Using the 2014 State of the Union Address as an example, I show that the public honoring of physically wounded veterans hides the emotional, psychological, social, and moral wounds of military service, creating a normative veteran identity based on mental toughness, and essentializes all veterans as honorable by default. Using Michel Foucault’s notion of Panopticism from <i>Discipline and Punish</i>, I argue that this unquestioned heroism of the veteran disciplines the nation, disengages the population from involvement, and enables unchecked, perpetual war. In response, I propose that we avoid thanking veterans publicly and abstractly, instead approaching each and every veteran personally in full recognition of their unique set of relations. This would improve veteran reintegration, politically engage the population in discourse regarding military conflict, and ultimately serve as a check on the use of state violence.

The genesis and development of modern African literature in indigenous languages in South Africa cannot be satisfactorily handled without linking them to the historical, social and political developments in South Africa. The first literary works to be published in South Africa in indigenous languclges were the products of western imperialist agents, the missionaries especially. This literature was later exposed to further ideologies when the government took control of education for Af~cans. The intensification of th€ liberation struggle from mid 20th century saw literature becoming another area of resistance politics in South Africa. African writers began to write in English. The birth of the Black Consciousness Muvement in the late sixties gave further impetus to this development with the emergence of black protest literature. This study seeks to investigate thes. developments in both African literature and black protest literature by employing a materialist analysis, specifically focusing on ideology as a material condition. / Afrikaans and Theory of literature / (M.A. (Theory of Literature ))

Submitted by Andrea Hayashi (deachan@gmail.com) on 2016-06-27T18:03:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-marco-aurelio-de-passos-rodrigues.pdf: 612862 bytes, checksum: c47f0f0a0b3cc6f32e3d4d3fbe1907e7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Andrea Hayashi (deachan@gmail.com) on 2016-06-27T18:10:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-marco-aurelio-de-passos-rodrigues.pdf: 612862 bytes, checksum: c47f0f0a0b3cc6f32e3d4d3fbe1907e7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T18:10:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-marco-aurelio-de-passos-rodrigues.pdf: 612862 bytes, checksum: c47f0f0a0b3cc6f32e3d4d3fbe1907e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar a obra Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem e entender como se constitui a relação entre linguagem e ideologia. Para estabelecer como se organiza esta relação, dividiremos este trabalho em três partes. A primeira expõe o debate que a obra faz com três importantes adversários: i) a ortodoxia marxista; ii) o neokantismo, em específico, um dos membros desta escola filosófica, Ernst Cassirer e, por fim, iii) Ferdinand de Saussure. O segundo capítulo expõe de que maneira é construído no interior de Marxismo o conceito de linguagem e como esta surge como um projeto de uma filosofia marxista da linguagem. Para isso, são analisados temas como: a consciência, significação e analise da ideologia. No terceiro capítulo, será explicado de que forma é colocado em prática a tentativa de aplicação do método sociológico por meio da análise do discurso direto e indireto. Após as explicações desses capítulos serão realizadas as considerações finais. / This dissertation intends to study the book Marxism and the Philosophy of Language and to understand how the relationship between language and ideology is established. To do this we will divide this text in three parts. The first one presents the book’s exchange with three important antagonists: i) Marxist orthodoxy; ii) Neokantianism, particularly one of the participants of this philosophical school, Ernst Cassirer; and iii) Ferdinand de Saussure. The second Chapter presents the way the concept of language is established inMarxism and how this constitutes the project of a Marxist philosophy of language. In the third Chapter, we explain how the attempted application of the sociological method is putted into practice by means of an analysis of the direct and indirect speech. After that, we present our final considerations.

abstract: A large amount of research examines the effect of partisan polarization on the institution of Congress, yet we know remarkably little about this political phenomenon’s precise effect on the political behavior of the American electorate. Some scholars argue that polarization is healthy for democracy because it allows political elites to send clear cues to the mass public, but other scholars postulate that polarization is bad for democracy. Decades of research on voter turnout resulted in a vast accumulation of knowledge on the subject. However, scholars must pay greater attention to data collection and measurement strategies because the prevalent technique to quantify voter turnout artificially deflates participation rates. I take two paths to uncover the effects of partisanship on the decision to vote. From the micro perspective, I utilize a variety of partisanship measures based on survey data. From the aggregate perspective, I argue that calculating voter turnout based on the voting eligible population (VEP) is a superior measurement strategy to other techniques. I adoopt a VEP measure of voter turnout for state-wide races (1994-2010). The results suggest that polarization is an important factor that increases voter turnout at both the individual and aggregate levels. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Political Science 2016

Esta dissertação analisa as articulações da disputa por hegemonia com julgamentos sobre o significado de qualidade da educação de alunos de uma escola municipal e de uma escola privada de Porto Alegre. O trabalho vincula-se ao campo da Sociologia da Educação na medida em que se interessa pelo estudo da estabilidade e da mudança da hegemonia e suas relações com a realidade educacional. Para tal estudo, considera-se necessária a operação de complexa teoria, utilizando-se os conceitos de ideologia, articulação e hegemonia, além de complexa metodologia, optando-se por uma análise relacional. Este estudo toma alunos como público de pesquisa para incluir julgamentos daqueles que são atendidos pela educação no debate sobre a educação. Estes são julgamentos sobre um tema específico: a qualidade. A opção por estudar os julgamentos dos alunos sobre esta palavra decorre de que ela tem sido considerada o eixo fora do qual não tem sido possível o diálogo sobre avanços educacionais, independentemente do que signifique. A partir do entendimento bakhtiniano de que a disputa pelo significado da palavra é o indicador preciso da disputa pela ideologia, analisa-se como se articulam os julgamentos dos alunos sobre o que é qualidade, para que se possa compreender então a ideologia. Relaciona-se, assim, a ideologia presente nos julgamentos dos alunos com a hegemonia, e se a relaciona com as condições sociais específicas dos alunos. Neste sentido, a opção por alunos de uma escola privada e de uma escola municipal advém do interesse de entender como a questão de classe, bem como os projetos pedagógicos das escolas, influencia nos seus julgamentos. Os dados obtidos apontaram como os alunos, ao mesmo tempo que interagem com as influências de seus contextos específicos e com a hegemonia, ativamente rearticulam sentidos e constituem julgamentos ideológicos sobre o que é qualidade. As diferentes formas como a noção de qualidade é interpretada, nos cenários pesquisados, e as possibilidades de confronto a noções vinculadas à hegemonia de mercado, articuladas nos julgamentos, apontam para o caráter histórico e instável da hegemonia na educação. / The present thesis aims at analysing the articulations of the dispute for hegemony with judgements about the meaning of quality in education from students from a municipal and a private school in Porto Alegre. This research is linked to the field of Sociology of Education in that it is interested in the study of stability and change of hegemony and its relations to educational reality. For this task, complex theory operation is required, and, in this sense, ideology, articulation and hegemony are key concepts here. Also, complex methodology is important for this complex enterprise, and relational analysis is also basal in this study. This investigation takes students as its research public, in order to include judgements of those who are the target in education in the debate of education. These are judgements about a specific matter: quality. The option for studying student’s judgements about this particular word stems from the fact it has been considered an axis outside which it has been impossible a dialogue about educational improvements, despite what it means. Based on the bakthinian understanding that the dispute for the meaning of a word indicates precisely the dispute for ideology, it is analysed how student’s judgements about quality are articulated, in order to understand ideology. So, ideology in their judgements is related to hegemony, and also to student’s specific social conditions. In this sense, the option for students from a private and a municipal school comes from an interest in understanding how the matter of class, as well as the pedagogic projects from each school, influences their judgements. Data obtained indicates how, at the same time students interact with the influences of their specific contexts and with hegemony, they actively rearticulate meanings and constitute ideological judgements about quality. The different ways the notion of quality is interpreted, in the research field, and the possibilities of confrontation to notions linked to the hegemony of market, articulated in their judgements, point to the historic and unstable properties of hegemony in education.

Sugere-se neste trabalho que o irrealismo constitui uma característica marcante da corrente dominante na ciência econômica que explica o desempenho decepcionante das atividades de previsão e explanação realizadas com base nesse paradigma. Após desenvolver o pouco claro conceito de irrealismo na ciência econômica, mostrando quando ele ocorre e quais são suas causas, busca-se relacionar sua presença com aquele desempenho decepcionante. Defende-se que ele pode ser explicado pela negligência da maior parte da corrente dominante em relação ao realismo de suas proposições, negligência traduzida na utilização amplamente difundida nas práticas dessa corrente de modelos irrealistas, que são aqueles que não buscam ou, se o fazem, não são bem-sucedidos em capturar uma parcela relevante da realidade. Sugere-se que o emprego de modelos irrealistas é geralmente - mas não sempre - o resultado da insistência do mainstream na ciência econômica em aderir à abordagem dedutivista em um mundo caracterizado pela não-ubiqüidade de regularidades estritas que ela invariavelmente pressupõe, e se manifesta tipicamente na aplicação generalizada em situações concretas de modelos econômicos fortemente abstratos cujos pressupostos implicam a operação de mecanismos que são inválidos nessas situações específicas. A explicação para esta tendência ao irrealismo do mainstream, por sua vez, se encontra no fato de que a grande maioria dos modelos elaborados a partir dessa perspectiva pressupõe a onipresença de estruturas de mercado competitivas a despeito de que em muitas - e mesmo na maioria das - situações reais elas estão claramente ausentes, o que decorre do viés ideológico que os economistas associados à corrente dominante possuem e que se caracteriza pela crença inequivoca nas insuperáveis virtudes do mecanismo de mercado e da propriedade privada como princípios orientadores centrais da organização da produção e mesmo da vida em sociedade. Essa crença se encontra na origem do liberalismo econômico tradicional e do neoliberalismo, e sua defesa obrigatoriamente requer que os mercados sejam, pelo menos em sua grande maioria, competitivos. Para satisfazer essa hipótese a ideologia neoliberal impõe à realidade a onipresença de estruturas de mercado competitivas, possíveis em abstrato mas geralmente ausentes em situações reais, o que faz com que os modelos construídos a partir da abordagem que a ela adere assim como a própria abordagem sejam freqüentemente irrealistas. / This work suggests that irrealism is a remarkable feature of mainstream in economics and explains the poor performance of both activities of prediction and explanation that heavily draw from this paradigm. After elaborating the unclear concept of irrealism in economics, showing when it occurs and what are its causes, I try to relate its presence to that poor performance. It\"s sustained that this performance can be explained by the negligence of most of mainstream practioners concerning the realism of their propositions, negligence that translates into the widely spread use of unrealistic models, those that do not try or, if they do, they don\"t succeed in capturing a relevant portion of the reality, in their practices. It\"s suggested that the use of such an unrealistic models is mostly - but not always - due to the insistence of mainstream economics in sticking to the deductivistic approach in a world where the strict regularities that it inevitably assumes are extremely scarce, and tipically shows itself in abstract models widely applied to concrete situations where their assumptions imply the operation of mechanisms that happen to be invalid in those specific situations. The account of that tendency to irrealism in mainstream economics should be looked for in the fact that the large majority of models they create assumes the ubiquity of competitive market structures despite in many real situations - probably in most of them - they are clearly absent, what is a result of the ideological bias that mainstream economists have, defined by the strong belief in the insurmountable virtues of the market mechanism and private property as general principles for the organization of production and even for life in society. This belief is found in the origin of traditional economical liberalism and of neoliberalism, and its defense inevitably requires markets to be, at least in their large majority, competitive. In order to satisfy that assumption neoliberal ideology imposes into reality the ubiquity of competitive market structures, possible as an abstraction but generally absent in real situations, what frequently making those models that heavily draw from this paradigm as well as the whole approach totally unrealistic.

Orientador: Paulo Cesar Montagner / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T02:30:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ramirez_FernandadeAragaoe_D.pdf: 1779970 bytes, checksum: 711746e3b3a58e0a41466d0fc932be0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O objetivo desse estudo evoca depreender um panorama das abordagens pedagógicas no esporte a partir das concepções de visão de mundo que foram surgindo ao longo de um tempo histórico. Parte-se do princípio de que nenhuma teoria pode ser integral em si mesma e que nenhuma prática, em termos significantes, pode ser, de fato, a aplicação de uma teoria. Implica assumir o ponto de falta com o qual se depara tanto as produções acadêmicas (ciência) quanto as propostas metodológicas e didáticas sobre a prática esportiva. Observa-se que são as diferenças nas abordagens teóricas que fazem a dinâmica normal de crescimento e de consolidação de uma ciência e constituem paradigmas distintos. Há uma modificação no foco de análise: pergunta-se 'como' ou 'de que forma' essa realidade está constituída ao invés de questionar 'o quê' é tal realidade. O que interessa é compreender as ideologias que se constroem a partir daí, sendo que esta significa a maneira pela qual se encara um objeto, o que se percebe nele e como ele é interpretado por cada um. Desta forma, procura-se, aqui, a construção de um documento que indique as visões de mundo dos pesquisadores envolvidos com as teorias investigadas de forma a verificar como os elementos catalisadores - padrões que indiquem a existência de um lugar de conhecimento próprios daqueles que compartilham uma mesma ideologia - se orientam dentro das visões de mundo e não propriamente o que representa cada uma dessas práticas pedagógicas no esporte / Abstract: The objective of the present study is to obtain a view of the pedagogical approaches in the sport from the conceptions of worldly views that came to be through a historical period of time. Starting from the idea that no theory can be self-sufficient and that no sporting practice, in significant terms, can be, in fact, the application of a theory. I implies to accept the default point with which one faces both the academic production as well as the methodological and teaching propositions about the sports practice. To be noted that the different ways to the theoretical approaches that make the normal growth and consolidation dynamics of a science and are different patterns. There is a modification in the analyzing focus: one asks "how" or "in what way" this very reality is constructed instead of questioning "what is" that reality. What really matters is to be able to understand the ideologies that are built from this point, being that is the way one looks an object, what you perceive in it and how it is interpret by each one. In this way, one searches here, the construction of a document which shows the visions of the world by the researchers involved with the theories that are studied in a way to check out the catalyzing elements - patterns that indicate the existence of a place for knowledge common to those who share the same ideological believes - guide themselves through the visions of world and not exactly what represents each one of these pedagogical sporting practices / Doutorado / Ciencia do Desporto / Doutora em Educação Física

This dissertation investigates patterns of financial exchange in Ukrainian couples. While previous studies of money management focus on the physical organization of money in the home—e.g. pooled, independent, partially pooled—I focus on the meaning of money in exchange and explore how patterns of exchange become legitimized in the home. Drawing on data from 110 in-depth interviews with married and cohabiting individuals, I advance a theory of gendered money and demonstrate how couples give special symbolic meaning to men’s money in domestic exchanges. Unlike earlier perspectives on gender and money such as resource theories and gender performance, this framework acknowledges money as a prop and tool that couples use to construct gender boundaries and signal normalcy in the marital relationship. Integrating concepts from economic sociology with Hochschild’s insights on the symbolism of domestic labor, I find that Ukrainians use money as a token and symbol of value, not as a commodity with which to obtain desired outcomes. By spending men’s money on "necessary" items and avoiding accessing women’s money in the household, couples construct men’s money as both visible and valuable while rendering women’s money non-fungible. Partners adopt the financial practices that feel comfortable and gender-appropriate, even when women earn more than their husbands. Building on this framework of gendered money, I problematize the concept of a gender "ideology" by arguing that gender beliefs do not always drive financial practices in ways anticipated by gender scholars. Using Swidler's toolkit theory of culture to better understand the duality of gender beliefs and gender structures, I argue that not all gender beliefs can be conceptualized as "ideological." I explore how many of my respondents were inconsistent in the ways they discussed gender and fairness in the home. These inconsistencies provide evidence that individuals can be highly flexible in the ways they legitimize their domestic exchanges. This flexibility creates dilemmas for individuals who desire to change their strategies of action over time. Specifically, I give examples of women’s thwarted desires—respondents who wanted to align their practices with their beliefs but could not due to the lack of cooperation from their partner. I conclude that practices need not always match articulated beliefs; moreover, particular patterns of exchange are culturally entrenched and difficult to displace. Lastly, I analyze how money and labor are symbolically exchanged in the home. I argue that power asymmetries occur when one partner must exert more labor to engage in an otherwise “equal” exchange with their partner.

This thesis assesses two prominent evangelical models of worldview analysis and, in light of the findings, offers a constructive proposal. Chapter 1 describes evangelicalism's implementation of the worldview concept. It argues that apologetics must be carried out on the worldview level. Hence, there is a compelling need for rigorous worldview analysis of opposing positions. Chapters 2 and 3 delineate the elements of transcendental and abductive worldview analysis, respectively. Both chapters provide a brief historical sketch of the distinct methodologies. In addition, each methodology is explored in terms of its strategy, engagement with other worldviews, and strengths and weaknesses. This study concludes that transcendental analysis suffers from several crippling weaknesses. It is unable to bridge the gap from ontological to conceptual necessity and to overcome the possibility of hypothetical worldview competitors. Also, significant portions of the transcendental starting point, the biblical canon, fail to give self-attestation, thus requiring external validation. Transcendental analysis seems better suited for usage in scenarios where an opponent can be reduced to absurdity or for a proof of God's existence based on a common phenomenon of human experience. Overall, abductive analysis stands as the superior option. However, it was noted that it best operates within a framework that contains relevant background information for establishing common ground. This is the aim of the last chapter. Chapter 4 articulates a constructive proposal for evangelical abductive analysis. It argues that the proper framework for abductive analysis should follow the contours that Scripture lays down itself---the fundamental plot line of redemptive history. The best articulation of this plot line is the creation-fall-redemption matrix (CFR). This schema maintains cosmic significance, touching upon the core existential issues of humanity---human origins, predicament, and remedy. Thus, it offers the best opportunity of establishing contact with the background beliefs in hopes of demonstrating that the Christian worldview offers the best explanation to these pressing matters. Chapter 5 summarizes the essential points of the study and suggests areas for future research. / This item is only available to students and faculty of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. If you are not associated with SBTS, this dissertation may be purchased from <a href="http://disexpress.umi.com/dxweb">http://disexpress.umi.com/dxweb</a> or downloaded through ProQuest's Dissertation and Theses database if your institution subscribes to that service.

Master of Arts / Department of Communications Studies / Colene J. Lind / Artists influence society. We also often consider the question of whether we can or should separate the art and the artist. In January 2016 The Birth of a Nation premiered at the Sundance Film Festival to near unanimous praise. Shortly after the release, past allegations of sexual assault against the filmmaker, co-writer, and star Nate Parker’s past came to light. This revelation about his past continues a long and unfortunate history of artists who have completed culturally relevant works but who have been morally suspect human beings. I therefore explore how communities reconcile and support an artist accused of reprehensible acts or how they condemn the artist and reject support for them or their work. I find that commentators who engage in this controversy call forth specific communities. These communities are bound by their identities, and I suggest how they potentially are able to move forward, grow, and possibly come together across lines that include gender, race, ideology, social status, and personal identity and how they communicate and grow as individuals. Through revised discourse, these communities may be able to one day communicate across cultural lines that are currently deep chasms, separated by ideology and identity.