Bygg- och anläggningsbranschen innebär en temporär arbetsmiljö där det krävs god kommunikation, förståelse och samordning för att minska säkerhetsrisker. Eftersom det saknas forskning om relationer inom branschen var syftet med studien att, utifrån ett medarbetarperspektiv och med utgångspunkt i LMX-teorin, undersöka vilka faktorer som har betydelse för relationen mellan ledare och medarbetare inom bygg- och anläggningsbranschen. Till intervjustudien medverkade 10 deltagare som arbetade inom olika yrkeskategorier. Den tematiska analysen resulterade i 7 faktorer som främjar samt hindrar utbytesrelationer: ledarens medmänsklighet för medarbetare, ledarens erfarenhet inom branschen, rättvis fördelning av resurser, att tillhöra en ingrupp som stärker företaget, bristfällig kommunikation, fysiskt och psykologiskt avstånd, samt skilda målsättningar. Resultatet visade att främjande faktorer skapade tillit, förtroende och förståelse för varandra, vilket ledde till ett bättre samarbete där medarbetarna ville agera för att gynna företaget. De hindrande faktorerna skapade osäkerhet kring förväntningarna på deras arbetsuppgifter och relation samt kunde försvåra deras samspel.

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In der Dissertation nimmt sich die Verfasserin einem Phänomen an, das im deutschen Einzelhandel weit verbreitet ist, über das es aber kaum empirische Untersuchungen gibt: Die Behandlung geringfügig Beschäftigter und die entsprechenden Einstellungen der Betroffenen und des Stammpersonals. Als Grundlage für die empirische Untersuchung dienen die Soziale Identitätstheorie, das Common Ingroup Identity Model und die Revidierte Kontakttheorie. Auf Basis einer schriftlichen Befragung von 372 Stammmitarbeitern und 75 geringfügig Beschäftigten sowie 36 halbstrukturierten Interviews mit Personalverantwortlichen, Stamm- und geringfügig Beschäftigten in insgesamt 15 Unternehmen des überwiegend ostdeutschen Einzelhandels untersuchte die Verfasserin, ob sich geringfügig Beschäftigte mit ihrem Unternehmen identifizieren und sich in die Belegschaft der jeweiligen Filiale integriert fühlen. Außerdem ging die Verfasserin den Fragen nach, unter welchen Umständen sich geringfügig Beschäftigte in die Belegschaft integriert fühlen und in welchem Ausmaß und auf welche Weise die untersuchten Unternehmen die Integration der Minijobber bzw. Herausbildung einer gemeinsamen Gruppenidentität fördern. Darüber hinaus werden auch die Fragen geklärt, welche Auswirkungen eine mangelnde Integration auf die Kooperationsbeziehungen zwischen Stamm- und geringfügig Beschäftigten sowie auf die Verbleibabsicht, die Arbeitszufriedenheit und Organizational Citizenship Behavior hat. Die Ergebnisse der schriftlichen Befragung von Stammpersonal und geringfügig Beschäftigten zeigen, dass es scheinbar keine Beeinträchtigungen durch eine Distanzierung von geringfügig Beschäftigten im Hinblick auf die Unternehmen-Identifikation, die Kooperationsbereitschaft, die Verbleibabsicht und Allgemeine Arbeitszufriedenheit bei beiden Gruppen gibt. Die Ergebnisse der mündlichen Befragung geben dagegen Hinweise auf unkooperative, von Misstrauen geprägte Beziehungen zwischen beiden Gruppen und eine mangelnde Integration von geringfügig Beschäftigten. Eine Personalpolitik, die auf eine Ausgrenzung von geringfügig Beschäftigten ausgerichtet ist, kann die Wahrnehmung einer gemeinsamen Gruppenidentität zerstören und unkooperative und misstrauensgeprägte Beziehungen zwischen Stamm- und geringfügig Beschäftigten bewirken.

Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-32).

This study examined university academics?? valence for teaching and research, and the relationships between the valence and self-efficacy for teaching and research, with an Australian and a Chinese sample. In addition, the study also investigated modelling of research activity and Chinese university academics?? attributions, experience of western research activities, and ingroup and outgroup relationships between models and observers. Design and conduct of the research was guided by a theoretical framework. Several hypotheses were generated and tested, and research questions were answered. Quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews were used in this study. The quantitative analysis comprised exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, and content analysis was used for free responses in the surveys and the interview data from the sample of Chinese academics. Within the context of the research, the results suggested that valence for academic work may be related to university academics?? cultural orientation and their self-efficacy for academic work. The study also suggested that observing modelling by others may have been related to the Chinese university academics?? self-efficacy for research. Effects of modelling and the Chinese academics?? attributions for models?? success in research appeared to be moderated by ingroup and outgroup relationships between the models and observers. Moreover, overseas experience was found to be the most important external attribution for Chinese models?? success in research.

This study examined university academics?? valence for teaching and research, and the relationships between the valence and self-efficacy for teaching and research, with an Australian and a Chinese sample. In addition, the study also investigated modelling of research activity and Chinese university academics?? attributions, experience of western research activities, and ingroup and outgroup relationships between models and observers. Design and conduct of the research was guided by a theoretical framework. Several hypotheses were generated and tested, and research questions were answered. Quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews were used in this study. The quantitative analysis comprised exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, and content analysis was used for free responses in the surveys and the interview data from the sample of Chinese academics. Within the context of the research, the results suggested that valence for academic work may be related to university academics?? cultural orientation and their self-efficacy for academic work. The study also suggested that observing modelling by others may have been related to the Chinese university academics?? self-efficacy for research. Effects of modelling and the Chinese academics?? attributions for models?? success in research appeared to be moderated by ingroup and outgroup relationships between the models and observers. Moreover, overseas experience was found to be the most important external attribution for Chinese models?? success in research.

Humiliation is a negative, self-conscious emotion that is experienced because of a psychological discrepancy between an individual’s self-concept and how s/he perceives others as viewing him/her. The questions addressed in the present research were whether humiliation can be experienced as a group-based emotion, what are the emotional and behavioural consequences, and what role does ingroup identification play? In line with the intergroup emotion theory (Smith et al., 2007) and related research, three experiments were conducted to address these questions. The results showed that participants reported to feel humiliation on behalf of a humiliated ingroup member. The results further implied that the behavioural responses such as withdrawal and revenge to group-based humiliation depend on the accommodating emotions such as shame and anger. The results addressing the role of ingroup identification were rather ambiguous. The implications of the present research are outlined in detail with regard to the current discourse on intergroup emotions. / Unisa Grow Your Own Timber Programme / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology (Research Consultation))

Centrée sur l’étude de plusieurs jardins partagés parisiens et de proche banlieue, cette thèse se propose de questionner les discours – institutionnels, associatifs, et des jardinier.e.s eux.elles-mêmes – présentant ces jardins comme des lieux de création de lien social. L’enquête de terrain, mêlant observation participante, questionnaires et entretiens semi-directifs, révèle que ces jardins constituent des espaces d’entre-soi, fréquentés par des acteur.rice.s proches, en particulier en termes de positions sociales, de niveaux de diplômes et de pratiques culturelles et de loisirs. Si des liens peuvent émerger dans et par ces jardins, leur portée reste ainsi limitée par le fait qu’ils se créent presque exclusivement entre les membres des collectifs, sélectionné.e.s socialement. L’enjeu de cette thèse est donc de mettre à l’épreuve du terrain l’inadéquation entre les éléments de discours recueillis et les pratiques effectives des acteur.rice.s. Ce travail se situe dans une réflexion plus large à propos du lien social contemporain caractérisé par sa nature élective. Il soulève aussi la participation des collectifs associatifs aux stratégies d’appropriation de l’espace et aux processus ségrégatifs en jeu dans les territoires urbains, en particulier la gentrification en cours à Paris et dans les communes de proche banlieue. / The aim of this thesis is to question the statement - given by Institutions, associations and gardeners themselves - of shared gardens being a source of social ties building. Built upon a field study of both parisian and suburbian shared gardens, this thesis intends to underline the contradiction that exists between what is claimed by gardeners and what the observation of their actual practices tends to reveal. Mixing participant observations, questionnairs and semi-structured interviews, this social survey reveals shared gardens to be in fact ingroup spaces visited by people rather close in terms of social status, education level and cultural practices. If social ties undeniably find their origin from these gardens, they extend only to socially selected members within local associations. From a more global perspective, this work aims to caracterise contemporary social ties as elective in their nature. It also stresses the role of local associations in both public space appropriation and segregation processes within urban territories – the growing gentrification of Paris and its suburbian area being a significant outcome of it.

The present study aims to test my hypothesis that the language forms found in the Blocos Afro discourses in Salvador de Bahia, Brazil can be seen as expressions of Afro-Brazilian and/or Blocos Afro identity work and can also be seen as being, at least thematically, connected to the negritude movement. The study is based on samples created of Blocos Afro lyrics. As a selection of Blocos Afro I chose Ilê Ayiê, Cortejo Afro and Olodum, which are all well recognized and with a long tradition presenting themselves in Salvador. In total the analysis was made from 31942 words and/or 250 lyrics. A pilot was used to create a framework to select and identify expressions and language forms attested to be associated with the Afro-Brazilian identity. I relied on quantitative and qualitative approaches to the analyses. First, I categorized the expressions from the different lyrics by using a word cloud application which provides an overview of word frequency in a given corpus and can be used to underpin qualitative analyses. By using word cloud the frequency of words in the total corpus of 250 lyrics and particular lyrics was analyzed. Based on this analysis of the frequency of use of expression and language forms, I carried out a thematic analysis of the discourses and compared the themes to salient themes of negritude. The results show that the Afro-Brazilian identity in Salvador is thematically connected to the negritude movement and that the Afro-Blocos lyrics analyzed show identity work a strong ingroup perspective.