Aligning and fixing the fiber and laser device is an important work in butterfly laser module packaging. Assembling these two component by laser welding is to achieve reliable and stable weld joint. However, during the welding process, rapid solidification of the welded region and the associated material shrinkage causes the fiber position moved. The relative movement between fiber and laser is called post-weld-shift(PWS). A few micrometers PWS makes coupled power lost. Therefore, minimizing the PWS between fiber and laser is a key research topic in butterfly laser module packaging. We can correct the PWS minimal by fiber shift inspect. But it has a difficult of space limit in butterfly laser module packaging. In this study, a video camera with image acquisition system was used to measure the PWS. We also used a mirror image to solve the problem of space limited. The PWS inspection result has matched our simulation. This method can successfully inspect the PWS in butterfly laser module.

Streamflow characteristics change over time as a result of water resources development and management projects, water use, watershed land use changes, and climate changes. The main objective of this thesis is to assess the significance of the impacts of human activities such as construction of reservoirs, water supply diversions, increased water use and return flows on streamflows by the recently completed Texas WAM (Water Availability Modeling) system. The major river basins in the state of Texas were selected as suitable study basins. The particular objective is accomplished by the assessment of WAM monthly and annual naturalized and regulated flows, based on using the WRAP (Water Rights Analysis Package) model, which represents the river/reservoir management model. WAM flow frequency analysis was performed for the simulated flows. The flow ratio indices developed showed the divergence of the actual flows from their natural behavior for the entire monthly flow frequency flow spectrum ranging from minimum flows to high flows. This study describes the combined effects of reservoir construction, increased water use, water resources development projects and land use changes on the river flow regime.

No description available.

Mitte der 90er Jahre wurde an der TU Chemnitz ein XML-Dialekt und die zugehörigen Transformationstools für Lehrmaterialien entwickelt, die in internetbasierten Fernkursen eingesetzt wurde. In der Folge wurden weitere Kursskripte auf der Basis dieses Dialekts erstellt. Diese Materialien sollten auch nach der Einführung von OLAT weitergenutzt werden können. Deshalb wurden das Transformationswerkzeug zum Tool xml2lms angepasst und um folgende Funktionalität erweitert: - Verpacken des übersetzten HTML-Skripts in das IMS-CP-Format, - Extraktion von "Folien" für Präsenzveranstaltungen aus der XML-Quelle, - Erstellen eines druckbaren Skripts im PDF-Format. Geplante Erweiterungen sind die Darstellung von mathematischen Formeln mit dem math.js-Paket und das Generieren von PDF-Folien mit Hilfe der LaTeX-Beamer-Klasse.

In the European Union 500 million tonnes of waste are either incinerated without energy recovery,or deposited in landfills, which could have been recycled instead. The European Union initiated theCircular Economy Package in order to decrease the amount of waste being generated, lost inlandfills, and to increase the recycling and usage of recycled material. However, the CircularEconomy Package did not contain any targets focusing on energy recovery, and only mentionedenergy recovery as having a role in decreasing the amount of waste deposited in landfills. TheCircular Economy Package was in the end of 2014 withdrawn but will come back with moreambitious targets. In Sweden energy recovery is treating more than 50% of the municipal waste andwould then be affected by the targets of the Circular Economy Package when it comes back.This thesis focuses on Linköping and Norrköping to identify the what role energy recovery have inthese municipalities, both present and future, as well as asking the questions of how waste is valuedas a resource.The results were that both municipalities thought that it was important to have separate sorting ofmunicipal waste, to separate organic waste from the rest, in order to use it in material recycling andthe rest in energy recovery. In both municipalities the energy recovery had the role of treating themunicipal waste which was found to be not recyclable, as well as to deliver heat and electricity. Allof the organisations were identified to have a high environmental value on waste, but the economicvalue of waste were low or negative. The municipalities also knew little of the Circular EconomyPackage, but were aware of it, while the energy companies knew a little more of it, but still littlecompared to their national interest organisations Avfall Sverige and Svensk Fjärrvärme. All of theorganisations had identified similar challenges such as increased focus on recycling, minimisationof waste, but also a focus on decreasing amount of hazardous substances in products in order todecrease the amount of waste which needed to be deposited in landfills.

There are several methods for the full-wave characterization of waveguide discontinuities; Finite Element Method (FEM), Finite Difference Technique (FDT), and Method of Moments (MoM) are popular. However, these methods are not easily applied when studying the modal anatomy of a discontinuity. Other full-wave techniques are better suited. This dissertation discusses the formulation of a technique known as Generalized Transverse Resonance (GTR), which is a subset of Method of Moments. Generalized Transverse Resonance is a hybrid method combining the Transverse Resonance Method (TRM) with the Mode Matching Technique (MMT). The understanding of the generalized transverse resonance method starts with a discussion of Longitudinal Section Waves and from this derives the transverse resonance method for layered media para1lel to the wave propagation. It is shown that Maxwells equations can be represented as a mode function and voltage or current. This representation is used to reduce to the problem of merging the TRM and MMT into the GTR method by using network theory. The propagation constant is found by solving the wave equation, as an eigenvalue problem, subject to the boundary conditions. Discussed is the relative convergence phenomenon followed by the optimization strategy. Once the propagation constant is found, the cross sectional fields can be solved and from the fields the characteristic impedance is found. Theoretical data is compared to measure data to show the accuracy of the GTR method. Presented is an understanding of the propagation characteristics of a CPW transmission line in proximity with high and low loss silicon. This data will show the loss and propagation characteristics for four CPW structures using two separate silicon lids at six different heights above the transmission line. Two modes have been clearly identified and will be explained.

The high-density integrated circuit (IC) gives rise to geometrically complex multiscale chip-package structures whose electromagnetic performance is difficult to predict. This motivates this dissertation to work on an efficient full-wave transient solver that is capable of capturing all the electromagnetic behaviors of such structures with high accuracy and reduced computational complexity compared to the existing methods. In this work, the unconditionally stable Laguerre-FDTD method is adopted as the core algorithm for the transient full-wave solver. As part of this research, skin-effect is rigorously incorporated into the solver which avoids dense meshing inside conductor structures and significantly increases computational efficiency. Moreover, as an alternative to typical planar interconnects for next generation high-speed ICs, substrate integrated waveguide, is investigated. Conductor surface roughness is efficiently modeled to accurately capture its high-frequency loss behavior. To further improve the computational performance of chip-package co-simulation, a novel transient non-conformal domain decomposition method has been proposed. Large-scale chip-package structure can be efficiently simulated by decomposing the computational domain into subdomains with independent meshing strategy. Numerical results demonstrate the capability, accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methods.

Magistro darbe analizuojamas įmonės personalo kompensacinio paketo tobulinimo perspektyvos. Mano pasirinktoje įmonėje, t.y. UAB „Akmenės energija“ buvo pateiktas darbuotojams klausimynas. Klausimyno pagalba surinkti duomenys apdoroti panaudojant MsExcel 2000 ir specialia statistinių duomenų apdorojimo programa - SPSS 11.5. Atlikto tyrimo rezultatai leido patvirtinti autorės suformuluotą hipotezę, kad įmonėje naudojamo personalo kompensacinio paketo yra problemų ir trūkumų. Darbą sudaro trys skyriai („teorijos“ skyrius, „tyrimo metodikos“ skyrius ir „rezultatų“ skyrius, išvados, rekomendacija, diskusija ir literatūros sąrašas). / In the Master’s thesis I analysed the perspectives of company personnel compensation package development. The employees of the chosen company UAB “Akmenes Energija” were given questionnaires. The data received from the questionnaires were processed with the help of the program MsExcel 2000 and a special statistical data processing program SPSS 11.5. The results of the research confirmed the author’s hypothesis that there are some problems and shortcoming regarding the personnel compensation package used in the company. The work consists of three parts (“theoretical”, “research methods” and “results”); conclusions, recommendations and the list of literature are given.

Problemos aktualumas. Poilsiautojų poreikiai nuolat keičiasi, o dabartinė pasiūla nepatenkina lūkesčių, todėl poilsiautojų poreikių tyrimai yra labai aktualūs, todėl egzistuoja poreikis ištirti kaimo turizmo paslaugas Lietuvoje ir nustatyti, kaip būtų galima padidinti kaimo turizmo paslaugų vartotojų pasitenkinimą, formuojant paslaugų paketą, atitinkantį vartotojo poreikius. Todėl iškyla klausimas: kaip (tikslingai) suformuoti kaimo turizmo paslaugų paketą? Tyrimo objektas – kaimo turizmo paslaugų paketas. Tyrimo tikslas - išsiaiškinti kaimo turizmo paslaugų vartotojų poreikius, kaimo turizmo paslaugų paketo formavimui Lazdijų rajono savivaldybės teritorijoje. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1.Apibrėžti kaimo turizmo teikiamų paslaugų sampratą ir esmę. 2.Išanalizuoti kaimo turizmo verslo ypatumus Lietuvoje ir reikalavimus kaimo turizmo paslaugoms teikti. 3.Išanalizuoti kaimo turizmo paslaugų pasiūlą (paslaugas). 4.Nustatyti vartotojų reikalavimus kaimo turizmo paslaugoms. Tyrimo metodai: Mokslo literatūros analizė. Anketinė apklausa. Išvados: Kaimo turizmas- tai fizinių asmenų teikiama turizmo paslauga, kuria tenkinami sodybos svečių apgyvendinimo, maitinimo ir pramogų organizavimo poreikiai, skirti poilsiautojų rekreacijai bei laisvalaikio leidimui. Kaimo turizme labiausiai vartotojų vertinama paslauga yra pirtis, galimybė maistą gamintis pačiam, vandens inventoriaus ir sporto inventoriaus nuoma, iš ko ir galima spręsti, kad šios paslaugos vartotojams ypač svarbu sodyboje teikiamos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Problem. The needs of the holidaymakers are constantly changing and offers do not always come up to expectations, that is why the research of the needs of holidaymakers is very actual and therefore it is necessary to survey the services of country tourism and to find out how to increase the users of country tourism services satisfaction making the package of services to come up to the needs of holidaymakers. Therefore, the question is how to make the package of country tourism services. The object of the research – the package of the country tourism services. The aim of the research – having found the needs of country tourism users, give offers to form the package of country tourism services in the municipality of Lazdijai region. The aims of the research: 1. To define the conception and the essence of country tourism services. 2. To analyse the peculiarities in the trade of country tourism and the requirements for country tourism services. 3. To analyse the offer of country tourism services. 4. To find out the requirements of the users of country tourism services. The methods of the research: The analyses of science literature. Questionnaire. Conclusion: Country tourism is a service afforded by natural person which provides the needs of accommodation, catering and spending free time of the guests in a farmstead. In country tourism holidaymakers put much value upon services, such as baths or sauna, the possibility to do the cooking, the rent... [to full text]

Tikslas: Nustatyti Kauno Medicinos Universiteto studentų ir atsitiktinių vaistinės lankytojų apklausos būdu ar Triptosan 150 mg kapsulės informacinis lapelis yra suprantamas. Tiriamieji asmenys: Bendras tiriamųjų skaičius yra 22 asmenys. 12 iš jų KMU studentai ir 10 vaistinės lankytojai. Visi asmenys turi daugiau kaip 18 metų. Du KMU studentai dalyvavo preliminariajame etape. Kiti 20 asmenų buvo apklausti pagrindiniame etape. Metodas: Klausimynas sudarytas iš 15 klausimų, skirtų Triptosan 150 mg vaistiniam preparatui. Klausimai atspindi vaistinio preparato saugumą, paskirtį ir įvairius įspėjimus. Tiriamasis turi atsakyti į klausimus, o atsakymus parodyti informaciniame lapelyje. Instruktuojantysis fiksuoja atsakymus, radimo vietą ir laiką, per kurį rastas atsakymas. Rezultatai: Didžioji dalis vyrų ir moterų bei studentų ir kitų dalyvių informaciją randa lapelyje. Dauguma moterų ir studentų informaciją randa nedelsiant, o vyrai ir kiti dalyviai per <1 minutę. Informacijos nerado 2,5 karto daugiau moterų nei vyrų, tačiau 3 kartus daugiau vyrų nei moter�� neteisingai atsakė į klausimus. Kiti dalyviai 2 kartus daugiau nei studentų nerado atsakymų ir beveik 4 kartus daugiau neteisingai atsakė į klausimus. Visiems dalyviams lapelis buvo suprantamas, o 95 % - lapelio kalba aiški. Lapelio suprantamumas yra 97,26 %. Išvados: Pagrindinis būdas rasti informaciją yra ją parodyti lapelyje, moterys informaciją randa greičiau už vyrus, o studentai už kitus dalyvius. Daugiau vyrų nei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Objective: To evaluate whether Triptosan 150 mg capsules information leaflet is readable between Kaunas Medical University students and casual pharmacy visitors in a questioning way. Subjects: Total number of participants is 22. 12 participants are KMU students and 10 casual pharmacy visitors. All participants are over 18 years. 2 KMU participants were tested in the preliminary stage and the rest 20 participants were tested in the main stage. Method: Questionnaire was developed to include 15 questions about the Triptosan 150 mg medicinal product. The questions are addressed to medicinal product safety, purpose and various cautions. Interviewer captures the answers, finding places and the time, needed to find answer. Results: Most men, women, students and other participants’ information have found in the leaflet. Most women and students information have found immediately meanwhile men and other participants in less than 1 minute. 2,5 more times women in comparison with men haven‘t found information, but men 3 more times have failed in questions. Other participants 2 more times in comaprison with students haven‘t found the answers and nearly more than 4 times have failed in questions. The information leaflet was comprehensible for all participants and its language was clear for 95 % of participants. Readability of the leaflet is 97,26 %. Conclusions: The main way to find information is to show in the leaflet. Women information find faster in comparison with men and students... [to full text]