The goal of the submitted thesis “The Suggestion and the Construction Environmental Management” is to analyze significance of environmental management system, description of tools of EMS implementation and introduction style in firm TTK CZ s. r. o.. The first part is concentrated on environmental policy concerning the business sphere. In the second part there is a general description of implementation tools of EMS, significance of EMS implementation and benefits of system. In the final part I characterize the firm TTK CZ s. r. o. which displays growing interest in achievement and demonstration of good environmental profile by management of operation impacts, products and services to environment in compliance with environmental policy.

Syfte – Syftet med studien är att skapa ett underlag för små företag som ska implementera ISO 14001, genom att undersöka och identifiera kritiska faktorer samt lösningar för att överkomma dessa. Resultatet av studien kommer sedan användas för att skapa ett ramverk till små företag när de implementerar miljöledningssystemet ISO 14001:2015. Metod – För att nå studiens syfte, har en litteratursökning utförts för att etablera ett teoretiskt ramverk. Syftet med detta var att identifiera kritiska faktorer när en implementering av ISO 14001:2015 utförs. En fallstudie har även utförts på ett tillverkande företag för att kunna samla in empiriska data. Metoderna som har använts i studien är intervjuer, enkäter och observationer. Den empiriska data och det teoretiska ramverket jämfördes och analyserades för att svara på studiens syfte och frågeställningar. Resultat – I det teoretiska ramverket och fallstudien, identifierades fem kritiska faktorer; kunskap och kompetens, involvering av anställda, resurser, identifiering av miljömål och företagets miljöpåverkan och företagskultur. Engagemanget från ledningen på företaget identifierades även som en kritisk faktor, men var starkt kopplat till kunskap och kompetens. Faktorn valdes därför att inkluderas i kunskap och kompetens. För att överkomma dessa, identifierades lösningar till dem kritiska faktorerna. Resultatet av lösningarna var att alla kritiska faktorer har en stark korrelation med varandra och att lösningarna var liknande. Träning och utbildning av dem anställda var en nyckel-lösning för att lösa dem kritiska faktorerna. Implikationer – Studien kan användas som ett ramverk och bidra som underlag till små företag som vill implementera ISO 14001:2015. Studien har identifierat kritiska faktorer vid implementeringen och hur man överkommer dessa, oavsett vilken bransch som företagen arbetar i, vilket gör att studien kan användas av olika typer av företag. Begränsningar – Eftersom restriktionerna som samhället har satt på grund av COVID19 pandemin, har antalet observationer och intervjuer blivit begränsade. Detta har vidare påverkat trovärdigheten på studien negativt. Fler observationer och intervjuer hade gett ett mer trovärdigt resultat. / Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine and identify critical factors as well as solutions to overcome these. The results will then be used to create a framework for small businessesto use when implementing the environmental management system ISO 14001:2015. Method – To reach the purpose of this study, a literature review has been conducted in order to establish a theoretical framework. The purpose of the theoretical frameworks was to identify critical factors when implementing ISO 14001:2015. A case study has also been conducted on a manufacturing company in order to collect empirical data. The methods used in the case study were interviews, surveys and observations. The empirical data and the theoretical framework were later compared and analysed to answer the study’s purpose and research questions. Findings – In the theoretical framework and the case study, five critical factors were identified: knowledge and competence, involvement of employees, resources, identifying environmental goals and the company’s environmental impact and corporate culture. The commitment of the senior management was also identified as a critical factor, but was strongly related to knowledge and competence, and therefore it was included in that critical factor. To overcome the critical factors, solutions to each critical factor was identified. With all the solutions identified, it was concluded that all the critical factors are strongly related. Furthermore, the solutions to overcome the critical factors were similar, where training and education of employees was a key solution to overcome the critical factors. Implications – The study can be used as a framework and provide help for small business that want to implement ISO 14001:2015. The study has identified critical factors in the implementation and how to overcome these, regardless of the area that companies work within and can therefore be used by different types of companies. Limitations – Because of the restrictions in the society following the COVID-19 pandemic, the amount of observations and interviews that should have been conducted was limited and therefore the credibility of the study was affected in a negative way. More observations and interviews would have given a more credibly result.

Bygg- och fastighetssektorn hör till de branscher som har störst påverkan på miljö och klimat. Med utgångspunkt i detta går det att argumentera för att branschen bör satsa på hållbarhetsområdet för att skona miljön. NCC är ett bygg- och fastighetsutvecklingsföretag som vill vara i framkant, inte enbart i fråga om hållbarhet utan även då det kommer till innovativa lösningar. NCC håller på att utveckla ett hållbarhetsverktyg, ABS – always, better, superior, med målet att konkretisera organisationens hållbarhetsarbete och påvisa mervärdet av hållbara affärer. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka förutsättningarna för hur hållbarhetsverktyget ABS skulle kunna utgöra ett stöd i produktionsverksamheten. Vidare är syftet att undersöka hur verktyget ABS kan kopplas till ISO 14001 och därmed företagets möjlighet till ständig förbättring av sin miljöprestanda. För att undersöka den formulerade forskningsfrågan användes kvalitativa intervjuer som sedan analyserades med en tematisk analys. Samtliga intervjuer genomfördes på NCC:s huvudkontor i Solna och främst på avdelningen Bostad Stockholm. Resultatet påvisar bland annat att hållbarhetsarbetet i en organisation kan hindras i många led. Det kan dels vara en fråga om brister i kunskapsspridningen inom organisationen eller mot kund, ett internt motstånd mot nya koncept, kostnadsfokus eller brist på incitament att bedriva hållbarhetsarbete. Vidare hinder skulle kunna vara avsaknad av rätt resurser eller ledningsstöd. En åtgärd som föreslås är pedagogiska insatser, både internt och mot kund. Verktyget ABS bör vidare utformas som en checklista för att vara enkelt, tydligt och användbart. Resultat och diskussion visar vidare på att det är möjligt att harmonisera ABS med ISO 14001. Detta främst genom att göra vissa anpassningar av ABS-kriterierna efter de betydande miljöaspekterna som identifierades i samband med NCC:s ISO 14001-certifiering. Således kommer ABS vidare kunna utgöra ett stöd för att påvisa ökad miljöprestanda. / The construction and property business falls among the sectors that have the greatest impact on the environment and climate. Due to this it is possible to argue that the entire sector should invest in protecting the environment. NCC is a construction and property development company that aims to be on the forefront, not only in terms of sustainability but also when it comes to innovative solutions. NCC is currently developing a sustainability tool called ABS - always, better, superior. This in order to concretize the organization's sustainability goals but also to be able to exemplify added value of a sustainable business. Further, the purpose of this study is to investigate on what basis the sustainability tool ABS is perceived to be a support in production. The purpose of this study is also to examine how the tool ABS can be linked to ISO 14001 and thus the company's ability of continuous improvement in their environmental performance. The method used to investigate the research question was qualitative interview. The data was analyzed by using a thematic analysis. The result demonstrates that there are many obstacles for the sustainability work of the organization due to many levels. Gaps in the knowledge management, either within the organization or towards customers, internal resistance to new concepts, focus on costs or disincentives to engage in sustainability are some examples. Further obstacles could be lack of proper resources or in management support. This study recommends educational efforts, both internally and towards the customers. The ABS tool could work as a support in the organization's sustainability work, provided that it is user friendly. This to avoid that the tool is considered an administrative burden in the projects. It seems that the results and discussion indicate that it is possible to harmonize ABS with ISO 14001. This primarily by making some adjustments to the ABS criteria to incorporate significant environmental aspects identified in NCC's ISO 14001 certification. Thus, the ABS tool can also serve as a support for the detection of environmental performance.

Omvärlden ställer allt oftare krav på miljömässigt hållbara varor och tjänster. Alltfler organisationer väljer därför att införa miljöledningssystem enligt den internationella standarden ISO 14001. Att införa ett sådant system innebär förändringar i en organisations verksamhet. Förändringsprocesser kan skapa motstånd hos medarbetare i verksamheten. Syftet med studien är att se vilka utmaningar som projektledare möter vid införande av miljöledningssystem och hur de hanterar dessa. Fem projektledare som lett införandet av ISO 14001 har intervjuats och resultaten har analyserats med hjälp av grundad teori. Genom kodning, kategorisering och analys av intervjumaterialet framträdde två huvudsakliga kärnkategorier – motstånd och möjliggörande. Det framkom att projektledarna har upplevt motstånd vid införandet av miljöledningssystemet i form av ifrågasättande, bristande engagemang, kulturpåverkan, bristfälligt ledningsstöd och otydligt uppdrag. De såg samtidigt att kommunikationsanpassning, verksamhetsanpassning, engagemangskapande, delaktighetsskapande och organisationsnyttjande underlättar införandet. Studiens resultat bidrar med ökad kunskap om vilka faktorer som kan vara viktiga att ta hänsyn till vid införande av miljöledningssystem.

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

<p>I denna uppsats diskuteras problematiken kring användandet av miljöredovisningen som ett beslutsunderlag vid leverantörsval. Syftet är att ta reda på om Vattenfall AB Värme Uppsalas miljöredovisning uppfyller de krav som ställs på den av externa intressenter i egenskap av beslutsunderlag. För att uppfylla detta syfte har de externa intressenternas intressen representerats av IASB:s kvalitativa egenskaper. På grund av denna substitution har vi valt att samla in det empiriska materialet genom intervjuer med två anställda på Vattenfall AB Värme Uppsala som arbetar med miljöredovisningen. Empiriskt material har även insamlats genom en källanalys av ”Säkerhet, hälsa och miljö 2006” som är den publikation där Vattenfall AB Värme Uppsalas miljöredovisning ingår. Den teoretiska referensramen består av ISO 14001:s 17 kategorier av miljöledningssystemet, EMAS krav på offentliggörande av information samt de tidigare nämnda kvalitativa egenskaperna. Den slutsats som har uppnåtts genom att ställa empirin mot teorin är att de krav som antas ställas av externa intressenter på Vattenfall AB Värme Uppsalas miljöredovisning till viss del är uppfyllda. Företaget möter dock delvis problem när det gäller att realisera tankar som kan relateras till de kvalitativa egenskaperna.</p>

An Environmental Management System (EMS) can be defined as "... a formal set of procedures and policies that define how an organization will manage its potential impacts on the natural environment and on the health and welfare of the people who depend on if (Andrews et al, 1999:2). In an effort to sustainably manage its own activities, products, services and facilities, various municipalities around the world have, in the past few years, started to follow the private sector trend and implemented the International Standards Organization (ISO) 14001 EMS voluntarily (Von Malmborg, 2003:1). Despite recent growth of EMS literature, evidence in terms of the effectiveness of EMS is still sparse, and little data exists on the effectiveness and benefits of an EMS (Edwards et al, 1999:36) especially in relation to local government. It's also possible that the potential benefits an EMS holds for an organization remains only "talk" and "paper commitments" (Andrews et al, 1999:2). The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of ISO 14001 for local government with specific reference to the City of Tshwane (CoT). The research results suggest limited effectiveness of EMS. The main reasons for limited achievement of expected EMS benefits and thus its partial effectiveness were mainly identified as low commitment to environmental issues, insufficient resources, poor EMS implementation, low environmental awareness, ignorance and limiting internal procedures. This research concludes with recommendations to the CoT and municipalities in general to improve the overall effectiveness of its EMS. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

The implementation of an environmental management system such as the standard ISO 14001 is a common way to manage environmental responsibilities in an organisation. In 2015 ISO 14001 was updated with some major changes like Annex SL, management engagement, strategic engagement, risk-based thinking, life cycle perspective, improved environmental management and interested parties. The purpose of ISO 14001 is to improve the environmental performance of the organisation, but also to increase the degree of employee involvement and with that sustainable development can be supported through the implementation of the standard. The involvement of employees in an organisation with an environmental management system was studied at the Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU). By law a Swedish university must have an environmental management system. SLU has implemented ISO 14001 as their environmental management system and was chosen for the research. The applied methods were a literature review and case study where interviews and a survey were used. The changes in ISO 14001:2015 were investigated as a part of the literature review. In this method, review studies were investigated to see if any of the changes were discussed before the standard was updated. There was no found research that discussed if drawbacks of version 14001:2004 were actually taken into account when the newest version of the standard was produced. This subject therefore makes the study important to perform. Environmental coordinators were interviewed to find out if the changes in 14001:2015 supported increased participation in the standard. A survey was conducted with environmental coordinators at SLU to investigate how the changes in ISO 14001:2015 were viewed and if the results differed if performed from those obtained from a similar comparison at companies. The reason to study the effects of the changes in the standard at a university and to compare the results with companies is important since it is not optional for the university to adopt an environmental management system as it is for another type of organisation. Most of the discussed shortcomings from ISO 14001:2004 did match what was changed in the version from 2015. However, the review studies that were investigated did not discuss the life cycle perspective which was considered to be a major and important change. Therefore, this lack of discussion is viewed as a weakness in the review studies. It was also concluded that, even though employees did become involved to a greater extent in the environmental management system at SLU, it could not be made sure if it was because of the implementations of the changes in ISO 14001:2015. It was most likely because of the major work SLU had done the last three years when certifying the whole organisation. Instead, the conclusion was that it is important to work inclusively with the environmental management system and it seems that the more it is discussed in an organisation, the more employees will become involved. Lastly, it was seen in the thesis that a university and the studied companies viewed the environmental work both similarly and differently. Both thought that only small benefits would be the result of the implementation of the changes in ISO 14001:2015. What differed between the two groups of organisations was that SLU thought that the changes would not give any major difficulties while the companies on the other hand thought that it would create substantial extra work.

La investigación se llevó a cabo en un laboratorio de productos farmacéuticos, dedicada a la fabricación y el acondicionamiento de medicamentos nobetalactámicos. El desarrollo de sus actividades implica el consumo recursos (agua, energía, compuestos químicos) y la generación de residuos (residuos peligrosos, emisiones atmosféricas, vertimientos), las cuales sin una gestión adecuada, pueden dar lugar a impactos ambientales no deseados o al incumplimiento de la legislación. Por ello, se ha desarrollado una propuesta de implementación de un sistema de gestión ambiental mediante el desarrollo de los criterios expuestos en la norma ISO 14001:2015, siendo estas: contexto de la organización, liderazgo, planificación, implementación (soporte, operación), verificación (evaluación del desempeño) y mejora.

M.B.A. / "There has been an increased concern regarding environmental issues in the international community during the last couple of decades. Whereas nongovernmental organisations have played an important role in drawing attention to environmental impacts caused by industrial activities, governments and international organisations have responded by promulgating increasingly stringent legislation" (Hall, 1998:3). As Hall emphasised in the above statement more pressure is placed on international competing organisations to prove to the international community that they are committed to positive environmental performance. This is normally done through the implementation of an integrated environmental management system, such as the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) ISO 14001 (1996) system, followed by third party certification. A decision was made by the Billiton Board that all its subsidiaries would implement an integrated, internationally accepted environmental management system. To ensure that the same standard applies to all its operations it was decided that all subsidiaries must implement the SABS ISO 14001 (1996) environmental management system, coupled with third party certification. Samancor, is a subsidiary of Billiton, who owns operations all over the world. Thus individuals at each Samancor plant was tasked with SABS ISO 14001 (1996) implementation and certification. Five of the plants already received SABS ISO 14001 (1996) certification and Palmiet Ferrochrome is currently in the process of developing and implementing the SABS ISO 14001 (1996) standard. The aim of the dissertation is to determine if the implementation of SABS ISO 14001 (1996), as an integrated environmental management system would ensure environmental legal compliance in the Samancor group. The different Samancor plants are not only pressurised to become SABS ISO 14001 (1996) certified by the parent company, Billiton, but also by its customers seeing that most of Samancor's products are exported and sold on the international market. As a result of these pressures the company is actively engaged in a dynamic integrated environmental management plan, which deals with all aspects of air, water, ground and solid waste pollution.