The 1990s have seen an extraordinary growth industry in books and articles about globalization. However, far too much of this material has reinforced the message that globalization is an unstoppable force sweeping away national sovereignty and inevitably creating a brave new world of borderless and boundless consumerism. This essay in view of political economics to realize globalization influence, especially for ¡¥Labour Rights¡¦. Because of neo-liberalism¡¦s globalization is expanding the disparity between the rich and the poor. For International Labour Organization(ILO) describes:¡uglobalization increasing unemployment rate ,a growing proportion of structural unemployment ,a growth of new jobs which for an important part are non-standard jobs(such as contract labour)¡v.The impact of globalization on labour and Trade Unions, International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) argued that Trade Unions have declined. Besides, labour class has divided from ¡¥peripheral employees¡¦ and ¡¥core employees¡¦. The former to represent unskilled workers , their wage lower and job easy to replace by foreign labour. Globalization creating a crowd of migrant workers, their labour rights needs to protect. Foreign workers to leave their own country to earn a living, they are new industrial reserve army. Because their jobs belong to¡u3D¡v(dirty,dangerous,difficult). They replace peripheral employees by lower wages and bad work conditions. ILO argued must to protect. Foreign workers, because they are minimum labour standards. From this essay viewpoint, Globalization to influence global labour rights. The state, International Organization(ILO,ICFTU),transnational corporation (TNCs) are leading roles. The state to play a decisive role, because the state can use policy and laws to protect labour rights¡F ILO to play a core role from protect labour rights issue, specially its International Labour Standard (ILS,1998)¡FTNCs to play a free-will role, likes anti-sweatshop movement and corporation social responsibility (CSR). From the whole viewpoint, this essay focuses on globalization and labour rights. This article to believe globalization change labour rights, because labour migration increasing. And in the new times, leading roles will hold new influence. Taiwan in this wave of globalization wills how to suit, especially foreign workers issue.

El presente estudio de investigación se realizó en el camal municipal y ferias semanales de la provincia de Ilo de la región Moquegua, con el objetivo de evaluar las pérdidas económicas por decomiso de vísceras en animales beneficiados en el camal municipal y ferias semanales en la provincia de Ilo, periodo 2005 – 2012, los datos se obtuvieron mediante la revisión de registros del camal, periodo 2005 – 2012 e Inspección Sanitaria directo para las vísceras en ferias semanales durante el primer trimestre del año 2012, donde los decomisos fueron por presencia de Distomatosis, Hidatidosis, Enfisemas y Cirrosis, que representan riesgos para la salud humana, los órganos de decomiso fueron pulmones e hígados en diferentes especies;en el camal municipal de Ilo, en el periodo 2005 – 2012 se beneficiaron 43 980 animales entre vacuno, ovino y porcino; y se decomisaron 1 448 vísceras que corresponde a 3,29%, en las ferias semanales se inspeccionaron 3 960 vísceras (vacuno, ovino y alpacas), se decomisaron 233 vísceras que corresponde a 5,63%, en el camal municipal se decomisó un volumen total de vísceras de 7 523 kg con una pérdida económica de S/. 55 552,5 nuevos soles y, en las ferias semanales se decomisó un total de 392,30 kg de vísceras con una pérdida económica de S/. 2 953,00 nuevos soles.

In this thesis, a centralized hardware monitoring system for HP servers is developed at Ericsson in Linköping. The centralized system is then evaluated and compared to the current decentralized monitoring system. The results show that not only is the information displayed by the centralized system more detailed, but the configuration process for new servers is also simplified. Cost savings are also identified, since the same monitoring plugin and configuration script can be used for all server generations. Interviews with employees who work with monitoring on a daily basis also shows that they prefer the centralized monitoring system over the current decentralized system, however a high availability solution needs to be implemented for the central part of the monitoring system since it otherwise can become a single point of failure.

A presente dissertação objetiva analisar a definição de prevenção em matéria de segurança e saúde no trabalho proposta pela Convenção 187 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), a fim de identificar elementos que possam contribuir para o aprimoramento da tutela à saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. Essa Convenção, aprovada em junho de 2006 durante a 95ª Conferência Internacional do Trabalho, representa a mais recente atuação normativa da OIT para a prevenção de acidentes do trabalho e de doenças ocupacionais. Trata-se de um marco normativo promocional de uma nova estratégia global em prol do meio ambiente do trabalho seguro e saudável. Neste sentido, defende-se a ideia de que a Convenção 187 da OIT constitui-se em um importante campo de juridicidade que poderá colaborar, caso seja ratificada, para a promoção da saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. Depreende-se que o Brasil, por meio da Constituição Federal de 1988 e das normas infraconstitucionais posteriores (especialmente a Lei 8080/90), já iniciou uma normatização em que a prevenção à saúde do trabalhador deve ser realizada levando-se em conta todos os fatores intervenientes no meio ambiente do trabalho. Tal prevenção está em consonância com um novo paradigma de tutela, o qual preconiza a proteção ao meio ambiente do trabalho em sentido integral (paradigma emergente). No entanto, identifica-se que o atual modelo brasileiro apresenta obstáculos, vistos como desafios, para uma plena proteção ao meio ambiente do trabalho. Esses obstáculos são representados, especialmente, pelos limites de tolerância; pela culpabilização da vítima e pela cultura do EPI. Através da pesquisa, identificam-se quatro elementos na Convenção 187 da OIT que poderão contribuir para aperfeiçoar a tutela à saúde do trabalhador no Brasil, e, consequentemente, para uma transição de paradigmas na prevenção. São eles: 1) respeito a um meio ambiente do trabalho seguro e saudável; 2) participação ativa dos trabalhadores; 3) sistema de direitos com responsabilidades e deveres definidos; 4) máxima prioridade ao princípio da prevenção. / This thesis aims to analyze the definition of preventative occupational safety and health proposed by Convention 187 of International Labour Organization (ILO), to identify elements that may contribute to the improvement of tutelage for occupational health in Brazil. This Convention, approved in June 2006 during the 95th International Labor Conference, is the latest normative work of the ILO for the preventative occupational accidents and occupational diseases. This is a promotional normative framework of a new global strategy for the safe and healthy work environment. In this sense, it is defended the idea that the Convention 187 of the ILO is an important legality field that will be able to contribute, if ratified, to promote occupational health in Brazil. This infers that Brazil, through the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil and subsequent infra-constitutional laws (especially Law 8080/90), it has already initiated a standardization in which the prevention of occupational health should be carried out taking into account all the factors involved in the work environment. Such a prevention is in line with a new tutelage paradigm, which advocates the protection of the work environment in its full sense (emerging paradigm). However, it is identified that the current Brazilian model presents obstacles, seen as challenges, to a full protection of the work environment. These obstacles are mainly represented by the threshold limit values, the victim-blaming and the culture of PPE. Through the research, four elements can be identified in the ILO Convention 187 that may contribute to improving the tutelage for occupational health in Brazil, and consequently for a transition of paradigm in prevention. They are: 1) respect to a safe and healthy work environment, 2) active participation of workers, 3) rights system with defined responsibilities and duties, 4) highest priority to the principle of prevention.

In this study different variables proven to be correlated with labor rights to are used in a qualitative – descriptive study of the labor rights environment in the DR-CAFTA Latin American countries in order to determine if the current situation in Guatemala, subject of the first labor rights dispute under a free-trade agreement in United States history, is mirrored in each country, or is an environment unique to Guatemala. After a review of the variables this study concludes that Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua all have similarly low levels of all the correlated variables studied, but that Guatemala does in fact present as having a political and legal environment that is less conducive to labor rights.

A presente dissertação objetiva analisar a definição de prevenção em matéria de segurança e saúde no trabalho proposta pela Convenção 187 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), a fim de identificar elementos que possam contribuir para o aprimoramento da tutela à saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. Essa Convenção, aprovada em junho de 2006 durante a 95ª Conferência Internacional do Trabalho, representa a mais recente atuação normativa da OIT para a prevenção de acidentes do trabalho e de doenças ocupacionais. Trata-se de um marco normativo promocional de uma nova estratégia global em prol do meio ambiente do trabalho seguro e saudável. Neste sentido, defende-se a ideia de que a Convenção 187 da OIT constitui-se em um importante campo de juridicidade que poderá colaborar, caso seja ratificada, para a promoção da saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. Depreende-se que o Brasil, por meio da Constituição Federal de 1988 e das normas infraconstitucionais posteriores (especialmente a Lei 8080/90), já iniciou uma normatização em que a prevenção à saúde do trabalhador deve ser realizada levando-se em conta todos os fatores intervenientes no meio ambiente do trabalho. Tal prevenção está em consonância com um novo paradigma de tutela, o qual preconiza a proteção ao meio ambiente do trabalho em sentido integral (paradigma emergente). No entanto, identifica-se que o atual modelo brasileiro apresenta obstáculos, vistos como desafios, para uma plena proteção ao meio ambiente do trabalho. Esses obstáculos são representados, especialmente, pelos limites de tolerância; pela culpabilização da vítima e pela cultura do EPI. Através da pesquisa, identificam-se quatro elementos na Convenção 187 da OIT que poderão contribuir para aperfeiçoar a tutela à saúde do trabalhador no Brasil, e, consequentemente, para uma transição de paradigmas na prevenção. São eles: 1) respeito a um meio ambiente do trabalho seguro e saudável; 2) participação ativa dos trabalhadores; 3) sistema de direitos com responsabilidades e deveres definidos; 4) máxima prioridade ao princípio da prevenção. / This thesis aims to analyze the definition of preventative occupational safety and health proposed by Convention 187 of International Labour Organization (ILO), to identify elements that may contribute to the improvement of tutelage for occupational health in Brazil. This Convention, approved in June 2006 during the 95th International Labor Conference, is the latest normative work of the ILO for the preventative occupational accidents and occupational diseases. This is a promotional normative framework of a new global strategy for the safe and healthy work environment. In this sense, it is defended the idea that the Convention 187 of the ILO is an important legality field that will be able to contribute, if ratified, to promote occupational health in Brazil. This infers that Brazil, through the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil and subsequent infra-constitutional laws (especially Law 8080/90), it has already initiated a standardization in which the prevention of occupational health should be carried out taking into account all the factors involved in the work environment. Such a prevention is in line with a new tutelage paradigm, which advocates the protection of the work environment in its full sense (emerging paradigm). However, it is identified that the current Brazilian model presents obstacles, seen as challenges, to a full protection of the work environment. These obstacles are mainly represented by the threshold limit values, the victim-blaming and the culture of PPE. Through the research, four elements can be identified in the ILO Convention 187 that may contribute to improving the tutelage for occupational health in Brazil, and consequently for a transition of paradigm in prevention. They are: 1) respect to a safe and healthy work environment, 2) active participation of workers, 3) rights system with defined responsibilities and duties, 4) highest priority to the principle of prevention.

A presente dissertação objetiva analisar a definição de prevenção em matéria de segurança e saúde no trabalho proposta pela Convenção 187 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), a fim de identificar elementos que possam contribuir para o aprimoramento da tutela à saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. Essa Convenção, aprovada em junho de 2006 durante a 95ª Conferência Internacional do Trabalho, representa a mais recente atuação normativa da OIT para a prevenção de acidentes do trabalho e de doenças ocupacionais. Trata-se de um marco normativo promocional de uma nova estratégia global em prol do meio ambiente do trabalho seguro e saudável. Neste sentido, defende-se a ideia de que a Convenção 187 da OIT constitui-se em um importante campo de juridicidade que poderá colaborar, caso seja ratificada, para a promoção da saúde do trabalhador no Brasil. Depreende-se que o Brasil, por meio da Constituição Federal de 1988 e das normas infraconstitucionais posteriores (especialmente a Lei 8080/90), já iniciou uma normatização em que a prevenção à saúde do trabalhador deve ser realizada levando-se em conta todos os fatores intervenientes no meio ambiente do trabalho. Tal prevenção está em consonância com um novo paradigma de tutela, o qual preconiza a proteção ao meio ambiente do trabalho em sentido integral (paradigma emergente). No entanto, identifica-se que o atual modelo brasileiro apresenta obstáculos, vistos como desafios, para uma plena proteção ao meio ambiente do trabalho. Esses obstáculos são representados, especialmente, pelos limites de tolerância; pela culpabilização da vítima e pela cultura do EPI. Através da pesquisa, identificam-se quatro elementos na Convenção 187 da OIT que poderão contribuir para aperfeiçoar a tutela à saúde do trabalhador no Brasil, e, consequentemente, para uma transição de paradigmas na prevenção. São eles: 1) respeito a um meio ambiente do trabalho seguro e saudável; 2) participação ativa dos trabalhadores; 3) sistema de direitos com responsabilidades e deveres definidos; 4) máxima prioridade ao princípio da prevenção. / This thesis aims to analyze the definition of preventative occupational safety and health proposed by Convention 187 of International Labour Organization (ILO), to identify elements that may contribute to the improvement of tutelage for occupational health in Brazil. This Convention, approved in June 2006 during the 95th International Labor Conference, is the latest normative work of the ILO for the preventative occupational accidents and occupational diseases. This is a promotional normative framework of a new global strategy for the safe and healthy work environment. In this sense, it is defended the idea that the Convention 187 of the ILO is an important legality field that will be able to contribute, if ratified, to promote occupational health in Brazil. This infers that Brazil, through the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil and subsequent infra-constitutional laws (especially Law 8080/90), it has already initiated a standardization in which the prevention of occupational health should be carried out taking into account all the factors involved in the work environment. Such a prevention is in line with a new tutelage paradigm, which advocates the protection of the work environment in its full sense (emerging paradigm). However, it is identified that the current Brazilian model presents obstacles, seen as challenges, to a full protection of the work environment. These obstacles are mainly represented by the threshold limit values, the victim-blaming and the culture of PPE. Through the research, four elements can be identified in the ILO Convention 187 that may contribute to improving the tutelage for occupational health in Brazil, and consequently for a transition of paradigm in prevention. They are: 1) respect to a safe and healthy work environment, 2) active participation of workers, 3) rights system with defined responsibilities and duties, 4) highest priority to the principle of prevention.

Os padrões de ratificação de Convenções da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) e de coalisões sobre os patamares internacionais mínimos de trabalho, ao longo dos anos, podem ser explicados pela teoria de vantagem comparativa de David Ricardo, pelo modelo Heckser-Olin sobre exportações e pelo teorema de efeitos distributivos de Stolper-Samuelson. Nos últimos anos, alguns autores examinaram variáveis que poderiam potencialmente influenciar a decisão dos Estados de ratificar ou não Convenções da OIT. Sob a perspectiva da economia política internacional, variáveis tais como recursos internos e capacidade de investimentos foram usadas previamente no modelo sobre coalizões no livre comércio criado por Rogowski. Neste artigo, o nível de escolaridade é acrescentado a um modelo teórico que agrupa países de acordo com o seu respectivo fator interno de produção mais abundante, capacidade de investimentos e nível de escolaridade, orientando os respectivos apoios ou recusas em relação à adoção de padrões internacionais mínimos de trabalho. O modelo teórico foi testado por uma análise descritiva dos padrões de ratificação a partir de banco de dados criado para tal finalidade, no qual foram combinados dados oficiais e premissas originais de comparação. O banco de dados poderia ser utilizado para organizar países com base em diversos critérios e, para o objetivo do presente artigo, a conclusão alcançada foi no sentido de que os recursos produtivos internos e a capacidade de investimentos são relevantes para a formação de coalizões em relação à adoção dos patamares internacionais mínimos de trabalho, enquanto que os níveis de escolaridade são irrelevantes. / The ratification patterns at International Labor Organization (ILO) Conventions and coalitions on minimum International Labor Standards throughout the years can be explained by David Ricardo\'s theory of comparative advantage, Heckser-Olin model on exports and the distributional effects of the Stolper-Samuelson theorem. Over the last years, literature has examined variables that could potentially affect States\' decision to ratify or not ILO Conventions. Under the international political economy perspective, variables such as endowment and investment capability were previously used in the model on free trade coalitions, designed by Rogowski. In this article, educational attainment is added to a theoretical model that team up countries according to their most abundant internal factor of production, investment capability and educational attainment, guiding their support or disapproval of international minimum labor standards. The theoretical model was tested by a descriptive analysis of ratification patterns for which a database was built, combining official data and original premises of comparison. The database could be used to organize countries by any criterion, and for the purposes of this article the conclusion is that factor endowment and investment capacity are relevant to the formation of coalitions on minimum International Labor Standards at ILO, whereas education attainment is irrelevant.

This qualitative research paper examines the emergence and main features of International Framework Agreements (IFAs) as a form of transnational labour relations. IFAs originated in the 1980s and proliferated after 2000. They aim to secure core labour rights across multinational corporations global supply chains. Globalisation changed the world of work, and, as a result, there is a call to look beyond national borders with reference to labour relations. Transnational corporations were the primary movers of mobility, but since then finance, people, and ideas joined the world of flows, introducing the new arena of transnational labour relations. The purpose of this research was primarily to determine what transnational labour relations are, and to determine whether IFAs form part of this transnational labour relations system. By conducting a document analysis and doing a literature review, the researcher analysed the contents of various articles, and assessed the substantive and procedural aspects of some IFAs concluded before 2008. Finally, key issues surrounding IFAs, such as the scope of agreements, trade union capacity, and global supply chains, are discussed in the context of international labour s campaigning, organising, and negotiation activities. Based on various features of international trade union activity, such as world company councils, codes of conduct, and international social dialogue, IFAs constitute an important and innovative tool in transnational labour relations. / Mini Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / tm2016 / Human Resource Management / MCom / Unrestricted

The intention with this essay is to illustrate the conflicts that might occur when states implement renewable energy strategies on lands that have traditionally belonged to indigenous peoples. To do so I have analysed case studies from Sweden as well as Latin America regarding renewable energy projects in areas that could be claimed to belong to indigenous groups and compared the conclusions from these studies to what the existing legal framework on the topic of the rights of indigenous peoples dictates. The results show that the main international legislation on the topic is very clear in expressing that states should grant indigenous peoples access to lands and territories that have traditionally been occupied by them, as well as granting them participation in the exploitation of natural resources. The analysis of the case studies shows that there exists a tendency among states to bypass what is stipulated in the international regulations when executing renewable energy projects, as well as using the term “sustainable development” as a cover-up when violating the rights of indigenous peoples. Although the international legislation on the topic is very precise, the majority of the world’s countries have not ratified the main legally binding convention. I conclude that one reason for this could be that states would find it hard to reach environmental objectives while at the same time complying with the legislation on the rights of indigenous peoples, i.e. states face difficulties in fulfilling sustainable environmental and economic objectives with sustainable social objectives.