Most scholars who have researched on missionaries in British Columbia have not taken gender into account. This dissertation narrates and analyzes the biographies of the two founding generations of the Sisters of Saint Ann and the Oblates of Mary Immaculate. It compares their origins in Quebec and Europe, their life histories, their experiences teaching school, and their formation of the next generation of their religious communities in British Columbia. The role of gender in shaping these individuals' lives and identities can be seen in each aspect of the comparison. Both the Oblates and the Sisters experienced the asymmetry of the female and male organizations within the larger church. Over time two Roman Catholic missionary systems evolved in British Columbia: the Sisters' system of educative and caring institutions for the peoples of the province and the Oblates modified reduction system for Aboriginal peoples, known in academic literature as the Durieu system. School teaching, particularly work in residential schools for Aboriginal children, linked the two systems. The French Oblate leaders aimed to masculinize the missions and feminize school teaching. The Canadian Sisters of Saint Ann, however, set most of the educational policies within both their own institutions and those they ran at Oblate Aboriginal missions. Case studies of Oblate brothers and Sisters of Saint Ann work as teachers in 1881 show that the nuns, as members of a separate religious congregation, could negotiate with the patriarchs of the Roman Catholic church, whereas the Oblate brothers could not. Such factors affected generational continuity. The Canadian sisterhood reproduced itself in the region as a local family 'dynasty,' whereas the French Oblate order did not. Taking gender into account in a study of pioneer missionaries in British Columbia does not simply reverse the standard history where the Oblates, as men, appear central, and the Sisters of Saint Ann, as women, appear on the margins. Rather the evidence of gender widens the range of discussion and increases awareness of the complexity of the province's social and educational history. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

The Diplom's Thesis "Mariology of Louise M. Grignion de Montfort and Leo XIII" The Marian worshiper Louis Maria Grignion of Montfort worked in France as a Catholic priest and missionary at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. Grignion, the promoter of the rosary prayer and marian veneration, which Pope Leo XIII blessed in 1888, on the 50th anniversary of his ordination to the priesthood, left in his writings a spiritual message and taching, the elements of which we find in the works of Pope Leo XIII. This Pope is the author of Marian encyclicals promoting the rosary prayer. The tematic similarity in his view of the figure of the Virgin Mary and her influence in history appears in both, Grignion and Leo XIII, in the field of mariological expression and in the inseparable trinitological basis of mariology. The first chapter of this work contains the biography of the priest and missionary Louis M. Grignion of Montfort. It is followed by a biography of Gioacchino Pecci, the pope of the Roman Catholic Church since 1887. The second chapter clarifies the periodic conditionality of Grignion's works and outlines his partial mariology and Marian veneration. The third chapter maps the thinking of Louis M. Grignion implicitly present in the Marian encyclicals of Leo XIII on a general level and then in the...

Globalization has turned the world into one ”huge village”. Various nations and cultures have integrated during this process and multiculturalism has resulted. Yet, many people are struggling to accept one another as members of one ”global village”. The difference in culture, race and ethnicity are creating barriers amongst the various nations. These hurdles prevent many communities from living in peace and harmony. Religious community are also facing similar struggles. The Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Conception (FIC) and other international congregations are called by the Bible and the church to give hope of unity in a diverse cultural context. These congregations are challenged on a continuous basis to search for processes that will assist them to take up their prophetic dimension in witnessing the possibility of living multicultural life in unity. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)

Globalization has turned the world into one ”huge village”. Various nations and cultures have integrated during this process and multiculturalism has resulted. Yet, many people are struggling to accept one another as members of one ”global village”. The difference in culture, race and ethnicity are creating barriers amongst the various nations. These hurdles prevent many communities from living in peace and harmony. Religious community are also facing similar struggles. The Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Conception (FIC) and other international congregations are called by the Bible and the church to give hope of unity in a diverse cultural context. These congregations are challenged on a continuous basis to search for processes that will assist them to take up their prophetic dimension in witnessing the possibility of living multicultural life in unity. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)

Submitted by Leonardo Lima (leonardoperlim@gmail.com) on 2016-04-11T14:27:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 O Asilo de Órfãs São Benedito em Pelotas.pdf: 7186207 bytes, checksum: 9501700f515369298978ca896f83506d (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-04-11T15:02:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 O Asilo de Órfãs São Benedito em Pelotas.pdf: 7186207 bytes, checksum: 9501700f515369298978ca896f83506d (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-04-11T15:07:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 O Asilo de Órfãs São Benedito em Pelotas.pdf: 7186207 bytes, checksum: 9501700f515369298978ca896f83506d (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-11T15:07:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 O Asilo de Órfãs São Benedito em Pelotas.pdf: 7186207 bytes, checksum: 9501700f515369298978ca896f83506d (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / A presente dissertação consiste em uma pesquisa histórica no âmbito da História da Educação, mais precisamente na História das Instituições Educativas. A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar aspectos históricos do Asilo de Órfãs São Benedito, atual Instituto São Benedito, fundado no início do século XX na cidade de Pelotas/RS para abrigar meninas negras. A delimitação temporal deste estudo corresponde as primeiras décadas do século XX, tendo como ponto de partida a fundação da instituição em 1901. Para poder analisar a trajetória educativo-institucional do asilo, buscou-se fazer alguns apontamentos sobre a institucionalização da infância desvalida no Brasil, contextualizar a cidade de Pelotas a partir do século XIX e a situação da comunidade negra dessa cidade depois da Abolição da Escravatura. Com o respaldo da Nova História é que se recorreu à prática historiográfica da micro-história e aos referenciais da História Vista de Baixo para a análise do corpus documental, constituído por documentos escritos, narrativas orais dos atores educativos e algumas fotografias referentes ao Asilo de Órfãs São Benedito. A função desempenhada pelo asilo foi fundamental na vida das meninas carentes, pois durante muitos anos, a obra assumiu ao mesmo tempo o papel da família, da escola, da Igreja e de setores da sociedade que tinham interesse na manutenção dessa instituição A instrução primária, moral e religiosa ofertada às meninas, contribuiu para torná-las boas mães, boas esposas e aptas para o trabalho doméstico. A partir deste viés é que se buscou investigar aspectos do Asilo de Órfãs São Benedito: o lugar da órfã na sociedade, características da educação institucionalizada, o estereótipo de mulher formada no Asilo de Órfãs e a relação da sociedade pelotense com a instituição. / This dissertation consists in a historical research of History of Education, specifically the History of Educational Institutions. The research aims to analyze historical aspects of São Benedito Orphan Asylum, São Benedito Institut currently, founded in the early twentieth century in the city of Pelotas / RS to harbor black girls. The temporal delimitation of this study correspond to the first decades of the twentieth century, having as the starting point the foundation of the institution in 1901. In order to analyze the educational and institutional trajectory of the asylum, we attempted to make some notes about the institutionalization of an underprivileged childhood in Brazil, contextualize the city of Pelotas from the nineteenth century, and the situation of the black community in this city after the abolition of slavery. With the backing of the New History is that resorted to historiographical practice of the micro-history and to the referential of the History view from below for analyzing the documentary corpus, constituted of written documents, oral narratives of the educational actors and some photographs relating to the Orphan Asylum São Benedito. The function performed by the asylum was underlying in the lives of those underprivileged girls, because for many years, the work assumed at the same time the role of family, school, church, and sectors of society that had an interest in maintaining this institution The primary instruction, religious and moral education offered to those girls, helped make them good mothers, good wives and suitable for domestic work. From this bias is that we sought to investigate aspects of the São Benedito Orphan Asylum: the place of orphans in the society, characteristics of institutionalized education, the stereotype of the women formed in the Orphan Asylum and the relationship of the Pelotense's society with the institution.

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Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka Miles Aldridges fotografi Immaculée#5 som gestaltar en Jungfru Maria som innehar ett uttryck av extas. Med hjälp av Panofskys ikonografiska metod och feministisk och psykoanalytisk teori analyseras verket för att utforska hur det religiösa verket kan tolkas i en samtida kontext. Slutsatsen innehåller en konklusion om att en förhistorisk kontext om Jungfru Maria och genomförda kritiska analyser visar att Immaculée#5 kan representera ett visuellt kvinnoförtryck baserat på bland annat sexuell voyeurism. / The purpose of the essay is to examine Miles Aldridge's photograph Immaculée#5, which depicts a Virgin Mary holding an expression of ecstasy. Using Panofsky's iconographic method and feminist and psychoanalytic theory, the work is analyzed to explore how the religious work can be interpreted in a contemporary context. The conclusion is that a prehistoric context about the Virgin Mary and critical analyses show that Immaculée#5 can represent a visual oppression of women based on sexual voyeurism, among other things.

[pt] A presente pesquisa é uma abordagem dos aspectos históricos e teológicos da compreensão atual dos dogmas marianos, por meio de algumas representações de Maria presentes na iconografia cristã. Trata-se de um diálogo entre a arte e o pensamento dogmático mariano. Aborda sistematicamente temas sobre o desenvolvimento da mariologia, mais especificamente dos seus dogmas no decorrer dos séculos, correlacionando-os pedagógica e reflexivamente à luz da iconografia cristã. Os dogmas são essenciais na compreensão acerca da pessoa de Maria. Pela iconografia, Teologia em cores, é possível apresentar temas centrais do pensamento dogmático mariano. Este trabalho também busca mostrar a vivência dos dogmas de Maria por meio da piedade popular latino-americana e brasileira, observando a possibilidade do conhecimento que há na interação entre Teologia e Arte. / [en] This research is an approach to the historical and theological aspects of the current understanding of the Marian dogmas, through some representations of Mary present in Christian iconography. It is a dialogue between art and marian dogmatic thinking. Systematically addresses themes about the development of mariology, more specifically of the Marian dogmas during the centuries, correlating them pedagogical and reflexively in the light of Christian iconography. Dogmas are essential in understanding about the person of Mary. By iconography, color theology, it is possible to present central themes of the Marian dogmatic thinking. This work also seeks to show the experience of the dogmas of Mary through Latin American and Brazilian popular piety, trying to show the possibility of knowledge that there is in the interaction between theology and art.

本文主要針對清代杭州城一棟性質在天后宮與天主堂之間多次轉化的宗教建築，探討其對清代杭州城社會生活與公共空間的影響。 / 除緒論、結論外，全文共包括四章。緒論介紹論文結構，並簡單梳理近來中國城市史研究的進展和相關議題。另外，在緒論中特別提到了韓書瑞（SusanNaquin）關於廟宇與明清北京城市歷史與生活的專著。此書透過宗教建築的變遷和作為城市公共場所的功能來看其對城市歷史的反映以及對城市生活的影響，對本文的研究視角和取徑產生了重要的指導作用。 / 第一章介紹清代杭州城內政治、經濟與宗教文化等不同區位的形成以及城市管理概況，以說明數座天后宮在杭州城內原本坐落的不同位置以及其後的主要變化。第二章以明末清初到雍正八年之間天主教在杭州的發展歷史為線索，介紹杭州天主堂的建立以及之後因為禁教而改做武林門天后宮的背景，藉以分梳政府宗教政策以及地方宗教管理實務之間的複雜互動。第三章探究武林門天后宮在雍正八年以後的發展，並特別著重討論官員、文人與紳商家族的各種互動關係。第四章討論由鴉片戰爭到太平天國軍隊撤離杭州的道光、咸豐、同治期間，武林門天后宮如何又在戰爭與外交局勢變動過程中而再回天后宮改為天主堂的歷史。結論強調：基於宗教建築不斷變化其性質、功能、以及在城市公共生活中扮演的不同角色，人們可以從中了解國家的對內與對外政策以及地方行政管理如何實際影響著城市的面貌，而變化的城市面貌，又將影響城市的歷史與公共生活。 / This thesis examines the urban history of Qing dynasty Hangzhou by closely analyzing the religious architecture of one Tianhou temple and one Catholic Church. This examination summarizes the evolution of these features and offers some thoughts on the influence that those changes made to social life and public spaces in Hangzhou. / Apart from the introduction and conclusion, this thesis consists of four chapters. The introduction briefly reviews works Chinese urban history by scholars from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Mainland China and abroad. It then surveys the types of historical material used in the project. In particular, it reviews the contributions in Susan Naquin’s work on Beijing’stemples in Ming and Qing China as a major source of inspiration for the perspective taken in this work, as it draws upon Naquin’s perspective on religious architecture as a part of a city’s public space in order to combine an analysis on social life and urban history. / The first chapter discusses the history of Hangzhou’s administration and its political, economic, cultural and religious development in the Qing Dynasty. It then outlines the history of the locations and major changes to the Tianhou temples dedicated to the goddess Mazu throughout the city. / The second chapter begins at the end of Ming Dynasty and ends in 1730. Over this period of time, Catholicism became more popular in Hangzhou, and people built a glamorous Catholic church in the city. In 1730, provincial governor Liwei turned Hangzhou Catholic Church into the Wulin Men (the Gate of Wulin) Tianhou temple because of the Yongzheng Emperor’s prohibition of Catholicism. The case study in this chapter allows the author an opportunity to discuss the complicated interaction between governmental religious policy and local administration. / Chapter three concerns the development of Wulin Men Tianhou temple in the following century. This chapter pays special attention to the interaction of local government officials, literati, and gentry-merchant families. / Chapter four covers wars and changing diplomatic situations happened from the Opium War to the early years of the Tongzhi Reign. This chapter relates the lifting of the taboo on Catholicism in the late Qing and the transformation of the Wulin Men Tianhou temple back into a church. / The conclusion emphasizes: From the changing nature of religious buildings, as well as attention to its shifting functions and roles in urban life, one may understand something about how the internal and external policies of the government combined in local administration and development. This perspective can change our perspective on our city, which will in turn influence its history and public life. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 楊歌. / Parallel title from English abstract. / Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2015. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-158). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Yang Ge.