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The general purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between cognitive styles and personality types in order to gain insight into the placement of leaders within the context of current and future organisational demands. The study was conducted among 123 managers within the information technology environment of a South African financial institution. Data was collected by means of the Cognitive Process Profile (CPP) and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Supporting evidence, although not sufficient, indicates a probable relationship between cognitive styles and personality types. The assumption can therefore be made that the relationship between cognitive styles and personality types will be more pronounced among a more geographically distributed sample group which includes sufficient diverse respondents regarding the different cognitive styles and personality types. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCOM (Industrial Psychology)

Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:42:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009 / O desenvolvimento do conceito de corpo é marcado pela visão dissociada do homem em sua relação com a natureza, com conseqüentes implicações na epidemiologia. Este estudo tem aperspectiva de entender o corpo como integrado numa rede de elementos constitutivos, numa dinâmica de interações entre seus componentes e entre estes e outros seres e seu ambiente. Esta dinâmica se dá num contexto de alteridade, entendida não apenas no sentido das relações humanas, mas na sua acepção original, como qualidade do que é outro. Estudos recentes da biologia permitem supor um elo entre a questão da alteridade e suas raízes biológicas, integrando-a aos processos do adoecer. A capacidade de ação, de rearranjo do ser vivo em uma dinâmica de relações regulatórias e a noção de identidade são considerados na discussão dos fenômenos imunes. A alteridade aqui é vista como inata e biológica, no interior da qual a subjetividade é construída. Não há como considerar a alteridade sem aludir à subjetividade e à individualidade. Estes aspectos aparecem com clareza na experiência do transplante. Para desvendá-la, foi realizado um estudo qualitativo com base na abordagem fenomenológica, inspirado nas teorias da complexidade e referenciado por aporte teórico de vários saberes,num diálogo interdisciplinar. Foram realizadas vinte entrevistas em profundidade com pessoas que passaram pela experiência do transplante, independentemente do tipo de transplante realizado, do sexo ou grau de instrução. Após análise, foram identificadas as seguintes unidades de significado: a doença, um susto; riqueza de detalhes: a memória do corpo; qualidade (?) de vida antes do transplante; o tempo de espera; um telefonema: o chamado para uma nova vida; acordando diferente: começo de uma nova história; o estranhamento; alteridade: dívida, dádiva e gratidão; a dívida negativa; rejeição: a ameaça que vem de dentro; a dívida positiva; doadores vivos; nascendo de novo: uma vida praticamente normal; mudança de valores: o transplante como um caminho de transformação; a rede de alteridade conexões e esgarçamentos. Estas unidades de significado deram origem a quatro grandes temas que foram distribuídos nos seguintes capítulos: A Vida Antes do Transplante; O Transplante de (uma nova) Vida; Paradoxos da Alteridade: fechamento e abertura; A Vida Depois do Transplante. O estudo conclui considerando que tudo o que o homem é está enraizado na sua biologia, nela incluída e justaposta a dimensão subjetiva. A dimensão subjetiva humana é cunhada nas interações com os outros e com o meio. O ser humano (e, acreditamos, todo ser vivo) é constitutivamente relacional. Está, portanto, atrelado a uma dinâmica de alteridade, vivida de maneira radical pela pessoa transplantada. Sugere, assim, a conclusão de que não há separação entre mente e corpo, embora ainda subsista uma ponte a construir sobre o conhecimento para transpor o hiato entre as questões biológicas, as práticas intervencionistas e a experiência subjetiva. / The development of the concept of body is marked by men’s dissociated vision with his relationship with nature with consequents implication in epidemiology. This study has the perspective of understand the body as a part of a net of constitutive elements, in a dynamic of interaction between its components, and between those, and other beings in its environment. This dynamic happens in an alterity context, understood not only in the human relationship, but in its original acceptation, as “quality of what is the other”. Recent biology studies permit to assume a connection between the alterity issue and its biological roots, integrating it to the sickening process. The action capacity, of rearrangement of living beings in a dynamic of regulatory relationships and the notion of identity is considered in the discussion of the immunes phenomena. The alterity is seen here as innate and biological in the interior of which the subjectivity is built. There is no way to considerate alterity without alluding to the subjectivity and individuality. These aspects appear with clarity in the transplant experiment. To unfold it, a qualitative study was made with base in the phenomenological approach, inspired by the theories of complexity and referencing in theoretical port of several knowledge in an interdisciplinary dialogue. Twenty interviews were made in depth, with people who have gone trough the transplant experience, independently of the kind of transplant performed, gender or instruction degree. After analysis, there were identified the following units of meaning, the disease, a scary; richness of details: the body memory: life quality before the transplant; the waiting period; a phone call: the call to a new life; waking up differently: the beginning of a new story, the strangeness; alterity: debt, gift and thankfulness; the negative debt; rejection: the threat that comes from inside; the positive debt; living donors; being born again; a “practically normal life”; change of values: the transplant as a way of transformation; the alterity net: connections and separations. These units of meaning gave origin to four big themes that were distributed in the following chapters: The Life Before the Transplant; The Transplant of (a new) Life; Alterity paradoxes: closing and opening; The Life after Transplant. The study concludes considering that every thing that men is, is enrooted in our biology, and on it is included and juxtaposed to the subjective dimension. The human subjective dimension is intrinsic to the interaction with others and the environment. The human being (and, we believe all live beings) is constitutively relational. Is, ergo, attached to an alterity dynamic, experienced in a radical manner by the transplanted person. So it is suggested the conclusion that there is no separation between body and mind, even though there is a bridge to still be built over the knowledge to connect the hiatus between the biological issues, interventionist practices and subjective experience.

Nous nous proposons d'étudier la gestion du bruit stochastique d'expression génique. On s'intéresse plus particulièrement à la dynamique du bruit lors de la réponse cellulaire. Comment évolue le bruit? Quels sont les mécanismes en jeux? Quelle est l'importance du bruit dans le fonctionnement cellulaire? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous nous appuyons sur le réseau de régulation génétique qui gère la réponse au stress nutritionnel chez E. Coli. L'étude du comportement dynamique de ce réseau, au niveau d'une population de bactéries, a été initiée et est portée par la forte collaboration de deux équipes de la région : une de bio-informaticiens (l'équipe de Hidde de Jong de l'INRIA Rhône-Alpes) et la deuxième de biologistes (l'équipe de Hans Geiselmann, Laboratoire d'Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-organismes). En profitant donc de l'expérience et de la compréhension acquise par ces équipes, nous étudions les réponses individuelles de chaque bactérie lors de la transition entre état de stress nutritionnel, et état de croissance exponentielle. Le bruit d'expression génique est quantifié dans des nœuds clés du réseau de régulation. Pour ce faire, les bactéries sont suivies individuellement par microscopie de fluorescence sur plusieurs générations. Les données de fluorescence collectées sur cellules uniques permettent d'étudier la variabilité inter-cellulaire. Cette variabilité est quantifiée tout le long de la réponse: à chaque instant, on connaît la distribution des densités de fluorescence cellulaire dans la population de cellules. Et le suivi des lignées individuelles permet de travailler sur une population de cellules saines: les individus malades ou morts qui ne se divisent pas, sont écartés. En réduisant ainsi les phénomènes cellulaires en jeux, on réduit le nombre de paramètres. Les sources de bruit sont moins nombreuses, et il est plus facile de comprendre les mécanismes en jeux. Les informations de lignage cellulaire permettent aussi d'étudier la variabilité introduite par la phase du cycle cellulaire: les événements de division cellulaire peut être artificiellement synchronisés. Le bruit est alors étudié sur une population en phase lors de la division. Cette étude montre que le bruit sondé n'est pas dominé par les différences dans la phase du cycle cellulaire. On peut donc modéliser nos cellules sans tenir compte des différences introduites par le cycle cellulaire. Le modèle testé est simplifié aux étapes de transcription-traduction-maturation. Les paramètres du modèle sont inférés de nos données expérimentales, et le modèle est testé à travers des simulations. / We aim to investigate the management of the stochastic noise in gene expression and more precisely the study of noise in dynamical cellular responses. How the noise varies following a perturbation? What mechanisms are at play? How important is noise in the cellular function? To answer these questions, we are interested in the genetic regulatory network that handles the nutritional stress response in E. Coli. The noise of gene expression is quantified in a key node of the network control. For that bacteria are followed individually by fluorescence and phase contrast microscopy over several generations. This variability between cells is quantified throughout the response to the nutritional perturbation: at every moment, we know the density distribution of cellular fluorescence in the cell population. And monitoring of individual lines allows us to take into account only the population of healthy cells: individuals that do not divide neither grow, are discarded. Thereby reducing other sources of variability (e.g. cellular phenomena) we reduce the number of parameters. Noise sources are less numerous, and it is easier to understand the mechanisms at play. Also the information on cell lineage allow to study the variability introduced by the phase of the cell cycle: the events of cell division can be artificially synchronized. This study shows that the noise sounded is not dominated by differences in the phase of the cell cycle. We can therefore model our cells regardless of the differences introduced by the cell cycle. The tested model is simplified to the steps of transcription-translation-maturation. The model parameters are inferred from our experimental data and the model is tested through simulations.

A presente tese se desenvolve por meio da constituição do conceito de protoforma orgânica com o qual objetivamos tratar de relações problemáticas entre as noções gerais de vida e individualidade, particularmente no que se refere ao problema de suas origens, compreendida aqui como o momento privilegiado da gênese organo-vital no qual a tensão entre vida e individualidade se expressa de modo mais evidente. Vida, individualidade e origens se constituem em noções gerais e em grandes temas da investigação e da reflexão filosófica e científica de todos os tempos. O conceito de protoforma orgânica emerge da observação de diversos elementos em um solo histórico-conceitual de investigações científicas e em filosofia natural, que se constitui num conjunto de expressões históricas particulares que investigamos em nossa tese, a saber, os conceitos de monera, de Urschleim e de Urpflanze. Estruturamos o conceito de protoforma orgânica a partir de duas noções-eixo que nortearam o seu sentido. A primeira delas é a noção de uma polaridade entre uma condição pré-individual e uma condição individual como constituinte da forma orgânica. A segunda é a noção de memória orgânica como uma propriedade anímico-psíquica das formas orgânicas universalmente presente, desde os seus níveis mais elementares. Trata-se, assim, de compreender como se dá a relação problemática entre vida e individualidade e como a questão das suas origens pode contribuir para tal compreensão. Assim, o conceito de protoforma orgânica foi estruturado dentro de uma visão morfológica na qual as noções de forma e de orgânico se entrelaçam com as noções de vida e de individualidade. / The present thesis proposes the constitution of the concept of organic protoform with which we aim to deal with problematic relations between the general notions of life and individuality. Particularly with regard to the problem of its origins, understood here as the privileged moment of the genesis of organo-vital beings, at which moment the tension between life and individuality is expressed more clearly. Life, individuality and origins are general notions and themes of research and philosophical and scientific reflection of all time. The concept of organic protoform emerges from the observation of several elements directed to a historical-conceptual soil of scientific investigations and natural philosophy. This basis is constituted by our investigation into a set of particular historical expressions which we investigate in our thesis, namely the concepts of monera, Urschleim and Urpflanze. We structured the concept of organic protoform from two notions-axis that guided its meaning. The first is the notion of a polarity between a preindividual condition and an individual condition as a constituent of the organic form. The second is the notion of organic memory as a psychic property of organic forms universally present, from its most elementary levels. It is therefore a question of understanding how the problematic relationship between life and individuality takes place and how the question of its origins can contribute to this understanding. Thus, the concept of organic protoform was structured within a morphological vision in which the notions of form and of organic intertwine with the notions of life and of individuality.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-04T19:33:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 romulogomesdeoliveira.pdf: 629952 bytes, checksum: 5c6eb922d630905d0cb040685d77f711 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T16:22:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 romulogomesdeoliveira.pdf: 629952 bytes, checksum: 5c6eb922d630905d0cb040685d77f711 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T16:22:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 romulogomesdeoliveira.pdf: 629952 bytes, checksum: 5c6eb922d630905d0cb040685d77f711 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-12 / Este trabalho visa analisar alguns conceitos relevantes para a compreensão de uma filosofia da religião no pensamento de Søren Aabye Kierkegaard (1813-1855), bem como a interrelação entre eles, assumindo como problemática central a relação entre ser humano particular e Deus. Embora a obra de Kierkegaard se caracterize por uma grande complexidade, este trabalho apóia-se sobre um eixo conceitual capaz de conferir uma unidade de sentido ao conjunto de seus escritos: a relação de fundamento do indivíduo em Deus no processo existencial de tornar-se si-mesmo. Este procedimento permite demonstrar a viabilidade, do ponto de vista da Ciência da Religião, de se ler a construção de uma filosofia da religião por Kierkegaard, a partir das condições necessárias para que um ser humano alcance sua individualidade efetiva. A ideia basilar deste trabalho é a de que, embora toda pessoa nasça humana, é preciso que se torne um si-mesmo, um indivíduo, pois, conforme a antropologia kierkegaardiana, a individualidade não é um dado a priori, mas a potencialidade mais específica do ser humano que só pode ser alcançada com empenho pessoal. Ela corresponde à máxima realização humana numa dimensão absoluta. Por isso, sua possibilidade está ligada a uma relação em que Deus – o absoluto – é seu único fundamento. Por meio deste trabalho, é possível inferir que Kierkegaard desenvolve uma noção própria de religião que não se restringe à dimensão cúltica nem a uma função da vida social. Trata-se de compreender a vida humana como existir diante de Deus. O modo da existência, em sua configuração necessária segundo a qualidade da relação que se estabelece com Deus, é a marca fundamental do que se pode entender por religião na filosofia kierkegaardiana. / This study aims to examine some relevant concepts to an understanding of a philosophy of religion from the Søren Aabye Kierkegaard’s thought (1813-1855) as well as the interrelationship between them, taking as a central problematic relationship between particular human being and God. Although Kierkegaard's work is characterized by great complexity, this work rests on a conceptual axis capable of conferring a sense of unity to the whole of his writings: the relationship of the individual foundation in God in the existential process of becoming oneself. This procedure allows demonstrating the viability, from the standpoint of the science of religion, to read the construction of a philosophy of religion by Kierkegaard, from the conditions necessary for a human being effectively reach his individuality. The basic idea of this work is that, while every person is born as a human being, every person must become a self, an individual, because, according to Kierkegaard anthropology, individuality is not an a priori given, but the most specific human potentiality which can be accomplished only through the personal commitment. It corresponds to the highest human achievement in absolute dimension. Therefore, its possibility is linked to a relationship that God - the absolute - is its only grounding. Through this work, we can infer that Kierkegaard develops his own concept of religion that is not restricted to the cultic dimension or to a function of a social life. It is to understand human life as there is with God. The mode of existence in its necessary configuration according to the quality of the relationship established with God, is the fundamental feature of what one can understand to be the religion in Kierkegaard’s philosophy.

Miroslava Mayerová Abstract Annotation Mayerová, Miroslava: Art group 12/15 and its position in the Czech art after year 1989. [Diploma thesis] Prague, 2019. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of education, Art education department. Title of the Diploma's Thesis: Art group 12/15 and its position in the Czech art after year 1989 ABSTRACT: The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyze the position of the Art Group 12/15 Better Late than never at Czech art scene after the year 1989, with an emphasis on generational changes and postmodern turn. In didactic part, the intention was to establish the awareness of the art group in the minds of students and, based on interdisciplinary ties, to repeat and broaden their knowledge of contexts. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on historical, art-historical and social science literature. To illustrate the time, atmosphere and position of Group 12/15 as precisely as possible, semi-structured and unstructured interviews with the group members themselves were used as a methodology. The diploma thesis shows that Group 12/15 and its generation are the bridge between the 2nd avant-garde, postmodern and contemporary art, maintaining the continuity of the Czech art scene. The didactic and practical part points out the importance of intergenerational discussion...

Объектом исследования явился перфекционизм. Предметом исследования стала связь перфекционизма с экзистенциальной исполненностью, толерантностью-интолерантностью к неопределенности и формально-динамическими свойствами индивидуальности. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения и списка литературы (66 источников). Объем магистерской диссертации 83 страницы, на которых размещены 13 таблиц и 8 рисунков. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме «перфекционизм». Также включены разделы, описывающие экзистенциалььную исполненность, формально-динамические свойства индивидуальности и толерантность-интолерантность к неопределенности. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава описывает эмпирическую часть исследования. Представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования, а также полученных результатов. В исследовании были использованы методики: «Многомерная шкала перфекционизма» П. Хьюитта и Г. Флетта в адаптации И. И. Грачевой; «Дифференциальный тест перфекционизма», оригинальная методика А. А. Золотаревой; опросник формально динамических свойств индивидуальности (ОФДСИ-26), сокращенный В. М. Русалова; «Диагностика экзистенциальной исполненности» (авторы В. Б. Шумский, Е. М. Уколова, Е. Н. Осин, Я. Д. Лупандина); «Новый опросник толерантности-интолерантности к определенности» Т. В. Корниловой, контент-анализ. По итогам эмпирического исследования представлены результаты сравнительного, корреляционного и регрессионного анализа. Определено, что адаптивный перфекционизм положительно связан с активностью и отрицательно-с эмоциональностью. Также адаптивный перфекционизм положительно связан со всеми параметрами экзистенциальной исполненности, тогда как связь с толерантностью к неопределенности отсутствует. Напротив, дезадаптивный перфекционизм положительно связан с эмоциональностью во всех сферах и отрицательно – с активностью и экзистенциальной исполненностью. Дезадаптивный перфекционизм связан со всеми параметрами дифференциальной модели перфекционизма П. Хьюитта и Г. Флетта, а именно, с перфекционизмом, ориентированным на себя, на других и с социально предписанным перфекционизмом. При этом перфекционизм, ориентированный на себя, отрицательно связан с параметрами экзистенциальной исполненности «Бытие-в-мире» и «Самоценность». Перфекционизм, ориентированный на других, отрицательно связан с параметрами экзистенциальной исполненности «Бытие в-мире», «Ценность жизни» и «Самоценность». Социально предписанный перфекционизм отрицательно коррелирует со всеми параметрами экзистенциальной исполненности. В результате регрессионного анализа было определено, что предиктором адаптивного перфекционизма со стороны формально динамических свойств индивидуальности является высокая активность, а со стороны экзистенциальной исполненности – параметры «Ценность жизни» (отрицательный вклад), «Самоценность» и «Смысл» (положительный вклад). Предиктором дезадаптивного перфекционизма со стороны формально динамических свойств индивидуальности является высокая эмоциональность, а со стороны экзистенциальной исполненности – параметр «Бытие-в-мире» (отрицательный вклад). В заключении обобщены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны перспективы дальнейшей работы в данной проблематике. / The object of the study was perfectionism. The subject of the study was the relationship of the perfectionism with existential fulfillment, tolerance-tolerance to uncertainty and formal-dynamic properties of individuality. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion and a list of references (66 sources). The volume of the master's thesis is 82 pages, which contain 13 tables and 8 figures. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the elaboration of the problem, sets the purpose and objectives of the study, defines the object and subject of the study, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, specifies the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of "perfectionism". Also included are sections describing existential fulfillment, formal-dynamic properties of individuality and tolerance-intolerance to uncertainty. The conclusions of the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter describes the empirical part of the study. The description of the organization and methods of the conducted research, as well as the results obtained, is presented. The following methods were used in the study: "Multidimensional scale of perfectionism" by P. Hewitt and G. Flett in the adaptation of I. I. Gracheva; "Differential test of perfectionism", the original method of A. A. Zolotareva; questionnaire of formally dynamic properties of individuality (OFDSI-26), abbreviated by V. M. Rusalov; "Diagnostics of existential fulfillment" (authors V. B. Shumsky, E. M. Ukolova, E. N. Osin, Ya. D. Lupandina); "A new questionnaire of tolerance-intolerance to certainty" by T. V. Kornilova, content analysis. Based on the results of the empirical study, the results of comparative, correlation and regression analysis are presented. It is determined that adaptive perfectionism is positively associated with activity and negatively with emotionality. Adaptive perfectionism is also positively associated with all parameters of existential fulfillment, while there is no connection with tolerance to uncertainty. On the contrary, maladaptive perfectionism is positively associated with emotionality in all spheres and negatively with activity and existential fulfillment. Maladaptive perfectionism is associated with all the parameters of the differential model of perfectionism by P. Hewitt and G. Flett, namely, with perfectionism focused on oneself, on others and with socially prescribed perfectionism. At the same time, self-oriented perfectionism is negatively associated with the parameters of existential fulfillment of "Being-in-the-world" and "Self-worth". Perfectionism, focused on others, is negatively associated with the parameters of existential fulfillment "Being in the world", "Value of life" and "Self-worth". Socially prescribed perfectionism negatively correlates with all parameters of existential fulfillment. As a result of regression analysis, it was determined that the predictor of adaptive perfectionism from the formally dynamic properties of individuality is high activity, and from the existential fulfillment – the parameters "Value of life" (negative contribution), "Self-worth" and "Meaning" (positive contribution). The predictor of maladaptive perfectionism on the part of the formally dynamic properties of individuality is high emotionality, and on the part of existential fulfillment is the "Being–in-the-world" parameter (negative contribution). In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work are summarized, conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, the practical significance of the study is substantiated and the prospects for further work in this area are described.

Les réseaux neuronaux profonds sont des outils prometteurs pour l'évaluation de la biodiversité aviaire, en particulier pour la détection des chants et la classification acoustique des espèces. Toutefois, on connaît mal l’étendue de leur capacité de généralisation face à la variation intraspécifique présente dans les chants d’oiseaux, ce qui pourrait mener à des biais. Notre étude porte sur l'évaluation des performances de BirdNET, un réseau neuronal profond, pour le traitement d’un corpus d'enregistrements audio caractérisés par une variation intraspécifique significative, en utilisant l’exemple du chant du bruant des prés (Passerculus sandwichensis). Dans la population de l'île de Kent, au Nouveau-Brunswick, les individus sont suivis et enregistrés grâce à leurs bagues de couleur et la présence de microdialectes est solidement documentée. Nous avons recueilli et annoté 69 606 chants provenant de 52 individus et analysé ces données à l'aide d’une version récente de BirdNET. Nos résultats révèlent que BirdNET démontre une précision globale suffisante, prédisant correctement 81,9 % des chants, ce qui dépasse les résultats rapportés par ses développeurs. Toutefois, nous avons observé une variation considérable dans les scores de confiance et les taux de prédiction exactes entre les individus, ce qui suggère des biais potentiels. Cependant, nos recherches n'ont pas mis en évidence de variation entre les résultats des différents microdialectes, ce qui souligne la relative robustesse de l'algorithme. Nous avançons que la variation observée entre les individus est due au fait que certains d’entre eux chantent systématiquement plus près des microphones, résultant en des chants plus clairs donc plus faciles à identifier. Pour mieux comprendre le processus de prise de décision de BirdNET, nous avons tenté de produire des cartes d'activation de classe, qui constituent un outil précieux pour identifier les éléments d’un chant qui déterminent une prédiction. Cependant, il ne nous a pas été possible d’obtenir des cartes d’activation de classe d’après la version actuellement disponible du code de BirdNET sans avoir recours à des connaissances avancées en informatique. L'accès à des outils explicatifs adaptés aux innovations récentes dans les architectures de réseaux neuronaux 4 profonds serait crucial pour mieux interpréter les résultats et renforcer la confiance des utilisateurs. Nos résultats soulignent la nécessité de poursuivre les recherches sur la capacité de généralisation des réseaux neuronaux profonds pour la bioacoustique en utilisant des ensembles de données monospécifiques portant sur de plus longues périodes ou des aires de répartition géographique plus vastes. En outre, l'extension de cette étude à des espèces ayant des répertoires plus importants ou des différences plus subtiles entre le chant des individus pourrait nous informer davantage sur les limites et le potentiel des algorithmes d'apprentissage profond pour la détection et la classification acoustiques des espèces. En conclusion, notre étude démontre les performances prometteuses de BirdNET pour le traitement d'un large corpus de chants de bruants des prés, et confirme son potentiel en tant qu'outil précieux pour l'évaluation de la biodiversité aviaire. Les biais dus aux techniques d’enregistrement et la variation dans les taux de succès observés entre les individus méritent d'être étudiés plus en détail. / Machine learning, particularly deep neural networks, has gained prominence as a valuable tool in ecological studies and wildlife conservation planning. In the field of avian biodiversity assessment, deep neural networks have shown remarkable promise, particularly in acoustic species detection and classification. Despite their success, a critical knowledge gap exists concerning the generalization ability of these algorithms across intraspecific variation in bird song. This raises concerns about potential biases and misinterpretation of results. This study focuses on evaluating the performance of BirdNET, a deep neural network, in processing audio recordings characterized by significant intraspecific variation in the Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) song. Savannah Sparrows are an ideal candidate for this investigation, given their well-studied population on Kent Island, New Brunswick, Canada. Each male sings a unique, unchanging song throughout its life, and the population exhibits well-documented geographical microdialects. We collected a large corpus of Savannah Sparrow songs using autonomous and focal recorders on Kent Island, yielding a total of 69,606 manually annotated songs from 52 different sparrows. We analyzed the audio data using BirdNET-Analyzer. The resulting confidence scores were used to assess the algorithm's performance across microdialects and individual birds. Our results revealed that BirdNET exhibited considerable overall accuracy, correctly predicting 81.9% of the songs, which surpassed the results reported by the developers of BirdNET. We observed variations in BirdNET's confidence scores among individual birds, suggesting potential biases in its classifications. However, our investigation indicated no evidence of distinct biases towards specific microdialects, highlighting the algorithm's relative robustness across these groups. We suspect that the variation observed amongst individuals is caused by the fact that some were singing consistently closer to microphones, yielding clearer songs. To gain insights into BirdNET's decision-making process, we sought to employ class activation maps, a valuable tool for identifying essential song elements contributing to species predictions. However, we were unable to produce class activation maps from the current version of BirdNET 6 without advanced computer science skills. Access to informative tools adapted to recent innovations in deep neural network architectures for bioacoustic applications is crucial for understanding and interpreting results better. Such tools would enhance user confidence and favour accountability for conservation decisions based on these predictions. Our findings underscore the need for further research investigating the generalization capacity of deep neural networks in bioacoustics on single-species datasets with more extensive intraspecific variation and broader geographical ranges. Additionally, expanding this investigation to species with larger song repertoires or more subtle inter-individual song differences could provide valuable insights into the limits and potential of deep learning algorithms for acoustic species detection and classification. In conclusion, our study demonstrates BirdNET's promising performance in processing a large corpus of Savannah Sparrow songs, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for avian biodiversity assessment. Biases and variations in confidence scores observed across individual birds warrant further investigation.

German text / Diese Forschungsarbeit versucht aufzuzeigen, inwiefern der Glaube an die Trinität als Gemeinschaft von Vater, Sohn und Heiligem Geist zu einem erfüllenden zwischenmenschlichen Zusammenleben in sozialen Online-Netzwerken beitragen kann. Im Gespräch mit den drei Theologen Jürgen Moltmann, Leonardo Boff und Gisbert Greshake wird das Konzept der Sozialen Trinität mit seinen Implikationen für das zwischenmenschliche Zusammenleben erarbeitet. In einem zweiten Teil werden die neuen Möglichkeiten von sozialen Online- Netzwerken und die deutlichsten damit verbundenen Mängel für das zwischenmenschliche Zusammenleben am Beispiel von Facebook dargestellt. Schlussendlich wird danach gefragt, inwiefern die Erkenntnisse aus der theologischen Diskussion für den spezifischen Kontext sozialer Online-Netzwerke fruchtbar gemacht werden können. Es werden drei unterschiedliche Aspekte herausgearbeitet, in denen der Glaubende durch das Eingebundensein in die göttliche Gemeinschaft eine neue Sicht auf seinen sozialen Kontext erhalten und eine hilfreiche Ressource finden kann, um den Unzulänglichkeiten des zwischenmenschlichen Zusammenlebens in sozialen Online-Netzwerken entgegenzuwirken. / This thesis wishes to demonstrate in how far faith in the Trinity as community of Father, Son and Holy Spirit can contribute to a fulfilling human communal life on social networking sites. In conversation with the three theologians Jürgen Moltmann, Leonardo Boff and Gisbert Greshake, a concept of the Social Trinity and its implications on human communal life is being elaborated. In a second part, the new possibilities and the gravest shortcomings of human interactions on Facebook are depicted. Finally, it is asked, in how far the findings of the theological discussion can be fructified in the specific context of social networking sites. In three different aspects it will be elaborated, in which the believer can find, through his or her incorporation into the godly community, a new perspective for his social context and a helpful resource to counter the shortcomings of human communal life on social networking sites. / Philosophy & Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Systematic Theology)