makrophagen-Zytokine IL6 und IL10 post-transkriptional reprimieren. Konsequenterweise bewirkt eine Reduktion der let-7 Expression in mikrobiell aktivierten Makrophagen eine Erhöhung der IL6 und IL10 Produktion. Weiterhin konnten den miRNAs miR-146 und miR-155 wichtige Funktionen in der Steuerung der Sensitivität und Aktivität von Makrophagen gegenüber mikrobiellen Stimuli nachgewiesen werden: während miR-146 primär die Aktivität des plasmamembranständigen Lipopolysaccharid-Rezeptors TLR4 herabsetzte und damit einer vorzeitigen inflammatorischen Makrophagenantwort vorbeugte, blieb miR-155 strikt an letztere gekoppelt, um die Aktivität diverser pro-inflammatorischer Signalwege zu begrenzen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Stimulation des cytosolischen Immunrezeptors NOD2 eine inflammatorische Makrophagenantwort und die resultierende miR-155 Induktion begünstigt und der negativen Kontrolle durch miR-146 entzieht. Dies verhindert möglicherweise eine Hyposensitivität gegenüber zellinvasiven Pathogenen. Zusammenfassend legen diese Beobachtungen nahe, dass miRNAs zentrale Funktionen in der post-transkriptionalen Steuerung der Wirtszellantwort auf mikrobielle Pathogene ausüben. / MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of approx. 22 nt long non-coding RNAs that interfere with mRNA translation and stability. Using high-throughput sequencing the present study investigated miRNA expression changes after infection of cultured host cells with the microbial model pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. In macrophages, which play a key role in the orchestration of innate immunity, infection caused the induction of miRNAs miR-21, miR-146 and miR-155. Moreover, all members of the evolutionarily conserved let-7 miRNA family were down-regulated in infected macrophages. This work reports let-7 miRNAs to function in the macrophage inflammatory response by repressing the major cytokines IL6 and IL10 post-transcriptionally. Consequently a reduction of let-7 expression in microbially activated macrophages results in a specific increase in IL6 and IL10 production. Furthermore, miR-146 and miR-155 could be assigned important functions in the control of the sensitivity and activity of macrophages to microbial stimuli: while miR-146 primarily reduced the activity of the plasma membrane associated lipopolysaccharide receptor TLR4, thereby preventing a premature macrophage inflammatory response, miR-155 stayed strictly coupled to inflammation in order to limit the activity of various pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Interestingly, it could be shown that stimulation of the cytosolic immune receptor NOD2 favors the macrophage inflammatory response and the concomitant induction of miR-155, while bypassing the negative control by miR-146. This may prevent hyposensitivity to cell-invasive pathogens. In summary, these observations suggest that miRNAs exert key functions in the post-transcriptional control of the host cell response to microbial pathogens.

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