Section A critically reviews relevant theoretical literature and empirical studies exploring the particular impact of chronic illness on identity formation in adolescents. Theoretical conceptualisations of the adolescent period and of the process of identity formation are explored. Following this, empirical literature regarding the impact of chronic illness on the developmental tasks of adolescence and in particular identify formation will be critically examined. A number of clinical implications are discussed to enable clinicians to effectively support young people and future research directions are outlined. Section B reports a narrative analysis of young people's experiences of forming an identity with a diagnosis of an adolescent-onset chronic illness (CI). Identity formation is argued to be one of the key developmental tasks of adolescence. Despite implications for adolescent development, research into CI onset during this period has been notably sparse. This study aimed to explore how diagnosis impacts on the developmental tasks of adolescence, what role adolescent-onset CI plays in identity formation, and how adolescents incorporate the diagnosis into their identity. Individual semi-structured interviews were carried out with 8 young people aged 14-19 who lived with a diagnosis of a CI diagnosed between the ages of 12-16 years. Two illness types were studied; crohn’s disease and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using narrative analysis. Participant narratives contained five core narrative themes: Walking a different path, tolerating contradiction, a changed interface with others, locating power and a fluid relationship. Narratives were considered to have been influenced by factors such as the interview context and dominant social narratives concerning health and illness. Adolescent-onset CI was found to have a significant, though not exclusively negative, impact on developmental tasks. The findings are discussed in relation to existing literature and potential clinical implications. Section C critically appraises the narrative study. A discussion begins with reflections on the research skills developed and insights into the research process. Areas of further learning are identified. Implications of clinical practice are explored and the section concludes with considerations for further research in this area.

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L’angoisse est un état qui se distingue des autres sentiments en ce qu’elle ne survient devant rien de précis, mais plutôt devant notre vie en général. Mais que signifie-t-elle? Pourquoi fait-elle jour? Le présent mémoire vise à mieux comprendre le phénomène de l’angoisse à travers les conceptions de deux philosophes s’y étant attardé de façon importante : Søren Kierkegaard et Martin Heidegger. Il cherche à cerner ce que ces deux conceptions, malgré des divergences importantes, peuvent amener comme éclairage philosophique à ce phénomène proprement humain. En fait, leurs conceptions philosophiques respectives de l’angoisse transforment – permettent un autre regard -, sur la question. Ils ne font pas vraiment état des effets psychologiques de l’angoisse, mais plutôt de ce que cette dernière peut permettre d’ouvrir comme perspective de saisie de l’être humain. Effectivement, l’angoisse, comme situation affective, permet d’atteindre l’être humain d’une façon plus profonde et plus originaire que ne le ferait n’importe quelle science. Elle permet de se positionner au cœur de ce qui constitue l’être humain, qui est une synthèse entre deux éléments contraires (l’âme et le corps, l’ontique et l’ontologique, etc.), dévoilant ainsi l’existence de l’être humain d’une manière toute particulière. De plus, l’angoisse assure aussi le lien entre le possible et le réel, mettant ainsi l’être humain devant un enjeu fondamental de sa condition, à savoir son possible, son destin. / Anxiety differs from other feelings and states in that it is not directed at anything specific, but rather towards life in general. But what does anxiety mean? Why does it come about? The present dissertation seeks to understand anxiety through the works of two philosophers who dealt with these questions at length: Søren Kierkegaard and Martin Heidegger. By taking into account various similarities and differences between these two conceptions, we will come to a better understanding of how philosophy has clarified this peculiarly human phenomenon. In fact, one might say that these conceptions have served to transform — or to open a new perspective on — the question of anxiety. No longer is anxiety treated in terms of its psychological effects, but rather in terms of how it allows us to grasp something essentially human. Anxiety, qua affective situation, provides a privileged mode of access to the human being, deeper and more original than any purely scientific approach. Anxiety thrusts us into the heart of what is constitutive of the human being: a synthesis of two contrary factors (be it the soul and the body or the ontic and the ontological). Moreover, anxiety articulates the connection between possibility and reality, placing the individual before a fundamental feature of human existence: one’s own most possibilities, or destiny.

The thesis of this work is a treatise on liberalism in general firstly, what contains the etymology of the word liberalism. There are explained the beginnings of this orientation, dating back to ancient times and Middle Ages. The description of the beginnings of liberalism in England follows. The historical events of the time, which played an important role in the birth of liberalism, are accented. Liberalism is based on certain principles as well as any other social or political theory and in this work this principles are enriched especially by ideas of John Locke. Liberalism reached its height in England in the nineteenth century when it defended its leading position. Liberalism is not only social and political orientation but it plays an important role in economy also. It supports free trade without state's interventions and it promotes private enterprise. Although liberalism was often criticized by church representatives and particularly by Conservatives, liberal ideas are still current. Liberal Democrats are the third-largest party in the House of Commons in Great Britain. They have made a coalition government together with the Conservatives since 2010. Key words: Liberalism, individuality, freedom, reason, justice, tolerance

The graduation thesis deals with employee working efficiency in the banking sector. In the first, empiric part, it focuses on motivation, the main instrument how to increase work efficiency. The other point of interest is manager that has the strongest influence on employees and organization making with its culture the right atmosphere for work of manager and employees. The second part is based on research in the field of increasing work efficiency, especially motivation of different bank institutions. Finally, it offers sugesstions how to enhance work efficiency in the banking sector.

O presente estudo visou investigar as estratégias interativas, de manipulação de impressões e de gerenciamento de identidades vigentes no ambiente de sociabilidade de Second Life, um mundo virtual determinado. Nele, indivíduos munem-se de inúmeras ferramentas para administrar a exposição de informações pessoais, o que proporcionaria elevado controle sobre a impressão causada nos demais. A pesquisa compôs-se de uma observação participante em um primeiro momento e posteriores entrevistas com adeptos, selecionados a partir de uma metodologia do tipo bola-de-neve. A análise das regras e táticas de sociabilidade do ambiente em questão deu-se à luz de interpretações sociológicas de Erving Goffman, Georg Simmel e, em menor medida, Pierre Bourdieu. Por meio delas, conceitos como o de manipulação de impressões, cuidado com a face, sociabilidade e coquetismo foram aplicados e adaptados para a compreensão do fenômeno. Após a etapa exploratória, buscou-se situar os valores e mecanismos sociais percebidos em Second Life com relação à sociedade contemporânea fora das telas do computador, conforme apreendida por proeminentes autores atuais como Ulrich Beck, Mike Featherstone e Kenneth Gergen. A partir deles, aplicou-se a visão da liberdade precária, a noção de sociedade de consumo e suas implicações para o gerenciamento de identidades, além da suposta situação de saturação do self notada por Gergen (1991) como dominante em sociedades ocidentais do fim do século passado. Como objetivo norteador do estudo, buscou-se questionar a validade da ideia, propagada por desenvolvedores e adeptos desse mundo virtual, que o percebe como uma alternativa significativa às formas de existência típicas das sociedades ocidentais contemporâneas. Tal abordagem, nem sempre exposta clara e diretamente pelos próprios desenvolvedores desse programa de computador, está implícita em seu próprio título segunda vida. Em suma, após uma exploração das regras de sociabilidade típicas do ambiente em questão, contesta-se até que ponto é possível confirmar a existência da produção de identidades e realização plena de liberdade quando da imersão dos indivíduos em mundos virtuais / This study aimed to investigate the interactive strategies, manipulation of impressions and identity management prevailing in the sociability environment of Second Life, a determined virtual world. In it, individuals are provided with several tools to manage the exposure of personal information, which would allow high control over the impressions made by one user on others. The research consisted of participant observation at first and later interviews with users, selected from a methodology such as \"snow-ball.\" The analysis of rules and tactics of social environment in question took place in the light of sociological interpretations of Erving Goffman, Georg Simmel, and Pierre Bourdieu to a smaller extent. Through them, concepts such as \"management of impressions\", \"facework,\" \"sociability\" and \"flirting\" were applied and adapted to the understanding of the phenomenon. After the exploratory stage, we sought to place the perceived values and social mechanisms in Second Life in relation to the contemporary society out of computer screens, as perceived by prominent present authors like Ulrich Beck, Kenneth Gergen and Mike Featherstone. Important ideas were applied, like the vision of \"precarious freedom,\" the notion of \"consumer society\" and its implications for identity management, and the supposed state of \"saturation of the self\" noted by Gergen (1991) as dominant in Western societies in the end of the last century. As a guiding objective of the study, we sought to question the validity of the idea, propagated by developers and adepts of this virtual world, that perceives it as a meaningful alternative to the typical ways of living of contemporary Western societies. Such approach, not always clear and exposed directly by the developers of this computer program, is implicit in its very title - \"second life\". In short, after an exploration of the typical rules of sociability of the environment in question, it is disputed how far it is possible to confirm the production of identities and full realization of freedom when individuals are immersed in virtual worlds.

Lai, Jing Yee. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-94). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter One --- p.16 / Chapter Two --- p.41 / Chapter Three --- p.60 / Conclusion --- p.87 / Works Cited --- p.90 / Additional Bibliography --- p.92

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-08T21:49:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 09b.pdf: 1342911 bytes, checksum: 78373f4aa31d3bff0872a48d635a3b3d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-08T21:49:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 09b.pdf: 1342911 bytes, checksum: 78373f4aa31d3bff0872a48d635a3b3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04 / Nenhuma / O casamento tem sido constantemente estudado frente à necessidade de compreender como vem se configurando na atualidade em função de tantas modificações sociais e culturais. Os anos iniciais do casamento representam um momento singular na formação do casal de extrema importância uma vez que envolve aspectos individuais e conjugais. Aliado às questões da conjugalidade, as imposições do mercado de trabalho refletem diferenças importantes nos arranjos conjugais na atualidade. O objetivo desta dissertação foi compreender a dinâmica de funcionamento conjugal frente ao processo de adaptação das questões individuais e conjugais em casais de dupla carreira nos anos iniciais do casamento. Esta dissertação é composta por dois artigos empíricos, o primeiro intitulado Casais de dupla carreira nos anos iniciais do casamento: compreendendo a formação do casal, papéis, trabalho e projetos de vida e o segundo A qualidade conjugal nos anos iniciais do casamento em casais de dupla carreira. Foi realizado um estudo de casos múltiplos com seis casais heterossexuais, de primeira união com até cinco anos de relacionamento conjugal, com idades entre 24 e 34 anos, sem filhos, residentes em Porto Alegre/RS e região metropolitana, caracterizados como dupla carreira ou duplo trabalho. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionário de dados sociodemográficos, entrevista semi-estruturada com o casal abrangendo questões referentes à conjugalidade e entrevista semi-estruturada individual com cada cônjuge. Este estudo permitiu compreender aspectos como a formação do casal, papéis e funções, trabalho e os projetos vitais de casais jovens de dupla carreira do Rio Grande do Sul, assim como avaliar a qualidade através de dimensão como adaptabilidade, coesão, conflito e comunicação nestes casais. / The marriage has been studied constantly facing the need to understand how it is represented today before many social and cultural changes. The early years of marriage represent a singular moment in the formation of the couple of extreme importance as it involves individual and marital aspects. Associated to marital issues, the impositions from labor market reflect in important differences in marital arrangements today. The aim of this thesis was to understand the dynamics of marital functioning across the adaptation process of individual and marital issues in dual-career couples in the early years of marriage. This dissertation consists of two empirical articles, the first titled Dual career couples in the early years of marriage:understanding the formation of the couple, roles, work and life projects, the second Marital quality in the early years of marriage in dual-career couples. We conducted a multiple study case with six heterosexual couples, first-marriage with five years of marital relationships, aged between 24 and 34, no children, living in Porto Alegre/RS, and the metropolitan area, characterized as dual-career or dual work. The instruments used were: sociodemographic questionnaire, semi-structured interview with the couple about issues related to marital and individual semi-structured interviews with each spouse. This study allowed to feature a sample of young couples with dual career from Rio Grande do Sul, as well to understand how the marital quality is configured in these early years of marriage, described in the literature as a difficult moment as it is necessary to combinate the individual and marital aspects.

The amount of food thrown away by UK households is substantial and, to a large extent, avoidable. Despite the obvious imperative for research to identify key factors that motivate, enable or prevent household food waste reduction, little research to date has directly addressed this objective. The research presented in this thesis had two clear aims: (1) to investigate antecedents of household food waste reduction and barriers to change, and (2) to explore whether self-affirmation techniques can increase motivation to reduce household food waste. Four empirical studies were conducted. The first study qualitatively explored thoughts, feelings and experiences of 15 UK household food purchasers. Analysis revealed seven core categories representing both motivations and barriers to household food waste reduction. The second study (N = 279) applied an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model to predict household food waste reduction intention and behaviour. Results revealed that the extended TPB variables predicted 64.55% of intention to reduce household food waste and 5.03% of the variance in household food waste behaviour. Studies 3 and 4 explored whether self-affirmation techniques would promote openness to information detailing the negative consequences of household food waste. Study 3 (N = 224) found that self-affirmed participants reported more positive cognitions towards household food waste reduction on a number of outcomes compared to their nonaffirmed counterparts. However, there was no impact of the self-affirmation manipulation on behaviour at follow-up. Study 4 (N = 362) failed to replicate the impact of selfaffirmation on cognitions. However, self-affirmed participants reported that they threw away less household food waste at follow-up. Further research in the context of selfaffirmation on food waste reduction behaviour is required.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Nesta dissertação abordaremos a indumentarista, professora e feminista Sophia Jobim Magno de Carvalho (1904 1968). Sophia Jobim nascida Maria Sofia Pinheiro Machado Jobim, em Avaré em 19 de Setembro de 1904. Fundou em 1947, a primeira sede do Clube Soroptimista no Brasil, em sua casa com Bertha Lutz, ocupando o cargo de presidente durante quatro anos. Em 1949, ocupa o cargo de regente da disciplina de Indumentária e Arte Decorativa na Escola Nacional de Belas-Artes (ENBA). Através desse cargo, Sophia viajava para colecionar peças de diferentes países e apresentá-los nas suas aulas, além de fundar o primeiro museu de indumentária da América Latina, em sua casa, em Santa Teresa RJ, em 1960. Após sua morte por embolia pulmonar, em 1968, seu acervo é totalmente doado ao Museu Histórico Nacional, instituição na qual se graduou no Curso de Museologia, em 1963. Com este trabalho pretendemos trazer à tona uma parcela do material doado por Sophia e evidenciando suas ações como feminista, trazendo para o trabalho a discussão em torno do individuo utilizando como teóricos Georg Simmel e Gilberto Velho. A formação da ENBA, e a cooptação dos intelectuais no Estado Novo são temas a serem mobilizados durante o trabalho, além da sociabilidade como forma de análise do período e do campo por onde Sophia caminhou. Através deste trabalho buscamos proporcionar uma breve visão sobre Sophia Jobim e contribuir aos estudos sobre o feminismo e a individualidade. / This dissertation will focus in the indumentarist, teacher and feminist Sophia JobimMagno de Carvalho (1904 1968). Sophia Jobim was born Maria Sophia Pinheiro Machado, in Avaré, on September, 19, 1904. Founded in 1947, the first headquarters of the Soroptmist Club in Brazil, in your home, with Bertha Lutz, and occupying the position of president for four years. In 1949, she holds the position of conductor of the discipline of History of clothing and decorative art in the Nacional School of Fine Arts. Through this post, Sophia traveled to collect pieces from different countries and present them in their classes, and founded the first museum of Latin America costume at home, in Santa Teresa RJ, on 1960. After her death from pulmonary embolism in 1968, its colletion is entirely donated to the Nacional Historical Museum, the institution where she graduated from the course in museology in 1963. With this work we intended to bring out a portion of the material donated by Sophia showing their actions as feminist, bringing the discussion to work around the individual using theoretical as Georg Simmel and Gilberto Velho. Training and cooptation donates intellectuals in the ENBA, and New State are to be mobilized during work, as well as a form of sociability as a form of analysis of the period and country where Sophia walked. Through this work we provide a brief overview of Sophia Jobim and contribute to studies on feminism and individuality.