As três primeiras décadas do século XX representaram uma importante transformação no panorama brasileiro. O modelo agroexportador que priorizou por séculos a exportação de gêneros agrícolas e teve como principal produto nas últimas décadas o café, deu seus primeiros sinais de esgotamento ao mesmo tempo em que a industrialização ia aos poucos ganhando espaço como alternativa econômica no país.A jovem República Oligárquica também dava sinais de contradição com o surgimento de grupos sociais insatisfeitos com a falta de participação política e a piora nos níveis de vida nos grandes centros urbanos. É em meio a esse contexto de crise que surgiu o Centro das Indústrias do Estado de São Paulo, fundado em 1928, com o intuito de representar as demandas do empresariado industrial paulista. Buscamos em nossa pesquisa, investigar as origens dessa fração de classe, a organização de suas demandas e seu posicionamento político. Para isso, nos debruçaremos principalmente no posicionamento do CIESP frente a dois eventos políticos: a Revolução de 1930 e o levante paulista de 1932. / The first three decades of the twentieth century represented an important transformation for the brasilian outlook. The agroexporter model, which prioratized for centuries the exportation of agricultural products, had in coffee its main product for the past decades and shown its first signs of exhaustion, at the same tine as the industrialization process bit by bit gained centrality as an economic alternative for the country. The young oligarquic republic also displayed signs of contradiction in regards to the uprising of social groups insatisfied with the lack of political participation and with the decreasing quality of life in the large urban centers. In such context the Center of Industries of the State of Sao Paulo emerged, founded in 1928, carrying out the goal of representing the claims of Sao Paulo\'s industrial business community. We search, in this research, to investigate the origins of this class fraction and the organization of their interests and political positioning. Therefore, we shall look specially into the instituion positioning in relation to two political events: the 1930 Revoluion and the 1932 uprising in Sao Paulo.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:36:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 22 / Nenhuma / O desenvolvimento de um país passa pela construção de estágios avançados de industrialização, de preferência assentados sob uma base nacional. Isso ocorreu com os países centrais. O desafio que está colocado é de como os países periféricos poderão alcançar esses estágios, considerando as carências que detém e as pressões dos países ricos que “chutam a escada” para impedir-lhes o avanço. O primeiro passo para iniciar essa trajetória é a estratégia do país que deverá tratar das políticas de desenvolvimento. Um dos aspectos fundamentais para alcançar o desenvolvimento é a tecnologia. Sem tecnologia não há perspectiva de desenvolvimento no sistema capitalista, porque, segundo Schumpeter (1982), o fluxo circular da economia sai da inércia com a entrada da inovação. A inovação, por sua vez, ocorre inserida num todo articulado que Freeman (2004) denominou de “Sistema Nacional de Inovação”. Esse sistema envolve as entidades governamentais, universidades, institutos de pesquisa e empresas, com o objetivo de obter i

Within the greater movement of sustainable development, industrial practices have been identified as a key area in which much improvement is both necessary and possible. The development and operation of industrial parks have become a focus of these efforts. The basic premise of this thesis is that a sustainable industrial park should function in an economically competitive manner that provides for human needs through market mechanisms while doing so in alliance with the local community, in congruence with the local ecosystem and within the carrying capacity of the planet. From a municipal planning and economic development perspective, this thesis focuses upon the development of a municipal strategy to effectuate sustainable industrial development and operations. Utilizing a blended theoretical approach incorporating general systems theory and planning theories, the proposed industrial park surrounding the Hamilton International Airport, in the City of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, has been analyzed to develop a viable sustainability vision for the park, identify barriers to implementing and achieving that vision, and formulate a municipal strategy to promote and enable the pursuit and realization of that vision. It was found that there is an important role for the municipality to assume and numerous opportunities for concrete municipal action throughout the planning, development and operational stages of the industrial park. Upon reflection of the research process, the findings were extrapolated to garner wider applicability and relevance to other municipalities provincially, nationally, and internationally, as well as to the professional and academic community involved in industrial sustainability.

Within the greater movement of sustainable development, industrial practices have been identified as a key area in which much improvement is both necessary and possible. The development and operation of industrial parks have become a focus of these efforts. The basic premise of this thesis is that a sustainable industrial park should function in an economically competitive manner that provides for human needs through market mechanisms while doing so in alliance with the local community, in congruence with the local ecosystem and within the carrying capacity of the planet. From a municipal planning and economic development perspective, this thesis focuses upon the development of a municipal strategy to effectuate sustainable industrial development and operations. Utilizing a blended theoretical approach incorporating general systems theory and planning theories, the proposed industrial park surrounding the Hamilton International Airport, in the City of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, has been analyzed to develop a viable sustainability vision for the park, identify barriers to implementing and achieving that vision, and formulate a municipal strategy to promote and enable the pursuit and realization of that vision. It was found that there is an important role for the municipality to assume and numerous opportunities for concrete municipal action throughout the planning, development and operational stages of the industrial park. Upon reflection of the research process, the findings were extrapolated to garner wider applicability and relevance to other municipalities provincially, nationally, and internationally, as well as to the professional and academic community involved in industrial sustainability.

Kring en kärna av kompetens inom mekanisk verkstadsindustri har det ständigt tillverkats nya produkter vid AB Hägglund &amp; Söner med säte i Örnsköldsvik. Möbler, busskarosserier, flygplan, gruvlok, elektriska motorer, svetsmaskiner, fartygskranar och hydrauliska motorer är bara några exempel. Utvecklingen av nya produkter har skett i nära samarbete med kunder med vilka man haft långvariga affärsutbyten. Inom företaget har intresset och entusiasmen för nya produkter och konstruktioner varit en ständig drivkraft till ökad kunskap. Redan tidigt utvecklades en kultur och tradition av att gärna och med stor arbetsinsats ge sig in på svåra men utmanande och spännande projekt kring nya produkter. I denna empiriska del behandlas företagets omvandling under en period av sextio år. Med utgångspunkt från produkterna söker författaren beskriva förändring såväl i intern resursomvandling som externt i interaktion med kunder och leverantörer. Boken utgör den empiriska delen av "Ett industriföretags omvandling". / <p>Utgör jämte förf:s: "Ett industriföretags omvandling" diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk</p>

The use of mercury in artisanal mines is posing serious environmental and human health risks. Marcello Veiga is aiming to introduce global standards to regulate its use.

Kring en kärna av kompetens inom mekanisk verkstadsindustri har det ständigt tillverkats nya produkter vid AB Hägglund &amp; Söner med säte i Örnsköldsvik. Möbler, busskarosserier, flygplan, gruvlok, elektriska motorer, svetsmaskiner, fartygskranar och hydrauliska motorer är bara några exempel. Utvecklingen av nya produkter har skett i nära samarbete med kunder med vilka man haft långvariga affärsutbyten. Inom företaget har intresset och entusiasmen för nya produkter och konstruktioner varit en ständig drivkraft till ökad kunskap. Redan tidigt utvecklades en kultur och tradition av att gärna och med stor arbetsinsats ge sig in på svåra men utmanande och spännande projekt kring nya produkter. I denna empiriska del behandlas företagets omvandling under en period av sextio år. Med utgångspunkt från produkterna söker författaren beskriva förändring såväl i intern resursomvandling som externt i interaktion med kunder och leverantörer. Boken utgör den empiriska delen av "Ett industriföretags omvandling".

Industrial operations have been attributed to causing social and environmental problems such as: acid rain; greenhouse gas emissions, air, water and soil pollution; plus health problems to neighbourhood communities. With the 3P (people, planet, profit) approach for sustainability as the background, there have been movements to establish the concept of eco-industrial development in existing or new industrial areas from the planning stage onwards. Industrial ecology (IE) is the operation of an industrial ecosystem which is based on the principles of operation of a natural ecosystem. Industrial symbiosis (IS), one of the principal applications of IE, is defined as inter-firm collaboration, where a network of industries collaborates in exchange of products, by-products, information, resources and wastes to reduce their collective environmental footprint to achieve mutual benefits. / Industrial symbiosis is a collaborative process of industries geographically located in an industrial park, which facilitates and enables an exchange of products, by-products and wastes to reduce the collective adverse impacts of the emission during the operation of these industries. However, IS faces a number of barriers. Importantly, it has been identified that there is a critical impediment to implementing future IS practices in the area. This is because of the number of barriers such as technical, regulatory, commercial as well as informational. In addition, there is an absence of a proven and well established evaluation methodology to identify the benefits of such practice. The true implications of IS might therefore remain underestimated, thereby failing to convince industry, government and the community to realize the opportunities IS can bring in attaining goals of sustainability in their operations. / The aim of this PhD research was to develop and trial a method for capturing the life cycle environmental, social and economic implications of industrial symbiosis in heavy industrial areas. This research was based on multi-disciplinary approach of examining environmental, social and financial aspects to develop an integrated method. In the Kwinana industrial Area (KIA), the primary research area in Western Australia, the opportunities were significant for such industrial symbiosis to happen because of the co-location of diverse industries. The research hypothesis that informs this thesis is that the assessment of implications of present IS might bring further opportunities for enhancing symbiosis between industries. Though the primary emphasis of the research was in the Kwinana Industrial Area, this approach could be applied to other heavy industrial areas. This site could be significant both nationally and internationally in providing a platform for business responses to regional sustainable development challenges, by documenting best practice and improving approaches for implementing industrial symbiosis. / This research addressed the objectives by using the developed Six Capitals Model (SCM) for identifying environmental, social and economic benefits. The values under these dimensions were analysed with regard to natural, ecosystem, human, social, financial and manufactured capitals for a project of wastewater reclamation for industrial use. Under the environmental dimension, the model revealed that resource conservation and resource security were achieved as a result of the operation of this project. These results are in line with the argument that industrial symbiosis secures and conserves resources due to the possibility of reclaiming the resources that were once discarded. Water contamination has been reduced as a result of the operation of this project. This indicator shows that there is an improvement in maintaining the ecosystem capital. / In terms of human capital, sharing information between industries and opportunities of sharing infrastructure and technology has been improved. Regarding community capital, sharing of information between industries and communities, has increased as a result of this project. Collaboration of government bodies, level of understanding about IS projects due to increasing communication between various stakeholders, and increase of employment opportunities are notable, as value has been generated for community capital since the project started. In terms of financial capital of the project, the majority of the participants did not gain any financial savings in terms of direct costs but rather accrued short term costs. This was due to the infrastructure cost involved as part of installation of pipes and pumps. It was also due to the high cost of the reclaimed water than the scheme water. In addition, the analysis showed that most of the participants of the project did not gain any savings in the indirect costs such as hidden and legal costs, such as permit costs, compliance costs, future fines and penalties. However, as part of manufactured capital, there were savings due to improved business opportunities as well as infrastructure, for business and community collectively. / The results of this thesis show that broader benefits of symbiosis can be achieved, not only from operation of the project, but also from the influence of processes of symbiosis. Among them are connection, communication and collaboration between the project partners. There has been a substantial increase in the networking of industries and formation of multi groups for addressing various issues faced by industry and community in the Kwinana. There has also been a further increase in the transparency of information dissemination and communication through industries council’s website. In addition, there has been an improvement in the rate of participation of community members and groups in the Communities and Industries Forum (CIF) which resulted in the formation of further stakeholder groups by industries council as a platform for addressing the issues of industries and communities. / IS practices strengthen the EIP concept and increase the chances of sustainable industrial development regionally due to collaboration of community of businesses and local and regional community. IS also increases the reputation and license to operate in the community. There are many advantages for using the Model developed in the thesis to assess the benefits of IS. First, the values of ecosystem values maintained are able to be accounted for in addition to natural capital values. The Six Capital Model can also account human capital values in addition to community capital. The Model also accounted the manufactured capital in addition to financial capital and it gives an opportunity to identify the value generated towards community and companies. / Finally, the Model enables a calculation of the internal costs and external costs and benefits so that industries are able to understand the real cost of the projects. One of the main advantages of this method is that with, right indicators, the intangible values of the IS process can also be assessed and reported.

The Industrial Development Corporation is the largest provider of development funding in South Africa. Despite having documented processes for assessing funding applications, which include traditional performance measures, the impairments as a percentage of outstanding funding book are increasing. However, scholarly literature indicates that traditional performance measures seem inadequate, with Economic Value Added providing more detailed performance company. The study assesses the Industrial Development Corporation employee’s perceptions on stipulated and additional performance measures and its funding processes. The study followed a quantitative research design using a questionnaire. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to analyse the data. The study found that stipulated performance measures are mostly used, but not Economic Value Added. Funding processes could be enhanced through more performance measures and additional pre and post investment processes. It is recommended that processes be enhanced and the addition of Economic Value Added be investigated to assist in reducing impairments. / Management Accounting / M. Phil.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Ao longo da histÃria o Estado brasileiro adotou diferentes estratÃgias na conduÃÃo das questÃes relacionadas ao desenvolvimento econÃmico da RegiÃo Nordeste. A criaÃÃo, em 1909, do Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra a Seca (DNOCS), antiga Inspetoria de Obras Contra as Secas, da Companhia HidrelÃtrica do SÃo Francisco (CHESF), em 1945, do Banco do Nordeste, em 1952, e da SuperintendÃncia de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (SUDENE), em 1959, sÃo exemplos destas aÃÃes,implementadas atà meados do sÃculo passado.Nas Ãltimas dÃcadas, as aÃÃes do governo federal na regiÃo tÃm priorizado grupos jà favorecidos, ou setores de atividades considerados dinÃmicos e competitivos, ao mesmo tempo em que tÃm propiciado um invÃlucro de desenvolvimento industrial sustentado, sobretudo, pela renÃncia fiscal e, muitas vezes, movido pela forÃa de trabalhadores submetidos a novas formas de exploraÃÃo e de controle do trabalho. [...] / Throughout history, the Brazilian State has adopted different strategies in issues related to the economic development of the Northeast Region. The creation, in 1909, of the National Department of Works Against Drought (DNOCS), the former Inspection of Works Against Drought, the SÃo Francisco Hydroelectric Company (CHESF) in 1945, Banco do Nordeste in 1952, and the Superintendency (SUDENE) in 1959 are examples of these actions, implemented until the middle of the last century. In the last decades, the actions of the federal government in the region have prioritized already favored groups, or sectors of activities considered dynamic and competitive, to the At the same time as they have provided an industrial development envelope sustained, above all, by the fiscal renunciation and, often, by the force of workers submitted to new forms of exploitation and control of labor. [...]