<p>I rapporten undersöks problemställningen ”<strong>Hur kan teorin om Gemensam grund och specifikt ”gemensamt avslut” bidra till en ökad förståelse för betydelsen av social interaktion i flexibel undervisning via datorförmedlad kommunikation?” </strong>i en fallstudie med fokus på videokonferenssystem vilka används i lärandemiljöer. Resultaten som framkom tydliggjorde att då ett sociotekniskt glapp uppstår tvingas studenterna att skapa alternativa strategier för att kunna uppnå just det här gemensamma avslutet. Därmed uppvisar också resultaten att drivkraften att uppnå gemensamt avslut inte endast är stark vid kommunikation som sker ansikte mot ansikte utan även vid datorförmedlad kommunikation. Fallstudiens resultat kan därmed ses som ett bidrag till grundforskningen i det att betydelsen av att uppnå gemensamt avslut vid datorförmedlad kommunikation uppvisas, vilket också förstärker betydelsen av Clarks (1996) teori om gemensam grund. Vidare har resultaten från fallstudien också använts för tillämpad forskning då designkonsekvenser tagits fram vilka beskriver hur videokonferenssystem i lärandemiljöer bör utformas för att studenter lättare ska kunna uppnå gemensamt avslut via systemen. Med hjälp av dessa designkonsekvenser kan det sociotekniska glappet reduceras och därigenom skapa ett framgångsrikt lärande för studenter vilka studerar via flexibelt lärande.</p>

Cette étude a comme objectif principal de comprendre les incidences culturelles ou économiques transformatrices des politiques publiques de développement local enclenchées à travers trois programmes de développement local d’envergure nationale dans les différentes zones de mode de vie en Haïti depuis 2006. En vue d’atteindre cet objectif, après une révision de la littérature théorique et empirique, une enquête de terrain auprès d’un échantillon systématique de trois-cent quatre-vingt-quatre chefs de ménages exerçant tout au moins leur propre activité de production ou de service a été réalisée. L’outil qui a été privilégié pour la collecte des données sur le terrain est le questionnaire-interview. De l’analyse des données de l’enquête de terrain, par l’intermédiaire de tableaux de fréquence et de Tests de McNemar, il en ressort que l’appartenance des bénéficiaires aux initiatives de développement issues de l’aide-projet permet respectivement de renforcer leur niveau d’attachement aux croyances et pratiques scientifiques à 19.53%, leur vision rationnelle du temps et de l’espace à 4.69%, leur conception positive de la compétition économique à 23.96%, leur perception positive de la réussite économique à 12.76%, leur opinion favorable à l’investissement et à l’épargne à 13.54%, leur détachement au fatalisme et au conformisme à 23.70% et leur opinion favorable au risque à 24.22%. Et, suivant les Tests de McNemar effectués, ces différentes contributions ont été statistiquement significatives au plus au seuil de 5%. Donc, l’appartenance à un projet productif peut être un bon vecteur de renforcement des traits culturels conditionnels de développement dans les différentes localités haïtiennes. Ce constat dans une certaine mesure donne raison à Lacoste (1965), Zaoual (2005), Charmillot (2008) qui voient en l’implantation de tout projet de développement dans les pays en développement une condition d’affaiblissement voir de destruction de la culture traditionnelle au profit de celle du développement.Par ailleurs, ces projets n’apportent pas de contribution significative au renforcement d’un esprit favorable au collectivisme et aux rapports intra-territorialisés chez les bénéficiaires comme l’avait présupposé l’hypothèse de recherche initiale. Ce résultat confirme en partie les thèses de Barthelemy (1987), Casimir (2001), Dorvilier (2007) et Sainsiné (2007) affirmant la dominance de l’esprit collectiviste chez les habitants du milieu rural haïtien. Il met tout aussi en question leur conception de la nature quasi exclusive des rapports intra-territorialisés des exploitants du milieu rural haïtien.A l’aide du modèle de régression logistique binaire, il y a lieu de constater que les seuls facteurs expressifs des projets de développement expliquant significativement le renforcement de certaines modalités de la variable expliquée sont d’abord ceux caractéristiques du niveau d’exposition des bénéficiaires aux volets techniques et instructifs des projets à savoir la formation technique reçue et la quantité restreinte de moins trois rencontres d’affaires mensuellement entretenues et ensuite ceux de nature financière à savoir le plus haut montant reçu ou emprunté par les bénéficiaires de la part des projets (10 000- 20 000 HTG) et le plus haut niveau de profit réalisé par eux à partir des projets (10 000-20 000 HTG). / The main objective of this study is to understand the transformative cultural or economic impacts of public policies of local development initiated though three national development programs of national importance in different zone of lifestyle in Haiti since 2006.Order to reach this objective, a field survey of a systematic sample of three hundred and eighty-four head of households at least performing their own production or service activity was carried out. Following a review of the theoretical and empirical literature, the tool that has been favored for collecting data in the field is the questionnaire-interviews.From the analysis of the field survey data, by using frequency tables and McNemar Tests, it appears that the fact that the beneficiaries belong to the development initiatives resulting from the project aid makes it possible respectively to strengthen their level of attachment to scientific beliefs and practices to 19.53%, their rational vision of time and space to 4.69%, their positive conception of economic competition to 23.96%, their positive perception of economic success at 12.76% , their favorable opinion on investment and savings at 13.54%, their detachment to fatalism and conformism at 23.70% and their favorable opinion of risk at 24.22%. And, according to McNemar's Tests performed, these different contributions were statistically significant at most at the 5% threshold. Therefore, belonging to a productive project can be a good vector for reinforcing the cultural conditionalities of development in the different Haitian localities.This observation to a certain extent gives reason to Lacoste (1965), Zaoual (2005), Charmillot (2008) who see in the implementation of any development project in developing countries a condition of weakening or even destruction of culture. for the benefit of development.In addition, these projects do not make a significant contribution to strengthening a spirit of collectivism and intra-territorial relations among beneficiaries, as the initial research hypothesis had assumed.This result confirms in part the theses of Barthelemy (1987), Casimir (2001), Dorvilier (2007) and Sainsiné (2007) affirming the dominance of the collectivist spirit among the inhabitants of rural Haiti. It also puts into question their conception of the almost exclusive nature of the intra-territorial relations of farmers in rural Haiti.Using the binary logistic regression model, it should be noted that the only expressive factors of development projects that significantly explain the strengthening of certain modalities of the explained variable are, first of all, those characteristic of the level of exposure of the beneficiaries. the technical and instructive aspects of the projects, namely the technical training received and the limited quantity of at least three-monthly business meetings, and then those of a financial nature, i.e. the highest amount received or borrowed by the beneficiaries from the projects (10 000- 20 000 HTG) and the highest level of profit realized by them from the projects (10 000-20 000 HTG).These results validate the thesis of Berthelemy (2006), Dorvilier (2007, 2011) and Logossah (2007), stipulating that the educational factor is a good vector capable of minimizing the impact of certain negro-African cultural traits that seem incompatible. to the logic of progress and economic growth. In this work, technical training in the same line of thought of the authors raised seems to facilitate a strengthening of the degree of attachment to scientific values and practices, of the rational vision of time and space, of the attitude favorable to the savings and investment, the spirit favorable to the decline of collectivism among the beneficiaries of the projects.

Non-invasive side-channel attacks (SCAs) are potent attacks on a cryptographic circuit that can reveal its secret key without requiring lots of equipment. EM side-channel leakage is typically the derivative of the power consumption profile of a circuit. Since the fluctuations of the supply voltage strongly depend on the topology and features of the power distribution network (PDN), design of the PDN has a direct impact on EM side-channel leakage signature. In this thesis, we explore the security implications of distributed on-chip voltage regulators against EM side-channel attacks. Extensive HFSS simulations have demonstrated that the maximum EM radiation can be reduced by 33 dB and 11 dB, respectively, at the top and bottom sides of an integrated circuit through distributed on-chip voltage regulation. The primary reason is that the power is delivered locally through partially shorter and thinner metal lines as compared to off-chip implementation.

O objetivo desta dissertação é investigar, no âmbito da gestão pública, as implicações éticas de afirmar e promover Direitos de cidadania por meio da criação de políticas públicas, enquanto que por mecanismos trabalhistas os têm solapado de quem está sendo responsabilizado por sua execução. Essa análise está centrada no Programa Saúde da Família, política pública objeto desse estudo, Programa caracterizado, segundo os seus idealizadores, como uma estratégia destinada a reorientar e organizar o modelo tecnicoassistencial na atenção básica em saúde. Na primeira etapa, foi desenvolvido o trabalho de coleta de dados por meio de pesquisa e análise documental, visando constituir uma visão integrada e coerente sobre peculiaridades relativas à concepção, implementação e desenvolvimento do PSF no Município de Porto Alegre. O foco dessa busca foi a localização e estudo de documentos legais e institucionais, de modo a complementar o referencial teórico do estudo. A análise dos dados mostra que o vínculo entre as práticas adotadas na contratação e remuneração dos profissionais da saúde e os princípios constitucionais que fundamentam a administração pública torna as relações de trabalho, neste âmbito, mais complexa do que aparenta ser, pois ela não é resultado de uma simples decisão, no caso, do setor saúde, em contratar desta ou de outra forma os profissionais de que necessita. Ela decorre de importantes mudanças ocorridas ao longo da década de 1990, na economia nacional, na administração pública e nas formas sociais de trabalho. Todavia, o que parece faltar é a decisão dos atores sociais em assumir o problema para si em cada esfera de governo. As secretarias municipais de saúde convivem com a paradoxal situação em que o reconhecimento do papel e da importância dos profissionais de saúde nos serviços municipais se defronta com sua incapacidade ou falta de vontade política, de vincular esse profissional de forma permanente à instituição. Tal prerrogativa, antes de ser ética, é uma condição de ordem legal. / This essay aims to investigate, in the public management ambit, the ethical implications of affirming and promoting citizenship rights through the creation of public policies, while labor mechanisms have undermined them from those who are being held responsible for their execution. This analysis is focused on the Family Health Program, a public policy that is the object of this study, characterized, according to its creators, as a strategy intended to redirect and organize the basic technical health care model. At the first stage, the data collection work was developed through documental research and analysis with the objective to constitute an integrated and coherent view about peculiarities related to the conception, implementation and development of the FHP in the city of Porto Alegre. The focus of this search was the location and study of legal and institutional documents in order to complement the theoretical reference of the study. The data analysis shows that the link between the adopted practices in the recruitment and remuneration of the health professionals and the constitutional principles that support the public administration makes the labor relations, in this ambit, more complex than it seems to be, since it is not the result of a simple decision, in this case, of the health sector to hire in this or another way the necessary professionals. It comes from important changes that occurred along the 1990`s in the national economy, in the public administration and in the social recruitment ways. Nevertheless, what seems to be absent is the decision of the social actors to assume the problem to themselves in each government sphere. The city health departments live alongside the paradoxical situation where the acknowledgement about the role and the importance of the health professionals in the municipal services faces their inability or lack of political will to attach such a professional to the institution in a permanent way. This prerogative is not only ethical, but also a legal order condition.

Submitted by JULIANA GUIMARÃES MARCELINO AKURI null (juakuri@hotmail.com) on 2016-03-01T01:40:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Currículo na Educação Infantil.pdf: 950168 bytes, checksum: 63bc226a2918a1c2c4b6a43dd9a9ac44 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-01T14:32:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 akuri_jgm_me_mar.pdf: 950168 bytes, checksum: 63bc226a2918a1c2c4b6a43dd9a9ac44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-01T14:32:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 akuri_jgm_me_mar.pdf: 950168 bytes, checksum: 63bc226a2918a1c2c4b6a43dd9a9ac44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-03 / A concepção de um currículo para a Educação Infantil promotor do máximo desenvolvimento humano das crianças de até 5 anos implica a superação dos modelos baseados nas práticas fragmentadas do Ensino Fundamental, ainda tão presentes nas escolas infantis. Para isso, requer a participação de professores comprometidos com uma educação humanizadora, que compreendam o papel ativo da criança na sua aprendizagem, como sujeito que se apropria, mediado pelo professor, da riqueza cultural da humanidade e se desenvolve a patamares cada vez mais elevados. Frente a isso, os objetivos da investigação, em nível de mestrado, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências da Unesp, Campus de Marília, foram refletir sobre o Currículo na Educação Infantil com base na Teoria Histórico-Cultural e deduzir implicações pedagógicas dessa corrente teórica para a organização curricular da escola de Educação Infantil. Com abordagem qualitativa, o estudo envolveu levantamento bibliográfico em diversas fontes digitais para conhecimento da produção na área e ampliou seu corpus com materiais de acervo particular e outros localizados em bibliotecas de instituições de Ensino Superior, buscando resposta à questão: Quais as implicações pedagógicas das proposições da Teoria Histórico-Cultural para pensarmos o Currículo na Educação Infantil? Delineando uma trajetória histórica e política da Educação Infantil no Brasil, este trabalho apresenta aspectos conceituais do currículo em geral e do Currículo na Educação Infantil, que constituem o pano de fundo para a apresentação de conceitos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural, fundamentais à compreensão do processo de humanização das crianças. Mediante análise desses fundamentos teóricos, são deduzidas implicações pedagógicas para a composição de um currículo orientador de práticas que favoreçam o desenvolvimento pleno das qualidades humanas em crianças da Educação Infantil. Associados às implicações pedagógicas, são destacados elementos para encaminhamentos didáticos na escola, enfatizando possibilidades de acesso das crianças à cultura produzida ao longo da história da humanidade. De modo geral, os resultados da pesquisa apontam para uma organização curricular relacionada às formas mais elaboradas de produção humana, objetivadas e materializadas nas artes, nas ciências, na filosofia e na linguagem. Isso exige conhecimento teórico por parte do professor para eleger e organizar intencionalmente os conteúdos da cultura a serem apropriados e objetivados pelas crianças. Dessa forma, considerando as regularidades e especificidades do desenvolvimento infantil, o professor promove e medeia vivências capazes de contribuir para a formação e o desenvolvimento máximo da inteligência e da personalidade das crianças na Educação Infantil. / The design of a curriculum for Early Childhood Education of the maximum human development promoter of children up to five years implies overcoming the models based on fragmented practices of elementary school, still so present in children's schools. To do this requires the participation of committed teachers with a humanizing education that understand the child's active attitude in learning, as a subject who appropriates, mediated by the educator, of the cultural wealth of humanity and develops into increasingly high levels. Faced to this, the research aims at Masters level in Graduate Studies Program in Education of the Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências da Unesp, Campus Marília, were reflect about the Curriculum in Early Childhood Education based on the Historical-Cultural Theory and deduct pedagogical implications of this theoretical current for curricular organization of Early Childhood Education School.With a qualitative approach, the study involved bibliographic research on various digital sources for knowledge of the production in the area and expanded its corpus with private collection of materials and others located in libraries of institutions of University Education, trying to answer the question: What are the pedagogical implications of the propositions of the Historical-Cultural Theory to think the Curriculum in Early Childhood Education? Outlining a historical and political trajectory of the Early Childhood Education in Brazil, this paper presents conceptual aspects of the curriculum in general and of the curriculum in Early Childhood Education that form the backdrop for the presentation of concepts of the Historical-Cultural Theory fundamental to understand the children humanization process. By analyzing these theoretical foundations, pedagogical implications are deducted for the composition of a curriculum that guide practice that favor the full development of human qualities in children from Early Childhood Education. Associated to the pedagogical implications, elements to didactic forwarding in school are showed to emphasize possibilities of children’s access to the culture produced throughout the history of humanity. Altogether, the survey results point to a curricular organization related to the most elaborated forms of human production that are objectified in arts, sciences, philosophy and language. This requires theoretical knowledge from the teacher to choose and intentionally organize contents of the culture to be appropriate and objectified by the children. This way, considering the regularities and specificities of child development, the teacher promotes and mediates experiences that contribute to the formation and the maximum development of intelligence and the personality of children in Early Childhood Education.

O objetivo desta dissertação é investigar, no âmbito da gestão pública, as implicações éticas de afirmar e promover Direitos de cidadania por meio da criação de políticas públicas, enquanto que por mecanismos trabalhistas os têm solapado de quem está sendo responsabilizado por sua execução. Essa análise está centrada no Programa Saúde da Família, política pública objeto desse estudo, Programa caracterizado, segundo os seus idealizadores, como uma estratégia destinada a reorientar e organizar o modelo tecnicoassistencial na atenção básica em saúde. Na primeira etapa, foi desenvolvido o trabalho de coleta de dados por meio de pesquisa e análise documental, visando constituir uma visão integrada e coerente sobre peculiaridades relativas à concepção, implementação e desenvolvimento do PSF no Município de Porto Alegre. O foco dessa busca foi a localização e estudo de documentos legais e institucionais, de modo a complementar o referencial teórico do estudo. A análise dos dados mostra que o vínculo entre as práticas adotadas na contratação e remuneração dos profissionais da saúde e os princípios constitucionais que fundamentam a administração pública torna as relações de trabalho, neste âmbito, mais complexa do que aparenta ser, pois ela não é resultado de uma simples decisão, no caso, do setor saúde, em contratar desta ou de outra forma os profissionais de que necessita. Ela decorre de importantes mudanças ocorridas ao longo da década de 1990, na economia nacional, na administração pública e nas formas sociais de trabalho. Todavia, o que parece faltar é a decisão dos atores sociais em assumir o problema para si em cada esfera de governo. As secretarias municipais de saúde convivem com a paradoxal situação em que o reconhecimento do papel e da importância dos profissionais de saúde nos serviços municipais se defronta com sua incapacidade ou falta de vontade política, de vincular esse profissional de forma permanente à instituição. Tal prerrogativa, antes de ser ética, é uma condição de ordem legal. / This essay aims to investigate, in the public management ambit, the ethical implications of affirming and promoting citizenship rights through the creation of public policies, while labor mechanisms have undermined them from those who are being held responsible for their execution. This analysis is focused on the Family Health Program, a public policy that is the object of this study, characterized, according to its creators, as a strategy intended to redirect and organize the basic technical health care model. At the first stage, the data collection work was developed through documental research and analysis with the objective to constitute an integrated and coherent view about peculiarities related to the conception, implementation and development of the FHP in the city of Porto Alegre. The focus of this search was the location and study of legal and institutional documents in order to complement the theoretical reference of the study. The data analysis shows that the link between the adopted practices in the recruitment and remuneration of the health professionals and the constitutional principles that support the public administration makes the labor relations, in this ambit, more complex than it seems to be, since it is not the result of a simple decision, in this case, of the health sector to hire in this or another way the necessary professionals. It comes from important changes that occurred along the 1990`s in the national economy, in the public administration and in the social recruitment ways. Nevertheless, what seems to be absent is the decision of the social actors to assume the problem to themselves in each government sphere. The city health departments live alongside the paradoxical situation where the acknowledgement about the role and the importance of the health professionals in the municipal services faces their inability or lack of political will to attach such a professional to the institution in a permanent way. This prerogative is not only ethical, but also a legal order condition.

Environmental stewardship schemes are an important driver of biodiversity and habitat improvement throughout England, with the provision of funding to land managers to deliver effective land management that will benefit wildlife, habitats, natural resources and the population. Participation in agri-environment schemes is voluntary and much is done to encourage scheme participation. Dartmoor is a designated landscape, a National Park, and a Special Area of Conservation and encompasses areas of Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). Dartmoor is a farmed landscape, with the area divided into 92 common land units, over which a diversity of common rights are exercised. At present, the majority of Dartmoor Commons are managed by Environmental agreements, protecting the habitat and the SSSI’s. There is a demand for Dartmoor to be a recreational area, an environmental jewel, and a farmed landscape. Protection of this landscape requires the amalgamation of various organisations and individuals. Research indicates the benefits of group agri-environment schemes, of a landscape-scale approach to the improvement of habitats and the provision of wildlife corridors, crossing the boundaries of land ownership. vi The research considers the factors associated with group agri-environment schemes, where it is not necessarily like-minded individuals who come together because of a common cause and a shared vision. The issue surrounding common rights results in persons coming together because they have common rights and not necessarily a common view. A combination of interview responses and questionnaire data has been pulled together to ascertain the factors affecting agri-environment scheme participation on Dartmoor. The data reflects on the impacts of group agri-environment schemes on the commons of Dartmoor. The question remains as to the voluntary nature of group agri-environment schemes on Dartmoor. Hardin (1968) recognised the impact of one commoner’s decision had on another. Dartmoor agri-environment schemes require participation from the majority of commoners; therefore an individual’s action has a consequence. This research aims to investigate the impacts of agri-environment schemes on the commons of Dartmoor.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Now the companies are faced with an economy o changes in the competitive environment, characterized by innovations derived from consumer demand, among other factors. In this context, the supply chain (CSs) is an important factor for achieving success, as is the new frontier of business, since the modern manufacturing excluded much of the excess time and cost of the production process. Thus, entrepreneurship can be seen as a motivational phenomenon with regard to the generation of new organizational policies. Contributing in an efficient and innovative, providing integration to the participants of CSs. From the foregoing, this research aims to study the implications of entrepreneurial skills geared to the integration of CSs in a wheat milling industry. This is a case study of a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive, based on the companies part of the CSs of Wheat Milling Industry. The results showed that relations between the actors of the CSs of the wheat milling industry in large part are strong and integrated. The skills of opportunity, and social commitment are investigated in more developed skills than conceptual, administrative and strategic equilibrium that had the answers relating to developed and developing skills. Soon, you realize that entrepreneurship has many implications in the supply chain, among them the entrepreneurial management is a relevant character-balancing, blending and dosing issues of integration and autonomy for the CSs. And these are fundamental to the success of a chain with innovative goals. / Atualmente as empresas deparam-se com uma economia de mudanças no ambiente competitivo, caracterizadas por inovações oriundas de demandas dos consumidores, entre outros fatores. Nesse contexto, a cadeia de suprimentos (CSs) é um fator relevante para a obtenção de sucesso, pois é a nova fronteira dos negócios, uma vez que a manufatura moderna excluiu grande parte do excesso de tempo e custos do processo de produção. Dessa forma, o empreendedorismo pode ser visto como um fenômeno motivador no que se refere à geração de novas políticas organizacionais. Contribuindo de maneira eficiente e inovadora, proporcionando integração aos participantes da CSs. A partir do exposto, essa pesquisa visa estudar as implicações das competências empreendedoras voltadas para a integração na CSs em uma indústria moageira de trigo. Trata-se de um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, tendo como base as empresas integrantes da CSs da Indústria Moageira de trigo. Os resultados demonstraram que as relações da indústria moageira de trigo com os seus integrantes da CSs em grande parte são fortes e integradas. As competências de oportunidade, sociais e de comprometimento são mais desenvolvidas nos pesquisados do que as competências conceituais, administrativas e estratégicas que apresentaram equilíbrio nas respostas referentes a competências desenvolvidas e a desenvolver. Logo, percebe-se que o empreendedorismo exerce inúmeras implicações na cadeia de suprimentos, dentre essas a gestão empreendedora tem um caráter relevante de balanceamento, combinando e dosando aspectos de integração e de autonomia para a CSs. E esses são fundamentais para o sucesso de uma cadeia com objetivos inovadores.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3225247 bytes, checksum: c204062bba63e99d657a1ddc26e9643e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study is about horizontal condominiums, an habitational type which has been spreading all over the world. These residences have significantly transformed the dynamic of production of both the urban fabric and landscape, also presenting major changes in the ways of living and existing in the city. The main reasons that are responsible for their expansion are the search for more safety and a better life quality. Thus, this research aims at understanding the principal reasons that have caused the expansion of these enterprises in the city of João Pessoa, in addition to delineating the profile of their residents and observing the positive and negative aspects of this phenomenom. The principal outcomes of this research show that the horizontal condominiums in João Pessoa are mostly residential, of great prominence and they tend to be centralized in peripheral areas, locateds in the southeast part of the coast. The investigation also indicates that his residents are from the middle class and upper middle class and that they have migrated from apartments to condominiums in search of more safety, the possibility of living in houses and the chance of having more contact with nature. It was also observed that this habitational type has been disseminating in João Pessoa and has been highly accepted by most of its users. On the other hand, among its mentioned problems, it was stressed the low quality of the local trading and services, the difficulty in accessing the condominium and the social segregation related to the upper classes. The positive and negative aspects of the local condominiums are similar to the ones found by scholars in other Brazilian and foreign cities. Moreover, the research registers that these enterprises tend to become, at the same time, solutions to individual demands and damages to the social and physical structures of the city. / Este estudo tem como tema os condomínios horizontais, tipologia habitacional que vem se proliferando em todo o mundo. Essas espacialidades têm transformado consideravelmente a dinâmica de produção do tecido urbano e da paisagem urbana, apresentando também modificações notórias na maneira de morar e viver na cidade. Os principais motivos que fomentam sua expansão são a busca por maior segurança e melhor qualidade de vida. Assim, a pesquisa dedica-se a compreender as principais razões de proliferação destes empreendimentos na cidade de João Pessoa, além de traçar o perfil dos seus moradores e de observar quais os pontos negativos e positivos deste fenômeno. Os principais resultados desta pesquisa demonstram que os condomínios horizontais pessoenses são predominantemente residenciais, de grande porte e tendem a se concentrar em áreas periféricas, localizadas no setor sudeste da faixa litorânea. A investigação também indica que seus moradores são de classes média alta e alta e que migraram de apartamentos para os condomínios em busca de maior segurança, da possibilidade de morar em casa e do maior contato com a natureza. Foi observado também que são uma modalidade habitacional que vem se difundindo em João Pessoa e tem sido julgada favoravelmente pela maioria dos seus usuários. Por outro lado, entre os seus problemas assinalados, destacam-se a precariedade do provimento de comércio e serviços locais, a difícil acessibilidade e a segregação social envolvendo classes mais ricas. Os pontos negativos e positivos dos condomínios locais se assemelham aos identificados por estudiosos em outras cidades brasileiras e estrangeiras. Do mesmo modo, a pesquisa aponta que esses empreendimentos tendem a configurar, ao mesmo tempo, soluções para demandas individuais e prejuízos no que se refere à relação com a estrutura física e social da cidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:47:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndersonPC_DISSERT.pdf: 1402040 bytes, checksum: 960b15bc1392a94fb7ba8ba980e3a0b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Atualmente, h? diferentes defini??es de implica??es fuzzy aceitas na literatura. Do ponto de vista te?rico, esta falta de consenso demonstra que h? discord?ncias sobre o real significado de "implica??o l?gica" nos contextos Booleano e fuzzy. Do ponto de vista pr?tico, isso gera d?vidas a respeito de quais "operadores de implica??o" os engenheiros de software devem considerar para implementar um Sistema Baseado em Regras Fuzzy (SBRF). Uma escolha ruim destes operadores pode implicar em SBRF's com menor acur?cia e menos apropriados aos seus dom?nios de aplica??o. Uma forma de contornar esta situa??o e conhecer melhor os conectivos l?gicos fuzzy. Para isso se faz necess?rio saber quais propriedades tais conectivos podem satisfazer. Portanto, a m de corroborar com o significado de implica??o fuzzy e corroborar com a implementa??o de SBRF's mais apropriados, v?rias leis Booleanas t?m sido generalizadas e estudadas como equa??es ou inequa??es nas l?gicas fuzzy. Tais generaliza??es s?o chamadas de leis Boolean-like e elas n?o s?o comumente v?lidas em qualquer sem?ntica fuzzy. Neste cen?rio, esta disserta??o apresenta uma investiga??o sobre as condi??es suficientes e necess?rias nas quais tr?s leis Booleanlike ?like ? y ? I(x, y), I(x, I(y, x)) = 1 e I(x, I(y, z)) = I(I(x, y), I(x, z)) ?? se mant?m v?lidas no contexto fuzzy, considerando seis classes de implica??es fuzzy e implica??es geradas por automorfismos. Al?m disso, ainda no intuito de implementar SBRF's mais apropriados, propomos uma extens?o para os mesmos / There are more than one acceptable fuzzy implication definitions in the current literature dealing with this subject. From a theoretical point of view, this fact demonstrates a lack of consensus regarding logical implication meanings in Boolean and fuzzy contexts. From a practical point of view, this raises questions about the implication operators" that software engineers must consider to implement a Fuzzy Rule Based System (FRBS). A poor choice of these operators generates less appropriate FRBSs with respect to1 their application domain. In order to have a better understanding of logical connectives, it is necessary to know the properties that they can satisfy. Therefore, aiming to corroborate with fuzzy implication meaning and contribute to implementing more appropriate FRBSs to their domain, several Boolean laws have been generalized and studied as equations or inequations in fuzzy logics. Those generalizations are called Booleanlike laws and a lot of them do not remain valid in any fuzzy semantics. Within this context, this dissertation presents the investigation of sucient and necessary conditions under which three Boolean-like laws | y I(x; y), I(x; I(y; x)) = 1 and I(x; I(y; z)) = I(I(x; y); I(x; z)) | hold for six known classes of fuzzy implications and for implications generated by automorphisms. Moreover, an extension to FRBSs is proposed